A dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam covering transmissive array antenna based on multi-feed multi-beam technology

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication system electronics, and discloses a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology, which comprises a first parallelly arranged planar feed array and a first planar transmission array, a second parallelly arranged planar feed array and a second planar transmission array, the first planar transmission array contains a plurality of 18GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units and 28GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units arranged periodically in a common aperture, and the second planar transmission array contains a plurality of 19.5GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units and 29.5GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units arranged periodically in a common aperture.The present application adopts an integrated dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized feed array, realizes multi-feed multi-beam coverage, and reduces the crosstalk between beams due to the differences in frequency or polarization between beams, thus having important application prospects in the field of high-throughput satellite communication.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electronic devices for wireless communication systems, and specifically relates to a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna based on multi-feed source multi-beam technology. Background Technology

[0002] Satellite communication technology, especially high-throughput satellite communication technology, is receiving widespread attention, placing higher demands on communication capacity, communication speed, and coverage. The Ka / K band is currently the most widely used high-throughput satellite communication frequency band, with the K band handling downlink transmission and the Ka band handling uplink transmission. To improve the performance of high-throughput satellite communication, a "four-color" beamforming technique is used to achieve frequency and polarization reuse. This technique involves using different frequencies or polarizations between adjacent beams, thus achieving frequency and polarization reuse while minimizing crosstalk between beams. Therefore, dual-frequency, dual-circularly polarized antenna arrays have significant application prospects in high-throughput satellite communication.

[0003] Based on reported literature, antenna arrays achieving dual-frequency dual-circular polarization characteristics mainly fall into two categories: dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antennas and dual-frequency dual-circular polarization transmission array antennas. Existing literature reports several dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antennas, such as a single-functional-layer dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antenna implemented using dynamic phase, rotating phase modulation, and common-aperture arrangement; a dual-functional-layer dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antenna implemented by combining a dual-frequency dual-linear polarization reflective array antenna and a dual-frequency linear-circular polarization converter; and a three-functional-layer dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antenna implemented by combining two dual-circular polarization reflective array antennas operating in different frequency bands and a frequency-selective surface placed between them. However, these dual-frequency dual-circular polarization reflective array antennas all share an unavoidable common problem: feed smothering. Therefore, to avoid feed smothering, some literature has also reported dual-frequency dual-circular polarization transmission array antennas, but these have a large number of metal layers, leading to complex fabrication. Although reported literature has documented antennas with dual-frequency, dual-circular polarization characteristics, there are no reports of their application in high-throughput satellite communications to achieve "four-color" beam coverage performance. To meet the demands of high-throughput satellite communications, further research is needed on dual-frequency, dual-circular polarization transmission array antennas with beam coverage capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical objective: This invention discloses a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed source multi-beam technology, which can meet the antenna requirements of high-throughput satellite communication systems. It utilizes two dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized transmission arrays operating in different frequency bands and multi-feed source technology to achieve multiple beams with different frequencies and polarizations that meet the requirements of the "four-color method".

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology is characterized in that: it includes a first planar feed array and a first planar transmission array arranged in parallel, a second planar feed array and a second planar transmission array arranged in parallel, the first planar feed array and the second planar feed array being located in the same plane, and the first planar transmission array and the second planar transmission array being located in the same plane.

[0007] The first planar transmission array includes multiple 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units and 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units arranged periodically with the same aperture. The second planar transmission array includes multiple 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units and 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units arranged periodically with the same aperture. All 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged within a circular area enclosed by the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units, and all 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged within a circular area enclosed by the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units.

[0008] Preferably, the first planar feed array includes four dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antennas arranged in a 2×2 configuration operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz, and the second planar feed array includes four dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antennas arranged in a 2×2 configuration operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz; each dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antenna adopts the form of a broadband feed network slot-coupled dual-band radiating patch.

[0009] Preferably, the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized feed antenna includes six metal layers, namely, from bottom to top: a first feed metal ground layer, a feed line layer, a feed stripline circuit layer, a second feed metal ground layer, a first feed patch layer, and a second feed patch layer. The first feed metal ground layer and the feed stripline circuit layer are connected by a first feed metal post, the first feed metal ground layer and the second feed metal ground layer are connected by a second feed metal post, and the feed line layer and the feed stripline circuit layer are connected by a third feed metal post.

[0010] The feed source first metal ground plane is a single piece of metal ground plane with two feed lines for connecting connectors; the feed source feed line layer has four "Y"-shaped feed lines for exciting the x-polarized wave of the feed source antenna; the feed source stripline circuit layer consists of a broadband coupler and six broadband power dividers, and has two input ports and eight output ports; the feed source second metal ground plane layer has a cross-shaped slot; the feed source first patch layer includes multiple first patch units, each first patch unit including four patches arranged in a 2×2 pattern; the feed source second patch layer includes multiple second patch units, each second patch unit including sixteen patches arranged in a 4×4 pattern.

[0011] Preferably, the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized feed antenna further includes five substrate layers and four adhesive layers, namely, a first feed substrate layer, a second feed substrate layer, a third feed substrate layer, a fourth feed substrate layer, and a fifth feed substrate layer arranged from bottom to top. There is a first feed adhesive layer between the first feed substrate layer and the second feed substrate layer, a second feed adhesive layer between the second feed substrate layer and the third feed substrate layer, a third feed adhesive layer between the third feed substrate layer and the fourth feed substrate layer, and a fourth feed adhesive layer between the fourth feed substrate layer and the fifth feed substrate layer.

[0012] The first metal ground plane layer of the feed source is disposed below the first substrate layer of the feed source, the feed line layer of the feed source is disposed below the second substrate layer of the feed source, the feed stripline circuit layer of the feed source is disposed above the second substrate layer of the feed source, the second metal ground plane layer of the feed source is disposed above the third substrate layer of the feed source, the first patch layer of the feed source is disposed above the fourth substrate layer of the feed source, and the second patch layer of the feed source is disposed above the fifth substrate layer of the feed source.

[0013] Preferably, the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, and the 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit all include a receiving antenna, a phase-shifting stripline, and a transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are connected by the phase-shifting stripline, and the phase-shifting stripline is 180° out of phase on two orthogonal optical axes.

[0014] Preferably, the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 18GHz, and the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the center point of the square grid with a side length of 18GHz. The period length of the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 0.3 to 0.5 18GHz wavelengths, and the period length of the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 0.5 to 0.8 28GHz wavelengths.

[0015] The 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 19.5GHz, and the 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the center of the square grid with a side length of 19.5GHz. The period length of the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 0.3 to 0.5 19.5GHz wavelengths, and the period length of the 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 0.5 to 0.8 29.5GHz wavelengths.

[0016] Preferably, each phase-shifting unit includes seven metal layers, namely, a first metal layer, a second metal layer, a third metal layer, a fourth metal layer, a fifth metal layer, a sixth metal layer, and a seventh metal layer arranged from bottom to top; wherein, the second metal layer and the sixth metal layer are connected by the first metal pillar of the planar transmission array, and the third metal layer and the seventh metal layer are connected by the second metal pillar of the planar transmission array.

[0017] Among them, the first and seventh metal layers of the planar transmission array both use circular patches with a ±45-degree tangent; the second and sixth metal layers of the planar transmission array both use metal floor layers with orthogonal "I"-shaped slots; the third and fifth metal layers of the planar transmission array both use orthogonal strip-shaped phase shift lines; and the fourth metal layer of the planar transmission array uses a metal floor layer with two circular slots.

[0018] Preferably, the phase-shifting unit further includes six substrate layers and three adhesive layers, namely, a first substrate layer, a second substrate layer, a third substrate layer, a fourth substrate layer, a fifth substrate layer, and a sixth substrate layer arranged from bottom to top; wherein, a first adhesive layer is disposed between the second and third substrate layers, a second adhesive layer is disposed between the third and fourth substrate layers, and a third adhesive layer is disposed between the fourth and fifth substrate layers.

[0019] A first metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed below the first substrate layer of the planar transmission array, a second metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed below the second substrate layer of the planar transmission array, a third metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed below the third substrate layer of the planar transmission array, a fourth metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed below the fourth substrate layer of the planar transmission array, a fifth metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed above the fourth substrate layer of the planar transmission array, a sixth metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed above the fifth substrate layer of the planar transmission array, and a seventh metal layer for planar transmission array is disposed above the sixth substrate layer of the planar transmission array.

[0020] Preferably, the multi-feed, multi-beam configuration is generated as follows: a first planar feed array is excited to form 16 beams with different orientations on the first planar transmission array; a second planar feed array is excited to form 16 beams with different orientations on the second planar transmission array; the resulting 32 beams cover a preset range, and two beams pointing in the same direction are beams with different frequencies and polarizations; both the number of feeds and the number of generated beams are scalable, and the number of generated beams is four times the number of feeds.

[0021] Preferably, the first planar feed array is placed near the focal plane of the first planar transmission array at a vertical distance of F1, and the diameter of the first planar transmission array is D1, where 0.3≤F1 / D1≤1.5. The second planar feed array is placed near the focal plane of the second planar transmission array at a vertical distance of F2, and the diameter of the second planar transmission array is D2, where 0.3≤F2 / D2≤1.5.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covering transmission array antenna based on multi-feed multi-beam technology, the advantages of which are:

[0023] (1) The present invention utilizes an integrated dual-frequency dual-circular polarization feed array to achieve dual-frequency dual-circular polarization beam coverage, thereby avoiding the increased system complexity caused by the frequent replacement and movement of feeds in the traditional method.

[0024] (2) The 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit and 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit proposed in this invention all adopt the form of having a 180-degree phase difference on two orthogonal optical axes, thereby achieving high efficiency of cross circular polarization transmission.

[0025] (3) This invention combines dynamic phase change and rotational phase change to achieve independent control of left-hand circular polarization transmission phase and right-hand circular polarization transmission phase at 18GHz, 19.5GHz, 28GHz and 29.5GHz, that is, to achieve independent control of dual-frequency dual-circular polarization beam.

[0026] (4) The present invention integrates the required low-frequency left / right circular polarization feed and high-frequency left / right circular polarization feed into a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization feed, thereby saving space when realizing multiple feeds and multiple beams, and also reducing the overall profile of the transmission array antenna.

[0027] (5) The transmission array antenna system proposed in this invention only adopts a single-functional layer structure, which has the advantages of low profile and easy integration. The profile of the transmission array is only 0.18λ0. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna based on multi-feed multi-beam technology proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a planar feed array;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view of each metal layer of the planar feed array;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked structure of a planar transmission array;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a top view of each metal layer of the planar transmission array;

[0033] Among them, 1-the first planar feed array, 2-the first planar transmission array, 3-the second planar feed array, and 4-the second planar transmission array;

[0034] 11-First planar feed array antenna element one; 12-First planar feed array antenna element two; 13-First planar feed array antenna element three; 14-First planar feed array antenna element four.

[0035] 21-18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, 22-28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit;

[0036] 31-Second type planar feed array antenna element one; 32-Second type planar feed array antenna element two; 33-Second type planar feed array antenna element three; 34-Second type planar feed array antenna element four;

[0037] 41-19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit, 42-29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit;

[0038] 5a - First substrate layer of planar feed array, 5b - Second substrate layer of planar feed array, 5c - Third substrate layer of planar feed array, 5d - Fourth substrate layer of planar feed array, 5e - Fifth substrate layer of planar feed array, 5f - First adhesive layer of planar feed array, 5g - Second adhesive layer of planar feed array, 5h - Third adhesive layer of planar feed array, 5i - Fourth adhesive layer of planar feed array;

[0039] 5j - Planar feed array first metal ground plane layer, 5k - Planar feed array feed line layer, 5l - Planar feed array stripline network layer, 5m - Planar feed array second metal ground plane layer, 5n - Planar feed array first patch layer, 5o - Planar feed array second patch layer, 5p - Planar feed array first metal pillar, 5q - Planar feed array second metal pillar, 5r - Planar feed array third metal pillar;

[0040] 6a - First substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6b - Second substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6c - Third substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6d - Fourth substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6e - Fifth substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6f - Sixth substrate layer of planar transmission array, 6g - First adhesive layer of planar transmission array, 6h - Second adhesive layer of planar transmission array, 6i - Third adhesive layer of planar transmission array;

[0041] 6j - First metal layer of planar transmission array, 6k - Second metal layer of planar transmission array, 6l - Third metal layer of planar transmission array, 6m - Fourth metal layer of planar transmission array, 6n - Fifth metal layer of planar transmission array, 6o - Sixth metal layer of planar transmission array, 6p - Seventh metal layer of planar transmission array, 6q - First metal pillar of planar transmission array, 6r - Second metal pillar of planar transmission array.

[0042] Figure 6 The transmission coefficient amplitude and transmission phase of dual circularly polarized phase shift units one through four at 18 GHz, 19.5 GHz, 28 GHz, and 29.5 GHz are given. Figure 6 A corresponds to units one through four of the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 6 B corresponds to units one through four of the 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 6 C corresponds to units one through four of the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 6 D corresponds to units one through four of the 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit;

[0043] Figure 7Transmission phase distribution diagrams are presented for 16 states of right-handed circularly polarized 2-bit × left-handed circularly polarized 2-bit formed by rotating dual-circularly polarized phase shift units 1 to 4 at 18 GHz, 19.5 GHz, 28 GHz, and 29.5 GHz respectively, after rotating them by different angles. Figure 7 A corresponds to the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 7 B corresponds to a 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 7 C corresponds to the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit. Figure 7 D corresponds to a 29.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit;

[0044] Figure 8 The 3dB gain profile of the 32 beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna is given.

[0045] Figure 9 The curves showing the calculated gain and axial ratio of the 32 beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna as a function of frequency are presented. Figure 9 A corresponds to the 18GHz feed-driven mode. Figure 9 B corresponds to the 19.5GHz feed excitation. Figure 9 C corresponds to the 28GHz feed excitation. Figure 9 D corresponds to the 29.5GHz feed excitation. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This invention is based on satellite communication applications. Currently, high-throughput satellite communication mostly uses the K / Ka band, with specific frequency ranges of: downlink: 17.7–21.2 GHz; uplink: 27.5–31 GHz. Therefore, based on the above frequency ranges, 18 GHz and 19.5 GHz were selected to form a four-color multiplexing method for downlink, and 28 GHz and 29.5 GHz were selected to form a four-color multiplexing method for uplink.

[0049] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment proposes a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology. It includes a first planar feed array 1 operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz, a first planar transmission array 2 operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz, a second planar feed array 3 operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz, and a second planar transmission array 4 operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz. The first planar feed array 1 and the second planar feed array 3 are collectively referred to as planar feed arrays, and the first planar transmission array 2 and the second planar transmission array 4 are collectively referred to as planar transmission arrays. The first planar feed array 1 is placed near the focal plane of the first planar transmission array 2, and the second planar feed array 3 is placed near the focal plane of the second planar transmission array 4. The diameter of the first planar transmission array 2 is D1, which is set to 243.6 mm here. The vertical distance between the first planar feed 1 and the first transmission array 2 is F1, which is set to 211.4 mm here. The value of F1 / D1 is between 0.3 and 1.5, and is set to 0.87 here. The diameter of the second planar transmission array 4 is D2, which is set to 220.4 mm here. The vertical distance between the second planar feed 3 and the second transmission array 4 is F2, which is set to 211.4 mm here. The value of F2 / D2 is between 0.3 and 1.5, and is set to 0.96 here.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the first planar feed array 1 includes four dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements 11, 12, 13, and 14, arranged in a 2×2 configuration, operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz respectively. Each feed antenna element is a dual-band dual-circular polarization antenna, capable of simultaneously radiating 18 GHz right-hand circularly polarized waves, 18 GHz left-hand circularly polarized waves, and 28 GHz right-hand circularly polarized waves and 28 GHz left-hand circularly polarized waves. The first planar transmission array 2 includes 18 GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift elements 21 and 28 GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift elements 22 arranged in a periodic manner with the same aperture. The 18GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting unit 21 is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 18GHz, and the 28GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting unit 22 is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the center point of the square grid with a side length of 18GHz. The period length of the 18GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting unit 21 is 0.3 to 0.5 18GHz wavelengths, which is set to 5.8mm here, i.e., 0.35 18GHz wavelengths. The period length of the 28GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting unit 22 is 0.5 to 0.8 28GHz wavelengths, which is set to 5.8mm here, i.e., 0.54 28GHz wavelengths.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown, the second planar feed array 3 is similar, comprising four dual-frequency dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements 31, 32, 33, and 34, arranged in a 2×2 configuration, operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz respectively. Each feed antenna element is a dual-frequency dual-circular polarization antenna, capable of simultaneously radiating 19.5 GHz right-hand circularly polarized waves, 19.5 GHz left-hand circularly polarized waves, and 29.5 GHz right-hand circularly polarized waves and 29.5 GHz left-hand circularly polarized waves. The second planar transmission array 4 comprises 19.5 GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift elements 41 and 29.5 GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift elements 42 arranged periodically with the same aperture. The 19.5GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting units 41 are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 19.5GHz, and the 29.5GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting units 42 are arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the center of the square grid with a side length of 19.5GHz. The period length of the 19.5GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting units 41 is 0.3 to 0.5 19.5GHz wavelengths, which is set to 5.8mm here, i.e., 0.38 19.5GHz wavelengths. The period length of the 29.5GHz dual-circular-polarized phase-shifting units 42 is 0.5 to 0.8 29.5GHz wavelengths, which is set to 5.8mm here, i.e., 0.57 29.5GHz wavelengths.

[0052] 1. Planar feed array

[0053] The feed type used in this invention is a dual-frequency, dual-circularly polarized feed, which can significantly reduce the number of feed types required. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the first planar feed array 1 comprises four dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements 11, 12, 13, and 14, arranged in a 2×2 configuration and operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz. The four dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements are identical and arranged in a 2×2 configuration near the focal plane of the first planar transmission array. The dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz employ a dual-band feed network slot-excited dual-band radiating patch configuration. By separately exciting the two feed ports, left-hand circularly polarized wave radiation is generated at 18 GHz and 28 GHz, and right-hand circularly polarized radiation is generated at 18 GHz and 28 GHz.

[0054] like Figure 1As shown, the second planar feed array 3 comprises four dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements 31, 32, 33, and 34, arranged in a 2×2 configuration and operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz. The four dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements are identical and arranged in a 2×2 configuration near the focal plane of the second planar transmission array. The dual-band dual-circular polarization feed antenna elements operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz employ a dual-band feed network slot-excited dual-band radiating element configuration. By separately exciting the two feed ports, left-hand circularly polarized wave radiation is generated at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz, and right-hand circularly polarized radiation is generated at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the planar feed array includes six metal layers, namely, from bottom to top: a first metal ground layer 5j, a feed line layer 5k, a feed stripline circuit layer 5l, a second metal ground layer 5m, a first patch layer 5n, and a second patch layer 5o; wherein, the first metal ground layer 5j and the feed stripline circuit layer 5l are connected by a first metal post 5p, the first metal ground layer 5j and the second metal ground layer 5m are connected by a second metal post 5q, and the feed line layer 5k and the feed stripline circuit layer 5l are connected by a third metal post 5r.

[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the planar feed array also includes five substrate layers and four adhesive layers, namely, feed first substrate layer 5a, feed second substrate layer 5b, feed third substrate layer 5c, feed fourth substrate layer 5d and feed fifth substrate layer 5e arranged from bottom to top; there is a feed first adhesive layer 5f between feed first substrate layer 5a and feed second substrate layer 5b, a feed second adhesive layer 5g between feed second substrate layer 5b and feed third substrate layer 5c, a feed third adhesive layer 5h between feed third substrate layer 5c and feed fourth substrate layer 5d, and a feed fourth adhesive layer 5i between feed fourth substrate layer 5d and feed fifth substrate layer 5e.

[0057] In this embodiment, the first metal ground plane layer 5j of the feed source is disposed below the first substrate layer 5a of the feed source, the feed line layer 5k of the feed source is disposed below the second substrate layer 5b of the feed source, the feed stripline circuit layer 5l of the feed source is disposed above the second substrate layer 5b of the feed source, the second metal ground plane layer 5m of the feed source is disposed above the third substrate layer 5c of the feed source, the first patch layer 5n of the feed source is disposed above the fourth substrate layer 5d of the feed source, and the second patch layer 5o of the feed source is disposed above the fifth substrate layer 5e of the feed source.

[0058] In this embodiment, a planar feed array is used, which not only reduces the overall profile of the transmission array antenna, but also eliminates the need for frequent movement or replacement of the feed when achieving dual-frequency dual-circular polarization beam coverage, thus meeting the integration requirements of multi-frequency multi-polarization systems.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first metal ground plane layer 5j of the feed is a single piece of metal ground plane with two feed lines for connecting connectors; the feed line layer 5k has four "Y"-shaped feed lines used to excite the x-polarized wave of the feed antenna; since the two feed lines cannot be placed on the same layer (overlapping would occur), they are placed on different layers. The feed stripline circuit layer 5l of the planar feed array consists of a broadband coupler and six broadband power dividers. The feed stripline circuit layer 5l has two input ports and eight output ports. When the two input ports of the feed stripline circuit layer 5l are excited respectively, a -90-degree phase difference required for left-hand circular polarization and a 90-degree phase difference required for right-hand circular polarization can be formed at the eight output ports of the feed stripline circuit layer 5l. There is a cross-shaped slot on the second metal ground plane layer 5m of the feed, and the feed stripline circuit layer 5l excites the dual-frequency radiating patch through the cross-shaped slot on the second metal ground plane layer 5m. The first feed patch layer 5n contains four patches arranged in a 2×2 pattern, and the second feed patch layer 5o contains sixteen patches arranged in a 4×4 pattern. The first feed patch layer 5n and the second feed patch layer 5o together form a dual-frequency radiating patch for a planar feed array.

[0060] In this embodiment, both the first planar feed array 1 and the second planar feed array 3 adopt the form of dual-frequency radiating patches excited by dual-frequency feed network slots to form dual-frequency dual-circular polarization radiation characteristics. The difference is that the first planar feed array 1 operates at 18 GHz and 28 GHz, while the second planar feed array 3 operates at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz.

[0061] 2. Planar transmission array

[0062] In this invention, the first planar transmission array 2 includes an 18GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 21 and a 28GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 22; the second planar transmission array 4 includes a 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 41 and a 29.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 42. The 18GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 21, the 28GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 22, the 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 41, and the 29.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase-shifting unit 42 are identical in form, all employing a receiving antenna-phase-shifting stripline-transmitting antenna configuration, with the receiving antenna and transmitting antenna connected via the phase-shifting stripline. This can be achieved through several metal layers arranged from bottom to top, and the antenna structures based on the receiving antenna-phase-shifting-transmitting antenna configuration all adopt a stripline slot-coupled circular patch structure.

[0063] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the planar transmission array comprises seven metal layers, namely, from bottom to top: a first metal layer 6j, a second metal layer 6k, a third metal layer 6l, a fourth metal layer 6m, a fifth metal layer 6n, a sixth metal layer 6o, and a seventh metal layer 6p. The second metal layer 6k and the sixth metal layer 6o are connected by a first metal pillar 6q, and the third metal layer 6l and the seventh metal layer 6p are connected by a second metal pillar 6r.

[0064] like Figure 4 As shown, the planar transmission array also includes six substrate layers and three adhesive layers, namely, the first substrate layer 6a, the second substrate layer 6b, the third substrate layer 6c, the fourth substrate layer 6d, the fifth substrate layer 6e, and the sixth substrate layer 6f arranged from bottom to top; wherein, the first adhesive layer 6g is disposed between the second substrate layer 6b and the third substrate layer 6c, the second adhesive layer 6h is disposed between the third substrate layer 6c and the fourth substrate layer 6d, and the third adhesive layer 6i is disposed between the fourth substrate layer 6d and the fifth substrate layer 6e.

[0065] In this embodiment, a first metal layer 6j of the planar transmission array is disposed below the first substrate layer 6a of the planar transmission array, a second metal layer 6k of the planar transmission array is disposed below the second substrate layer 6b of the planar transmission array, a third metal layer 6l of the planar transmission array is disposed below the third substrate layer 6c of the planar transmission array, a fourth metal layer 6m of the planar transmission array is disposed below the fourth substrate layer 6d of the planar transmission array, a fifth metal layer 6n of the planar transmission array is disposed above the fourth substrate layer 6d of the planar transmission array, a sixth metal layer 6o of the planar transmission array is disposed above the fifth substrate layer 6e of the planar transmission array, and a seventh metal layer 6p of the planar transmission array is disposed above the sixth substrate layer 6f of the planar transmission array.

[0066] like Figure 5As shown, the first metal layer 6j and the seventh metal layer 6p of the planar transmission array both use circular patches with chamfered angles of ±45 degrees. The second metal layer 6k and the sixth metal layer 6o of the planar transmission array both use metal ground planes with orthogonal "I"-shaped slots. The third metal layer 6l and the fifth metal layer 6n of the planar transmission array both use orthogonal strip-shaped phase shift lines. The fourth metal layer 6m of the planar transmission array uses a metal ground plane with two circular slots. In this embodiment, the 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit 21, the 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit 22, the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit 41, and the 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit 42 are identical in form, all using the above-described structure, differing only in size.

[0067] In this embodiment, in order to achieve independent adjustment of both right-hand circularly polarized and left-hand circularly polarized transmission phases at 18GHz, 19.5GHz, 28GHz, and 29.5GHz, four types of phase-shifted units were designed at 18GHz, 19.5GHz, 28GHz, and 29.5GHz, respectively. That is, the four types of units are 45° apart from each other, which enables dynamic phase modulation. Based on this, the four types of units are rotated to introduce a change in the rotation phase, resulting in 16 states of transmission phase with 2 bits of right-hand circular polarization × 2 bits of left-hand circular polarization, thus realizing the purpose of independent modulation of right-hand circularly polarized and left-hand circularly polarized transmission phases.

[0068] Specifically, based on the different phase shift degrees of the dual circular polarization phase shifting units, the specific phase shift values ​​are achieved by changing the lengths of the phase shifting strips of the third metal layer 6l and the fifth metal layer 6n of the planar transmission array. This results in four types of dual circular polarization phase shifting units being sequentially phased by -45°, and they are named Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 1, Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 2, Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 3, and Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 4. After rotating Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 1 and Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 3 around their center by 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°, and rotating Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 2 and Dual Circular Polarization Phase Shifting Unit 4 around their center by 22.5°, 67.5°, 112.5°, and 157.5°, a total of 16 states are formed, consisting of 2 bits of right-hand circular polarization and 2 bits of left-hand circular polarization.

[0069] The phase-shifting unit of this invention is based on a transmission matrix of [1,0; 0,-1]. This means that, in its working mechanism, under x-polarized irradiation, the transmitted wave remains x-polarized; under y-polarized irradiation, the transmitted wave remains y-polarized, and there is a 180-degree phase difference between the x-polarized and y-polarized transmitted waves. This implies that its transmission matrix is ​​[exp(jφ...]. lin ), 0; 0, exp(jφ lin+jπ)], where φ lin The phase is transmitted using linear polarization. Furthermore, the phase shifting unit of this invention employs a stripline slot-coupled patch antenna structure. The stacked structure of the phase shifting unit is simple, significantly reducing the number of metal layers and metal vias.

[0070] In this embodiment, the left-hand / right-hand circularly polarized waves radiated from the planar feed array are first received by the receiving antenna of the dual-circularly polarized phase-shifting unit, then pass through the phase-shifting stripline, and reach the transmitting antenna for further radiation. The phase of the electromagnetic wave is modulated after passing through the phase-shifting stripline, so the radiated electromagnetic wave can point in a predetermined direction. In this embodiment, the circular polarization control precision is set to 2 bits, corresponding to a linear polarization phase control precision of 3 bits. If the circular polarization control precision is set to n (n≥1) bits, the corresponding linear polarization control precision is (n+1) bits.

[0071] In this embodiment, by exciting different feed antennas of the planar feed array, beams with different directions can be obtained. The resulting multiple beams ultimately cover a certain range, and each area within the coverage area has beams operating in different frequency bands and with different polarizations for data uplink and downlink transmission. Furthermore, the beams in different areas within the coverage area have differences in polarization or frequency, which can reduce crosstalk during data transmission between areas.

[0072] In the first planar feed array 1 and the second planar feed array 3 of this invention, the arrangement of each feed antenna element is subject to requirements. Firstly, in the multi-feed multi-beam architecture:

[0073] The farther the feed is from the focal point, the greater the beam shift, and vice versa;

[0074] The farther the feed is from the array, i.e. the larger the focal length, the smaller the beam offset, and vice versa.

[0075] Therefore, in the design of this invention, based on the final desired outcome Figure 8 The specific focal length and position of each feed unit were selected to achieve the desired effect.

[0076] The antenna proposed in this invention is a complete system that can achieve four-color multiplexing of radiation patterns in both uplink and downlink frequency bands of satellite communication. Firstly, the two sets of dual-frequency, dual-circularly polarized transmission array antennas essentially constitute a transmission array antenna system, achieving four-color multiplexing in both uplink and downlink frequency bands of satellite communication. The low frequencies of the first and second transmission arrays are set in the downlink frequency band of satellite communication, while the high frequencies of both transmission arrays are set in the uplink frequency band. Therefore, feed 1 and transmission array 2 operate at the same frequency, forming one set, while feed 3 and transmission array 4 operate at the same frequency, forming another set.

[0077] Figure 6 A provides the transmission coefficient amplitude and transmission phase of the four 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient amplitude of cross-polarization is higher than -2dB and the transmission coefficient amplitude of co-polarization is lower than -15dB in the operating frequency band. The phase difference between each pair of the four 18GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 45°, and the phase shift curves remain parallel in the operating frequency band, ensuring the working unit of the dual circular polarization phase shift unit.

[0078] Figure 6 B provides the transmission coefficient amplitude and transmission phase of the four 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient amplitude of cross-polarization is higher than -2dB and the transmission coefficient amplitude of co-polarization is lower than -15dB within the operating frequency band. The phase difference between each pair of the four 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 45°, and the phase shift curves remain parallel within the operating frequency band, ensuring the working unit of the dual circular polarization phase shift unit.

[0079] Figure 6 C provides the transmission coefficient amplitude and transmission phase of the four 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient amplitude of cross-polarization is higher than -2dB and the transmission coefficient amplitude of co-polarization is lower than -15dB in the operating frequency band. The phase difference between each pair of the four 28GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 45°, and the phase shift curves remain parallel in the operating frequency band, ensuring the working unit of the dual circular polarization phase shift unit.

[0080] Figure 6 D provides the transmission coefficient amplitude and transmission phase of the four 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units. It can be seen that the transmission coefficient amplitude of cross-polarization is higher than -2dB and the transmission coefficient amplitude of co-polarization is lower than -15dB in the operating frequency band. The phase difference between each pair of the four 29.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units is 45°, and the phase shift curves remain parallel in the operating frequency band, ensuring the working unit of the dual circular polarization phase shift unit.

[0081] Figure 7 A shows the transmission phase distribution diagrams of 16 states of 18GHz left-handed circularly polarized 2-bit × right-handed circularly polarized 2-bit after rotating the 18GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units one and three around their center by 0°, 45°, 90° and 135°, and the 18GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units two and four around their center by 22.5°, 67.5°, 112.5° and 157.5°;

[0082] Figure 7B presents the transmission phase distribution diagrams of 16 states of 19.5GHz dual circular polarization 2-bit × right circular polarization 2-bit formed by rotating the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit one and unit three around their center by 0°, 45°, 90° and 135°, and the 19.5GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit two and unit four around their center by 22.5°, 67.5°, 112.5° and 157.5°;

[0083] Figure 7 C presents the transmission phase distribution diagrams of 16 states of 28GHz left-handed circularly polarized 2-bit × right-handed circularly polarized 2-bit, formed by rotating the 28GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units one and three around their center by 0°, 45°, 90° and 135°, and the 28GHz dual-circularly polarized phase shift units two and four around their center by 22.5°, 67.5°, 112.5° and 157.5°;

[0084] Figure 7 D presents the transmission phase distribution diagrams of 16 states of 29.5GHz left-hand circularly polarized 2-bit × right-hand circularly polarized 2-bit, formed by rotating the 29.5GHz dual circularly polarized phase shift units one and three around their center by 0°, 45°, 90° and 135°, and the 29.5GHz dual circularly polarized phase shift units two and four around their center by 22.5°, 67.5°, 112.5° and 157.5°.

[0085] Figure 8 The 3dB gain profiles of the 16 beams generated by the first planar transmission array and the 16 beams generated by the second planar transmission array, totaling 32 beams, are presented in the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna. The desired effect in the proposed transmission array antenna system is as follows: Figure 8 The four-color multiplexing result shown is in Figure 8 The beamwidth remains essentially consistent across all frequency bands. In this invention, all 28GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift units 22 are arranged within a circular region of the 18GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 21, and all 29.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift units 42 are arranged within a circular region of the 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 41. For a dual-frequency transmission array antenna, assuming that the 28GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 22 is enlarged to have a similar aperture to the 18GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 21 (or the 29.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 42 is enlarged to have a similar aperture to the 19.5GHz dual-circular polarization phase shift unit 41), the beamwidth at the high frequency (22; 42) will inevitably narrow due to the different directivity coefficients in the two frequency bands, thus preventing the achievement of the desired beamwidth. Figure 8 The effect shown is that the aperture of the high-frequency (22; 42) unit is reduced to achieve a beamwidth that is nearly identical for both high and low frequencies.

[0086] Figure 9 A shows the curves of gain and axial ratio of the eight 18 GHz beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna as a function of frequency. It can be seen that the 2 dB gain bandwidth of the generated 18 GHz beams is about 11%, and the axial ratio within this bandwidth is all below 2 dB.

[0087] Figure 9 B shows the gain and axial ratio curves of the eight 19.5 GHz beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna as a function of frequency. It can be seen that the 2 dB gain bandwidth of the generated 19.5 GHz beams is about 11%, and the axial ratio within this bandwidth is all below 2.5 dB.

[0088] Figure 9 C shows the curves of gain and axial ratio of the eight 28 GHz beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna as a function of frequency. It can be seen that the 2 dB gain bandwidth of the generated 28 GHz beams is about 6%, and the axial ratio within this bandwidth is all less than 3 dB.

[0089] Figure 9 D shows the gain and axial ratio curves of the eight 29.5 GHz beams generated by the dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna as a function of frequency. It can be seen that the 2 dB gain bandwidth of the generated 29.5 GHz beams is about 6%, and the axial ratio within this bandwidth is all below 3 dB.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, a total of 32 circularly polarized beams are generated using feed 1, which contains four feed elements, and feed 3, which also contains four feed elements. Both feed 1 and feed 3 can contain more feed elements to achieve more beams. For example, assuming each feed 1 and feed 3 contains eight feed elements, 64 beams can be generated.

[0091] In summary, this invention provides a dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna based on multi-feed multi-beam technology. This transmission array antenna has advantages such as low profile and easy integration. It can provide dual-frequency dual-circular polarization, high gain, low axial ratio, low gain jitter, and independent controllable circularly polarized beams. Furthermore, the 32 beams generated can cover a certain range, achieving "four-color" beam coverage. It has important application prospects in future mobile communications, satellite communications, especially high-throughput satellite communications.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covering transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology, characterized in that: It includes a first planar feed array (1) and a first planar transmission array (2) arranged in parallel, a second planar feed array (3) and a second planar transmission array (4) arranged in parallel, the first planar feed array (1) and the second planar feed array (3) are located in the same plane, and the first planar transmission array (2) and the second planar transmission array (4) are located in the same plane. The first planar transmission array (2) includes multiple 18 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (21) and 28 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (22) arranged in a periodic manner with the same aperture. The second planar transmission array (4) includes multiple 19.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (41) and 29.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (42) arranged in a periodic manner with the same aperture. All 28 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (22) are arranged in a circular area enclosed by the 18 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (21), and all 29.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (42) are arranged in a circular area enclosed by the 19.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift units (41). The first planar feed array (1) includes four dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antennas (11; 12; 13; 14) arranged in a 2×2 configuration and operating at 18 GHz and 28 GHz. The second planar feed array (3) includes four dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antennas (31; 32; 33; 34) arranged in a 2×2 configuration and operating at 19.5 GHz and 29.5 GHz. Each dual-band dual-circular polarized feed antenna adopts the form of a broadband feed network slot-coupled dual-band radiating patch. The first planar feed array (1) is placed near the focal plane of the first planar transmission array (2), with a vertical distance of F1 from the first planar transmission array (2) and a diameter of D1, where 0.3≤F1 / D1≤1.

5. The second planar feed array (3) is placed near the focal plane of the second planar transmission array (4), with a vertical distance of F2 from the second planar transmission array (4) and a diameter of D2, where 0.3≤F2 / D2≤1.

5.

2. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized feed antenna includes six metal layers, namely, from bottom to top: a first metal ground layer (5j), a feed line layer (5k), a feed stripline circuit layer (5l), a second metal ground layer (5m), a first patch layer (5n), and a second patch layer (5o). The first metal ground layer (5j) and the feed stripline circuit layer (5l) are connected by a first metal post (5p), the first metal ground layer (5j) and the second metal ground layer (5m) are connected by a second metal post (5q), and the feed line layer (5k) and the feed stripline circuit layer (5l) are connected by a third metal post (5r). The first metal ground plane layer (5j) of the feed source is a single piece of metal ground plane with two feed lines for connecting connectors; the feed line layer (5k) has four "Y"-shaped feed lines for exciting the feed source antenna. x Polarized wave; The feed stripline circuit layer (5l) consists of a broadband coupler and six broadband power dividers. The feed stripline circuit layer (5l) has two input ports and eight output ports. The feed second metal ground plane layer (5m) has a cross-shaped slot. The feed first patch layer (5n) contains multiple first patch units, each of which includes four patches arranged in a 2×2 pattern. The feed second patch layer (5o) contains multiple second patch units, each of which includes sixteen patches arranged in a 4×4 pattern.

3. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dual-frequency dual-circular polarized feed antenna further includes five substrate layers and four bonding layers, namely, a first feed substrate layer (5a), a second feed substrate layer (5b), a third feed substrate layer (5c), a fourth feed substrate layer (5d), and a fifth feed substrate layer (5e) arranged from bottom to top. Among them, there is a first feed bonding layer (5f) between the first feed substrate layer (5a) and the second feed substrate layer (5b), a second feed bonding layer (5g) between the second feed substrate layer (5b) and the third feed substrate layer (5c), a third feed bonding layer (5h) between the third feed substrate layer (5c) and the fourth feed substrate layer (5d), and a fourth feed bonding layer (5i) between the fourth feed substrate layer (5d) and the fifth feed substrate layer (5e). The first metal ground plane layer (5j) of the feed source is disposed below the first substrate layer (5a) of the feed source, the feed line layer (5k) is disposed below the second substrate layer (5b) of the feed source, the feed stripline circuit layer (5l) is disposed above the second substrate layer (5b) of the feed source, the second metal ground plane layer (5m) of the feed source is disposed above the third substrate layer (5c) of the feed source, the first patch layer (5n) of the feed source is disposed above the fourth substrate layer (5d) of the feed source, and the second patch layer (5o) of the feed source is disposed above the fifth substrate layer (5e) of the feed source.

4. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam-covered transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 18 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (21), 28 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (22), 19.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (41) and 29.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (42) all include a receiving antenna, a phase shifting stripline and a transmitting antenna. The receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are connected by the phase shifting stripline, and the phase shifting stripline is 180° out of phase on two orthogonal optical axes. The transmission matrix form based on each phase shift unit is [1, 0; 0, -1], that is, when an x-polarized wave is incident, an x-polarized wave is emitted; when a y-polarized wave is incident, a y-polarized wave is emitted, and the phase difference between the x-polarized and y-polarized waves is 180°.

5. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 18 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (21) is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 18 GHz period, and the 28 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (22) is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern on the center point of a square grid with a side length of 18 GHz period. The period length of the 18 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (21) is 0.3~0.5 18 GHz wavelengths, and the period length of the 28 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (22) is 0.5~0.8 28 GHz wavelengths. The 19.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (41) is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the vertices of a square grid with a side length of 19.5 GHz, and the 29.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (42) is arranged in a two-dimensional periodic pattern at the center point of the square grid with a side length of 19.5 GHz. The period length of the 19.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (41) is 0.3~0.5 19.5 GHz wavelengths, and the period length of the 29.5 GHz dual circular polarization phase shift unit (42) is 0.5~0.8 29.5 GHz wavelengths.

6. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each phase-shifting unit comprises seven metal layers, namely, from bottom to top: a first metal layer (6j) of planar transmission array, a second metal layer (6k) of planar transmission array, a third metal layer (6l) of planar transmission array, a fourth metal layer (6m) of planar transmission array, a fifth metal layer (6n) of planar transmission array, a sixth metal layer (6o) of planar transmission array, and a seventh metal layer (6p) of planar transmission array; wherein, the second metal layer (6k) and the sixth metal layer (6o) of planar transmission array are connected by a first metal pillar (6q) of planar transmission array, and the third metal layer (6l) and the seventh metal layer (6p) of planar transmission array are connected by a second metal pillar (6r) of planar transmission array; Among them, the first metal layer (6j) and the seventh metal layer (6p) of the planar transmission array both use circular patches with a chamfer of ±45 degrees. The second metal layer (6k) and the sixth metal layer (6o) of the planar transmission array both use metal floor layers with orthogonal "I" shaped slots. The third metal layer (6l) and the fifth metal layer (6n) of the planar transmission array both use orthogonal strip-shaped phase shift lines. The fourth metal layer (6m) of the planar transmission array uses a metal floor layer with two circular slots.

7. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: The phase shifting unit further includes six substrate layers and three adhesive layers, namely, a first substrate layer (6a), a second substrate layer (6b), a third substrate layer (6c), a fourth substrate layer (6d), a fifth substrate layer (6e), and a sixth substrate layer (6f) of planar transmission array arranged from bottom to top; wherein, a first adhesive layer (6g) of planar transmission array is disposed between the second substrate layer (6b) and the third substrate layer (6c), a second adhesive layer (6h) of planar transmission array is disposed between the third substrate layer (6c) and the fourth substrate layer (6d), and a third adhesive layer (6i) of planar transmission array is disposed between the fourth substrate layer (6d) and the fifth substrate layer (6e); A first metal layer (6j) for the planar transmission array is disposed below the first substrate layer (6a), a second metal layer (6k) for the planar transmission array is disposed below the second substrate layer (6b), a third metal layer (6l) for the planar transmission array is disposed below the third substrate layer (6c), a fourth metal layer (6m) for the planar transmission array is disposed below the fourth substrate layer (6d), a fifth metal layer (6n) for the planar transmission array is disposed above the fourth substrate layer (6d), a sixth metal layer (6o) for the planar transmission array is disposed above the fifth substrate layer (6e), and a seventh metal layer (6p) for the planar transmission array is disposed above the sixth substrate layer (6f).

8. The dual-frequency dual-circularly polarized beam coverage transmission array antenna system based on multi-feed multi-beam technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following method is used to generate multiple feed sources and multiple beams: the first planar feed array (1) is excited to form 16 beams with different directions on the first planar transmission array (2), the second planar feed array (3) is excited to form 16 beams with different directions on the second planar transmission array (4), and the generated 32 beams cover a preset range, and the two beams pointing in the same direction are beams with different frequencies and different polarizations. Both the number of feed sources and the number of beams generated can be expanded, and the number of beams generated is four times the number of feed sources.

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