A physical simulation experiment system, method and device based on geological structure

Abstract

The application discloses a physical simulation experiment system and method based on geological structure and equipment, and relates to the technical field of geological structure. Related geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters and lithology parameters of a simulation area to be studied are acquired; a sandbox physical model of the simulation area to be studied is constructed by using a similarity constitutive relation method; the size of the sandbox physical model, the size of a magnetic fluid, the thickness of an overlying sand body and the range of the overlying sand body are determined according to the related geological data; the magnetic fluid sandbox physical model is obtained in an environment with a magnetic field strength of zero; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to obtain the overlying sand body sandbox physical model; shear stress and yield stress are obtained; a stratum viscosity relation is obtained according to the shear stress and the yield stress; and the stratum viscosity relation is used for representing a physical simulation experiment result based on geological structure. The application improves the accuracy and reliability of geological structure physical simulation experiment data, and greatly reduces the cost of experimental materials and time cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological structure technology, and in particular to a physical simulation experimental system, method and equipment based on geological structure. Background Technology

[0002] In structural geology research, sandbox physical simulation experiments are typically used to study tectonic geological movements from ancient times to the present, based on current geological structural characteristics. However, actual tectonic geological movements are extremely complex, and conventional sandbox physical simulation experiments, even when neglecting many details, cannot accurately simulate many types of tectonic geological movements. For example, passive continental margin basins commonly develop ductile strata, which can undergo tectonic deformation under gravity alone, forming gravity structures. The mechanical properties of ductile strata, primarily viscosity and density, control the formation process of gravity structures, thereby controlling the tectonic evolution and structural patterns of passive continental margin basins. Ductile strata include mudstone and salt rock. The difficulty in studying the gravity tectonic deformation of mudstone lies in the variation of its viscosity parameters. The viscosity of mudstone is closely related to its overpressure degree. Throughout the basin's evolution, mudstone undergoes a gradual change from normal pressure to overpressure. This change is influenced by a combination of parameters such as stratum lithology, burial depth, and geothermal temperature. In some areas, the overpressure of mudstone may even be released, meaning the overpressure degree decreases or returns to normal pressure. The degree of overpressure in mudstone varies greatly, resulting in significant variations in mudstone viscosity, which in turn affects the structural pattern of mudstone gravity structures.

[0003] While sandbox physical simulation experiments are a powerful method for studying tectonic evolution and the genesis of tectonic patterns, existing sandbox physical simulation schemes can also select tough materials of different viscosities to simulate overcompressed mudstone. However, the limitation of existing techniques is that they can only set the material viscosity before the experiment, and cannot simulate the changes in material viscosity during basin tectonic deformation. In other words, they cannot effectively simulate the differences in tectonic deformation caused by changes in mudstone viscosity during basin tectonic deformation.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need for an experimental device that can effectively simulate the influence of mudstone viscosity changes on tectonic deformation patterns in overpressured mudstone formations under gravity, and can effectively simulate basin tectonic evolution based on mudstone viscosity changes, thereby guiding research on the tectonic evolution of basins containing overpressured mudstone formations. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a physical simulation experimental system, method, and equipment based on geological structures. The semi-automatic settings allow for arbitrary parameter adjustments to change the viscosity coefficient of the simulated material, thereby simulating the viscosity changes of actual strata during tectonic evolution. This eliminates the need to replace materials, and the parameters set each time are accurate and easy to record, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of experimental data. Furthermore, it can simultaneously meet the requirements of various viscosity coefficients using a single set of simulated experimental materials, significantly reducing the cost of experimental consumables and time.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:

[0007] A physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure includes:

[0008] Obtain relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied;

[0009] A sandbox physical model of the simulated area under study was constructed using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters.

[0010] The size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body are determined based on the relevant geological data.

[0011] In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain a magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain an overlying sand box physical model.

[0012] The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress.

[0013] The formation viscosity relationship is obtained based on the shear stress and the yield stress; the formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

[0014] Optionally,

[0015] The relevant geological data includes: geological structure maps, seismic profile maps, and three-dimensional maps of fault planes;

[0016] The geometric parameters include: the geometric dimensions of the simulated region to be studied, the faults and their attitudes, and the geometric dimensions of the strata they contain;

[0017] The kinematic parameters include: the tectonic evolution characteristics, activity periods, and evolutionary history of the simulated region under study;

[0018] The lithological parameters include: macroscopic rock mechanical parameters of each stratum.

[0019] Optionally, the macroscopic rock mechanical parameters can be converted into microscopic rock mechanical parameters.

[0020] Optionally, an overlying sand body with a grain size within a preset range is selected based on the micromechanical parameters of the rock.

[0021] Optionally, after determining the size of the sandbox physical model, the magnetofluid size, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the extent of the overlying sand body based on the relevant geological data, the method further includes:

[0022] The state of the physical model of the sand box is adjusted using a measurement and control system; after adjustment, the physical simulation experimental area is determined by a side baffle, and the side baffle is fixed by a fixing system.

[0023] Optionally, the shear rate of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress, specifically including:

[0024] The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate, and the physical model of the overlying sand box is sliced ​​according to the preset shear rate to obtain the shear stress.

[0025] Optionally, the magnetic field strength of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain the yield stress, specifically including:

[0026] The magnetic field strength of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid of the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value, and the physical model of the overlying sand box is sliced ​​according to the preset shear rate to obtain the yield stress.

[0027] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention also provide the following solutions:

[0028] A physical simulation experimental system based on geological structure, comprising:

[0029] The data acquisition module is used to acquire relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied;

[0030] The sandbox physical model construction module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used for:

[0031] A sandbox physical model of the simulated area under study was constructed using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters.

[0032] The size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body are determined based on the relevant geological data.

[0033] An electromagnetic system, connected to the sandbox physical model construction module, is used for:

[0034] In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain a magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain an overlying sand box physical model.

[0035] The measurement and control system, connected to the electromagnetic system, is used for:

[0036] The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress.

[0037] The formation viscosity relationship is obtained based on the shear stress and the yield stress; the formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

[0038] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the aforementioned physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure.

[0039] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed, implements the aforementioned physical simulation experimental method based on geological structures.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the gap in existing sandbox physical simulation experimental devices is effectively filled, which cannot effectively simulate the influence of mudstone viscosity changes on tectonic deformation patterns under gravity on tough overpressure mudstone formations.

[0041] This invention can effectively simulate the basin tectonic evolution of mudstone viscosity changes, thereby guiding the study of basin tectonic evolution containing overpressured mudstone strata and filling the gap in existing research techniques.

[0042] The semi-automatic operation and flexible real-time control of this invention greatly reduce errors caused by human factors, thus significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of experiments.

[0043] The operation of this invention is extremely simple. Even experimenters who are using the device for the first time can perform the experiment simulation very well by simply understanding how to use the device.

[0044] This invention can simultaneously meet the requirements of various viscosity coefficients using a set of simulated experimental materials. By changing the set parameters, multiple experimental results can be simulated, resulting in multiple sets of effective experimental data, which greatly saves on the cost of experimental consumables and time. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating the physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a physical simulation experimental system based on geological structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A three-dimensional view of the structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A top view of the structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 A top view of the structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 Right view of the structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 The relationship between shear stress and shear rate at 25°C under zero magnetic field is provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 8 The relationship between yield stress at 25°C and magnetic field strength is provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 9 The relationship between shear rate and viscosity at 25°C is provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 10 The relationship between magnetic induction intensity and magnetic field strength is provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 11The physical simulation geometric similarity ratio provided for embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] Symbol explanation:

[0058] Data acquisition module-101, sand box physical model construction module-102, electromagnetic system-103, measurement and control system-104, 1-experimental platform, 2-side baffle, 3-hydraulic lifting support foot, 4-electromagnetic matrix, 5-power supply control line, 6-row and column numbering, 7-magnetic fluid, 8-experimental sand body, 9-power supply control box, 10-computer, 11-fixing plate, 12-U-shaped clamp, 13-fixing screw, 14-90-degree right angle fixture. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] The purpose of this invention is to provide a physical simulation experimental system, method and equipment based on geological structure to solve the problems of low accuracy and reliability of existing experimental data and high cost of experimental consumables and time.

[0061] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] Figure 1An exemplary procedure for the aforementioned physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure is shown. The main objective is to provide an experimental apparatus that allows for real-time modification of material viscosity changes during the simulation of basin tectonic deformation, realizing the influence of material viscosity changes on tectonic deformation patterns and effectively simulating basin tectonic evolution based on material viscosity changes. This apparatus can then guide research on the tectonic evolution of basins containing overpressured mudstone strata. The experimental method includes: the operator adjusting the tilt of the experimental platform via a computer interface to the actual working area; laying magnetic fluid in the target area of ​​the platform; once the surface of the magnetic fluid is flat or at a certain tilt, the operator inputs the magnetic field strength via the computer interface; adjusting the magnetic field strength through the power supply control box of the measurement and control system 104; after reaching the predetermined magnetic field strength, laying experimental sand bodies on the magnetic fluid according to the actual study area conditions; then inputting the tilt data of the experimental platform via the computer interface; and adjusting and controlling the hydraulic lifting support legs via the power supply control box to achieve the predetermined tilt of the experimental platform. The operator then inputs the magnetic field strength again via the computer interface, adjusting the magnetic field strength through the power supply control box of the measurement and control system to change the viscosity of the magnetic fluid, thus simulating the tectonic evolution of basins containing overpressured mudstone strata.

[0063] The following is a detailed explanation of each step.

[0064] Step S1: Obtain relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied.

[0065] The relevant geological data includes: geological structure maps, seismic profile maps, and three-dimensional maps of fault planes;

[0066] The geometric parameters include: the geometric dimensions of the simulated region to be studied, the faults and their attitudes, and the geometric dimensions of the strata they contain;

[0067] The kinematic parameters include: the tectonic evolution characteristics, activity periods, and evolutionary history of the simulated region under study;

[0068] The lithological parameters include: macroscopic rock mechanical parameters of each stratum.

[0069] The macroscopic rock mechanics parameters are converted into microscopic rock mechanics parameters.

[0070] In one example, step S1 can be specifically executed by the data acquisition module 101. Based on the microscopic rock mechanics parameters, dry loose quartz sand with a particle size of 80-120 mesh is selected. This brittle material is used to simulate the upper sandy strata and brittle strata such as uncompressed mudstone in the passive continental margin delta. A thin layer of colored quartz sand is laid inside as a marker layer to identify tectonic deformation phenomena such as folds and faults.

[0071] Step S2: Using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters and lithological parameters, construct a sandbox physical model of the simulated area to be studied;

[0072] Step S3: Determine the size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body based on the relevant geological data; subsequently, the steps also include:

[0073] The state of the physical model of the sand box is adjusted using a measurement and control system; after adjustment, the physical simulation experimental area is determined by a side baffle, and the side baffle is fixed by a fixing system.

[0074] Based on the micromechanical parameters of the rock, select the overlying sand body with a grain size within the preset range.

[0075] In one example, steps S2 and S3 can be specifically executed by the sand box physical model construction module 102. After determining the sand box physical model and dry loose quartz sand, the experimental table state is adjusted by the measurement and control system 104. After the adjustment is completed, the experimental area is determined by two side baffles, and the side baffles are fixed by a fixing system such as fixing plates and fixing screws.

[0076] Step S4: In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain the magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to the first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain the overlying sand box physical model.

[0077] Specifically, it includes:

[0078] Step S41: Adjust the shear rate of the magnetofluid of the physical model of the overlying sand box to a preset shear rate, and slice the physical model of the overlying sand box according to the preset shear rate to obtain the shear stress.

[0079] Step S42: Adjust the magnetic field strength of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid of the physical model of the overlying sand box to the second preset strength value, and slice the physical model of the overlying sand box according to the preset shear rate to obtain the yield stress.

[0080] In one example, the electromagnetic field strength was set to zero, and then a magnetic fluid material was laid in the experimental area. After the surface of the magnetic fluid was flat, the electromagnetic field strength was adjusted to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the experimental material (dry loose quartz sand) was continued to be laid on top of the magnetic fluid.

[0081] Step S4 can be specifically executed by the electromagnetic system 103, which is used to adjust the magnetic field strength and range, thereby controlling the parameters and properties of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The electromagnetic system 103 includes an electromagnet matrix 4, a power supply control line 5, row and column numbering 6, and a magnetohydrodynamic fluid 7. The electromagnet matrix 4 consists of multiple small, circular electromagnets with electromagnetic effects, evenly distributed between two side baffles 2 on the upper surface of the experimental platform 1. The characteristic of the small, circular electromagnets with electromagnetic effects used in the electromagnet matrix 4 is that their magnetic strength depends on the applied voltage; they are non-magnetic when no voltage is applied. The magnetic strength of the electromagnet is positively correlated with the applied voltage. The power supply control line 5 is a conventional wire, and each electromagnet is controlled by a single power supply control line. The control lines 5 are connected, meaning that one power control line 5 controls one corresponding electromagnet. The row and column numbers 6 are used to edit the position of each electromagnet in the electromagnet matrix 4. L is the row number and R is the column number. The magnetic fluid 7 is a colloidal solution formed by a surfactant mixed with magnetic nanoparticles. The magnetic fluid 7 can generate fluidity under the action of an external magnetic field. Within a certain range of magnetic field strength, the viscosity of the magnetic fluid is proportional to the strength of the applied magnetic field. The experimental platform 1 is located between the electromagnet matrix 4 and the magnetic fluid 7 and is used to support the magnetic fluid 7 and other experimental materials on it. The experimental platform 1 can transmit magnetism with approximately zero loss.

[0082] When the magnetic field is strong, the magnetofluid exhibits plasticity; when the magnetic field is weak, it exhibits fluid properties. Each small circular electromagnet has a diameter of 1.5 cm, and every two electromagnets are spaced 5 cm apart. The maximum magnetic field strength that can be generated can transform a 3 cm thick layer of magnetofluid from a fluid state to a plastic state. The electromagnet matrix can be fixed to the experimental platform using screws, double-sided tape, etc. The number of rows and columns of the electromagnet matrix can be adjusted to control the distribution range of the magnetofluid. Simultaneously, the power supply control line is also connected to four hydraulic lifting support legs, which can be raised and lowered via a computer control program.

[0083] Step S5: Adjust the shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; adjust the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress;

[0084] In one example, step S5 can be specifically executed by the measurement and control system 104. The measurement and control system 104 is the central mechanism for the entire experimental setup to conduct simulation experiments. It includes a power supply control box 9 and a computer 10. The power supply control box 9 is the lower-level execution module of the entire experimental setup, capable of supplying power to the electromagnets point-to-point. By controlling the current magnitude, it controls each electromagnet to generate a magnetic field and can adjust the magnetic field strength. The computer 10 is the upper-level control module of the entire experimental setup. The computer 10 contains corresponding control system programs. The experimental operator inputs corresponding control commands into the computer 10, which are transmitted to the power supply control box 9 to control the magnetism of each electromagnet in the electromagnet matrix 4 and the lifting action of each hydraulic lifting support leg 3. The magnetism of a single electromagnet unit in the electromagnet matrix 4 affects the distribution of the entire magnetic field, thus affecting the distribution of magnetohydrodynamic fluid on the experimental platform 1 on the electromagnet matrix 4. The analog signals of each system are converted into digital signals and transmitted to the host computer for real-time status display on the operating interface.

[0085] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 7 The horizontal axis represents the shear rate, and the vertical axis represents the shear stress. Figure 8 The horizontal axis represents magnetic field strength, and the vertical axis represents yield stress. The computer includes an electrically connected host computer and a control system program; the host computer provides an operating interface, displays the current operating status of the device, and provides an input window for operating commands; the control system program includes a programmable logic controller, an A / D converter, and a D / A converter. The servo motor module includes a first servo motor, a second servo motor, a third servo motor, and a fourth servo motor, respectively housed within the four hydraulic lifting support legs. The control system program is connected to a power supply control box via wires, and the power supply control box is connected to the first servo motor, the second servo motor, the third servo motor, the fourth servo motor, and the electromagnetic system. The programmable logic controller (PLC) has a pre-installed control program. The operator inputs control commands through the host computer's interface. The digital signal output from the host computer is transmitted to the control system program. The control system program converts the digital signal from the host computer into an analog signal via a D / A converter and transmits it to the power supply control box. Each system operates according to the input command's requirements. Simultaneously, the control system program receives the status signals from each system, converts the analog signals into digital signals via an A / D converter, and transmits them to the host computer for real-time status display on the interface. The pre-installed program in the control system program can control the power supply control box in the following manner:

[0086] After the computer is powered on, the motor automatically determines the state of the experimental platform, specifically the state of the four hydraulic lifting support legs. Since the degree of lifting of the four hydraulic support legs determines the tilt of the experimental platform, this discussion focuses on the platform being level. When determining the platform's level, parameters such as the thickness and extent of the ductile layers (mudstone, etc.) in the research area are considered. If the strata are of equal thickness during deposition, the magnetofluid is directly applied within a relatively small range. If the strata were deposited in a controlled-depression manner and have varying thicknesses, the computer control system program adjusts the state of the four hydraulic lifting support legs to achieve a certain tilt before applying the magnetofluid within a specific range. During the adjustment of the four hydraulic lifting support legs, certain parameters are set. The system continuously checks whether the target point has been reached during the operation of the four servo motors. If the target point is reached, the motors stop immediately; otherwise, they maintain their original operating state. If no motion time parameter is preset, the system defaults to an infinite time, requiring the operator to issue a stop command or cut off the power via the host computer interface to stop the motors. After the system is powered on, it determines the status of the experimental platform and whether the electromagnetic system is operating normally. If the electromagnetic system is not turned on, the electromagnet matrix will not be energized and the magnetic field strength will be zero. If the electromagnetic system is turned on and is operating normally, the magnetic field strength of the electromagnet matrix will be read and assigned to the corresponding functional module. The four hydraulic lifting support feet and the electromagnetic system are all independently controlled and there is no interlocking relationship. They can be controlled individually or simultaneously.

[0087] Step S6: Obtain the formation viscosity relationship based on the shear stress and the yield stress; the formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

[0088] In one example, step S6 can be specifically executed by the measurement and control system 104.

[0089] In another example, the experimental table system includes an experimental table 1, side panels 2, and hydraulic lifting support legs 3. The experimental table 1 is made of a smooth, rectangular material of tempered glass, which can pass through magnetic fields well without being magnetized. The entire tabletop is a single unit. Four hydraulic lifting support legs 3 are arranged in a rectangle below the experimental table 1. During installation, each leg is equidistant from the nearest vertex of the tabletop. The hydraulic lifting support legs 3 support the tabletop and provide a lifting function, simulating the sliding effect of gravity by tilting the tabletop. There are two side panels 2 located on the experimental table 1. They are made of fiberglass with a thin rubber layer on the bottom. The long side of the side panels 2 is in contact with the tabletop 1. The two side panels 2 are identical in size, width, and thickness. In a top view, the two side panels 2 are mirror images of each other with respect to the narrow side axis of the tabletop 1.

[0090] The experimental platform system supports the entire experimental equipment and controls the experimental area. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 and Figure 10 , Figure 9The horizontal axis represents shear rate, and the vertical axis represents viscosity. Figure 10 The horizontal axis represents magnetic field strength, and the vertical axis represents magnetic induction intensity. The experimental platform system supports the entire experimental equipment and provides a mechanism to limit the experimental area. The hydraulic lifting support legs are retractable, and each hydraulic lifting support leg is fixed to the experimental platform by fixing bolts. An anti-slip device is installed on the bottom of each hydraulic lifting support leg to improve the stability of the experimental platform. There are two side panels on the experimental platform. The two side panels are of the same specification, and the long side panels are in contact with the experimental platform. In the top view, the two side panels are mirror images of each other with respect to the narrow side axis of the experimental platform surface. There are drilled holes on the narrow sides of the side panels for fixing to the fixing plate by fixing screws.

[0091] The fixing system includes fixing plates 11, U-shaped clips 12, fixing screws 13, and 90-degree right-angle fasteners 14. Two fixing plates 11 are located on the experimental table 1, made of fiberglass with a thin rubber layer on the bottom. The long side of each fixing plate 11 is flush with the tabletop 1. The two fixing plates 11 are identical in length, width, and thickness. Each fixing plate 11 has two rectangular transparent slots in its cross-section, allowing the fixing screws 13 to pass through and connect to the side baffle 2 for fixation. In the top view, the four 90-degree right-angle fasteners 14 are mirrored with the central axis of the wide side of the experimental table 1 surface. They are fixed to the fixing plate 14 by eight fixing screws 13. The specific positions of the four 90-degree right-angle fasteners 14 can be seen in the perspective view and the three-view drawing. They are located at the lower left and lower right corners of the fixing plate. The 90-degree right-angle fasteners are parallel and in seamless contact with the experimental table 1. Four U-shaped clamps 12 clamp and fix the 90-degree right-angle fasteners 14 and the experimental table 1, so that the side baffle does not move during the experiment.

[0092] The experimental platform system supports the entire experimental equipment and provides a mechanism to limit the experimental area. It includes: experimental platform 1, side panels 2, and hydraulic lifting support legs 3. Experimental platform 1 is 3m long, 2m wide, and 5cm wide on each side. The tabletop is made of tempered glass, solid inside, with a flat, slightly rough surface providing high friction to effectively secure the side panels, mounting plates, and other experimental instruments. The platform allows for effective passage of magnetic fields without interfering with their strength or range. The entire platform is a single unit. (Viewed from above the device...) Figure 4As shown, with the lower left corner coordinates as (0, 0), the upper right corner coordinates are (300, 200). There is a 1cm diameter drill hole at each of the following locations on the lower surface of the experimental platform: (38, 38), (38, 48), (48, 38), (48, 48), (38, 162), (38, 152), (48, 162), (38, 152), (262, 38), (262, 48), (252, 48), (252, 38), (252, 162), (252, 152), (262, 162), (262, 152). Four hydraulic lifting support legs 3 are arranged in a rectangular pattern below the experimental platform 1. The hydraulic lifting support legs can be freely retracted, with a maximum extension (retraction) range of 0.5-1.2m, a width of 5cm, and a height of 5cm. During installation, each table leg is equidistant from the nearest vertex of the experimental platform. Each hydraulic lifting support leg is fixed to the experimental platform 1 with four 1cm diameter bolts. The bolts are located at the drilled holes on the lower surface of the experimental platform. An anti-slip device is installed on the bottom of each hydraulic lifting support leg to improve the stability of the experimental platform. There are two side panels 2 on the experimental platform 1, each 2m long, 20cm high, and 3cm wide. They are made of fiberglass with a thin rubber layer on the bottom to prevent the side panels from sliding and the magnetic fluid from spilling outside the experimental area. The two side panels are identical in length, width, and height. The long side of the side panel fits into the experimental platform. In the top view, the two side panels are mirror images of each other with respect to the narrow side axis of the experimental platform's surface. There are two 1cm diameter drilled holes on the narrow sides of the side panels for fixing to the fixing plate with screws.

[0093] The experimental setup described in this invention aims to fill the gap in existing sandbox physical simulation experimental setups, which cannot effectively simulate the impact of mudstone viscosity variations on tectonic deformation patterns in overpressured mudstone formations under gravity, nor can they simulate the influence of mudstone viscosity variations on basin tectonic evolution and the study of basin tectonic evolution containing overpressured mudstone formations. Please refer to... Figure 11 The emergence of this experimental device not only fills the aforementioned gap, but also, because the device adopts a semi-automatic setting during the experiment, the viscosity coefficient of the simulated material can be arbitrarily set as needed to simulate the viscosity changes of actual strata during tectonic evolution. There is no need to change the material, and the parameters set each time are accurate and easy to record. The human intervention in the process is much less than that of traditional sand box physical simulation experiments, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of experimental data. In addition, it can meet the requirements of multiple viscosity coefficients at the same time using a set of simulated experimental materials, which greatly saves the cost of experimental consumables and time.

[0094] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention effectively fill the gap in existing sand box physical simulation experimental devices, which cannot effectively simulate the influence of mudstone viscosity changes on tectonic deformation patterns under gravity on tough overpressure mudstone formations.

[0095] This invention can effectively simulate the basin tectonic evolution of mudstone viscosity changes, thereby guiding the study of basin tectonic evolution containing overpressured mudstone strata and filling the gap in existing research techniques.

[0096] The semi-automatic operation and flexible real-time control of this invention greatly reduce errors caused by human factors, thus significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of experiments.

[0097] The operation of this invention is extremely simple. Even experimenters who are using the device for the first time can perform the experiment simulation very well by simply understanding how to use the device.

[0098] This invention can simultaneously meet the requirements of various viscosity coefficients using a set of simulated experimental materials. By changing the set parameters, multiple experimental results can be simulated, resulting in multiple sets of effective experimental data, which greatly saves on the cost of experimental consumables and time.

[0099] To achieve the above objectives, embodiments of the present invention also provide the following solutions:

[0100] Please see Figure 2 A physical simulation experimental system based on geological structure, comprising:

[0101] The data acquisition module 101 is used to acquire relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied;

[0102] The sand box physical model construction module 102 is connected to the data acquisition module 101, and the sand box physical model construction module 102 is used for:

[0103] A sandbox physical model of the simulated area under study was constructed using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters.

[0104] The size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body are determined based on the relevant geological data.

[0105] Electromagnetic system 103 is connected to the sand box physical model construction module 102, and electromagnetic system 103 is used for:

[0106] In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain a magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain an overlying sand box physical model.

[0107] The measurement and control system 104 is connected to the electromagnetic system 103, and the measurement and control system 104 is used for:

[0108] The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress.

[0109] The formation viscosity relationship is obtained based on the shear stress and the yield stress; the formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

[0110] Furthermore, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may include: a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus. The processor, communication interface, and memory communicate with each other via the communication bus. The processor can call a computer program stored in the memory to execute the aforementioned physical simulation experimental method based on geological structures.

[0111] Furthermore, when the computer program in the aforementioned memory is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0112] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed, implements the aforementioned physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure.

[0113] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0114] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of the embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure, characterized in that, include: Obtain relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied; A sandbox physical model of the simulated area under study was constructed using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters. The size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body are determined based on the relevant geological data. In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain a magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain an overlying sand box physical model. The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress. The formation viscosity relationship is obtained based on the shear stress and the yield stress. The formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

2. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The relevant geological data includes: geological structure maps, seismic profile maps, and three-dimensional maps of fault planes; The geometric parameters include: the geometric dimensions of the simulated region to be studied, the faults and their attitudes, and the geometric dimensions of the strata they contain; The kinematic parameters include: the tectonic evolution characteristics, activity periods, and evolutionary history of the simulated region under study; The lithological parameters include: macroscopic rock mechanical parameters of each stratum.

3. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The macroscopic rock mechanics parameters are converted into microscopic rock mechanics parameters.

4. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the micromechanical parameters of the rock, select the overlying sand body with a grain size within the preset range.

5. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the extent of the overlying sand body based on the relevant geological data, the process also includes: The state of the physical model of the sand box is adjusted using a measurement and control system; after adjustment, the physical simulation experimental area is determined by a side baffle, and the side baffle is fixed by a fixing system.

6. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shear rate of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress, specifically including: The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate, and the physical model of the overlying sand box is sliced ​​according to the preset shear rate to obtain the shear stress.

7. The physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetic field strength of the magnetic fluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain the yield stress, specifically including: The magnetic field strength of the magnetohydrodynamic fluid of the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value, and the physical model of the overlying sand box is sliced ​​according to the preset shear rate to obtain the yield stress.

8. A physical simulation experimental system based on geological structure, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters of the simulated area to be studied; The sandbox physical model construction module, connected to the data acquisition module, is used for: A sandbox physical model of the simulated area under study was constructed using the similarity constitutive relation method and based on the relevant geological data, geometric parameters, kinematic parameters, and lithological parameters. The size of the physical model of the sand box, the size of the magnetofluid, the thickness of the overlying sand body, and the range of the overlying sand body are determined based on the relevant geological data. An electromagnetic system, connected to the sandbox physical model construction module, is used for: In an environment with zero magnetic field strength, the magnetic fluid is uniformly applied to the physical model of the sand box to obtain a magnetic fluid sand box physical model; then, the magnetic field strength is adjusted to a first preset strength value to change the magnetic fluid from a fluid state to a plastic state, and the overlying sand body is applied on the magnetic fluid to obtain an overlying sand box physical model. The measurement and control system, connected to the electromagnetic system, is used for: The shear rate of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a preset shear rate to obtain shear stress; the magnetic field strength of the magnetofluid in the physical model of the overlying sand box is adjusted to a second preset strength value to obtain yield stress. The formation viscosity relationship is obtained based on the shear stress and the yield stress. The formation viscosity relationship is used to characterize the results of the physical simulation experiment based on geological structure.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the physical simulation experiment method based on geological structure as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed, it implements the physical simulation experimental method based on geological structure as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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