Intelligent heat dissipation skin based on bionic structure and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kind of intelligent heat dissipation skin based on bionic structure and its preparation method, belongs to the field of intelligent heat dissipation, the intelligent heat dissipation skin includes ZrO2 ceramic array, bottom plate and a plurality of heat dissipation fluff and limit ring, wherein: ZrO2 ceramic array is fixed on the bottom plate;Each heat dissipation fluff is fixed on the upper surface of ZrO2 ceramic array respectively;Each limit ring is sleeved on the outside of heat dissipation fluff and is fixed on the bottom plate.The application can drive heat dissipation fluff to stand or lie down at a certain angle like human body hair when ZrO2 ceramic array shrinks or expands with the change of temperature, so as to regulate the contact area of air flow and intelligent heat dissipation skin, so as to realize intelligent heat dissipation by changing heat dissipation speed, without using complex temperature control system, can realize temperature self-adaptive intelligent control, and can realize long-term use and keep performance stable in multiple cycles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent heat dissipation, and more specifically, relates to an intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] High-performance electronic devices, high-power computing systems, and artificial intelligence all generate significant amounts of heat during operation, and effective heat dissipation is crucial for ensuring stable performance and extending lifespan. Smart thermal skin can mimic biological thermoregulation mechanisms to achieve efficient heat dissipation. In wearable technology, it can improve user comfort and health; in aerospace, it can be used on aircraft surfaces to enhance thermal management efficiency; and in medical devices, it can be applied to prosthetic implants to ensure patient safety and comfort. Therefore, smart thermal skin has potential applications across multiple fields.

[0003] However, the research field of smart thermal skin is facing a series of problems and challenges, some of which urgently need to be addressed to promote the development and practical application of this technology. First, material selection is a crucial research issue; choosing materials with good phase transition properties and long-term stability directly affects the performance and usability of the thermal skin. Second, intelligent temperature regulation is a key issue. Smart thermal skin needs to be able to sense ambient temperature and device load and automatically adjust its heat dissipation capacity. Therefore, intelligent temperature regulation is essential to ensure the system's efficiency and reliability. Another challenge is biocompatibility. For smart thermal skins used in medical devices and wearable technologies, it is essential to ensure that they do not trigger allergic reactions or other adverse reactions when in contact with the human body. This requires further research to develop biocompatible coatings and materials. Finally, reliability and durability in practical applications are issues that need to be addressed. Smart thermal skin must be able to maintain stable performance during long-term use and multiple cycles, which requires further research to improve the durability of materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a smart heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure and its preparation method, aiming to solve the problems of poor stability, complex temperature regulation and poor biocompatibility of existing smart heat dissipation skin.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a smart heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure is provided. This smart heat dissipation skin includes a ZrO2 ceramic array, a base plate, and several heat dissipation fibers and limiting rings, wherein: the ZrO2 ceramic array is fixed to the base plate and is used to contract or expand with temperature changes; each of the heat dissipation fibers is fixed to the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array to move up and down under the influence of the ZrO2 ceramic array; each of the limiting rings is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding heat dissipation fiber and fixed to the base plate, used to limit the movement of the heat dissipation fibers, causing them to stand upright or lie down, thereby adjusting the contact area between the airflow and the smart heat dissipation skin to change the heat dissipation rate.

[0006] As a further preferred embodiment, the intelligent heat dissipation skin also includes an amorphous alloy coating that covers the base plate, leaving only a space for expansion and contraction above the ZrO2 ceramic array.

[0007] As a further preferred embodiment, the grain size of the ZrO2 ceramic array is 0.05 μm to 700 μm.

[0008] As a further preferred embodiment, the amorphous alloy coating is made of an amorphous alloy material with a critical amorphous formation size of not less than 10 mm, a supercooled liquid phase temperature range of greater than 50 K, and a thermoplastic forming capability index of greater than 0.15.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the heat-dissipating fibers are made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 4 W / (m·K).

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the surface of the heat-dissipating velvet is deposited with an amorphous alloy coating.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the limiting ring is made of an amorphous alloy.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a smart heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1 fabricates a ZrO2 ceramic array on a substrate;

[0014] S2 fixes several heat-dissipating fibers onto the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array;

[0015] S3 places the limiting ring on the outside of the corresponding heat dissipation velvet and fixes it to the base plate, thereby producing the intelligent heat dissipation skin.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment, step S1 further includes: depositing an amorphous alloy around the ZrO2 ceramic array to cover the substrate, leaving only a stretch space above the ZrO2 ceramic array.

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment, step S2 further includes: depositing an amorphous alloy on the outer layer of the heat dissipation velvet.

[0018] In summary, the technical solutions conceived by this invention have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] 1. This invention utilizes the characteristic that ZrO2 ceramic undergoes a phase transition and volume change with temperature. It proposes fixing heat-dissipating fibers above a ZrO2 ceramic array and using limiting rings to restrict the movement of these fibers. This allows the heat-dissipating fibers to "stand" or "lie down" at a certain angle, similar to human body hair, as the ZrO2 ceramic array contracts or expands with temperature changes. This regulates the contact area between airflow and the intelligent heat-dissipating skin, thereby achieving intelligent heat dissipation by changing the heat dissipation rate. This intelligent heat-dissipating skin does not require a complex temperature control system and can achieve temperature adaptive intelligent control. Furthermore, the phase transition of the ZrO2 ceramic array with temperature change is an infinitely reversible process. Therefore, the intelligent heat-dissipating skin provided by this invention can achieve long-term use and maintain stable performance through multiple cycles.

[0020] 2. In particular, this invention utilizes the excellent mechanical properties, good processing performance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, excellent soft magnetic, hard magnetic and thermal and electrical conductivity of amorphous alloys to propose covering the base plate with an amorphous alloy coating. This not only effectively improves the service life of the intelligent heat dissipation skin in various harsh environments, but also achieves good biocompatibility, thereby further expanding the application range of the intelligent heat dissipation skin.

[0021] 3. In addition, considering that grain size affects the phase transition temperature of the ZrO2 ceramic array from the tetragonal phase to the monoclinic phase, this invention optimizes the grain size of the ZrO2 ceramic array to ensure that the intelligent heat dissipation skin can meet the usage requirements at different operating temperatures. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation process of the intelligent heat dissipation skin provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an intelligent heat dissipation skin provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fibers "lying down" and (b) is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation fibers "standing up";

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ZrO2 ceramic array fixed on the base plate in the intelligent heat dissipation skin provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-dissipating hairs in the intelligent heat-dissipating skin provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the intelligent heat dissipation skin provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0027] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein:

[0028] 1-ZrO2 ceramic array, 2-heat dissipation fuzz, 3-limiting ring, 4-amorphous alloy coating, 5-base plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] like Figure 2-4 As shown, this invention provides a biomimetic intelligent heat dissipation skin, which includes a ZrO2 ceramic array 1, a base plate 5, and several heat dissipation fibers 2 and limiting rings 3. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is fixed to the base plate 5 and is used to contract or expand with temperature changes. The number of ZrO2 ceramic blocks in the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 can be adjusted arbitrarily according to usage requirements. The thickness of the base plate 5 does not exceed 1 mm to ensure that the intelligent heat dissipation skin has good thermal conductivity. Each heat dissipation fiber 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 to move up and down under the influence of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1. Each limiting ring 3 is fitted around the outside of the corresponding heat dissipation fiber 2 and fixed to the base plate 5 to limit the movement of the heat dissipation fiber 2, causing it to stand or lie down, thereby adjusting the contact area between the airflow and the intelligent heat dissipation skin to change the heat dissipation speed.

[0031] Furthermore, the intelligent heat dissipation skin also includes an amorphous alloy coating 4, which covers the base plate 5, leaving only a space for expansion and contraction above the ZrO2 ceramic array 1. Due to the unique amorphous structure of the amorphous alloy, it does not have the defects such as grain boundaries, dislocations, and segregation commonly found in crystalline alloys. It also possesses superior mechanical properties, good processing performance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and excellent soft and hard magnetic properties, as well as thermal and electrical conductivity compared to various traditional materials. Therefore, the composition of the amorphous alloy coating 4 can be changed according to the specific application environment of the intelligent heat dissipation skin to better meet the usage requirements (including but not limited to use in harsh environments with strong corrosion and strong oxidation). Preferably, the amorphous alloy coating 4 uses an amorphous alloy material with an amorphous formation critical size of not less than 10 mm, a supercooled liquid phase temperature range ΔTx greater than 50 K, and a thermoplastic forming capability index S greater than 0.15, preferably ZrO2. 55 Cu 30 Al 10 Ni5, Zr 50Cu 40 Al 10 or Zr 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 11 Be 22.5 Meanwhile, the thickness of the amorphous alloy coating 4 does not exceed the critical size for amorphous formation of the amorphous alloy.

[0032] Furthermore, considering that the grain size effect in ZrO2 ceramics affects the phase transition temperature from the tetragonal phase (t phase) to the monoclinic phase (m phase), generally, the larger the ZrO2 grain size, the higher the phase transition temperature of the m phase, requiring a higher temperature to trigger the phase transition to the t phase. However, as the ZrO2 grain size decreases, due to surface and size effects, the phase transition temperature from the m phase to the t phase usually decreases. This means that ZrO2 with small grain sizes will undergo a phase transition at a lower temperature. This invention can design ZrO2 ceramic arrays with different grain sizes to meet the application requirements at different operating temperatures. The grain size of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is preferably 0.05 μm to 700 μm. Specifically, when the grain size is 0.7 μm, the phase transition temperature is approximately 350 °C, and when the grain size is less than 0.5 μm, the phase transition temperature is approximately room temperature.

[0033] Furthermore, the heat dissipation velvet 2 is made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 4 W / (m·K), such as pure copper, pure aluminum, or pure titanium. The heat dissipation velvet 2 can be of any shape, with a length not exceeding 2 mm. Simultaneously, an amorphous alloy coating 4 of the same composition is deposited on the surface of the heat dissipation velvet 2, thus serving as a protective layer to improve its service life and adapt to various harsh application environments.

[0034] Furthermore, the limiting ring 3 is made of an amorphous alloy, and its composition is the same as that of the amorphous alloy coating 4.

[0035] This invention utilizes the characteristic of volume change accompanying the phase transition of ZrO2 from the m-phase to the t-phase, and considers the human body structure, where organisms such as humans and animals primarily regulate body temperature through sweat glands and hair, to propose a biomimetic intelligent heat-dissipating skin. As temperature changes, the ZrO2 ceramic array 1, through its own volume contraction or expansion, drives the heat-dissipating fibers 2 to "stand" or "lie" at a certain angle, similar to human body hair, to regulate the contact area between airflow and the intelligent heat-dissipating skin, thereby altering the rate of heat dissipation. Figure 5As shown, when the temperature rises to the phase transition temperature of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 from phase m to phase t, the volume of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 contracts and drives the heat dissipation fibers 2 to move downward. Under the action of the limiting ring 3, the heat dissipation fibers 2 stand at a certain angle like body hair to increase the contact area between the airflow and the intelligent heat dissipation skin and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. When the temperature drops to the phase transition temperature of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 from phase t to phase m, the volume of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 expands and drives the heat dissipation fibers 2 to move upward. Under the action of the limiting ring 3, the heat dissipation fibers 2 lie down like body hair to reduce the contact area between the airflow and the intelligent heat dissipation skin, reduce the heat dissipation efficiency, and maintain the current temperature.

[0036] This invention can design ZrO2 ceramic arrays 1 with different grain sizes according to usage requirements to meet the usage needs at different operating temperatures. It can also change the composition of the amorphous alloy coating 4 according to the specific application environment of the smart heat dissipation skin to better meet the usage needs, thereby enabling wider application in high-performance electronic devices, medical devices, aerospace and other fields, and better addressing the thermal management needs of modern science and engineering fields.

[0037] Meanwhile, the intelligent heat dissipation skin provided by this invention eliminates the need for a complex temperature control system. It relies solely on the ZrO2 ceramic array to self-regulate based on temperature, achieving adaptive intelligent heat dissipation. This not only helps devices maintain stable performance within a suitable temperature range but also prevents overheating under high loads by increasing heat dissipation efficiency, thereby maintaining optimal device performance and extending its lifespan. Furthermore, the phase transition of the ZrO2 ceramic array with temperature change is an infinitely reversible process. Therefore, the intelligent heat dissipation skin provided by this invention can maintain stable performance during long-term use and multiple cycles, exhibiting excellent reliability and durability.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, according to another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a smart heat dissipation skin is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1 prepares a ZrO2 ceramic array 1 on a substrate 5, deposits an amorphous alloy around the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 to cover the substrate, and leaves a stretching space only above the ZrO2 ceramic array 1.

[0040] S2 fixes several heat-dissipating fibers 2 onto the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 respectively;

[0041] S3 passes the limiting ring 3 through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and fixes it to the adjacent base plate 5, thereby creating a smart heat dissipation skin.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S1, the prepared ZrO2 ceramic array 1 can be fixed on the base plate 5, or the ZrO2 ceramic array can be obtained by precisely cutting the ZrO2 ceramic plate using a high-energy focused ion beam.

[0043] Furthermore, step S2 also includes: depositing an amorphous alloy on the outer layer of the heat-dissipating texture 2 to form a protective layer, thereby improving the service life of the heat-dissipating texture 2 and adapting it to various harsh application environments. Preferably, physical vapor deposition is used to deposit the amorphous alloy.

[0044] The technical solution provided by the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] (1) A ZrO2 ceramic plate with a thickness of 1 mm was precisely cut by a high-energy focused ion beam to obtain a ZrO2 ceramic array 1 with a grain size of 300 μm. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is arranged in 100 rows, with 100 ZrO2 ceramic blocks in each row, for a total of 10,000.

[0047] (2) Select Zr with an average particle size of 30 μm prepared by vacuum atomization. 55 Cu 30 Al 10 Ni5 amorphous alloy powder, Zr 55 Cu 30 Al 10 The critical size for the formation of Ni5 amorphous alloys is greater than 20 mm, and the glass transition temperature T5 is [not specified]. g The initial crystallization temperature is 412℃, and the initial crystallization temperature is T. x The temperature is 492℃, and the liquidus temperature T is... L The temperature was 891℃; Zr was deposited via physical vapor deposition. 55 Cu 30 Al 10 Ni5 amorphous alloy is deposited on the substrate 5 and the ZrO2 ceramic array 1. A certain space is left above the ZrO2 ceramic array 1 for shrinkage and expansion. No amorphous alloy is deposited in this part. The thickness of the deposited amorphous alloy coating is 2 mm.

[0048] (3) Pure copper was selected as the heat dissipation fuzz, cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 1 mm. It was then mounted on the ZrO2 ceramic array. 55 Cu 30 Al 10 A limiting ring 3 made of Ni5 amorphous alloy passes through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and is fixed to the amorphous alloy coating 4 adjacent to the heat dissipation velvet 2.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] (1) A ZrO2 ceramic plate with a thickness of 1 mm was precisely cut by a high-energy focused ion beam to obtain a ZrO2 ceramic array 1 with a grain size of 700 μm. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is arranged in 100 rows, with 100 ZrO2 ceramic blocks in each row, for a total of 10,000.

[0051] (2) Select Zr with an average particle size of 30 μm prepared by vacuum atomization. 50 Cu 40 Al 10 Amorphous alloy powder, Zr is deposited by physical vapor deposition 50 Cu 40 Al 10 Amorphous alloy is deposited on ZrO2 ceramic array 1. A certain space is left above ZrO2 ceramic array 1 for contraction and expansion. No amorphous alloy is deposited in this part. The thickness of the deposited amorphous alloy coating is 3 mm.

[0052] (3) Pure aluminum was selected as the heat dissipation fuzz, cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 0.2 mm and a length of 1.5 mm. It was then mounted on a ZrO2 ceramic array. 50 Cu 40 Al 10 A limiting ring made of amorphous alloy passes through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and is fixed to the amorphous alloy coating 4 adjacent to the heat dissipation velvet 2.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] (1) A ZrO2 ceramic plate with a thickness of 1 mm was precisely cut by a high-energy focused ion beam to obtain a ZrO2 ceramic array 1 with a grain size of 0.05 μm. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is arranged in 100 rows, with 100 ZrO2 ceramic blocks in each row, for a total of 10,000.

[0055] (2) Select Zr with an average particle size of 30 μm prepared by vacuum atomization. 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 11 Be 22.5 Amorphous alloy powder, Zr is deposited by physical vapor deposition 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 11 Be 22.5 Amorphous alloy is deposited on ZrO2 ceramic array 1. A certain space is left above ZrO2 ceramic array 1 for contraction and expansion. No amorphous alloy is deposited in this part. The thickness of the deposited amorphous alloy coating is 1 mm.

[0056] (3) Pure titanium was selected as the heat dissipation velvet, cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 0.01 mm and a length of 0.1 mm. It was then mounted on a ZrO2 ceramic array. 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 11 Be 22.5 A limiting ring made of amorphous alloy passes through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and is fixed to the amorphous alloy coating 4 adjacent to the heat dissipation velvet 2.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] (1) A ZrO2 ceramic plate with a thickness of 1 mm was precisely cut by a high-energy focused ion beam to obtain a ZrO2 ceramic array 1 with a grain size of 0.05 μm. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is arranged in 100 rows, with 100 ZrO2 ceramic blocks in each row, for a total of 10,000.

[0059] (2) Pure aluminum was selected as the heat dissipation fuzz, cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 0.01 mm and a length of 0.1 mm. It was then mounted on a ZrO2 ceramic array. 50 Cu 40 Al 10 An amorphous alloy limiting ring passes through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and is fixed to the base plate 5 adjacent to the heat dissipation velvet 2.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] (1) A ZrO2 ceramic array 1 with a grain size of 100 μm is prepared on the base plate 5. The ZrO2 ceramic array 1 is arranged in 100 rows, with 100 ZrO2 ceramic blocks in each row, for a total of 10,000.

[0062] (2) Pure titanium was selected as the heat dissipation fuzz, cylindrical in shape with a diameter of 0.05 mm and a length of 0.5 mm. It was then mounted on a ZrO2 ceramic array. 41.2 Ti 13.8 Cu 12.5 Ni 11 Be 22.5 An amorphous alloy limiting ring passes through the heat dissipation velvet 2 and is fixed to the base plate 5 adjacent to the heat dissipation velvet 2.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure, characterized in that, The intelligent heat dissipation skin includes a ZrO2 ceramic array (1), a base plate (5), and several heat dissipation fibers (2) and limiting rings (3), wherein: the ZrO2 ceramic array (1) is fixed on the base plate (5) and is used to contract or expand with temperature changes; each of the heat dissipation fibers (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array (1) so as to move up and down under the drive of the ZrO2 ceramic array (1); each of the limiting rings (3) is sleeved on the outside of the corresponding heat dissipation fiber (2) and fixed on the base plate (5) to limit the movement of the heat dissipation fiber (2) so that it stands or lies down, thereby adjusting the contact area between the airflow and the intelligent heat dissipation skin to change the heat dissipation speed.

2. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent heat dissipation skin also includes an amorphous alloy coating (4), which covers the base plate (5) and leaves a space for expansion and contraction only above the ZrO2 ceramic array (1).

3. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ZrO2 ceramic array (1) has a grain size of 0.05 μm to 700 μm.

4. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The amorphous alloy coating (4) is made of amorphous alloy material with a critical amorphous formation size of not less than 10 mm, a supercooled liquid phase temperature range of more than 50 K, and a thermoplastic forming capability index of more than 0.

15.

5. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat dissipation velvet (2) is made of a metal material with a thermal conductivity greater than 4 W / (m·K).

6. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the heat dissipation velvet (2) is deposited with an amorphous alloy coating (4).

7. The intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The limiting ring (3) is made of amorphous alloy.

8. A method for preparing a smart heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S1. A ZrO2 ceramic array (1) is prepared on a substrate (5); S2 fixes several heat-dissipating fibers (2) onto the upper surface of the ZrO2 ceramic array (1); S3 places the limiting ring (3) on the outside of the corresponding heat dissipation velvet (2) and fixes it on the base plate (5) to obtain the intelligent heat dissipation skin.

9. The method for preparing intelligent heat dissipation skin based on biomimetic structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: depositing an amorphous alloy around the ZrO2 ceramic array (1) to cover the substrate, leaving only a stretch space above the ZrO2 ceramic array (1).

10. The method for preparing intelligent heat dissipation skin based on a biomimetic structure as described in claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, Step S2 further includes: depositing an amorphous alloy on the outer layer of the heat dissipation velvet (2).

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