Sunken well with adjustable sinking friction

Abstract

The application discloses a sinking well with adjustable sinking friction, which comprises a well body, an adjusting shell arranged outside the well body, a synchronous wheel arranged on the adjusting shell, and a self-adapting adjusting device arranged in the adjusting shell. The synchronous wheel comprises a first synchronous wheel and a second synchronous wheel. The first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel are synchronously rotated by being installed around the adjusting shell, so that the speed of the well body is ensured to be the same during sinking, and the problem that the sinking amount of different parts is deviated during the sinking well construction, so that the posture of the sinking well is deviated, even cannot sink or suddenly sinks, is avoided. The self-adapting adjusting device is arranged in the adjusting shell, and when the posture of the well body is deviated, the self-adapting adjusting device replaces the synchronous wheel on one side of sinking, is fixed with the inner wall of the well, and the other side of the well body is sunk until the posture of the well body is corrected. The posture of the well body is controlled by pure mechanical control, compared with the electric drive control by a data collector in the prior art, so that maintenance is simple, and the price is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, specifically to a caisson with adjustable sinking friction resistance. Background Technology

[0002] A caisson is a cylindrical structure. Soil is excavated inside the caisson, and it sinks to the designed elevation under its own weight, overcoming the frictional resistance of the caisson walls. The bottom is then sealed with concrete, and the caisson's borehole is filled, making it the foundation for bridge piers or other structures. It is used in the construction of foundation pits for large bridge piers, sewage pumping stations, large equipment foundations, civil defense shelters, shield tunnel assembly shafts, and hydraulic foundations for underground tracks and stations.

[0003] During caisson construction, uncertainties in the geological strata and construction process can easily lead to deviations in the amount of sinking at different locations, causing the caisson's posture to deviate, and sometimes resulting in failure to sink or sudden sinking. The sinking of a caisson mainly relies on the balance between its own weight and resistance. While its own weight is fixed, the lateral and end resistances are subject to considerable uncertainty.

[0004] Chinese Patent Application No. 202110987536.7 discloses an adjustable sinking friction caisson, comprising a caisson body, a friction adjustment unit, and a data acquisition device. The caisson body includes a caisson wall with several openings around its perimeter. The friction adjustment unit is located at each opening and corresponds to one opening. Each friction adjustment unit includes a driver connected to the caisson body and a telescopic component connected to the driver. The telescopic component is slidably connected to the caisson body through the openings. The driver is used to extend the telescopic component out of or retract it into the caisson wall. The data acquisition device is located on the caisson body and electrically connected to the driver, used to collect the caisson's attitude and sinking data. This invention provides an adjustable sinking friction caisson that appropriately regulates the sinking resistance through friction adjustment units located at different positions, solving the problem of deviations in sinking at different locations during caisson construction, leading to caisson attitude deviations, or even failure to sink or sudden sinking, which is present in current technologies. This invention has significant effects and is suitable for widespread application.

[0005] While this patent solves the problem of deviations in the amount of sinking at different parts during the construction of caissons, which leads to deviations in the caisson's posture, or even failure to sink or sudden sinking, the technology is complex to maintain and expensive due to its electric drive control via a data acquisition device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a caisson with adjustable sinking friction, which solves the problems of complex maintenance and high cost associated with existing technologies that rely on electric drive control via data acquisition devices.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A sinking friction adjustable caisson includes a caisson body, an adjusting shell is provided on the outside of the caisson body, the adjusting shell is connected to the caisson body, a synchronous wheel is provided on the adjusting shell, and an adaptive adjusting device is provided inside the adjusting shell;

[0009] The synchronizing pulleys include a first synchronizing pulley and a second synchronizing pulley.

[0010] Preferably, the well body is provided with a crossbeam and a longitudinal beam, both of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the well body. The crossbeams and longitudinal beams are arranged intersectingly, and the intersection positions of the crossbeams and longitudinal beams are fixed to each other.

[0011] Preferably, a limiting balance rod is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell, the limiting balance rod is inserted into the well body side wall, a spring is sleeved on the limiting balance rod, the spring is located between the adjusting shell and the well body side wall, and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the adjusting shell and the well body side wall.

[0012] Preferably, a first rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the adjusting housing, and a plurality of first synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft, with the first synchronous pulleys located on the outside of the adjusting housing.

[0013] A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the middle section of the first rotating shaft. The first bevel gear meshes with a second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft passes through the adjusting shell and is inserted into the well body.

[0014] Preferably, a third bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft located inside the well body, the third bevel gear meshes with a fourth bevel gear, and the fourth bevel gear is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the well body.

[0015] Preferably, the drive shaft includes a sleeve shaft and a plug shaft, the plug shaft being inserted into the sleeve shaft, and the insertion cross section of the sleeve shaft and the plug shaft is non-circular;

[0016] The sleeve shaft is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the insertion shaft is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear.

[0017] Preferably, the first bevel gear meshes with the fifth bevel gear, the fifth bevel gear is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft, the other end of the second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the sixth bevel gear, the sixth bevel gear meshes with the seventh bevel gear, the seventh bevel gear is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft, the third rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting housing, and a plurality of second synchronous pulleys are fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft. The second synchronous pulleys are parallel to the first synchronous pulley connected in the same adjusting housing, and the second synchronous pulleys rotate in the same direction as the first synchronous pulleys.

[0018] Preferably, the adaptive adjustment device includes an adjustment pin that penetrates the adjustment housing and is slidably connected to the adjustment housing. One end of the adjustment pin located inside the adjustment housing is fixedly connected to a connecting plate, and the connecting plate abuts against the automatic adjustment component.

[0019] Preferably, the automatic adjustment component includes a fixing plate, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment shell. A balance shaft is rotatably connected to the fixing plate. The balance shaft is rotatably connected to the pressing shell. The pressing shell abuts against the connecting plate. A placement shell is provided inside the pressing shell. The placement shell is slidably connected to the pressing shell and rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft. The adjustment shaft is rotatably connected to the pressing shell.

[0020] A counterweight is fixedly connected inside the housing.

[0021] Preferably, a fixing member is fixedly connected to the mounting shell, and the fixing member is connected to the pressing shell.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This invention ensures that the caisson sinks at the same speed around the perimeter by using a first synchronous wheel and a second synchronous wheel installed around the adjustment shell to rotate synchronously. When the caisson sinks, the protrusions on the outer periphery of the first and second synchronous wheels contact the inner wall of the caisson, increasing the friction between them. This ensures that the rolling speed of any set of synchronous wheels relative to the inner wall of the caisson is the same. When the synchronous wheels roll at the same speed relative to the inner wall of the caisson, the sinking speed of the caisson around the perimeter of the caisson is the same. This avoids the problem of deviations in the sinking amount of different parts during the construction of the caisson, which could lead to deviations in the caisson's posture, failure to sink, or even sudden sinking.

[0024] Meanwhile, an adaptive adjustment device is installed inside the regulating shell. When the well body deviates from its attitude, the adaptive adjustment device replaces the synchronous wheel on the sinking side and is fixed to the inner wall of the well. The other side of the well body sinks until the well body attitude is corrected. When the well body attitude is corrected, the adaptive adjustment device is retracted and the synchronous wheel continues to play its role. The adaptive adjustment device further ensures the sinking attitude of the well body.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention uses purely mechanical control for the attitude control of the well body, which is simpler to maintain and less expensive than the existing technology that uses electric drive control via a data acquisition device. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a top view of the synchronous pulley connection structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the synchronous pulley connection structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a left-side view of the adaptive adjustment device structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a front view schematic diagram of the automatic adjustment component structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Well body; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Longitudinal beam; 4. Adjusting shell; 5. Limiting balance bar; 6. Spring; 7. First rotating shaft; 8. First synchronous pulley; 9. First bevel gear; 10. Second bevel gear; 11. Casing shaft; 12. Insertion shaft; 13. Third bevel gear; 14. Fourth bevel gear; 15. Fifth bevel gear; 16. Second rotating shaft; 17. Sixth bevel gear; 18. Seventh bevel gear; 19. Third rotating shaft; 20. Second synchronous pulley; 21. Adjusting pin; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Automatic adjustment component; 24. Fixing plate; 25. Balance shaft; 26. Press-fit shell; 27. Adjusting shaft; 28. Mounting shell; 29. ​​Counterweight; 30. Fixing component. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Please see Figure 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a sinking friction adjustable caisson, including a caisson body 1, an adjustment shell 4 is provided on the outside of the caisson body 1, the adjustment shell 4 is connected to the caisson body 1, a synchronous wheel is provided on the adjustment shell 4, and an adaptive adjustment device is provided inside the adjustment shell 4;

[0035] The synchronization pulleys include a first synchronization pulley 8 and a second synchronization pulley 20.

[0036] Preferably, both the first synchronous pulley 8 and the second synchronous pulley 20 have protrusions on their outer periphery to increase friction.

[0037] Preferably, the well body 1 is provided with a crossbeam 2 and a longitudinal beam 3, both of which are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the well body 1. The crossbeam 2 and the longitudinal beam 3 are arranged intersectingly, and the intersection positions of the crossbeam 2 and the longitudinal beam 3 are fixed to each other.

[0038] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0039] This invention ensures that the caisson 1 sinks at the same speed around the perimeter by synchronously rotating the first synchronous wheel 8 and the second synchronous wheel 20 installed around the adjusting shell 4. When the caisson 1 sinks, the protrusions on the outer perimeter of the first synchronous wheel 8 and the second synchronous wheel 20 contact the inner wall of the caisson, increasing the friction between them. This ensures that the rolling speed of any set of synchronous wheels relative to the inner wall of the caisson is the same. When the synchronous wheels roll at the same speed relative to the inner wall of the caisson, the sinking speed of the caisson 1 around the perimeter is the same. This avoids the problem of deviation in the sinking amount of different parts during the construction of the caisson, which could lead to deviation in the caisson posture, failure to sink, or sudden sinking.

[0040] Meanwhile, an adaptive adjustment device is installed inside the adjustment shell 4. When the attitude of the well body 1 deviates, the adaptive adjustment device replaces the synchronous wheel on the sinking side and is fixed to the inner wall of the well. The other side of the well body 1 sinks until the attitude of the well body 1 returns to the correct position. When the attitude of the well body 1 returns to the correct position, the adaptive adjustment device is retracted and the synchronous wheel continues to play its role. The adaptive adjustment device further ensures the sinking attitude of the well body 1.

[0041] Furthermore, the attitude control of the well body 1 in this invention adopts pure mechanical control, which is simple to maintain and has a lower price compared with the existing technology that uses electric drive control through a data acquisition device;

[0042] A crossbeam 2 and a longitudinal beam 3 are intersecting and fixed to each other inside the well body 1, which increases the strength of the well body 1.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Please see Figure 2-3 Based on Embodiment 1, a limiting balance rod 5 is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell 4. The limiting balance rod 5 is inserted into the side wall of the well body 1. A spring 6 is sleeved on the limiting balance rod 5. The spring 6 is located between the adjusting shell 4 and the side wall of the well body 1, and the two ends of the spring 6 are respectively connected to the adjusting shell 4 and the side wall of the well body 1.

[0045] Preferably, a first rotating shaft 7 is rotatably connected inside the adjusting shell 4, and a plurality of first synchronous pulleys 8 are fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 7, with the first synchronous pulleys 8 partially located on the outside of the adjusting shell 4;

[0046] A first bevel gear 9 is fixedly connected to the middle section of the first rotating shaft 7. The first bevel gear 9 meshes with a second bevel gear 10. The second bevel gear 10 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft passes through the adjusting shell 4 and is inserted into the well body 1.

[0047] Preferably, a third bevel gear 13 is fixedly connected to one end of the drive shaft located inside the well body 1. The third bevel gear 13 meshes with a fourth bevel gear 14, and the fourth bevel gear 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the well body 1.

[0048] Preferably, the drive shaft includes a sleeve shaft 11 and a plug shaft 12, the plug shaft 12 being plugged into the sleeve shaft 11, and the plug-in cross section of the sleeve shaft 11 and the plug shaft 12 is non-circular;

[0049] The sleeve shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 10, and the insertion shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear 13.

[0050] Preferably, the first bevel gear 9 meshes with the fifth bevel gear 15, the fifth bevel gear 15 is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft 16, the other end of the second rotating shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the sixth bevel gear 17, the sixth bevel gear 17 meshes with the seventh bevel gear 18, the seventh bevel gear 18 is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 19, the third rotating shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting housing 4, and a plurality of second synchronous pulleys 20 are fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft 19. The second synchronous pulleys 20 are parallel to the first synchronous pulley 8 connected in the same adjusting housing 4, and the second synchronous pulleys 20 and the first synchronous pulley 8 rotate in the same direction.

[0051] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0052] The present invention provides adjusting shells 4 on all sides of the well body 1, and sets first synchronous wheels 8 and second synchronous wheels 20 on the adjusting shells 4. They are connected by several bevel gears and shafts to ensure that the first synchronous wheels 8 and second synchronous wheels 20 set on the same side rotate in the same direction, and rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. All the first synchronous wheels 8 and second synchronous wheels 20 rotate at the same speed, ensuring that the rolling speed of any set of synchronous wheels relative to the inner wall of the well is the same. When the synchronous wheels roll at the same speed relative to the inner wall of the well, when the well body 1 sinks, the sinking speed of the well body 1 around the inner wall of the well is the same. This avoids the problem of deviation in the sinking amount of different parts during the construction of the caisson, which may lead to deviation of the caisson posture, or even failure to sink or sudden sinking.

[0053] When the adjusting shell 4 is installed on the side of the well body 1, symmetrical limit balance rods 5 and springs 6 are set so that the adjusting shell 4 can move relative to the well body 1. This allows the first synchronous wheel 8 and the second synchronous wheel 20 on the adjusting shell 4 to adapt to wells of different sizes and to ensure the friction between the first synchronous wheel 8 and the second synchronous wheel and the well wall, thus preventing slippage between the first synchronous wheel 8 and the second synchronous wheel and the well wall, which would affect the sinking of the well body 1.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] Please see Figure 4-5Based on Embodiment 1, the adaptive adjustment device includes an adjustment pin 21 that penetrates the adjustment shell 4 and is slidably connected to the adjustment shell 4. One end of the adjustment pin 21 located inside the adjustment shell 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 22, and the connecting plate 22 is slidably connected to the automatic adjustment component 23.

[0056] Preferably, the automatic adjustment component includes a fixing plate 24, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment shell 4. A balance shaft 25 is rotatably connected to the fixing plate 24. The balance shaft 25 is rotatably connected to the pressing shell 26. The pressing shell 26 is slidably connected to the connecting plate 22. A placement shell 28 is provided inside the pressing shell 26. The placement shell 28 is slidably connected to the pressing shell 26 and rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft 27. The adjustment shaft 27 is rotatably connected to the pressing shell 26.

[0057] A counterweight 29 is fixedly connected inside the housing 28.

[0058] Preferably, a fixing member 30 is fixedly connected to the mounting shell 28, and the fixing member 30 is connected to the pressing shell 26.

[0059] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows:

[0060] The present invention is equipped with an adaptive adjustment device. When the well body 1 deviates in attitude, the pressing shell 26 on the lower side deflects around the balance axis 25 under the action of the counterweight 29 and the mounting shell 28. The pressing shell 26 presses the connecting plate 22, causing the connecting plate 22 to drive the adjusting pin 21 to extend out of the adjusting shell 4. The adjusting pin 21 is inserted into the well wall, and this side is temporarily stationary, while the other side continues to descend under the action of gravity. When the well body 1 returns to the correct attitude, the pressing shell 26 returns to the correct attitude under the action of the counterweight 29 and the mounting shell 28, driving the connecting plate 22 to move. This causes the connecting plate 22 to drive the adjusting pin 21 to retract, and the adjusting pin 21 disengages from the well wall. The synchronous wheel continues to play its role, and the well body 1 sinks in the normal attitude.

[0061] By rotating the mounting shell 28 and fixing the relative position of the mounting shell 28 and the pressing shell 26 by the fixing member 30, the initial extension length of the adjusting pin 21 is changed. By changing the extension length of the adjusting pin 21, the sensitivity of the adaptive adjustment device to the well body 1 position adjustment is changed, making the device more practical.

[0062] The present invention further ensures the sinking attitude of the well body 1 by setting an adaptive adjustment device.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Moreover, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0064] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A caisson with adjustable sinking friction resistance, characterized in that: Includes a well body (1), an adjustment shell (4) is provided on the outside of the well body (1), the adjustment shell (4) is connected to the well body (1), a synchronous wheel is provided on the adjustment shell (4), and an adaptive adjustment device is provided inside the adjustment shell (4); The synchronous pulleys include a first synchronous pulley (8) and a second synchronous pulley (20); The adaptive adjustment device includes an adjustment pin (21), which penetrates the adjustment shell (4) and is slidably connected to the adjustment shell (4). One end of the adjustment pin (21) located inside the adjustment shell (4) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (22), and the connecting plate (22) abuts against the automatic adjustment component (23). The automatic adjustment component (23) includes a fixing plate (24), which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the adjustment shell (4). A balance shaft (25) is rotatably connected to the fixing plate (24). The balance shaft (25) is rotatably connected to the pressing shell (26). The pressing shell (26) abuts against the connecting plate (22). A placement shell (28) is provided inside the pressing shell (26). The placement shell (28) is slidably connected to the pressing shell (26) and rotatably connected to the adjustment shaft (27). The adjustment shaft (27) is rotatably connected to the pressing shell (26). A counterweight (29) is fixedly connected inside the housing (28); A fastener (30) is fixedly connected to the mounting shell (28), and the fastener (30) is connected to the pressing shell (26).

2. The adjustable sinking friction caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well body (1) is provided with a crossbeam (2) and a longitudinal beam (3). The crossbeam (2) and the longitudinal beam (3) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the well body (1). The crossbeam (2) and the longitudinal beam (3) are arranged in a cross pattern, and the cross positions of the crossbeam (2) and the longitudinal beam (3) are fixed to each other.

3. The adjustable sinking friction caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting balance rod (5) is fixedly connected to the adjusting shell (4). The limiting balance rod (5) is inserted into the side wall of the well body (1). A spring (6) is sleeved on the limiting balance rod (5). The spring (6) is located between the adjusting shell (4) and the side wall of the well body (1), and the two ends of the spring (6) are respectively connected to the adjusting shell (4) and the side wall of the well body (1).

4. The adjustable sinking friction caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rotating shaft (7) is rotatably connected inside the adjusting shell (4), and a plurality of first synchronous pulleys (8) are fixedly connected on the first rotating shaft (7). The first synchronous pulleys (8) are located on the outside of the adjusting shell (4). A first bevel gear (9) is fixedly connected to the middle section of the first rotating shaft (7). The first bevel gear (9) meshes with a second bevel gear (10). The second bevel gear (10) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft passes through the adjusting shell (4) and is inserted into the well body (1).

5. A sinking friction adjustable caisson according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive shaft is fixedly connected to a third bevel gear (13) at one end inside the well body (1). The third bevel gear (13) meshes with a fourth bevel gear (14), and the fourth bevel gear (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the well body (1).

6. A sinking friction adjustable caisson according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drive shaft includes a sleeve shaft (11) and a plug shaft (12). The plug shaft (12) is inserted into the sleeve shaft (11), and the insertion cross section of the sleeve shaft (11) and the plug shaft (12) is non-circular. The sleeve shaft (11) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (10), and the plug shaft (12) is fixedly connected to the third bevel gear (13).

7. A sinking friction adjustable caisson according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first bevel gear (9) meshes with the fifth bevel gear (15). The fifth bevel gear (15) is fixedly connected to one end of the second rotating shaft (16). The other end of the second rotating shaft (16) is fixedly connected to the sixth bevel gear (17). The sixth bevel gear (17) meshes with the seventh bevel gear (18). The seventh bevel gear (18) is fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (19). The third rotating shaft (19) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the adjusting shell (4). Several second synchronous pulleys (20) are fixedly connected to the third rotating shaft (19). The second synchronous pulleys (20) are parallel to the first synchronous pulley (8) connected in the same adjusting shell (4), and the second synchronous pulleys (20) and the first synchronous pulley (8) rotate in the same direction.

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