One-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method and a storage medium. The method is characterized in that a one-dimensional coding pattern is designed to modulate a target image row by row to obtain a transformed coefficient of each row of the target image, that is, a one-dimensional spectrum, and finally the target image is reconstructed row by row through inverse transformation. Each row of the image is modulated by using the same set of one-dimensional coding patterns, so that the number of required one-dimensional patterns is greatly reduced, and the throughput of the system is reduced. The method greatly reduces the time and memory consumption of the preset pattern of the single-pixel imaging system, can reconstruct a high-resolution target image under a high sampling ratio, and can obtain more image details and a higher-quality target image.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of scanning and detection technology, specifically to a one-dimensional modulated high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method, device, and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] Imaging resolution and rate of a single pixel have always been two major problems limiting the application of single pixels. Most existing high-resolution single-pixel imaging is achieved at ultra-low sampling ratios, which sacrifices image quality. Some high-resolution imaging methods employ prior techniques to achieve large-scale single-pixel imaging, but these require extensive prior statistics and complex algorithms. Furthermore, ensuring the quality of single-pixel reconstruction at high resolution often requires more measurements and more memory. Due to the limited memory of spatial light modulators and the time required to load large numbers of coded patterns, high-resolution single-pixel imaging at high sampling rates has not yet been achieved.

[0003] Existing high-resolution single-pixel imaging technologies are limited by imaging time and memory write speed, so they usually use extremely low sampling ratios to obtain high-resolution target images. However, the low sampling ratio strategy leads to the loss of image details and a reduction in quality.

[0004] Current methods for proposing traditional high-resolution single-pixel imaging are limited by the resolution of spatial light modulators. The demand for high resolution means higher-resolution spatial light modulators, making high-resolution single-pixel imaging expensive and subject to significant technological limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention proposes a one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method, device, and storage medium, which can at least solve one of the technical problems in the background art. The one-dimensional encoding method proposed in this invention reduces the system's requirement for the number of preset modulation patterns, thereby reducing the time and memory required for pattern loading. This method is not limited by the resolution of the spatial light modulator and, theoretically, can be used with a mobile device to achieve arbitrary resolution in the scanning direction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Use computer design to generate a one-dimensional single-pixel encoded substrate pattern;

[0009] S2. Project a set of pre-loaded one-dimensional substrate patterns onto the first row of the target image through a spatial light modulator;

[0010] S3. The target image moves in a straight line at a constant speed, so that the projection pattern and the target object form relative motion. This one-dimensional pattern is repeatedly projected to scan and modulate the target object line by line.

[0011] S4. The single-pixel detector collects the light intensity information reflected by the target after it is modulated by the projected pattern, and forms a one-dimensional electrical signal which is transmitted to the computer through the data acquisition card.

[0012] S5. By performing reconstruction calculations on the collected one-dimensional signals, the one-dimensional spectrum of the target can be obtained. After splicing, the two-dimensional spectrum of the target can be obtained. After inverse transformation, the image can be reconstructed.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the one-dimensional single-pixel encoded pattern is generated by one of the following methods: Hadamard transform, Fourier transform, wavelet transform, or random speckle pattern.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, a one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is used to design and generate a one-dimensional Fourier basis pattern using a computer, including:

[0015] To obtain the Fourier coefficients, the one-dimensional Fourier basis mode is projected line by line onto the target scene, and then a single-pixel detector is used to detect the light intensity signal.

[0016] The one-dimensional discrete forward and inverse Fourier transforms are expressed as:

[0017]

[0018]

[0019] in Represents the target sequence. Let be the rectangular coordinates of the sequence elements. The sequence is the transformed Fourier domain. Represents the integer frequency in the Fourier domain. Indicates the length of the sequence;

[0020] The Fourier modulation pattern designed using one-dimensional Fourier transform is represented as follows:

[0021]

[0022] in It is the average light intensity. It's about contrast.

[0023] A series of modulation patterns generated by formula (3) are projected onto the target object using a spatial light modulator, and a single-pixel detector collects the light intensity signal reflected from the object; when the object is illuminated using the newly designed modulation pattern, the acquired spectral coefficients are calculated by the following formula,

[0024]

[0025] in The light intensity collected by the four-step phase-shifting method; the target image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the obtained one-dimensional Fourier spectrum row by row.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S1, when using a computer to design and generate a one-dimensional Hadamard base pattern based on a one-dimensional Hadamard transform, the steps include:

[0027] The expressions for the forward and inverse transforms of the one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform are as follows:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] The Hadama matrix Represented as:

[0031]

[0032] Each row of the N-order Hadamard matrix Each row of the target image is modulated sequentially as a modulation pattern. For differential Hadamard, the one-dimensional Hadamard modulation pattern is represented as:

[0033]

[0034]

[0035] Collection process , Measurement of reflected light intensity after illumination The target number can then be obtained. Hadamard coefficient of the row :

[0036]

[0037] The Hadamard coefficients for each row can be obtained by repeatedly projecting the image row by row, and the image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Hadamard transform.

[0038] In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method described above.

[0039] In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the method described above.

[0040] As described above, this invention proposes a one-dimensional single-pixel imaging (1D-SPI) technology that reconstructs high-quality images with 100% sampling rate (SR) and extremely low data throughput, even surpassing the full resolution of a spatial light modulator (SLM). Compared to traditional two-dimensional single-pixel imaging methods, this method requires only about one-thousandth the number of coded patterns, significantly reducing the need for massive storage capacity and the time required to load these patterns. Furthermore, the resolution of traditional two-dimensional single-pixel imaging depends on the resolution of the modulation pattern, which is limited by the spatial light modulator. The one-dimensional scanning imaging method of this invention is not limited in resolution along the scanning direction, enabling single-pixel imaging exceeding the resolution of a spatial light modulator. This invention holds great promise for applications such as industrial inspection and satellite remote sensing.

[0041] The one-dimensional encoding method proposed in this invention achieves high sampling ratio imaging of a single pixel through line-by-line scanning, repeatedly projecting a set of encoded patterns. This reduces memory and time consumption by an order of magnitude compared to megapixel reconstruction. Theoretically, the method proposed in this invention is unrestricted in the scanning direction, meaning it overcomes the limitation of spatial light modulator resolution in a specific direction. Furthermore, while traditional single-pixel imaging typically has a square field of view, the one-dimensional scanning imaging method achieves wide-field, high-resolution rectangular imaging, making single-pixel imaging more practical in fields such as industrial inspection and satellite imaging.

[0042] In summary, this method, starting from one-dimensional Fourier transform and one-dimensional Hadamard transform, meticulously designs two types of one-dimensional coded projection patterns to perform scanning modulation on the imaging target. Simultaneously, it significantly reduces the number of pre-loaded projection patterns, thereby reducing system time and memory consumption. High resolution is achieved at 100% sampling rate, ensuring high-quality imaging results at the megapixel level. Furthermore, the one-dimensional scanning method eliminates the limitation of single-pixel imaging resolution by the scanning direction, overcoming the limitations imposed on imaging by spatial light modulator resolution.

[0043] Compared with traditional single-pixel imaging, which sacrifices image quality to obtain high-resolution targets using methods such as compressed sensing, the method proposed in this invention greatly reduces the time and memory consumption of the preset pattern in the single-pixel imaging system. It can reconstruct high-resolution target images at high sampling ratios to obtain more image details and higher quality target images.

[0044] Furthermore, existing high-resolution single-pixel imaging is often limited by the resolution of spatial light modulators. Pursuing even higher resolution means expensive hardware costs and significant technological constraints. The method proposed in this invention overcomes the limitations of modulators in the scanning direction, reducing hardware requirements. It is more suitable for practical applications requiring imaging with wide and long fields of view. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 The following is a simulation result diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 These are the experimental results of the high-resolution one-dimensional single pixel proposed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is an experimental scene diagram of the one-dimensional encoding scheme proposed in this invention at a resolution of 1540×1024. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, unlike traditional two-dimensional single-pixel imaging, the high-sampling-ratio, high-resolution one-dimensional single-pixel imaging proposed in this embodiment uses a carefully designed series of one-dimensional coded modulation patterns. The target image is modulated row by row to obtain the coefficients of each transformed row, i.e., the one-dimensional spectrum. Finally, the target image is reconstructed row by row through inverse transformation. The coded patterns are designed using one-dimensional Fourier transform and one-dimensional Hadamard transform, respectively. Each row of the image is modulated using the same set of one-dimensional coded patterns, significantly reducing the number of required one-dimensional patterns and thus lowering the system throughput.

[0052] Specifically, it includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Use computer design to generate a one-dimensional single-pixel encoded substrate pattern;

[0054] S2. Project a set of pre-loaded one-dimensional substrate patterns onto the first row of the target image through a spatial light modulator;

[0055] S3. The target image moves in a straight line at a constant speed, so that the projection pattern and the target object form relative motion. This one-dimensional pattern is repeatedly projected to scan and modulate the target object line by line.

[0056] S4. The single-pixel detector collects the light intensity information reflected by the target after it is modulated by the projected pattern, and forms a one-dimensional electrical signal which is transmitted to the computer through the data acquisition card.

[0057] S5. By performing reconstruction calculations on the collected one-dimensional signals, the one-dimensional spectrum of the target can be obtained. After splicing, the two-dimensional spectrum of the target can be obtained. After inverse transformation, the image can be reconstructed.

[0058] In fact, in step S1, the one-dimensional single-pixel encoded pattern is generated by one of the following methods: Hadamard transform, Fourier transform, wavelet transform, or random speckle.

[0059] The following are explanations:

[0060] The high-resolution imaging technology proposed in this invention includes two schemes: one-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging (1D-FSI) and one-dimensional Hadamard single-pixel imaging (1D-HSI).

[0061] Option 1: One-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging (1D-FSI)

[0062] The principle of one-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging is mainly based on the one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform. In order to obtain the Fourier coefficients, the one-dimensional Fourier basis modes are projected line by line onto the target scene, and then a single-pixel detector is used to detect the light intensity signal.

[0063] The one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform can be expressed as:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] in Represents the target sequence. Let be the rectangular coordinates of the sequence elements. The sequence is the transformed Fourier domain. Represents the integer frequency in the Fourier domain. Indicates the length of the sequence.

[0067] The Fourier modulation pattern designed using one-dimensional Fourier transform can be represented as:

[0068]

[0069] in It is the average light intensity. It's about contrast.

[0070] A series of modulation patterns generated by formula (3) are projected onto the target object using a spatial light modulator, and a single-pixel detector collects the light intensity signal reflected from the object. When the object is illuminated using the newly designed modulation pattern, the obtained spectral coefficients can be calculated by the following formula:

[0071]

[0072] in The light intensity is collected using a four-step phase-shifting method. The target image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the obtained one-dimensional Fourier spectrum row by row.

[0073] Option 2: One-dimensional Hadamard single-pixel imaging (1D-HSI)

[0074] The principle of one-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging is mainly based on the one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform. Its forward and inverse transform expressions are as follows:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] The Hadama matrix It can be represented as:

[0078]

[0079] Each row of the N-order Hadamard matrix Each row of the target image is modulated sequentially as a modulation pattern. For differential Hadamard, the one-dimensional Hadamard modulation pattern can be represented as:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] Collection process , Measurement of reflected light intensity after illumination The target number can then be obtained. Hadamard coefficient of the row :

[0083]

[0084] The Hadamard coefficients for each row can be obtained by repeatedly projecting the image row by row, and the image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Hadamard transform.

[0085] Traditional 2D single-pixel imaging requires 4M×N (using FSI) and 2M×N (using HSI) projection patterns to reconstruct a target with a resolution of M×N at full sampling ratio. However, the two schemes proposed in this invention only require loading 4N (using 1D-FSI) and 2N (using 1D-HSI) projection patterns, significantly reducing the preset time and loading memory requirements of the high-resolution single-pixel imaging system. Furthermore, the M resolution in the scanning direction is unlimited, and the imaging resolution is not limited to the traditional 2D N×N.

[0086] The apparatus of the high-resolution single-pixel imaging system of the present invention is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, a spatial light modulator projects a one-dimensional modulation pattern onto a row of the target object. The target object is driven by a motor to move in a straight line, thus forming a scanning motion between the projected pattern and the target object. The one-dimensional light intensity signal reflected from the object is detected by a single-pixel detector and converted into an electrical signal. The data acquisition card inputs the acquired one-dimensional signal into a computer, and the corresponding reconstruction algorithm directly reconstructs the image of the object.

[0087] Figure 3 The simulation results of the high-resolution one-dimensional single pixel proposed in this invention are shown. Simulation results for a 1280×1024 image show that both one-dimensional encoding schemes exhibit good performance at a sampling ratio of 0.3. However, one-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging (1D-FSI) introduces jitter error during binarization of the grayscale projection pattern, resulting in vertical artifacts in the reconstruction results. Furthermore, when the sampling ratio is reduced to 0.05, one-dimensional Hadamard single-pixel imaging (1D-HSI) exhibits pixelation.

[0088] Figure 4 Experimental results of the high-resolution one-dimensional single-pixel imaging proposed in this invention are shown, with a target image resolution of 329×256. The image quality demonstrates that one-dimensional Fourier single-pixel imaging and one-dimensional Hadamard single-pixel imaging can reconstruct high-quality target images at full sampling ratio.

[0089] Figure 5 The image shows an experimental scene of the proposed one-dimensional encoding scheme at a resolution of 1540×1024, where the 1D-FSI results are significantly affected by jitter errors. This invention uses two no-reference image quality scores, the Natural Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE) and the Perception-Based Image Quality Evaluator (PIQE), to evaluate the results of 1D-FSI and 1D-HSI. Lower scores indicate better perceived image quality, and the score evaluation results are consistent with the observation results.

[0090] Tests and estimations of this invention show that reconstructing a 1024 × 1024 resolution image at a sampling ratio of 1 using conventional two-dimensional single-pixel imaging methods requires 300 GB of memory and 70 hours to generate the projected pattern, which is infeasible for commercial spatial light modulator modules. In contrast, the one-dimensional single-pixel imaging (1D-SPI) technology of this invention uses only 400 MB of memory and 97 seconds (using a desktop computer with an Intel Core i7-11700 K CPU and 64 GB of RAM). This demonstrates that the solution of this invention reduces the memory usage and time consumption of pre-loaded patterns by nearly three orders of magnitude.

[0091] Meanwhile, the one-dimensional single-pixel imaging base mode used in the embodiments of the present invention can be a base pattern such as Hadamard, Fourier and Wavelet;

[0092] The motion can be achieved by projecting a fixed pattern onto a moving target, or by using a spatial light modulator to scan a moving pattern onto a stationary target.

[0093] Projection devices can use various spatial light modulators such as projectors, LCDs, and DMDs to modulate the projected pattern;

[0094] Photodetectors can be replaced by photoelectric devices such as photovoltaic cells and photodiodes that respond to light intensity information.

[0095] The one-dimensional scanning single-pixel imaging system device of the present invention can adopt a passive structural imaging method.

[0096] In summary, the key point of this invention is the proposal of a one-dimensional single-pixel imaging method that can even surpass the resolution of spatial light modulators. This method, starting from one-dimensional Fourier transform and one-dimensional Hadamard transform, meticulously designs two one-dimensional coded projection patterns to perform scanning modulation on the imaging target. Simultaneously, it significantly reduces the number of pre-loaded projection patterns, thereby reducing system time and memory consumption. High resolution is achieved at 100% sampling rate, thus ensuring high-quality imaging results at the megapixel level. Furthermore, the one-dimensional scanning method eliminates the limitation of single-pixel imaging resolution by the scanning direction, overcoming the limitations imposed by spatial light modulator resolution.

[0097] Compared with traditional single-pixel imaging, which sacrifices image quality to obtain high-resolution targets using methods such as compressed sensing, the method proposed in this invention greatly reduces the time and memory consumption of the preset pattern in the single-pixel imaging system. It can reconstruct high-resolution target images at high sampling ratios to obtain more image details and higher quality target images.

[0098] Furthermore, existing high-resolution single-pixel imaging is often limited by the resolution of spatial light modulators. Pursuing even higher resolution means expensive hardware costs and significant technological constraints. The method proposed in this invention overcomes the limitations of modulators in the scanning direction, reducing hardware requirements. It is more suitable for practical applications requiring imaging with wide and long fields of view.

[0099] In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method described above.

[0100] In another aspect, the present invention also discloses a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the method described above.

[0101] In another embodiment provided in this application, a computer program product containing instructions is also provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any of the one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging methods described in the above embodiments.

[0102] It is understood that the system provided in the embodiments of the present invention corresponds to the method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, and the explanation, examples and beneficial effects of the relevant content can be referred to the corresponding parts of the above method.

[0103] This application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via the communication bus.

[0104] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0105] When the processor executes the program stored in the memory, it implements the above-mentioned one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method.

[0106] The communication bus mentioned in the aforementioned electronic devices can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. This communication bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc.

[0107] The communication interface is used for communication between the aforementioned electronic devices and other devices.

[0108] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk storage device. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor.

[0109] The processors mentioned above can be general-purpose processors, including central processing units (CPUs), network processors (NPs), etc.; they can also be digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components.

[0110] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (SSD)).

[0111] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0112] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a related manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the method embodiments.

[0113] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1. Use computer design to generate a one-dimensional single-pixel encoded substrate pattern; S2. Project a set of pre-loaded one-dimensional substrate patterns onto the first row of the target image through a spatial light modulator; S3. The target image moves in a straight line at a constant speed, so that the projection pattern and the target object form relative motion. This one-dimensional pattern is repeatedly projected to scan and modulate the target object line by line. S4. The single-pixel detector collects the light intensity information reflected by the target after it is modulated by the projected pattern, and forms a one-dimensional electrical signal which is transmitted to the computer through the data acquisition card. S5. The collected one-dimensional signal is reconstructed to obtain the target's one-dimensional spectrum. After splicing, the target's two-dimensional spectrum is obtained. After inverse transformation, the image can be reconstructed. In step S1, the one-dimensional single-pixel encoded pattern is generated by one of the following methods: Hadamard transform, Fourier transform, wavelet transform, or random speckle. In step S1, a one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform is used to design and generate a one-dimensional Fourier basis pattern using a computer. Includes the following steps, To obtain the Fourier coefficients, the one-dimensional Fourier basis mode is projected line by line onto the target scene, and then a single-pixel detector is used to detect the light intensity signal. The one-dimensional discrete forward and inverse Fourier transforms are expressed as: in Represents the target sequence. Let be the rectangular coordinates of the sequence elements. The sequence is the transformed Fourier domain. Represents the integer frequency in the Fourier domain. Indicates the length of the sequence; The Fourier modulation pattern designed using one-dimensional Fourier transform is represented as follows: in It is the average light intensity. It's about contrast. A series of modulation patterns generated by formula (3) are projected onto the target object using a spatial light modulator, and a single-pixel detector collects the light intensity signal reflected from the object; when the object is illuminated using the newly designed modulation pattern, the acquired spectral coefficients are calculated by the following formula, in The light intensity collected by the four-step phase-shifting method; the target image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the obtained one-dimensional Fourier spectrum row by row.

2. The one-dimensional modulation high-resolution scanning single-pixel imaging method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When using a computer to design and generate a one-dimensional Hadamard base pattern using a one-dimensional Hadamard transformation in step S1, the steps are as follows: The expressions for the forward and inverse transforms of the one-dimensional discrete Fourier transform are as follows: The Hadama matrix Represented as: Each row of the N-order Hadamard matrix Each row of the target image is modulated sequentially as a modulation pattern. For differential Hadamard, the one-dimensional Hadamard modulation pattern is represented as: Collection process , Measurement of reflected light intensity after irradiation The target number can then be obtained. Hadamard coefficient of the row : The Hadamard coefficients for each row can be obtained by repeatedly projecting the image row by row, and the image can be reconstructed by performing an inverse Hadamard transform.

3. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method as described in claim 1 or 2.

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