A high-precision CNC machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the technical field of CNC machine tools, specifically to a high-precision CNC machine tool, including a spindle, a fixture, and a cutting tool; the fixture is mounted on the spindle, and the cutting tool is mounted on the fixture; it also includes an anti-collision mechanism and a fixing frame, the anti-collision mechanism being installed inside the fixing frame, and the fixing frame being installed on the outer surface of the spindle. The anti-collision mechanism controls the maximum feed of the spindle. When the maximum feed is exceeded, the anti-collision mechanism sends a signal through an infrared receiver to stop the spindle feed, thereby protecting the spindle; by setting the anti-collision mechanism, when parameter settings are incorrect and the cutting tool exceeds the maximum feed depth, the anti-collision mechanism sends a signal to stop the spindle feed, solving the problem that the anti-collision mechanism cannot be triggered due to parameter settings errors, thus protecting the cutting tool and the spindle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of CNC machine tools, and specifically to a high-precision CNC machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] A machine tool is a tool that uses a spindle to drive the movement of a cutting tool. The spindle is the axis on the machine tool that drives the workpiece or cutting tool to rotate and is used to clamp and fix the workpiece. By controlling the feed of the spindle, the workpiece can be processed. Existing machine tools use computer programming to set the spindle path and control the spindle to move along the X, Y and Z axes. Computer programming enables machine tools to have higher machining accuracy and improve production efficiency.

[0003] On existing high-precision CNC machine tools, the machining end head moves along a pre-set path by the computer. During this movement, if there are obstacles on the worktable or the workpiece is misplaced, the machining end head will directly collide with them, easily causing damage. Furthermore, due to operator inexperience or programming errors, beginners often cause tool collisions during on-site machining. Tool collisions often lead to tool damage and reduced machine tool accuracy, and in severe cases, may even endanger operator safety. Existing technology uses a buffer plate to absorb the energy generated by the impact and uses a buzzer alarm to remind staff to inspect the machine tool, prevent tool damage, and replace the anti-collision device to protect the tool. However, this cannot guarantee that the buffer plate will prevent the spindle from being impacted. Impacts may damage the spindle and affect its accuracy. Incorrect parameter settings may prevent the anti-collision device from triggering when the tool feed is too high, and adjusting different anti-collision parameters for different workpieces is too cumbersome.

[0004] In view of the above, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a high-precision CNC machine tool, which solves the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that existing anti-collision devices for CNC machine tools cannot guarantee that the buffer plate will not be impacted by the spindle. Incorrect parameter settings will cause the anti-collision device to fail to trigger when the tool feed is too high. Moreover, different anti-collision parameters need to be adjusted for different workpieces, making the anti-collision device too cumbersome.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a high-precision CNC machine tool, including a sleeve, a spindle, and a cutting tool; the spindle is installed inside the sleeve, and the cutting tool is installed inside the spindle; it also includes an anti-collision mechanism and a fixing frame, the anti-collision mechanism is installed inside the fixing frame, and the fixing frame is installed on the outer surface of the sleeve. The anti-collision mechanism controls the maximum feed of the spindle. When the maximum feed is exceeded, the anti-collision mechanism sends a signal through an infrared receiver to stop the spindle from feeding, thereby protecting the spindle.

[0008] The anti-collision mechanism includes a push rod, a push block, a transmission rod, a sliding rod, a connecting rod, a connecting block, a guide post, a spring, and a stop block. The push rod is circumferentially arrayed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the cross-shaped chassis. One end of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to one end of the push rod, and the other end of the transmission rod is pinned to one end of the connecting block. The connecting block is slidably installed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. The push block is slidably connected to the cross-shaped chassis. One end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the push block, and the other end of the sliding rod is pinned to one end of the connecting rod. The angle between the connecting rod and the sliding rod is an obtuse angle. When the angle between the connecting rod and the sliding rod is an obtuse angle, the connecting rod can push the sliding rod to move, preventing the sliding rod from jamming and causing the anti-collision mechanism to malfunction. The other end of the connecting rod is pinned to the transmission rod, and the other end of the connecting block is pinned to the guide post. The guide post is slidably installed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. The spring is slidably installed on the outer surface of the guide post. The stop block is slidably installed on the top of the guide post, and the upper part of the stop block is placed on the inner wall of the top cover.

[0009] The outer surface of the upper end of the push rod is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cross base. The top of the push rod is fixedly connected to the transmission rod. The lower part of the push rod is an inclined plane. The vertical height of the apex of the inclined plane is higher than the bottom surface of the push plate, and the opening of the inclined plane faces outward. This ensures that the push rod can always be pushed by the workpiece when the spindle is fed laterally. When the tool starts to feed and is at the critical value, the push rod can always be activated, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the anti-collision mechanism. When the spindle is fed laterally, the workpiece pushes the push rod to move vertically through the inclined plane, thereby ensuring that the anti-collision mechanism can also protect the spindle in multiple directions.

[0010] The push block is slidably installed in the slide groove. The push block has an "L" shaped cross-section. The bottom of the push block is raised to protect it and prevent damage to the push block from affecting the anti-collision mechanism. A column is provided on the top of the push block. The column has circular through holes on its side and top. A buffer block is provided at the bottom of the push block. The vertical part of the push block has semi-circular structures on both sides and a rectangular structure in the middle. The semi-circular structures on both sides of the push block can engage with the slide groove, increasing the contact area between the push block and the slide groove, reducing damage to the push block. In addition, the semi-circular structures on both sides of the push block can enable the push block to withstand greater axial loads, ensuring the smooth operation of the anti-collision mechanism.

[0011] The lower part of the connecting block has multiple circular through holes arranged vertically in an array. These holes are used to adjust the connection position between the transmission rod and the connecting block, thereby adjusting the angle between the transmission rod and the horizontal plane. By adjusting the angle between the transmission rod and the horizontal plane, the extension length of the push rod can be adjusted, making the anti-collision mechanism more precise. The upper and lower parts of the connecting plate have grooves, and the guide post and transmission rod are located in the grooves of the connecting plate. The connecting block has an "I" shaped cross-section, which effectively controls the rotation direction of the guide post and transmission rod, preventing the misalignment of the guide post and transmission rod from affecting the operation of the anti-collision mechanism. The upper part of the connecting block is connected to the guide post by a pin, and the lower part of the connecting block is connected to the transmission rod by a pin. The guide post has multiple circular through holes. A locking block is provided at the top of the transmission rod, and the top of the transmission rod passes through a groove. The width of the locking block is greater than the width of the groove. When the connecting block is at its highest point, the top of the transmission rod is locked to the connecting block by the locking block, preventing the connecting block from continuing to move under the action of the guide post, which would cause the transmission rod to drive the push rod and cause the push rod to exceed the set distance, thus causing errors in the anti-collision mechanism. The outer surface of the guide post is slidably installed on the inner wall of the guide sleeve. A fixing block is provided at the top of the guide post. A retaining spring groove is provided at the bottom of the fixing block. Two opposing "7"-shaped structural plates are provided on the upper part of the fixing block. The two opposing "7"-shaped structural plates are used to fix the baffle and prevent the baffle from shifting, which would cause errors in the anti-collision mechanism.

[0012] The bottom of the stop block is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed block. The stop block has a "T" shaped cross-section, which makes the bottom of the stop block more stable when mounted on the top of the fixed block and less prone to wobbling when the stop block moves up and down, thus reducing the error of the anti-collision mechanism. The bottom of the stop block has a fan-shaped structure and the end face of the stop block is an arc surface. The fan-shaped structure is engaged with the fixed block at three points, making the stop block more stable. The fixed position of the stop block can be adjusted by rotating the stop block around the center of the arc surface. Multiple light-transmitting holes are arrayed along the diagonal direction of the arc surface. By adjusting the position of the baffle, the light-transmitting holes are located at different heights to control the feed depth of the tool, thereby giving the anti-collision mechanism higher precision.

[0013] The cross-shaped base has a circular structure in the center and multiple rectangular protrusions arranged in a circular array on the side. The cross-shaped base has multiple fixing holes, and inclined grooves are formed on the outer side of the fixing holes. A bracket is set outside the inclined grooves. The inclined grooves are used to place the transmission rod, so that the push rod can increase the distance between itself and the main shaft, preventing the push rod from colliding with the main shaft and causing damage to the anti-collision mechanism. A sliding groove is formed in a circular array at the connection between the circular base and the rectangular protrusions. The two ends of the sliding groove are arc-shaped structures, and the middle of the sliding groove is a rectangular structure. The arc-shaped structure can engage with the push plate, increasing the contact area of ​​the push plate and increasing the extension distance of the sliding rod. The rectangular structure in the middle of the sliding groove guides the movement direction of the push plate, making the anti-collision mechanism operate more stably. A rectangular slide rail is set on the outer side of the sliding groove, and a semi-circular groove is formed on the top of the rectangular slide rail.

[0014] The inner cylinder has a cylindrical structure with a convex hole on the bottom side. The convex hole allows the pusher to move through the inner cylinder and also allows air to circulate inside the inner cylinder, preventing air pressure from affecting the anti-collision component and thus its control accuracy. Multiple baffles are arranged in a circular array on the side of the inner cylinder, with each baffle facing the other in pairs. Sufficient space is left between the baffles for the movement of the transmission rod. The baffles are used to block chips and prevent them from hindering the operation of the anti-collision mechanism. A disc-shaped connecting plate is provided at the top of the inner cylinder, and a bearing is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the inner cylinder.

[0015] The outer cylinder has a cylindrical structure with a ring structure at the top. Multiple guide sleeves are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the outer cylinder. Multiple infrared transmitters are mounted in a ring array on the upper end face of the outer cylinder. A disc fixing plate is provided on the inner wall of the upper part of the outer cylinder. The inner wall of the disc fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bearing. Multiple sliding holes are arranged in a circumferential array on the disc fixing plate. Multiple support blocks are fixedly installed in a circumferential array on the disc fixing plate. The support blocks are rectangular in structure, with the midpoint of the support block and the center of the sliding hole both located on the axis of the disc fixing plate. This ensures that the fixing block and the infrared receiver are on the same axis, facilitating the infrared signal to pass through the block and reach the infrared receiver. This makes the anti-collision mechanism more stable and prevents it from malfunctioning. An infrared receiver is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support block. The infrared transmitters and receivers are paired, improving their accuracy and thus enhancing the precision of the anti-collision mechanism.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. This invention, by setting an anti-collision mechanism, when the tool exceeds the maximum feed depth due to incorrect parameter settings, transmits a signal to stop the spindle feed, thus solving the problem of the anti-collision mechanism failing to trigger due to incorrect parameter settings, thereby protecting the tool and spindle.

[0018] 2. By setting up an infrared transmitter, the anti-collision mechanism transmits a signal after sending out the signal to stop the spindle from feeding. This solves the problem of damage to the spindle or even affecting its accuracy after being hit, ensuring the safety of the spindle and thus not affecting its accuracy.

[0019] 3. This invention, by setting a stop block and setting light-transmitting holes of different heights on the stop block, and by adjusting the position of the stop block, can adjust the maximum feed depth of the tool, thus solving the problem that the anti-collision device needs to adjust different anti-collision parameters for different workpieces, which makes the anti-collision device too cumbersome. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] The above and other aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the push rod and push block of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher block structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stop block structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped chassis structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the inner cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first working position of the push rod of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second working position of the push rod of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the third station of the pusher block operation of the present invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Sleeve; 2. Spindle; 3. Cutting tool; 4. Anti-collision mechanism; 41. Push rod; 42. Transmission rod; 421. Locking block; 43. Push block; 431. Column; 432. Buffer block; 433. Pull rod; 44. Sliding rod; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Connecting block; 47. Guide post; 48. Fixing block; 481. Limiting block; 482. Snap ring groove; 483. Spring; 49. Stop block; 491. Light transmission. 5. Hole; 5. Fixing bracket; 51. Cross base; 511. Fixing hole; 512. Inclined groove; 513. Bracket; 514. Slide groove; 515. Rectangular slide rail; 52. Inner cylinder; 521. Baffle; 522. Connecting plate; 53. Outer cylinder; 531. Guide sleeve; 532. Disc fixing plate; 533. Sliding hole; 534. Support block; 535. Infrared receiver; 536. Infrared transmitter; 54. Top cover; 55. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, the present invention provides a high-precision CNC machine tool, including a sleeve 1, a spindle 2, and a cutting tool 3; the spindle 2 is installed inside the sleeve 1, and the cutting tool 3 is installed inside the spindle 2; it also includes an anti-collision mechanism 4 and a fixing frame 5, the anti-collision mechanism 4 is installed inside the fixing frame 5, and the fixing frame 5 is installed on the outer surface of the sleeve 1. The feed of the sleeve 1 drives the anti-collision mechanism 4 to feed. When the anti-collision mechanism 4 is pressed against the workpiece, a lever is used to lower the stop block 49 so that the infrared signal passes through the stop block 49, thereby transmitting the infrared signal. The infrared signal is used to control the spindle 2 to stop feeding, thereby protecting the cutting tool 3 and the spindle 2.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 15As shown, the anti-collision mechanism 4 includes a push rod 41, a transmission rod 42, a push block 43, a sliding rod 44, a connecting rod 45, a connecting block 46, a guide post 47, a fixing block 48, and a stop block 49. The push rod 41 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cross-shaped base 51 in a circumferential array. One end of the push rod 41 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod 42, and the other end of the transmission rod 42 is pin-connected to one end of the connecting block 46. The middle part of the transmission rod 42 is mounted on the fixed frame 5. The push rod 41 pushes the transmission rod 42 to achieve the effect of a lever, which transforms the small-amplitude advance of the push rod 41 into a large-amplitude movement of the transmission rod 42. The push block 43 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the fixed frame 5. The push rod 41 and the push block 43 are located on the same axis, and the push rod 41 is located inside the push block 43. The above ensures that the force will not shift, improving the stability of the anti-collision mechanism 4. The push rod 41 is located inside the push block 43, and the push block 43 protects the push rod 41, thereby increasing the comprehensiveness of the anti-collision mechanism 4. The push block 43 is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod 44, and the other end of the sliding rod 44 is pin-connected to the connecting rod 45. The included angle between the sliding rod 44 and the connecting rod 45 is an obtuse angle. When the angle between the sliding rod 44 and the connecting rod 45 is an obtuse angle, the connecting rod 45 can push the sliding rod 44 to move, preventing the sliding rod 44 from jamming, so that the anti-collision mechanism 4 can operate normally. The transmission rod 42 is pin-connected to the other end of the connecting rod 45, and the other end of the connecting block 46 is pin-connected to the guide post 47. The top end of the guide post 47 is fixedly installed with a fixing block 48, and the inner wall of the fixing block 48 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the stop block 49.

[0041] During operation: the push rod 41 pushes the transmission rod 42 to move around the bracket 513. The transmission rod 42 drives the connecting block 46 to move downward. The connecting block 46 drives the guide post 47 to stretch downward. At the same time as the guide post 47 moves downward, the fixing block 48 drives the stop block 49 to move downward. When the stop block 49 moves downward to a certain depth, the infrared signal emitted from the infrared transmitter 536 will pass through the light-transmitting hole 491 on the stop block 49 and reach the infrared receiver 535. At this time, the infrared receiver 535 will transmit the signal to stop the spindle 2 from feeding.

[0042] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 4 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, the outer surface of the upper end of the push rod 41 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the cross base 51. The top of the push rod 41 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 42. The lower part of the push rod 41 is an inclined surface, and the vertical height of the apex of the inclined surface is higher than the bottom surface of the push block 43. The opening of the inclined surface faces outward. The inclined surface prevents the push rod from being unable to be pushed due to the transverse feed of the tool 3 during machining. The inclined surface of the push rod 41 ensures that the push rod 41 can always be pushed by the workpiece, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the anti-collision mechanism 4. When the tool 3 is transversely fed, and the feed... When the depth exceeds the horizontal height of the apex of the inclined plane, since the horizontal height of the bottom surface of the push block 43 is lower than the horizontal height of the apex of the inclined plane, the workpiece will push the push block 43 to move, thereby protecting the push rod 41. The push rod 41 will drive the anti-collision mechanism 4 to stop the spindle 2 from feeding, thereby improving the safety of the anti-collision mechanism 4. The push rod 41 is circumferentially arrayed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the cross base 51, and the inclined surface of the push rod 41 faces outward, thus ensuring that the anti-collision mechanism 4 can also protect the spindle 2 in multiple directions, thereby increasing the working upper limit of the anti-collision mechanism 4.

[0043] During operation: When the spindle 2 is fed vertically and the parameter setting is incorrect, causing the tool 3 to feed too much, the push rod 41 pushes the transmission rod 42 to move around the bracket 513; when the spindle 2 is fed horizontally and the parameter setting is incorrect, causing the tool 3 to feed too much, the push rod 41 is pushed vertically upward by the workpiece through the inclined plane, thereby causing the push rod 41 to push the transmission rod 42 to move around the bracket 513.

[0044] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the push block 43 is slidably installed in the slide groove 514. The push block 43 has an "L" shaped cross-section. A column 422 is provided on the top of the push block 43. The column 422 has circular through holes on its side and top for connecting with the sliding rod 44, making the movement direction of the push block 43 more stable. A buffer block 432 is provided at the bottom of the push block 43. The buffer block 432 can protect the push block 43 and prevent damage to the push block 43 from affecting the anti-collision mechanism 4. The two ends of the push block 43 are semi-circular structures, and the middle is a rectangular structure. The semi-circular structures at both ends of the push block 43 can engage with the slide groove 514, increasing the contact area between the push block 43 and the slide groove 514, reducing the wear of the slide groove 514, and the semi-circular structures at both ends of the push block 43 are not easily... The locking mechanism also disperses the impact force on the push block 43, making its movement smoother and ensuring the stable operation of the anti-collision mechanism 4. Pull rods 433 are installed on both sides of the push block 43, with one end of each pull rod 433 pinned to the push rod 41. The installation of pull rods 433 on both sides of the push block 43 makes the force on the push rod 41 and push block 43 more even, thereby increasing their service life. The angle between the pull rod 433 and the connecting rod 45 is a right angle, ensuring that the pull rod 433 is never horizontal, preventing the pull rod 433 from jamming the anti-collision mechanism 4 during the movement of the push block 43. When the push rod 41 is compressed by the workpiece, it pushes the transmission rod 42... When the end is lifted, the transmission rod 42 moves downward with the bracket 513 as the fulcrum. The downward movement of the other end of the transmission rod 42 drives the top of the connecting rod 45 to move downward. The bottom of the connecting rod 45 pushes the sliding rod 44 to slide through the rectangular slide rail 515. The sliding rod 44 pushes the push block 43 to move inward along the direction of the slide groove 514. Since the fulcrum is close to the push rod 41, the push rod 41 needs more force to push the transmission plate 43, and the transmission rod 42 is more likely to be damaged due to excessive pushing force. At this time, the tension rod 433 pulls the push block 43 inward under the drive of the push rod 41. The push block 43 also pulls the sliding rod 44 inward. The sliding rod 44 pulls the bottom of the connecting rod 45 to move inward. When the transmission rod 42 moves downward, since it is furthest from the fulcrum, a small pulling force is enough to lift the other end of the transmission rod 42. Therefore, the tension rod 433 causes the two ends of the transmission rod 42 to be subjected to two opposing forces simultaneously, making the transmission rod 42 less prone to damage. It also reduces the pushing force required by the push rod 41 to push the transmission rod 42, making the anti-collision mechanism 4 more stable. When the push block 43 is pushed by the workpiece, the push block 43 pulls the connecting rod 45 downward through the sliding rod 44. The connecting rod 45 then pulls the transmission rod 42 downward, and the other end of the transmission rod 42 is lifted around the fulcrum, causing the push rod 41 to retract into the anti-collision mechanism 4, thereby protecting the push rod 41 and improving the service life of the anti-collision mechanism 4.

[0045] During operation: When the tool 3 begins to process the workpiece from the side, and due to incorrect parameter settings, the feed depth of the tool 3 exceeds the inclined surface of the push rod 41, the workpiece pushes the push block 43 to move along the slide groove 514. The push block 43 drives the sliding rod 44 to slide inside the rectangular slide rail 515. The sliding rod 44 drives the connecting rod 45 to move. The connecting rod 45 pulls the transmission rod 42 downward, while simultaneously causing the push rod 41 to retract into the anti-collision mechanism 4. When the push rod 41 moves upward, the push rod 41 drives the push block 43 to move along the slide groove 514 through the tension rod 433. At the same time, the push block 43 drives the sliding rod 44 to move. The sliding rod 44 drives the connecting rod 45 to move. The connecting rod 45 drives the transmission rod 42 to move downward, thereby reducing the load on the transmission rod 42 and reducing the thrust of the push rod 41 pushing the transmission rod 42.

[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the lower part of the connecting block 46 has multiple circular through holes arranged vertically. These holes are used to adjust the connection position between the transmission rod 42 and the connecting block 46, thereby adjusting the angle between the transmission rod 42 and the horizontal plane. By adjusting the angle between the transmission rod 42 and the horizontal plane, the extension length of the push rod 41 can be adjusted, making the anti-collision mechanism 4 more precise. The upper and lower parts of the connecting block 46 have grooves, and the transmission rod 42 and the guide post 47 are both located in the grooves of the connecting block 46. The cross-section of the connecting block 46 is an "I" shape. The "I" shape effectively controls the rotation direction of the transmission rod 42 and the guide post 47, preventing the transmission rod 42 and the guide post 47 from interfering with each other. The offset affects the operation of the anti-collision mechanism 4. The upper part of the connecting block 46 is pin-connected to the guide post 47, and the upper part of the transmission rod 42 is pin-connected to the bottom of the connecting block 46. A locking block 421 is provided at the top of the transmission rod 42. The top of the transmission rod 42 passes through the groove. The width of the locking block 421 is greater than the width of the groove. When the connecting block 46 is at the highest point, the locking block 421 at the top of the transmission rod 42 locks the transmission rod 42 and the connecting block 46, preventing the connecting block 46 from continuing to drive the transmission rod 42 upward under the action of the spring 483. This causes the transmission rod 42 to continue to drive the push rod 41 to move, causing the push rod 41 to exceed the set extension length, thus causing an error in the anti-collision mechanism 4.

[0047] During operation: The transmission rod 42 drives the connecting block 46 to move downward, and the connecting block 46 drives the guide post 47 to move; when the anti-collision mechanism 4 resets, after the connecting block 46 drives the transmission rod 42 to the top, the top of the transmission rod 42 is raised to the set maximum height, and the locking block 421 locks the connecting block 46 and the transmission rod 42 to prevent the push rod 41 from extending too far, thereby affecting the operation of the anti-collision mechanism 4.

[0048] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the fixing block 48 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide post 47. Two opposing "L"-shaped limiting blocks 481 are provided on the upper part of the fixing block 48. The limiting blocks 481 and the stop block 49 are engaged at three points. Utilizing the arc-shaped structure of the stop block 49, the top and two ends of the stop block 49 are tightly secured within the limiting blocks 481, causing the sliding direction of the stop block 49 to rotate around the center of the arc surface of the stop block 49. Compared to an arc-shaped sliding connection, the three-point engagement does not provide guidance for the sliding of the stop block 49. This makes the stop block 49 more stable and less prone to shaking, thereby improving the stability of the anti-collision mechanism 4. With the stop block 49 fixed, the three-point engagement between the limiting block 481 and the stop block 49 makes it easier to adjust the position of the stop block 49. It can be adjusted simply by rotating around the center of the arc surface of the stop block 49, thus making the adjustment of the anti-collision mechanism 4 more convenient. The bottom of the fixing block 48 has a spring retainer groove 482, which engages with the spring 483. The spring 483 is slidably installed on the outer surface of the guide post 47.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the bottom of the stop block 49 is slidably mounted on the inner wall of the limiting block 481. The cross-section of the stop block 49 is a "T" shape. The "T" shape makes the bottom of the stop block 49 more stable when mounted on the inner wall of the limiting block 481, and makes it less likely to wobble when the stop block 49 moves up and down, thereby reducing the error of the anti-collision mechanism 4. The bottom of the stop block 49 is a fan-shaped structure, and the end face of the stop block 49 is an arc surface. The fan-shaped structure at the bottom of the stop block 49 is engaged with the fixing block 48 at three points, making the stop block 49 more stable. The stability of the stop block 49 can be adjusted by rotating the stop block 49 around the center of the arc surface. Multiple light-transmitting holes 491 are arrayed in a fixed position along the diagonal direction of the arc surface. The baffle 49 is located between the infrared transmitter 536 and the infrared receiver 535. The light-transmitting holes 491 are aligned with the infrared signal in the vertical direction. The infrared signal is connected by the light-transmitting holes. By adjusting the position of the baffle 49, the light-transmitting holes 491 are positioned at different heights between the infrared receiver 535 and the infrared transmitter 536, thereby controlling the descent height of the baffle 49 and the maximum feed depth of the push rod 41, so that the anti-collision mechanism 4 has higher precision.

[0050] During operation: The limiting block 481 fixes the stop block 49, and the fixing block 48 drives the stop block 49 to move downward. When the stop block 49 sinks, it will also drive the light-transmitting hole 491 on the stop block 49 to sink, so that the infrared signal passes through the light-transmitting hole 491, thereby causing the infrared receiver 535 to receive the infrared signal and stop the main shaft 2 from moving. When the anti-collision mechanism resets, the spring 483 at the bottom of the fixing block 48 pushes the fixing block 48 to move upward. The fixing block 48 drives the guide post 47 to move upward. At the same time, the fixing block 48 drives the stop block 49 to move upward. The upward movement of the stop block 49 drives the light-transmitting hole 491 on the stop block 49 to move upward, so that the infrared signal is blocked by the stop block 49.

[0051] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the fixing frame 5 includes: a cross-shaped base 51, an inner cylinder 52, an outer cylinder 53, a top cover 54, and a bearing 55. The cross-shaped base 51 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder 52. The upper part of the inner cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 53, and the upper part of the outer cylinder 53 is fixedly connected to the top cover 54. The cross-shaped base 51 has a disc structure in the middle, and multiple rectangular protrusions are arranged in a circular array on the side. While fixing the anti-collision mechanism 4, the bottom area is reduced, making it easier for the operator to see the working tool 3. The process allows for timely adjustments to the anti-collision mechanism 4. The cross-shaped base 51 has multiple fixing holes 511 arranged in a circumferential array. The push rod 41 is slidably installed within the fixing holes 511, which provide guidance for the push rod 41. The multiple fixing holes 511 allow the anti-collision mechanism 4 to operate in multiple directions, thus improving its practicality. An inclined groove 512 is provided on the outer side of the fixing holes 511 to accommodate the transmission rod 42, increasing the vertical distance between the push rod 41 and the main shaft 2. To prevent the push rod 41 from colliding with the main shaft 2 and damaging the anti-collision mechanism 4, a bracket 513 is provided on the outer side of the inclined groove 512. The bracket 513 is pin-connected to the transmission rod 42, fixing the transmission rod 42 in place. The push rod 41 then pushes one end of the transmission rod 42 to create a lever effect, thereby increasing the range of motion of the other end of the transmission rod 42 and extending the movement distance of the connecting block 46, making the anti-collision mechanism 4 more stable. A circumferential array of grooves 51 is provided at the connection between the disc and the rectangular protrusion. 4. The two ends of the slide groove 514 are arc-shaped structures, and the middle part of the slide groove 514 is a rectangular structure. The arc-shaped structure can engage with the push block 43, increasing the contact area of ​​the push block 43 and increasing the force-bearing area of ​​the push block 43 so that it can withstand more axial loads. The rectangular structure in the middle of the slide groove 514 guides the movement of the push block 43, making the anti-collision mechanism 4 operate more stably. A rectangular slide rail 515 is provided on the outside of the slide groove 514. The top of the rectangular slide rail 515 has a semi-circular groove for engaging with the column 431.

[0052] During operation: the push rod 41 slides in the fixed hole 511, the push rod 41 pushes the transmission rod 42 to move up and down in the inclined groove 512, the bracket 513 supports the rotation of the transmission rod 42, and the push block 43 moves in the sliding groove 514.

[0053] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, the inner cylinder 52 has a cylindrical structure. A "convex" shaped hole is provided on the bottom side of the inner cylinder 52. The "convex" shaped hole is used to allow the push block 43 to move through the inner cylinder 52. The "convex" shaped hole also allows air to circulate inside the inner cylinder 52. During the sliding process of the push block 43, the air exchange speed can be accelerated, preventing air pressure from affecting the anti-collision mechanism 4 and affecting the control accuracy of the anti-collision mechanism 4. Multiple baffles 521 are arranged in a circular array on the side of the inner cylinder 52. The baffles 521 are opposite each other in pairs. Sufficient space is left between the two baffles 521 for the movement of the transmission rod 42. The baffles 521 are used to block chips and prevent chips from hindering the operation of the anti-collision mechanism 4. A disc-shaped connecting plate 522 is provided on the upper part of the inner cylinder 52. A bearing 55 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the inner cylinder 52.

[0054] During operation: the push block 43 and the transmission rod 42 move through the "convex" shaped hole. The transmission rod 42 drives the connecting block 46 to slide between the two baffles 521. The inner cylinder 52 and the baffles 521 block the chips and cutting fluid during the cutting process of the tool 3.

[0055] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the outer cylinder 53 has a cylindrical structure. A ring structure is provided on the upper part of the outer cylinder 53. Multiple guide sleeves 531 are arranged in a ring array on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 53. The inner wall of the guide sleeves 531 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide post 47. Multiple infrared emitters 536 are installed in a ring array on the upper end face of the outer cylinder 53. A disc fixing plate 532 is provided on the inner wall of the upper part of the outer cylinder 53. The inner wall of the disc fixing plate 532 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bearing 55. Multiple sliding holes 533 are arranged in a circumferential array on the disc fixing plate 532. The inner wall of the sliding holes 533 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the guide post 47. Multiple supports are fixedly installed in a circumferential array on the disc fixing plate 532. Block 534, the support block 534 has a rectangular structure, and an infrared receiver 535 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support block 534. The midpoint of the support block 534 and the center of the sliding hole 533 are both located on the axis of the disk fixing plate 532, so that the fixing block 49 and the infrared receiver 535 are on the same axis, which makes it convenient for the infrared signal to pass through the light hole 491 on the fixing block 49 to reach the infrared receiver 535, preventing the anti-collision mechanism 4 from failing to operate normally, thereby making the anti-collision mechanism 4 more stable. The infrared receiver 535 and the infrared transmitter 536 are opposite each other, which improves the accuracy of the infrared transmitter 536 and the infrared receiver 535, making the anti-collision mechanism 4 more accurate.

[0056] During operation: The guide post 47 moves in the guide sleeve 531 on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 53. The guide post 47 drives the stop block 49 to move, so that the infrared signal emitted by the infrared transmitter 536 reaches the infrared receiver 535 located on the support block 534 through the light hole 491 on the stop block 49, so that the infrared receiver 535 transmits the signal and stops the spindle 2 from moving.

[0057] During operation, when the spindle 2 is vertically fed and the parameter settings are incorrect, causing the tool 3 to feed excessively, the push rod 41 pushes the transmission rod 42 to move around the bracket 513. Simultaneously, the push rod 41 pulls the push block 43 via the tension rod 433. The push block 43 drives the sliding rod 44 to move, which in turn pulls the connecting rod 45 downwards. The connecting rod 45 then pulls the transmission rod 42 downwards, which in turn drives the connecting block 46 downwards. The connecting block 46 then pulls the guide post 47 downwards. Simultaneously, as the guide post 47 moves downwards, the fixing block 48 drives the stop block 49 downwards. When the 49 moves downward to a certain depth, the infrared signal emitted from the infrared transmitter 536 passes through the light-transmitting hole 491 on the stop block 49 and reaches the infrared receiver 535. At this time, the infrared receiver 535 transmits the signal to stop the spindle 2 from feeding. When the spindle 2 feeds laterally, and the parameter error causes the tool 3 to feed too much, the push rod 41 is pushed vertically upward by the workpiece through the inclined plane, thereby causing the push rod 41 to push the transmission rod 42 to move. At the same time, the push rod 41 pulls the push block 43 to move through the tension rod 433. The push block 43 drives the sliding rod 44 to move, and the sliding rod 44 pulls the connecting rod 45 downward. The connecting rod 45 pulls the transmission rod 42 downwards, which in turn moves the connecting block 46. The connecting block 46 then moves the guide post 47, which in turn moves the fixed block 48 downwards. Simultaneously, the fixed block 48 moves the stop block 49, allowing the infrared signal to pass through the light hole 491 on the stop block 49 and reach the infrared receiver 535. This causes the infrared receiver 535 to send a signal to stop the spindle 2, thereby controlling the feed depth of the spindle 2. When the tool 3 begins to machine the workpiece from the side, and due to incorrect parameter settings, the feed depth of the tool 3 exceeds the inclined surface of the push rod 41, the workpiece pushes the push block. Push block 43 moves along the direction of slide groove 514. Push block 43 drives sliding rod 44 to slide inside rectangular slide rail 515. Sliding rod 44 drives connecting rod 45 to move. Connecting rod 45 drives transmission rod 42 to move downward. Transmission rod 42 moves downward and drives connecting block 46 to move. Connecting block 46 drives guide post 47 to move. Guide post 47 drives fixed block 48 to move downward. At the same time, fixed block 48 drives stop block 49 to move. Infrared signal is transmitted through light hole 491 on stop block 49 to infrared receiver 535. Infrared receiver 535 sends a signal to stop spindle 2, thereby controlling the maximum feed depth of spindle 2.

[0058] When the anti-collision mechanism 4 resets, the spring 483 pushes the fixed block 48 to move, the fixed block 48 pushes the guide post 47 to move inside the guide sleeve 531, the guide post 47 drives the transmission rod 42 to move, the transmission rod 42 drives the push rod 41 to return to its original position, at the same time the transmission rod 42 drives the connecting rod 45 to move, the connecting rod 45 drives the sliding rod 44 to move, the sliding rod 44 drives the push block 43 to return to its original position, when the transmission rod 42 reaches the highest point, the transmission rod 42 and the bottom of the connecting block 46 are locked, so that the anti-collision mechanism 4 stops moving and returns to its original position.

[0059] The technical features disclosed above are not limited to combinations of those already disclosed with other features. Those skilled in the art can also make other combinations of these technical features according to the purpose of this disclosure, in order to achieve the objectives of this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-precision CNC machine tool, comprising a sleeve (1), a spindle (2), and a cutting tool (3); wherein the spindle (2) is installed inside the sleeve (1), and the cutting tool (3) is installed inside the spindle (2); characterized in that, It also includes an anti-collision mechanism (4) and a fixed frame (5). The anti-collision mechanism (4) is installed inside the fixed frame (5), and the fixed frame (5) is installed on the outer surface of the sleeve (1). The sleeve (1) feeds and drives the anti-collision mechanism (4) to feed. When the anti-collision mechanism (4) is squeezed against the workpiece, the lever is used to make the stop (49) drop so that the infrared signal passes through the stop (49) and thus the infrared signal is transmitted. The infrared signal is used to control the spindle (2) to stop feeding, thereby protecting the spindle (2) and the tool (3). The anti-collision mechanism (4) includes a push rod (41), a transmission rod (42), a push block (43), a sliding rod (44), a connecting rod (45), a connecting block (46), a guide post (47), a fixing block (48), and a stop block (49). The push rod (41) is circumferentially arrayed and slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixed frame (5). One end of the push rod (41) is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission rod (42). The middle part of the transmission rod (42) is installed on the fixed frame (5). The push block (43) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixed frame (5). The push block (43) and the push rod (41) are located on the same axis, and the push block (43) is positioned... Outside the push rod (41), the push block (43) is fixedly connected to one end of the sliding rod (44), and the other end of the sliding rod (44) is rotatably connected to the connecting rod (45). The included angle between the sliding rod (44) and the connecting rod (45) is an obtuse angle. The other end of the connecting rod (45) is rotatably connected to the transmission rod (42). One end of the connecting block (46) is rotatably connected to the other end of the transmission rod (42), and the other end of the connecting block (46) is rotatably connected to the guide post (47). A fixing block (48) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide post (47), and a stop block (49) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the fixing block (48).

2. The high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the push rod (41) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (42). The lower part of the push rod (41) is an inclined plane. The vertical height of the top of the inclined plane is higher than the bottom surface of the push block (43), and the opening of the inclined plane faces outward.

3. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The push block (43) is provided with a column (431) on the top, and a circular through hole is provided on the side of the column (431). The push block (43) is provided with a buffer block (432) at the bottom. The two ends of the push block (43) are semi-circular structures. Pull rods (433) are installed on both sides of the push block (43). One end of the pull rod (433) is rotatably connected to the push rod (41). The angle between the pull rod (433) and the connecting rod (45) is a right angle.

4. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower part of the connecting block (46) has a vertical array of multiple circular through holes. The upper and lower parts of the connecting block (46) have grooves. The transmission rod (42) and the guide post (47) are both located in the grooves of the connecting block (46). The upper part of the connecting block (46) is rotatably connected to the guide post (47). The transmission rod (42) is rotatably connected to the lower part of the connecting block (46). The upper part of the transmission rod (42) has a array of multiple circular through holes. The top of the transmission rod (42) is provided with a locking block (421). The top of the transmission rod (42) passes through the groove. The width of the locking block (421) is greater than the width of the groove.

5. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing block (48) is fixedly installed on the top of the guide post (47). The upper part of the fixing block (48) is provided with two opposing "L"-shaped limiting blocks (481). The limiting blocks (481) are engaged with the stop block (49) at three points. The bottom of the fixing block (48) is provided with a retaining spring groove (482). The retaining spring groove (482) is engaged with a spring (483). The spring (483) is slidably installed on the outer surface of the guide post (47).

6. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the stop (49) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the limiting block (481). The bottom of the stop (49) is a fan-shaped structure, and the end face of the stop (49) is an arc surface. Multiple light-transmitting holes (491) are arrayed along the diagonal direction of the arc surface.

7. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing frame (5) includes: a cross-shaped base (51), an inner cylinder (52), an outer cylinder (53), a top cover (54), and a bearing (55). The cross-shaped base (51) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cylinder (52). The upper part of the inner cylinder (52) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder (53). The upper part of the outer cylinder (53) is fixedly connected to the top cover (54). The bearing (55) is fixedly installed on the inner walls of the inner cylinder (52) and the outer cylinder (53). The cross-shaped base (51) has a disc structure in the middle. Multiple rectangular protrusions are arranged in a circular array on the side of the cross-shaped base (51). Multiple fixing holes (511) are opened in the circular array of the cross-shaped base (51). An inclined groove (512) is opened on the outside of the fixing hole (511). A bracket (513) is arranged on the outside of the inclined groove (512). A sliding groove (514) is opened at the connection between the disc and the rectangular protrusion. A rectangular slide rail (515) is arranged on the outside of the sliding groove (514).

8. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner cylinder (52) has a "convex" shaped hole on its bottom side. Multiple baffles (521) are arranged in a circular array on the side of the inner cylinder (52), and the baffles (521) are opposite to each other. A connecting plate (522) is provided on the upper part of the inner cylinder (52), and a bearing (55) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the inner cylinder (52).

9. A high-precision CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer cylinder (53) is provided with multiple guide sleeves (531), and the inner wall of the upper part of the outer cylinder (53) is provided with a disc fixing plate (532). The inner wall of the disc fixing plate (532) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the bearing (55). Multiple sliding holes (533) are opened on the disc fixing plate (532). Multiple support blocks (534) are fixedly installed in a circumferential array on the disc fixing plate (532). The midpoint of the support block (534) and the center of the sliding hole (533) are both located on the axis of the fixing plate (532). An infrared receiver (535) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the support block (534). Multiple infrared emitters (536) are installed in a ring array on the upper end face of the outer cylinder (53). The infrared emitters (536) and the infrared receivers (535) are opposite each other.

Images