A small-scale hydrogen production converter

Abstract

This application relates to a small-scale hydrogen production converter, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen production. It includes a converter body, within which a conversion tube is disposed. The two ends of the conversion tube extend from the top and bottom of the converter body, respectively. A heat-insulating support layer is installed on the inner bottom wall of the converter body. Heat-insulating layers are installed on the inner top and inner side walls of the converter body. A partition wall is disposed above the heat-insulating support layer, with its top contacting the top heat-insulating layer. The partition wall divides the interior of the converter body into a radiation chamber and a convection chamber. The conversion tube is located in the radiation chamber. Multiple burners for heating the interior of the radiation chamber are installed on the top of the converter body. Multiple flue holes are opened at the bottom of the partition wall. A convection furnace tube is disposed in the convection chamber. This application achieves the effect of making the hydrogen production equipment compact and space-saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular to a small-scale hydrogen production converter. Background Technology

[0002] A hydrogen production converter is a device that uses hydrocarbons as raw materials and employs steam reforming to produce hydrogen. The steam reforming process is a comprehensive process involving heat transfer, mass transfer, momentum transfer, and complex chemical reactions, requiring that heat transfer and reaction be compatible.

[0003] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN208038035U discloses a hydrogen production converter, including a furnace body and a burner located at the bottom of the furnace body. A waste heat recovery box is provided on one side of the furnace body, and the upper end of the waste heat recovery box is connected to the upper end of the furnace body through a flue gas pipe. A spiral tube is installed inside the waste heat recovery box. A water inlet pipe is connected to the top of the waste heat recovery box, and a water outlet pipe is connected to the bottom of the waste heat recovery box. The top end of the spiral tube is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the bottom end of the spiral tube is connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0004] The outer surface of the flue gas pipe is wrapped with a spiral-shaped feed gas preheating pipe, and the inside of the furnace body is equipped with a spiral-shaped reformer tube containing a catalyst. The upper end of the reformer tube passes through the upper surface of the furnace body and connects with the feed gas preheating pipe. The burner heats the inside of the reformer, and then the flue gas enters the waste heat recovery box to heat the water in the spiral tube, thereby reusing the waste heat of the flue gas.

[0005] The waste heat recovery box is located on one side of the converter. This hydrogen production equipment is large and has a dispersed structure, making it difficult to transport by skid. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make the hydrogen production equipment compact and occupy a small area, this application provides a small-scale hydrogen production conversion furnace.

[0007] The small-scale hydrogen production converter provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A small hydrogen production converter includes a converter body, a conversion tube disposed within the converter body, with its two ends extending from the top and bottom of the converter body, respectively. A heat-insulating support layer is installed on the inner bottom wall of the converter body, and heat-insulating layers are installed on the inner top wall and inner side wall of the converter body. A partition wall is disposed above the heat-insulating support layer, with the top of the partition wall contacting the heat-insulating layer at the top. The partition wall divides the interior of the converter body into a radiation chamber and a convection chamber. The conversion tube is located in the radiation chamber. Multiple burners for heating the interior of the radiation chamber are installed on the top of the converter body. Multiple flue holes are opened at the bottom of the partition wall. A convection furnace tube is disposed in the convection chamber.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, during the operation of the hydrogen production converter, the burner heats the radiant chamber. The mixed feed gas enters from the top of the conversion tube, is heated and undergoes a catalytic reaction inside the conversion tube, and then exits from the bottom of the conversion tube. The flue gas generated by the burner flows from the top to the bottom of the radiant chamber. The flue gas then enters the convection chamber through the flue holes at the bottom of the partition wall. The flue gas flows from the bottom to the top of the convection chamber, utilizing the waste heat of the flue gas to heat the convection furnace tubes. The convection furnace tubes contain the feed materials required by the converter, thereby improving the utilization rate of waste heat. By integrating the convection chamber into the furnace chamber of the converter body, the overall footprint of the converter is greatly reduced, making its overall structure very compact and its combustion heat utilization rate high.

[0010] Optionally, the heat insulation layer includes refractory fiber modules and ceramic fiber blankets, and each of the refractory fiber modules and ceramic fiber blankets is provided with heat insulation nails. Both the refractory fiber modules and the ceramic fiber blankets are fixed to the inner wall of the converter body by the heat insulation nails.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, refractory fiber modules and ceramic fiber blankets are installed on the inner side wall and inner top wall of the converter body, which can maximize the insulation of heat and ensure the internal temperature of the converter body.

[0012] Optionally, the thermal insulation support layer comprises, from bottom to top, castable refractory, fiber felt, and refractory brick.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom wall of the converter body adopts a structure of refractory bricks + fiber felt + castable, which can isolate heat while retaining a certain strength to support the partition wall above.

[0014] Optionally, the convection furnace tube includes a preheating section, a superheated steam section, and an evaporation section. The preheating section, the superheated steam section, and the evaporation section are all spiral coils. An inlet pipe is fixed at the top of the conversion tube. The outlet of the preheating section is connected to the inlet pipe. The mixed raw material gas enters the preheating section from the inlet of the preheating section, and after being heated by the preheating section, it enters the inlet pipe from the outlet of the preheating section.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas heats the preheating section, the superheated steam section and the evaporation section inside the convection chamber. The preheating section heats the mixed raw material gas, the superheated steam section heats the steam, and the evaporation section heats the demineralized water, thereby improving the utilization rate of the flue gas.

[0016] Optionally, an annular flue is fixed to the top of the converter body, the flue is connected to the convection chamber, an annular pipe is fixed above the flue, and a flue outlet pipe is fixed on the side wall of the annular pipe.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the mixed raw material gas inlets of the flue, burner and conversion tube are all located at the top of the conversion furnace body, so that most of the operation and external equipment connection are concentrated here, which is convenient for installation and operation, and is conducive to disassembly and practicality.

[0018] Optionally, the converter body is cylindrical, with a diameter of 2m and an overall height of 2.5m.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the converter body is cylindrical and the overall size is controlled within a space of 2m×2m×2.5m, which reduces the footprint of the converter and fully meets the requirements of container skid-mounted transportation.

[0020] Optionally, a connecting plate is fixed to the bottom of the conversion tube, and a fixing component is provided between the connecting plate and the bottom of the conversion furnace body, the fixing component fixing the conversion tube to the bottom of the conversion furnace body.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the conversion tube will generate a thermal expansion and contraction effect when it is working. By fixing the bottom of the conversion tube, the conversion tube can expand freely upward under high temperature, reducing the possibility of damage to the conversion tube.

[0022] Optionally, the fixing assembly includes a first fixing block, a second fixing block, and a connecting rod. The first fixing block is fixed to the bottom of the converter body, the second fixing block is fixed to the top of the connecting plate, one end of the connecting rod is fixed to the first connecting block, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the second connecting block. The first fixing block has a first connecting hole for insertion, and the second fixing block has a second connecting hole for insertion.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the bottom of the conversion tube, the first connecting block is inserted into the first connecting hole on the first fixing block, and the second connecting block is inserted into the second connecting hole on the second fixing block, which facilitates fixing the conversion tube.

[0024] Optionally, the fixing assembly includes a sleeve fixed to the bottom of the converter body, the sleeve being sleeved with the conversion tube, a first ring plate fixed to the bottom of the sleeve, a second ring plate fixed to the outer wall of the conversion tube, the first ring plate supporting the second ring plate, a first flange fixed to the bottom of the conversion tube, an exhaust pipe provided below the conversion tube, a second flange connected to the first flange fixed to the top of the exhaust pipe, a second bolt provided on the second flange, the second bolt passing through the second flange and threadedly connected to the second flange, and the second bolt abutting against the first ring plate.

[0025] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. By integrating the convection chamber into the furnace chamber of the converter body, the overall footprint of the converter is greatly reduced, making its overall structure very compact and its combustion heat utilization rate high;

[0027] 2. The bottom wall of the converter body adopts a structure of refractory bricks + fiber felt + castable, which can insulate heat while retaining a certain strength to support the partition wall above.

[0028] 3. The converter body is cylindrical, and its overall size is controlled within a space of 2m×2m×2.5m, which reduces the footprint of the converter and fully meets the requirements of container skid-mounted transportation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the conversion furnace in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the fixing component in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the first fixing block and the second fixing block in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the fixing component in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the first ring plate and the second ring plate in Embodiment 2 of this application.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Converter body; 11. Support leg; 12. Connecting pipe; 13. Radiant chamber; 14. Convection chamber; 15. Flue; 151. Annular pipe; 152. Flue outlet pipe; 2. Converter pipe; 21. Inlet pipe; 22. Outlet pipe; 23. Connecting plate; 3. Partition wall; 31. Flue opening; 4. Thermal insulation support layer; 41. Castable refractory; 42. Fiber felt; 43. Refractory brick; 5. Thermal insulation layer; 51. Refractory fiber module; 52. Ceramic fiber blanket; 6. Burner; 7. 71. Convection furnace tube; 72. Preheating section; 73. Superheated steam section; 74. Evaporation section; 8. Fixing assembly; 81. First fixing block; 811. First connecting hole; 82. Second fixing block; 821. Second connecting hole; 83. Connecting rod; 831. First connecting block; 832. Second connecting block; 84. Sleeve; 841. First ring plate; 85. Second ring plate; 86. First flange; 861. First bolt; 862. First nut; 863. Second bolt; 87. Second flange. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] This application discloses a small-scale hydrogen production converter. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 A small-scale hydrogen production converter includes a converter body 1 and a conversion tube 2. The converter body 1 is cylindrical, and multiple support legs 11 are fixed to the bottom of the converter body 1. The multiple support legs 11 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the converter body 1. The diameter of the converter body 1 is about 2m, the overall height of the converter is about 2.5m, and the hydrogen production capacity of the converter is 50m³ / h.

[0039] The conversion tube 2 is located at the center of the conversion furnace body 1. The conversion tube 2 is vertically arranged, with its two ends extending from the top and bottom of the conversion furnace body 1, respectively. The conversion tube 2 is a centrifugally cast tube about 2m long, made of HP-Nb material, and contains a catalyst for the reaction inside.

[0040] An inlet pipe 21 is fixed to the top of the conversion tube 2, and an outlet pipe 22 is fixed to the bottom of the conversion tube 2. A partition wall 3 is provided in the conversion furnace body 1. The partition wall 3 is prefabricated using high-temperature refractory bricks 43 or castable. A heat insulation support layer 4 is provided on the inner bottom wall of the conversion furnace body 1, and the partition wall 3 is located above the heat insulation support layer 4. The heat insulation support layer 4 consists of castable 41, fiber felt 42, and refractory bricks 43 from bottom to top. The fiber felt 42 is placed on top of the castable 41, and the refractory bricks 43 are placed on top of the fiber felt 42. The bottom of the partition wall 3 is fixed to the refractory bricks 43.

[0041] A thermal insulation layer 5 is installed between the inner sidewall and the inner top wall of the converter body 1. The thermal insulation layer 5 includes refractory fiber modules 51 and ceramic fiber blankets 52. The ceramic fiber blankets 52 are in contact with the inner wall of the converter body 1, and the refractory fiber modules 51 are in contact with the ceramic fiber blankets 52. Both the refractory fiber modules 51 and the ceramic fiber blankets 52 are fixed to the interior of the converter body 1 by thermal insulation nails. The top of the partition wall 3 is in contact with the thermal insulation layer 5 on top. The partition wall 3 divides the interior of the converter body 1 into a radiation chamber 13 and a convection chamber 14.

[0042] Four burners 6 are fixed at the top of the converter body 1. The four burners 6 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the conversion tube 2. A partition wall 3 is set in a circle and located outside the burners 6. The burners 6 penetrate the top wall of the converter body 1 and the top heat insulation layer 5. The burners 6 can heat the radiation chamber 13.

[0043] Multiple flue holes 31 are provided at the bottom of the partition wall 3. The multiple flue holes 31 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the partition wall 3. The flue gas in the radiation chamber 13 can enter the convection chamber 14 through the flue holes 31. The flue gas in the radiation chamber 13 flows from top to bottom, and the flue gas in the convection chamber 14 flows from bottom to top.

[0044] An annular flue duct 15 is fixed at the top of the converter body 1. The flue duct 15 is connected to the interior of the convection chamber 14. An annular pipe 151 is fixed above the flue duct 15, and a flue outlet pipe 152 is fixed to the side wall of the annular pipe 151. The flue gas in the convection chamber 14 flows upward through the flue hole 31 and enters the annular flue, and finally exits from the flue outlet pipe 152.

[0045] The convection chamber 14 is equipped with a convection furnace tube 7, which is in the form of a spiral coil and is divided into three sections that are not interconnected. From bottom to top, the three sections of the convection furnace tube 7 are a preheating section 71, a superheated steam section 72, and an evaporation section 73. The preheating section 71 preheats the mixed gas feedstock, the superheated steam section 72 heats the steam, and the evaporation section 73 heats the demineralized water. The mixed gas feedstock consists of steam and natural gas.

[0046] Demineralized water enters through the inlet of evaporation section 73. After heating, the demineralized water generates steam, which exits through the outlet of evaporation section 73 and is then stored in a gas chamber (not shown in the diagram). Saturated steam in the gas chamber enters through the inlet of superheated steam section 72. After heating, the saturated steam exits through the outlet of superheated steam section 72 and enters a mixing tank (not shown in the diagram). The mixing tank mixes the superheated steam and natural gas to form a mixed feedstock gas. This mixed feedstock gas enters preheating section 71 through the inlet of preheating section 71 for preheating. The outlet of preheating section 71 is connected to connecting pipe 12. The mixed feedstock gas then enters conversion pipe 2 through inlet pipe 21.

[0047] The entire hydrogen production converter adopts a cylindrical structure, and the convection chamber 14 is integrated into the converter furnace, which greatly reduces the floor space of the converter and makes its overall structure very compact with high combustion heat utilization. Its overall size is controlled within a space of 2m×2m×2.5m, which fully meets the installation requirements for container skid-mounted transportation. Since the converter concentrates the raw gas inlet, burner 6 and flue duct 15 at the top of the furnace, most of the operation and external equipment connection are concentrated here, making it very convenient for installation and operation, and facilitating disassembly and use.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 A connecting plate 23 is fixed to the bottom of the conversion tube 2. Multiple fixing components 8 are connected between the connecting plate 23 and the bottom of the conversion furnace body 1. The multiple fixing components 8 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the conversion tube 2. The fixing components 8 include a first fixing block 81, a second fixing block 82, and a connecting rod 83. The first fixing block 81 is fixed to the bottom of the conversion furnace body 1, the second fixing block 82 is fixed to the top of the connecting plate 23, and the connecting rod 83 is arranged vertically between the first fixing block 81 and the second fixing block 82.

[0049] One end of the connecting rod 83 is fixed with a first connecting block 831, and the other end of the connecting rod 83 is fixed with a second connecting block 832. Both the first connecting block 831 and the second connecting block 832 are square blocks. The first fixing block 81 has a first connecting hole 811, and the second fixing block 82 has a second connecting hole 821. The first connecting block 831 is inserted into the first connecting hole 811, and the second connecting block 832 is inserted into the second connecting hole 821, thereby fixing the connecting plate 23 to the bottom of the converter.

[0050] When the conversion tube 2 is working, due to the high temperature inside the conversion furnace, the conversion tube 2 will experience thermal expansion and contraction. By fixing the bottom of the conversion tube 2, the conversion tube 2 can expand freely upward under high temperature conditions, reducing the possibility of damage to the conversion tube 2.

[0051] The implementation principle of a small hydrogen production converter according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: When the hydrogen production converter is working, the burner 6 heats the radiation chamber 13, the mixed raw material gas enters the preheating section 71 for heating, and then enters the conversion tube 2. The mixed raw material gas is heated in the conversion tube 2 and reacts with the catalyst in the conversion tube 2. The converted gas after the reaction leaves the furnace from the bottom and is discharged from the gas outlet pipe 22.

[0052] The flue gas in the radiant chamber 13 flows from the top to the bottom of the furnace, and then enters the convection chamber 14 through the flue duct 31. The flue gas heats the convection furnace tubes 7, and then exits from the exhaust pipe 152. The waste heat of the flue gas in the convection chamber 14 is used to heat the raw materials required by the converter, thereby improving the utilization rate of the flue gas.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the fixing component 8 includes a sleeve 84, which is located at the bottom of the converter body 1 and fixed to the bottom of the converter body 1. The sleeve 84 is sleeved with the conversion tube 2. A first annular plate 841 is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve 84, and a second annular plate 85 is fixed to the outer wall of the conversion tube 2. The second annular plate 85 is located above and in contact with the first annular plate 841, and supports the first annular plate 841, thereby supporting the conversion tube 2. A heat insulation layer 5 is provided between the outer wall of the conversion tube 2 and the inner wall of the sleeve 84 to reduce the possibility of internal temperature transfer from the conversion tube 2 to the outside.

[0055] A first flange 86 is fixed to the bottom of the conversion pipe 2, and a second flange 87 is fixed to the top of the outlet pipe 22. The first flange 86 is fixed by multiple first bolts 861 and first nuts 862. The diameter of the second flange 87 is larger than that of the first flange 86. A second bolt 863 is provided on the second flange 87, and the second bolt 863 is threadedly connected to the second flange 87. The end of the second flange 87 near the first ring plate 841 abuts against the bottom of the first ring plate 841.

[0056] When the bottom of the conversion tube 2 expands and moves downward due to heat, the first flange 86 and the second flange 87 will also move downward. At this time, the top of the second bolt 863 will disengage from the first ring plate 841. The second bolt 863 needs to be tightened to press against the first ring plate 841, thereby increasing the stability of the conversion tube 2.

[0057] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A small-scale hydrogen production converter, characterized in that: The system includes a converter body (1), a converter tube (2) is provided inside the converter body (1), the two ends of the converter tube (2) extend from the top and bottom of the converter body (1) respectively, a heat insulation support layer (4) is installed on the inner bottom wall of the converter body (1), and heat insulation layers (5) are installed on the inner top wall and inner side wall of the converter body (1). A partition wall (3) is provided above the heat insulation support layer (4), and the top of the partition wall (3) contacts the heat insulation layer (5) at the top. The converter body (1) is divided into a radiation chamber (13) and a convection chamber (14). The conversion tube (2) is located in the radiation chamber (13). Multiple burners (6) for heating the interior of the radiation chamber (13) are installed on the top of the converter body (1). Multiple flue holes (31) are opened at the bottom of the partition wall (3). A convection furnace tube (7) is installed in the convection chamber (14). A connecting plate (23) is fixed to the bottom of the conversion tube (2). The connecting plate (23) is connected to the converter body (1). A fixing component (8) is provided between the bottoms of the converter tube (2) and the bottom of the converter body (1). The fixing component (8) includes a sleeve (84) fixed to the bottom of the converter body (1). The sleeve (84) is sleeved with the converter tube (2). A first ring plate (841) is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve (84). A second ring plate (85) is fixed to the outer wall of the converter tube (2). The first ring plate (841) supports the second ring plate (85). The bottom of the conversion pipe (2) is fixed with a first flange (86), and an exhaust pipe (22) is provided below the conversion pipe (2). The top of the exhaust pipe (22) is fixed with a second flange (87) that is connected to the first flange (86). A second bolt (863) is provided on the second flange (87). The second bolt (863) passes through the second flange (87) and is threadedly connected to the second flange (87). The second bolt (863) abuts against the first ring plate (841).

2. The small-scale hydrogen production converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat insulation layer (5) includes a refractory fiber module (51) and a ceramic fiber blanket (52). Both the refractory fiber module (51) and the ceramic fiber blanket (52) are provided with heat insulation nails. Both the refractory fiber module (51) and the ceramic fiber blanket (52) are fixed to the inner wall of the converter body (1) by heat insulation nails.

3. A small-scale hydrogen production conversion furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The heat insulation support layer (4) consists of castable (41), fiber felt (42) and refractory brick (43) from bottom to top.

4. A small-scale hydrogen production converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The convection furnace tube (7) includes a preheating section (71), a superheated steam section (72), and an evaporation section (73). The preheating section (71), the superheated steam section (72), and the evaporation section (73) are all spiral coils. An inlet pipe (21) is fixed to the top of the conversion tube (2). The outlet end of the preheating section (71) is connected to the inlet pipe (21).

5. A small-scale hydrogen production conversion furnace according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The top of the converter body (1) is fixed with an annular flue (15), which is connected to the convection chamber (14). An annular pipe (151) is fixed above the flue (15), and a flue pipe (152) is fixed on the side wall of the annular pipe (151).

6. A small-scale hydrogen production converter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The converter body (1) is cylindrical, with a diameter of 2m and an overall height of 2.5m.

7. A small-scale hydrogen production converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: Another alternative to the fixing component (8) is that the fixing component (8) includes a first fixing block (81), a second fixing block (82) and a connecting rod (83). The first fixing block (81) is fixed to the bottom of the converter body (1), the second fixing block (82) is fixed to the top of the connecting plate (23), one end of the connecting rod (83) is fixed with the first connecting block (831), and the other end of the connecting rod (83) is fixed with the second connecting block (832). The first fixing block (81) has a first connecting hole (811) for the first connecting block (831) to be inserted into, and the second fixing block (82) has a second connecting hole (821) for the second connecting block (832) to be inserted into and cooperate with.

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