An engine fuel injector carbon deposit experimental device

Abstract

The application discloses an engine fuel injector carbon deposition experimental device, and relates to the technical field of automobile engines, and solves the problem of experimental conditions of direct injection gasoline engine fuel injector carbon deposition, which comprises a fuel injector, an oil supply system and a fuel injection control system connected with the fuel injector, a carbon deposition heating block, a carbon deposition connecting piece, a carbon deposition oil storage tank and a temperature control system, the fuel injector is inserted into the carbon deposition heating block, the carbon deposition connecting piece is a hollow structure, the two ends of the carbon deposition connecting piece are connected with the carbon deposition heating block and the carbon deposition oil storage tank respectively, one end of a fuel injection nozzle of the fuel injector is connected with the hollow structure in communication, and the hollow structure is connected with the inside of the carbon deposition oil storage tank in communication; the temperature control system comprises a heating device, a first temperature sensor and a heating temperature controller, the heating device is arranged in the carbon deposition heating block and surrounds the outside of the fuel injector, the first temperature sensor is arranged in the carbon deposition heating block and abuts against the fuel injector, and the heating temperature controller is electrically connected with the heating device and the first temperature sensor respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automotive engine technology, and more specifically, to an experimental apparatus for testing carbon deposits in engine injectors. Background Technology

[0002] In gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, the injectors directly inject fuel into the combustion chamber to form a fuel-air mixture. Combustion and emissions largely depend on the injector condition and fuel injection quality. Due to continuous exposure to the high temperature and pressure inside the cylinder, carbon deposits gradually form on the injectors during engine operation. This results in reduced fuel flow and decreased spray quality, affecting fuel-air mixture formation and combustion, ultimately leading to worsened particulate emissions. Carbon deposits inside the injectors affect the injection quantity and spray characteristics, thus impacting engine power, fuel economy, and emissions performance. Carbon deposits outside the injectors, on the other hand, affect engine emissions performance and may even trigger super-knock.

[0003] With increasingly stringent emission regulations, engines are placing higher demands on the stability of fuel injector spray quality throughout their lifecycle. This requires excellent injector design and high-quality fuel, one aspect of which is good fuel cleanliness to control the amount of carbon deposits and other build-up in the combustion chamber, injectors, and intake manifold, thereby maintaining optimal engine performance and emissions levels. To achieve a low-carbon society, various new fuels are under development or have already been initially applied, such as ethanol gasoline. As sustainable clean energy sources, they have significant strategic importance and practical value in conserving petroleum resources and improving air quality. Before these new fuels are launched on the market, thorough research on injector carbon build-up is essential to fully understand their performance. Therefore, designing an efficient direct-injection gasoline engine injector carbon build-up device is of great significance for injector carbon build-up research and the promotion and development of new fuels (such as ethanol gasoline). Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an experimental apparatus for testing carbon deposits in engine injectors, which solves the problem of experimental conditions for testing carbon deposits in direct injection gasoline engine injectors.

[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] This application provides an engine injector carbon deposit testing device, including: an injector, a fuel supply system and a fuel injection control system connected to the injector, a carbon deposit heating block, a carbon deposit connector, a carbon deposit reservoir, and a temperature control system. The injector is inserted into the carbon deposit heating block. The carbon deposit connector is a hollow structure. Both ends of the carbon deposit connector are connected to the carbon deposit heating block and the carbon deposit reservoir, respectively. One end of the injector nozzle is connected to the hollow structure. The hollow structure is connected to the interior of the carbon deposit reservoir.

[0007] The temperature control system includes a heating device, a first temperature sensor, and a heating temperature controller. The heating device is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block and surrounds the outside of the fuel injector. The first temperature sensor is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block and abuts against the fuel injector. The heating temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating device and the first temperature sensor respectively.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the fuel supply system includes a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, a high-pressure fuel tank, a fuel distributor, and a clamp. The high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank, the fuel distributor is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank via a high-pressure fuel pipe, the fuel injector is fixed to the fuel distributor via the clamp, and the fuel inlet port of the fuel injector is connected to the fuel outlet port of the fuel distributor.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the clamp is provided with at least one injector fixing hole and multiple clamp fixing holes. The clamp is fixedly connected to the fuel distributor through the clamp fixing holes via a first connector, and the injector is installed in the injector fixing hole.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, a nitrogen pressure reducing valve and a pressure gauge are provided between the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder and the high-pressure oil tank. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure inside the high-pressure oil tank, and the nitrogen pressure reducing valve is used to control the pressure inside the high-pressure oil tank.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the carbon deposit heating block includes a first side, a second side, a third side, a fourth side, a fifth side, and a sixth side. The first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side are connected end to end in sequence. The fifth side is connected to the first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side, respectively. The sixth side is connected to the first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side, respectively.

[0012] The first side has a first mounting hole and a plurality of second mounting holes, the plurality of second mounting holes surrounding the outside of the first mounting hole. The fuel injector is fixed inside the first mounting hole, and the heating device is fixed inside the second mounting holes.

[0013] A third mounting hole is provided on the second side, the central axis of the third mounting hole coincides with the central axis of the first mounting hole, and the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole are interconnected. One end of the carbon deposit connector is fixed in the third mounting hole.

[0014] A fourth mounting hole is provided on the third side, the central axis of the fourth mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting hole, and the fourth mounting hole is connected to the first mounting hole. The first temperature sensor is installed in the fourth mounting hole.

[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the first mounting hole is a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large end hole, a middle hole and a small end hole connected in sequence, the small end hole being located on one side of the third mounting hole; the fourth mounting hole is a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large cylindrical hole and a small cylindrical hole connected in sequence, the small cylindrical hole being located on one side of the first mounting hole and connected to the middle hole.

[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the carbon deposit connector is a carbon deposit bolt with external threads, and an internal thread matching the external threads is provided on the inner surface of the third mounting hole. The carbon deposit bolt is provided with a hollow cylindrical hole with openings at both ends.

[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the carbon deposit heating block is provided with a cooling channel, a second temperature sensor and a first flow control valve are provided at the water inlet of the cooling channel, and a third temperature sensor and a second flow control valve are provided at the water outlet of the cooling channel. The second temperature sensor, the first flow control valve, the third temperature sensor and the second flow control valve are electrically connected to the heating temperature controller.

[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the cooling channel includes an inlet channel, a connecting channel, and an outlet channel.

[0019] The water inlet is located at a corner where the fourth side connects to the second and sixth sides. The water inlet channel is an extended channel located in the same plane. The water inlet channel is located on one side of the sixth side, and the plane of the water inlet channel is parallel to the sixth side. The water inlet channel extends sequentially to the first, second, third, and fourth corners of the sixth side. The first corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the fourth and second sides. The second corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the second and third sides. The third corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the third and first sides. The fourth corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the first and fourth sides.

[0020] The water outlet is located at a corner where the fourth side connects to the second and fifth sides. The water outlet channel is an extended channel located in the same plane. The water outlet channel is located on one side of the fifth side, and the plane of the water outlet channel is parallel to the fifth side. The water outlet channel extends sequentially to the first, second, third, and fourth corners of the fifth side. The first corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the fourth and second sides; the second corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the second and third sides; the third corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the third and first sides; and the fourth corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the first and fourth sides.

[0021] The connecting channel is located on one side of the fourth side, and one end of the connecting channel is connected to the channel outlet of the water inlet channel located at the fourth corner of the sixth side, and the other end of the connecting channel is connected to the channel inlet of the water outlet channel located at the fourth corner of the fifth side.

[0022] In some embodiments of this application, the heating device is a heating rod, and there are four second mounting holes, with one heating device disposed in each mounting hole.

[0023] The innovative aspects of this application's embodiments include, but are not limited to, the following:

[0024] 1. In this embodiment, the carbon deposit test device mainly consists of an injector, a fuel supply system, a fuel injection control system, a carbon deposit heating block, a carbon deposit connector, a carbon deposit oil tank, and a temperature control system. The method of using an external heating block test bench to conduct the carbon deposit test in the engine cylinder is one of the innovative points of this application embodiment.

[0025] 2. In this embodiment, the carbon deposit heating block has a built-in injector, heating device, temperature sensor and cooling channel. The heating temperature controller can accurately control the heating temperature of the heating device and the coolant flow rate of the cooling channel, which is one of the innovations of this application embodiment. It can realize high-precision and rapid adjustment of the carbon deposit temperature of the injector.

[0026] 3. In this embodiment, the carbon deposition heating block has a built-in detachable carbon deposition connector, which is one of the innovations of this application embodiment. It can facilitate the measurement and identification of carbon deposition amount and carbon deposition composition.

[0027] 4. In this embodiment, the injector is fixed to the fuel distributor by a clamp, which is one of the innovative points of this application embodiment. Due to the need for carbon deposit testing, the injector needs to be replaced frequently and the injector has a high injection pressure. The clamp can realize the precise installation and quick replacement of the injector, and the clamping is reliable.

[0028] 5. In this embodiment, the carbon deposit heating block is fixed on the carbon deposit storage tank and connected by a carbon deposit connector. This is one of the innovative points of this application embodiment. It can not only realize the fixed installation of the carbon deposit heating block, but also store the fuel that has not formed carbon deposits during the carbon deposit period of the injector.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are as follows:

[0030] An external carbon deposit testing device is used to test for carbon deposits inside the engine combustion chamber and in the fuel injectors. Utilizing an external carbon deposit heating block and an embedded, detachable carbon deposit connector, it effectively addresses both fuel injector and combustion chamber carbon deposits, and allows for rapid and efficient replacement of carbon deposits and test specimens under different test conditions. This carbon deposit testing device is equipped with a highly efficient and stable fuel injection control system and a temperature control system, enabling precise control of fuel injection quantity and carbon deposit temperature. Its simple structure and convenient test specimen replacement significantly reduce bench testing costs, shorten testing time, and improve experimental efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. However, it should be noted that the views in the embodiments of this application only show the shape of each structure and its positional relationship, and the dimensions of the structures in each view do not strictly correspond. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an engine injector carbon deposit test device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 A block diagram of a temperature control system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a clamp provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a top view of the clamp and (b) is a cross-sectional view of (a) along line A-A;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon deposition heating block provided in this application embodiment. Figure 1 Among them, (a) is a top view of the carbon deposit heating block, (b) is a B-B sectional view of (a), and (c) is a C-C sectional view of (a).

[0036] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon deposition heating block provided in this application embodiment. Figure 2 Among them, (a) is the left side view of the carbon deposit heating block, (b) is the E-E sectional view of (a), (c) is the F-F sectional view of (a), (d) is the G-G sectional view of (a), and (e) is the bottom view of (a).

[0037] Figure 6 The figure provided in this application is a carbon deposit connector, wherein (a) is a front view of the carbon deposit connector, (b) is a D-D sectional view of (a), (c) is a side view of the carbon deposit connector, (d) is a top view of the carbon deposit connector, and (e) is a bottom view of the carbon deposit connector. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0040] This application discloses an experimental apparatus for testing carbon deposits in engine injectors, primarily used for experimental research on carbon deposits in direct-injection gasoline injectors using ethanol gasoline. However, this apparatus can also be applied to experimental research on carbon deposits in injectors of other fuels, and is not limited thereto. Detailed descriptions follow.

[0041] Figure 1 – Figure 2 An engine injector carbon buildup testing apparatus according to an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the carbon deposit experimental device mainly includes: an injector 1, a fuel supply system 2, a fuel injection control system 3, a carbon deposit heating block 4, a carbon deposit connector 5, a carbon deposit storage tank 6, and a temperature control system 7. The fuel supply system 2 is connected to the injector 1 and supplies fuel to it. The fuel injection control system 3 is electrically connected to the injector 1 and acts as the injector parameter controller, primarily controlling the injection pulse width and injection frequency. The carbon deposit heating block 4 is a key component of the device; the injector 1 is inserted into it, and the temperature control system 7 controls the ambient temperature of the injector 1 to ensure rapid and efficient carbon deposit formation on it. The carbon deposit connector 5 connects the carbon deposit heating block 4 and the carbon deposit storage tank 6, guiding the waste oil discharged from the heating block 4 after carbon deposition is completed to the carbon deposit storage tank 6 for storage.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, the carbon deposit connector 5 is a hollow structure 51. Both ends of the carbon deposit connector 5 are detachably connected to the carbon deposit heating block 4 and the carbon deposit oil reservoir 6, respectively. One end of the injector nozzle of the injector 1 is connected to the hollow structure 51, and the hollow structure 51 is connected to the interior of the carbon deposit oil reservoir 6. That is, the channel between the injector nozzle of the injector 1 and the carbon deposit oil reservoir 6 is the hollow structure 51 of the carbon deposit connector 5. On one hand, the hollow structure 51 can guide the waste oil discharged from the carbon deposit heating block 4 after the injector 1 has completed carbon depositing into the carbon deposit oil reservoir 6, thus playing a role in waste oil diversion. On the other hand, the injector nozzle of the injector 1 is located inside the carbon deposit heating block 4. If the fuel injected by the injector 1 is discharged from the interior of the carbon deposit heating block 4, the carbon deposit heating block 4 will... A connecting channel needs to be set up between the injector nozzle of the injector 1 and the carbon deposit reservoir 6. Carbon deposits will inevitably accumulate on the inner wall of this connecting channel, which can easily cause blockage over time. A hollow and detachable carbon deposit connector 5 is used to connect the injector nozzle of the injector 1 and the carbon deposit reservoir 6. This not only simulates the function of the actual combustion chamber, but also allows for the rapid replacement of the carbon deposit combustion chamber after excessive carbon buildup, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the carbon deposit experimental device. At the same time, the carbon deposit connector 5 can be used to collect a sufficient amount of carbon deposits. The disassembled carbon deposit connector 5 can assist the injector 1 in measuring and identifying the amount and composition of carbon deposits, thereby effectively solving the problem of insufficient carbon deposits on the injector 1 and ensuring sufficient carbon deposits for the experiment.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the carbon deposit connector 5 is a carbon deposit bolt, which is a hollow structure with external threads. Specifically, the carbon deposit bolt has external threads 52, and the carbon deposit heating block 4 has matching internal threads (not shown in the figure). The hollow structure 51 of the carbon deposit bolt is a hollow cylindrical hole with openings at both ends. The fuel injected by the injector 1 enters the hollow cylindrical hole of the carbon deposit bolt, and the fuel that fails to form carbon deposits enters the carbon deposit reservoir 6 through this hollow cylindrical hole. Furthermore, as... Figure 6 As shown, the cylindrical carbon deposit bolt has two parallel planar notches 53 on opposite sides of its end near the carbon deposit oil storage tank 6. These notches 53 facilitate tightening the carbon deposit bolt with tools, preventing slippage on the cylindrical surface during tightening and improving the connection between the bolt and the storage tank 6. Furthermore, the end of the hollow cylindrical hole furthest from the storage tank 6 has a chamfer 54 with an angle of α. In practice, α is 174°, which increases the carbon deposit space, allowing for the collection of more carbon deposits and facilitating subsequent component analysis.

[0044] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2As shown, the temperature control system 7 includes a heating device 8, a first temperature sensor 9, a heating temperature controller 10, and a regulated power supply (not shown in the figure). The heating device 8 is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block 4 and surrounds the outside of the injector 1. By heating the carbon deposit heating block 4 around the injector 1, it provides a high-temperature carbon deposit environment for the injector 1. The first temperature sensor 9 is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block 4 and contacts the injector 1 to monitor the temperature of the injector 1. The heating temperature controller 10 is electrically connected to the heating device 8 and the first temperature sensor 9 respectively. By using the temperature signal collected by the first temperature sensor 9, it controls the on / off of the power supply to the heating device 8 to achieve the control of the heating temperature.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the fuel supply system 2 mainly includes a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11, a high-pressure fuel tank 12, a fuel distributor 13, and a clamp (not shown in the figure). The high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11 is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank 12, providing high-pressure nitrogen to the high-pressure fuel tank 12 and controlling and maintaining the pressure inside the high-pressure fuel tank 12. The fuel distributor 13 is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank 12 through a high-pressure fuel pipe 15. The fuel injector 1 is fixed to the fuel distributor 13 through the clamp 14, and the fuel inlet of the fuel injector 1 is connected to the fuel outlet of the fuel distributor 13. The fuel in the high-pressure fuel tank 12 is delivered to the fuel injector 1 through the high-pressure fuel pipe 15 and the fuel distributor 13.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, multiple injectors 1 can be installed on the fuel distributor 13 at the same time. The fuel distributor 13 mainly includes a fuel guide pipe and multiple branch pipes. The high-pressure fuel pipe 15 is connected to the fuel guide pipe. The multiple branch pipes are arranged at equal intervals on the fuel guide pipe. One end of the branch pipe is connected to the fuel guide pipe, and the other end (i.e., the fuel outlet of the fuel distributor 13) is connected to the injector 1. The fuel in the high-pressure fuel tank 12 enters the fuel guide pipe through the high-pressure fuel pipe 15, and then enters the injector 1 through the branch pipe, thereby supplying fuel to multiple injectors 1 at the same time. The fuel distributor 13 can also be designed as a mechanical structure of fuel rail or fuel rail, mainly used to ensure that sufficient fuel flow is provided and evenly distributed to each injector 1.

[0047] Correspondingly, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the clamp 14 of the fuel supply system 2 is provided with multiple injector fixing holes 16 and multiple clamp fixing holes 17. The number of injector fixing holes 16 is the same as the number of fuel outlet holes of the fuel distributor 13, and the distance between two adjacent injector fixing holes 16 matches the distance between two adjacent fuel outlet holes of the fuel distributor 13, so that the injector fixing holes 16 of the clamp 14 correspond one-to-one with the fuel outlet holes of the fuel distributor 13. The clamp 14 is fixedly connected to the fuel distributor 13 through the clamp fixing holes 17 via a first connector (not shown in the figure). The injector 1 is installed in the injector fixing hole 16, thereby fixing the injector 1 by positioning it through the injector fixing hole 16, and inserting the fuel inlet end of the injector 1 into the fuel outlet hole of the fuel distributor 13. In a specific implementation process, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the clamp 14 is provided with three injector fixing holes 16 and three clamp fixing holes 17, which can fix three injectors at the same time. The first connecting member is a connecting bolt. The clamp 14 and the fuel distributor are sequentially passed through the connecting bolt to realize the quick installation and fixing of the injector on the fuel distributor. The injector fixing hole 16 is chamfered at the end near the fuel distributor. The injector is quickly inserted from the chamfered end, making the installation of the injector faster. In addition, the clamp fixing hole 17 is a racetrack-shaped through hole, which avoids the problem of misalignment between the connecting bolt and the bolt mounting hole due to machining errors, which would prevent installation.

[0048] In some other specific embodiments, the fuel distributor 13 may also be equipped with only one injector 1, which delivers the high-pressure fuel from the high-pressure fuel tank 12 to the injector 1, acting as an accumulator. Correspondingly, the clamp 14 of the fuel supply system 2 is provided with one injector fixing hole 16 and two clamp fixing holes 17. The clamp 14 is fixedly connected to the fuel distributor 13 by two connecting bolts passing through the two clamp fixing holes 17 respectively. The injector 1 is installed in the injector fixing hole 16, and the fuel inlet end of the injector 1 is inserted into the fuel outlet of the fuel distributor 13.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the oil supply system 2 also includes a nitrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and a pressure gauge 19 disposed between the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11 and the high-pressure oil tank 12. The pressure gauge 19 is used to monitor the pressure of the gas in the high-pressure oil tank 12 to display the pressure in the high-pressure oil tank 12. The nitrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is used to control the pressure in the high-pressure oil tank 12. Thus, based on the value of the pressure gauge 19 on the gas line of the oil supply system 2, the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is adjusted to make the pressure in the high-pressure oil tank 12 reach the test requirement value.

[0050] In addition, in the specific implementation process, the fuel injection control system 3 mainly includes an ECU controller, a fuel injection pulse width controller, and a fuel injection frequency controller, so as to control the opening duration and switching frequency of the fuel injector 1 according to the specific test requirements.

[0051] The carbon deposit heating block 4 is a key component of this carbon deposit experimental device. It houses the fuel injector 1, heating device 8, first temperature sensor 9, and easily detachable carbon deposit connector 5. It has a compact structure and is simple to manufacture. Figure 1 – Figure 6 As shown, the carbon deposit heating block 4 has a first mounting hole 20 for installing the injector 1, a second mounting hole 21 for installing the heating device 8, a third mounting hole 22 for installing the carbon deposit connector 5, a fourth mounting hole 23 for installing the first temperature sensor 9, and a cooling water channel. Its bottom is fixed to the cover plate of the carbon deposit reservoir 6 by fixing bolts. The injector nozzle of the injector 1 is inserted into the first mounting hole 20 at the top, and the carbon deposit connector 5 is installed at the bottom outlet. The heating device 8 and the first temperature sensor 9 are respectively installed in the second mounting hole 21 and the fourth mounting hole 23, and are electrically connected to the heating temperature controller 10. The inlet end of the injector 1 is inserted into the outlet hole of the fuel distributor 13 and fixed to the fuel distributor 13 by a clamp 14. The wiring terminal of the injector 1 is connected to the fuel injection control system 3. The high-pressure fuel tank 12 is connected to the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11 through a nitrogen pressure reducing valve 18 and to the fuel distributor 13 through a high-pressure fuel pipe 15. The fuel injector 1 is installed in the carbon deposit heating block 4 to improve the controllability of the temperature at the injector 1 outlet, effectively increasing experimental efficiency. After rapid carbon deposit generation, a high-speed camera and precision scale are used to conduct spray imaging experiments and fuel injection quantity tests on the carbon-deposited injector 1, thereby effectively evaluating the carbon deposit performance of the fuel. Compared with existing engine bench tests, under the same injection conditions, this engine injector carbon deposit testing device generates carbon deposits faster and more efficiently, significantly reducing experimental costs.

[0052] In one embodiment provided in this application, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the carbon deposit heating block 4 includes a first side 41, a second side 42, a third side 43, a fourth side 44, a fifth side 45, and a sixth side 46. The first side 41, third side 43, second side 42, and fourth side 44 are connected sequentially. The fifth side 45 is connected to the first side 41, third side 43, second side 42, and fourth side 44. The sixth side 46 is connected to the first side 41, third side 43, second side 42, and fourth side 44. The first side 41 of the carbon deposit heating block 4 has a first mounting hole 20 and multiple second mounting holes 21. The multiple second mounting holes 21 surround the outside of the first mounting hole 20, and the distance between the central axis of each second mounting hole 21 and the central axis of the first mounting hole 20 is equal. The fuel injector 1 is fixed inside the first mounting hole 20, and the heating device 8 is fixed inside the second mounting hole 21, thereby allowing the multiple heating devices 8 to uniformly heat the area around the fuel injector 1 and avoid localized overheating. When the injector 1 is installed in the first mounting hole 20, the nozzle of the injector 1 is located at the exact center of the carbon deposit heating block 4, further ensuring uniform heating of the injector 1. In addition, in specific implementation, the heating device 8 can be a heating rod, and there are four second mounting holes 21, with one heating device 8 installed in each hole. A fourth mounting hole 23 is provided on the third side 43 of the carbon deposit heating block 4, and the first temperature sensor 9 is installed in the fourth mounting hole 23. The fourth mounting hole 23 is located on the third side 43, and the first mounting hole 20 is located on the first side 41. The central axis of the fourth mounting hole 23 is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting hole 20, and the fourth mounting hole 23 and the first mounting hole 20 are interconnected, ensuring close contact between the first temperature sensor 9 and the injector 1.

[0053] It should be noted and understood that the specific dimensions of the first mounting hole 20 are determined by the external dimensions of the injector 1. Only the carbon deposit heating block 4 needs to be replaced to meet the carbon deposit test requirements of different injectors 1. The depth of the first mounting hole 20 and the axial area of ​​the heating part need to be accurately calculated and precision machined to ensure both the radial fixation of the injector 1 and the tight circumferential contact between the injector nozzle part of the injector 1 and the first mounting hole 20.

[0054] A third mounting hole 22 is provided on the second side 42 of the carbon deposit heating block 4. The central axis of the third mounting hole 22 coincides with the central axis of the first mounting hole 20, and the first mounting hole 20 and the third mounting hole 22 are interconnected. One end of the carbon deposit connector 5 is fixed in the third mounting hole 22. When the carbon deposit connector 5 is selected as a hollow carbon deposit bolt with external thread, the inner surface of the third mounting hole 22 is provided with an internal thread (not shown in the figure) that matches the external thread 52. With this configuration, the bottom of the first mounting hole 20 is equipped with the carbon deposit connector 5, which can simulate the function of the actual combustion chamber and also meet the need for rapid replacement of the carbon deposit combustion chamber after excessive carbon deposit combustion, so as to ensure the long-term stable operation of the carbon deposit experimental device. Furthermore, multiple fifth mounting holes 29 are also provided on the outer side of the third mounting hole 22. The fixing bolt passes through the cover plate of the carbon deposit oil tank 6 and the fifth mounting holes 29 in sequence to fix the carbon deposit heating block 4 to the cover plate of the carbon deposit oil tank 6.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first mounting hole 20 is a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large end hole 201, a middle hole 202, and a small end hole 203 connected in sequence. The small end hole 203 is located on one side of the third mounting hole 22. The shape and size of the injector 1 are adapted to the shape and size of the first mounting hole 20. The nozzle of the injector 1 extends into and is fixed in the small end hole 203. In addition, the fourth mounting hole 23 is also a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large cylindrical hole 231 and a small cylindrical hole 232 connected in sequence. The small cylindrical hole 232 is located on one side of the first mounting hole 20, and the small cylindrical hole 232 is connected to the middle hole 202. The length of the first temperature sensor 9 is slightly larger than the length of the fourth mounting hole 23. When the first temperature sensor 9 is installed in the fourth mounting hole 23, the first temperature sensor 9 can pass through the small cylindrical hole 232 and press against the injector 1, so the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 9 is the temperature of the injector 1.

[0056] In other specific embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the carbon deposit heating block 4 also has a cooling channel inside. This cooling channel can be a through-channel with one inlet and one outlet. The diameter of the channel is designed according to the cooling rate and heat dissipation. Due to the excellent thermal conductivity of the carbon deposit heating block 4, it can be cooled down quickly. Furthermore, a second temperature sensor 25 and a first flow control valve 26 are installed at the inlet 244 of the cooling channel, and a third temperature sensor 27 and a second flow control valve 28 are installed at the outlet 245 of the cooling channel. The second temperature sensor 25, the first flow control valve 26, the third temperature sensor 27, and the second flow control valve 28 are electrically connected to the heating temperature controller 10. The second temperature sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 27 monitor the temperature at the inlet and outlet of the cooling channel in real time. The heating temperature controller 10 adjusts the temperature based on the inlet coolant temperature monitored by the second temperature sensor 25. The first flow control valve 26 and the second flow control valve 28 are controlled by the third temperature sensor 27 to regulate the coolant flow in the cooling channel and quickly cool down the carbon deposit heating block 4 to solve the problem of high temperature of the carbon deposit heating block 4 due to high test frequency. For example, when the temperature difference between the inlet coolant temperature and the outlet coolant temperature is large, the coolant flow is increased; when the temperature difference between the inlet coolant temperature and the outlet coolant temperature is small, the coolant flow is decreased. In winter, the first flow control valve 26 and the second flow control valve 28 can be directly closed.

[0057] In the specific implementation process, such as Figure 5As shown, the cooling channel includes an inlet channel 241, a connecting channel 242, and an outlet channel 243. The inlet 244 is located at a corner where the fourth side 44 connects to the second side 42 and the sixth side 46. The inlet channel 241 is an extension channel located in the same plane, situated on one side of the sixth side 46. The plane of the inlet channel 241 is parallel to the sixth side 46, and the inlet channel 241 extends sequentially to the first, second, third, and fourth corners of the sixth side 46. The first corner of the sixth side 46 is where the sixth side 46 meets the fourth side 44. The second corner of the sixth side 46 is the connection point between the sixth side 46 and the second side 42 and the third side 43; the third corner of the sixth side 46 is the connection point between the sixth side 46 and the third side 43 and the first side 41; the fourth corner of the sixth side 46 is the connection point between the sixth side 46 and the first side 41 and the fourth side 44; the water outlet 245 is located at the corner where the fourth side 44 connects with the second side 42 and the fifth side 45; the water outlet channel 243 is located on the same plane. The extension channel within the surface has an outlet channel 243 located on one side of the fifth side 45. The plane of the outlet channel 243 is parallel to the fifth side 45, and the outlet channel 243 extends sequentially to the first corner, second corner, third corner, and fourth corner of the fifth side 45. The first corner of the fifth side 45 is the connection point between the fifth side 45 and the fourth side 44 and the second side 42. The second corner of the fifth side 45 is the connection point between the fifth side 45 and the second side 42 and the third side 43. The third corner of the fifth side 45 is the connection point between the fifth side 45 and the third side 43 and the first side 41. The fourth corner of the fifth side 45 is the connection point between the fifth side 45 and the first side 41 and the fourth side 44. The connecting channel 242 is located on one side of the fourth side 44, and one end of the connecting channel 242 is connected to the outlet of the inlet channel 241 located at the fourth corner of the sixth side 46. The other end of the connecting channel 242 is connected to the inlet of the outlet channel 243 located at the fourth corner of the fifth side 45. With this configuration, the cooling channel can quickly cool down the carbon deposit heating block 4, and the cooling channel does not interfere with other hole structures on the carbon deposit heating block 4.

[0058] Detailed, such as Figure 5 As shown, both the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243 can be extended channels located in the same plane, consisting of three straight channels. The connecting channel 242 is a straight channel connecting the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243. Furthermore, the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243 can also be designed as uniformly laid curved S-shapes, broken lines, etc. This embodiment does not limit this design, as long as the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243 have the same shape, thus achieving uniform heat dissipation from the carbon-deposited heating block 4.

[0059] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243 are both extended channels located in the same plane and composed of three straight channels, and the connecting channel 242 is a straight channel connecting the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243, the carbon deposition heating block 4 is also provided with cooling process ports 301, 302, 303, 304, and 305. In subsequent processes, the cooling process ports 301, 302, 303, 304, and 305 are blocked to realize the processing of the inlet channel 241, the connecting channel 242, and the outlet channel 243.

[0060] The above describes the various components of the engine injector carbon deposit test apparatus provided in this embodiment and their connection relationships. The following section, in conjunction with... Figure 1 – Figure 6 The working principle of the engine injector carbon deposit test device is described in detail.

[0061] During the application process, firstly, the fuel supply system 2 is turned on, that is, the valve of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11 is opened. According to the value of the pressure gauge 19 on the gas line, the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 18 is adjusted to make the pressure in the high-pressure fuel tank 12 reach the test requirement value. Then, the fuel injection control system 3 is turned on, and the fuel injection frequency and fuel injection pulse width of the fuel injection control system 3 are set to the test requirement values ​​(i.e., the test parameters preset in the fuel injector carbon deposition test scheme). After that, the fuel injection volume of the cold-state fuel injector 1 is calibrated. The fuel injection volume of the fuel injector 1 is measured using a special measuring tool. Specifically, the cold-state fuel injector 1 is inserted into a glass bottle with a stopper and continuously sprays fuel for 60 to 120 times. Then, it is weighed with a precision scale. The fuel injection volume of a single spray is calculated by dividing the fuel injection volume measured by the weighing by the number of sprays. The stability of the fuel injection is judged by comparing the single fuel injection volumes measured by multiple measurements. If the average error is guaranteed to be within 1%, the fuel injection volume of the fuel injector 1 is judged to be stable. Then, the fuel injector 1 used for the test is photographed in a cold state. After the spray imaging is completed, a hot-state test of injector 1 is conducted. Injector 1 is installed in the first mounting hole 20 of heating block 4, and the power switch of temperature control system 7 is turned on, so heating device 8 starts working. Using the temperature value of injector 1 monitored in real time by first temperature sensor 9, the power supply voltage is adjusted to a suitable value, that is, the heating temperature of heating device 8 is controlled. After the temperature stabilizes, the carbon deposition test begins. After the carbon deposition test time reaches the required value, heating device 8 is turned off first, then the fuel injection control system 3 is turned off, and finally the valve of high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 11 is closed. Then injector 1 is removed, and after injector 1 has completely cooled down, fuel injection quantity test and spray test are conducted. If there is little carbon deposition on injector 1, sufficient carbon deposition can be collected through carbon deposition connector 5 to ensure that there is enough carbon deposition for analysis in this test.

[0062] In summary, this application discloses an engine injector carbon deposit testing device. This device employs an external carbon deposit testing configuration to detect carbon deposits within the engine combustion chamber and in the injectors. Utilizing an external carbon deposit heating block and an embedded, detachable carbon deposit connector, it effectively addresses both injector and combustion chamber carbon deposits, and allows for rapid and efficient replacement of carbon deposits and test specimens under different testing conditions. This carbon deposit testing device is equipped with a highly efficient and stable injection control system and temperature control system, enabling precise control of injector injection quantity and carbon deposit temperature. Furthermore, its simple structure and convenient test specimen replacement significantly reduce bench testing costs, shorten testing time, and improve testing efficiency.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules in the apparatus of the embodiments can be distributed in the apparatus of the embodiments as described in the embodiments, or they can be located in one or more devices different from this embodiment with corresponding changes. The modules of the above embodiments can be combined into one module, or they can be further divided into multiple sub-modules. In addition, it should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can be fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can be mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can be internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of this application, used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. The protection scope of this application is not limited thereto. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features, within the technical scope disclosed in this application. Such modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be covered within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for carbon deposits in engine injectors, characterized in that, include: The system includes an injector, a fuel supply system and a fuel injection control system connected to the injector, a carbon deposit heating block, a carbon deposit connector, a carbon deposit oil tank, and a temperature control system. The injector is inserted into the carbon deposit heating block. The carbon deposit connector is a hollow structure. Both ends of the carbon deposit connector are connected to the carbon deposit heating block and the carbon deposit oil tank, respectively. One end of the injector nozzle is connected to the hollow structure. The hollow structure is connected to the interior of the carbon deposit oil tank. The temperature control system includes a heating device, a first temperature sensor, and a heating temperature controller. The heating device is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block and surrounds the outside of the fuel injector. The first temperature sensor is disposed inside the carbon deposit heating block and abuts against the fuel injector. The heating temperature controller is electrically connected to the heating device and the first temperature sensor respectively. The carbon deposit heating block includes a first side, a second side, a third side, a fourth side, a fifth side, and a sixth side. The first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side are connected end to end in sequence. The fifth side is connected to the first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side. The sixth side is connected to the first side, the third side, the second side, and the fourth side. The first side has a first mounting hole and a plurality of second mounting holes, the plurality of second mounting holes surrounding the outside of the first mounting hole. The fuel injector is fixed inside the first mounting hole, and the heating device is fixed inside the second mounting holes. A third mounting hole is provided on the second side, the central axis of the third mounting hole coincides with the central axis of the first mounting hole, and the first mounting hole and the third mounting hole are interconnected. One end of the carbon deposit connector is fixed in the third mounting hole. A fourth mounting hole is provided on the third side, the central axis of the fourth mounting hole is perpendicular to the central axis of the first mounting hole, and the fourth mounting hole is connected to the first mounting hole. The first temperature sensor is installed in the fourth mounting hole.

2. The engine injector carbon deposit testing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel supply system includes a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, a high-pressure fuel tank, a fuel distributor, and a clamp. The high-pressure nitrogen cylinder is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank. The fuel distributor is connected to the high-pressure fuel tank via a high-pressure fuel pipe. The fuel injector is fixed to the fuel distributor via the clamp, and the fuel inlet port of the fuel injector is connected to the fuel outlet port of the fuel distributor.

3. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The clamp is provided with at least one injector fixing hole and multiple clamp fixing holes. The clamp is fixedly connected to the fuel distributor through the clamp fixing holes via a first connector. The injector is installed in the injector fixing hole.

4. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, A nitrogen pressure reducing valve and a pressure gauge are installed between the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder and the high-pressure oil tank. The pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure inside the high-pressure oil tank, and the nitrogen pressure reducing valve is used to control the pressure inside the high-pressure oil tank.

5. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The first mounting hole is a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large end hole, a middle hole and a small end hole connected in sequence, with the small end hole located on one side of the third mounting hole; the fourth mounting hole is a stepped cylindrical hole, including a large cylindrical hole and a small cylindrical hole connected in sequence, with the small cylindrical hole located on one side of the first mounting hole and connected to the middle hole.

6. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The carbon deposit connector is a carbon deposit bolt with external threads. The inner surface of the third mounting hole is provided with an internal thread that matches the external threads. The carbon deposit bolt is provided with a hollow cylindrical hole with openings at both ends.

7. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The carbon deposit heating block is provided with a cooling channel. A second temperature sensor and a first flow control valve are provided at the inlet of the cooling channel, and a third temperature sensor and a second flow control valve are provided at the outlet of the cooling channel. The second temperature sensor, the first flow control valve, the third temperature sensor, and the second flow control valve are electrically connected to the heating temperature controller.

8. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The cooling channel includes an inlet channel, a connecting channel, and an outlet channel. The water inlet is located at a corner where the fourth side connects to the second and sixth sides. The water inlet channel is an extended channel located in the same plane. The water inlet channel is located on one side of the sixth side, and the plane of the water inlet channel is parallel to the sixth side. The water inlet channel extends sequentially to the first, second, third, and fourth corners of the sixth side. The first corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the fourth and second sides. The second corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the second and third sides. The third corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the third and first sides. The fourth corner of the sixth side is the connection point between the sixth side and the first and fourth sides. The water outlet is located at a corner where the fourth side connects to the second and fifth sides. The water outlet channel is an extended channel located in the same plane. The water outlet channel is located on one side of the fifth side, and the plane of the water outlet channel is parallel to the fifth side. The water outlet channel extends sequentially to the first, second, third, and fourth corners of the fifth side. The first corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the fourth and second sides; the second corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the second and third sides; the third corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the third and first sides; and the fourth corner of the fifth side is the connection point between the fifth side and the first and fourth sides. The connecting channel is located on one side of the fourth side, and one end of the connecting channel is connected to the channel outlet of the water inlet channel located at the fourth corner of the sixth side, and the other end of the connecting channel is connected to the channel inlet of the water outlet channel located at the fourth corner of the fifth side.

9. The engine fuel injector carbon deposit test apparatus of claim 1, wherein The heating device is a heating rod, and the number of the second mounting holes is four, and one heating device is arranged in each mounting hole.

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