A three-stage direct current generator rotor structure

Abstract

The application provides a three-stage direct current generator rotor structure, which comprises a hollow shaft, a main generator rotor, a main exciter rotor, a secondary exciter rotor, a rotating rectifier assembly and a collector ring assembly, the main generator rotor, the main exciter rotor and the secondary exciter rotor are coaxially installed on the hollow shaft, the main exciter rotor is integrally assembled with the rotating rectifier assembly and the collector ring assembly; a reinforcing end plate is fixed at the end of the main generator rotor core, slot wedges are embedded between the poles, the slot wedges are welded with the reinforcing end plate, and the slot wedges are tightly fastened by an outer sheath at the end through interference, and a gap is left between the slot wedges and the core pole shoes. The application realizes a 50kW high-voltage three-stage direct current generator rotor structure which can withstand a high speed of 28000r / min, the rotor structure can stably operate in high-speed rotation, and the function of the three-stage power generation system is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a rotor structure for a three-stage DC generator, belonging to the field of electrical engineering technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasingly complex international situation, developing advanced aerospace equipment has become fundamental for a nation's self-reliance and strength. This invention relates to a high-speed, high-voltage DC three-stage generator, equipped in an advanced aerospace system. This generator employs oil-injection cooling, with a maximum speed of 28,000 r / min and a power output of 50 kW. Based on existing three-stage generator rotor structures, the maximum speed that most rotors can withstand is below 20,000 r / min, and even the few rotor structures capable of withstanding speeds above 20,000 r / min cannot meet the 50 kW power output requirement. Therefore, existing three-stage generator rotors cannot meet the high-speed (28,000 r / min) and high-power (50 kW) requirements of new aerospace equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a three-stage DC generator rotor structure.

[0004] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] This invention provides a three-stage DC generator rotor structure, comprising a hollow shaft, a main generator rotor, a main exciter rotor, an auxiliary exciter rotor, a rotating rectifier assembly, and a bus ring assembly. The main generator rotor, the main exciter rotor, and the auxiliary exciter rotor are coaxially mounted on the hollow shaft. The main exciter rotor is integrally assembled with the rotating rectifier assembly and the bus ring assembly. The main generator rotor and the main exciter rotor are directly connected through windings on the main generator. A reinforcing end plate is fixed to the end of the main generator rotor core, and slot wedges are embedded between the poles. The slot wedges are welded to the reinforcing end plates and are interference-fitted at the ends by an outer sheath. A gap is left between the slot wedges and the pole shoes of the core.

[0006] The reinforced end plate has an integrated limiting structure to limit and protect the windings on the iron core.

[0007] The reinforcing end plate and the slot wedge are made of the same material, and the reinforcing end plate and the slot wedge are welded together to form an integrated structure.

[0008] The groove wedge has a two-level nested triangular structure. There is a groove in the middle of the groove wedge where it meets the iron core. A gap is formed between the groove wedge and the iron core. There is a concave platform structure at the end of the groove wedge. An outer sheath is installed at the position of the concave platform structure.

[0009] The bus ring assembly, the rotary rectifier assembly, and the main exciter rotor are integrated into one assembly, and the main exciter rotor is fitted with an outer protective sleeve.

[0010] One end of the main excitation winding of the main exciter rotor is limited by the outer sheath and the rectifier sheath, and the other end is limited by the inner sheath and the outer sheath; the inner sheath and the rectifier sheath are installed and fixed by bolts and anti-loosening nuts.

[0011] The main exciter rotor is horizontally mounted with a lead bolt, through which the lead wire passes axially and connects to the busbar assembly. The end of the lead bolt is fitted with an anti-loosening nut for limit and fixation.

[0012] The lead wire is a flat copper wire, which is bent into an L-shaped structure at the end. There is a conductive washer between the L-shaped lead wire and the wire guide bolt. The conductive washer has a recess for embedding the L-shaped lead wire. The wire guide bolt is covered with an insulator.

[0013] The busbar assembly consists of alternating layers of positive and negative busbars, with insulating plates tightly attached to the surfaces of both the positive and negative busbars; the core of the main exciter rotor is formed by laminations I and II stacked together.

[0014] The inner ring of the auxiliary exciter rotor is an auxiliary exciter yoke, and auxiliary exciter magnets are evenly distributed on the outer circle of the auxiliary exciter yoke. Arc-shaped magnet stops are installed between the auxiliary exciter magnets. The magnet stops and the outer ring of the auxiliary exciter magnets are fitted with an auxiliary exciter sleeve. The inner ring of the auxiliary exciter yoke is fitted on a hollow shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it realizes a 50kW high-voltage DC three-stage generator rotor structure that can withstand high speeds of 28,000 r / min. This rotor structure can operate stably during high-speed rotation, ensuring the functional realization of the three-stage power generation system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of at least one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the main generator rotor;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Internal structure diagram;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle groove wedge;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the mating structure of the iron core and the slot wedge;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the rotor of the main exciter;

[0022] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Internal structure diagram;

[0023] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the middle bus ring assembly;

[0024] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation method of the middle bus ring;

[0025] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the inner and outer sheaths and the main excitation winding;

[0026] Figure 11 yes Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the core structure corresponding to the main excitation winding;

[0027] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rotor of the intermediate exciter.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Hollow shaft, 2-Main generator rotor, 3-Main exciter rotor, 4-Auxiliary exciter rotor, 5-Bushing, 6-Key, 7-Locking nut, 8-Wire guide sleeve, 9-Bearing, 10-Outer sleeve, 11-Lead wire, 12-Wire guide slot, 201-Reinforcing end plate, 202-Winding, 203-Core, 204-Slot wedge, 205-Gap, 13-Bucket ring assembly, 14-Rotating rectifier assembly, 15-Inner sleeve. 16-Wire guide bolt, 17-Anti-loosening nut, 18-Conductive washer, 19-Rectifier sleeve, 20-Main excitation winding, 21-Insulator, 301-Bus ring, 302-Bus ring positive terminal, 303-Bus ring negative terminal, 304-Insulating plate, 23-Bolt, 24-Anti-loosening nut, 25-Laminator I, 26-Laminator II, 27-Secondary excitation magnet, 28-Secondary excitation sleeve, 29-Magnet stop, 30-Secondary excitation yoke. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 12The diagram illustrates a three-stage DC generator rotor structure, comprising a hollow shaft, a main generator rotor, a main exciter rotor, an auxiliary exciter rotor, a rotating rectifier assembly, and a bus ring assembly. The main generator rotor, main exciter rotor, and auxiliary exciter rotor are coaxially mounted on the hollow shaft. The main exciter rotor is integrated with the rotating rectifier assembly and the bus ring assembly. The main generator rotor and the main exciter rotor are directly connected via windings on the main generator. The core of the main generator rotor is fixed with a reinforcing end plate, and slot wedges are embedded between the poles. The slot wedges are welded to the reinforcing end plates and are interference-fitted at the ends by an outer sheath. A gap is left between the slot wedges and the pole shoes of the core.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Based on Embodiment 1, an integrated limiting structure on the reinforced end plate 201 provides limiting protection for the winding 202 on the iron core 203.

[0034] Furthermore, the reinforcing end plate 201 and the slot wedge 204 are made of the same material, and the reinforcing end plate 201 and the slot wedge 204 are welded to form an integrated structure. Furthermore, the cross section of the slot wedge 204 is a two-level nested triangular structure. There is a groove at the middle of the slot wedge where it meets the iron core pole shoe. A gap 205 is formed between the slot wedge and the iron core. The end of the slot wedge 204 has a concave platform structure, and an outer sheath 10 is installed at the position of the concave platform structure.

[0035] Furthermore, the inner ring of the auxiliary exciter rotor 4 is an auxiliary exciter yoke 30, the outer circle of the auxiliary exciter yoke 30 is evenly distributed with auxiliary exciter magnets 27, the auxiliary exciter magnets 27 are fitted with arc-shaped magnet stops 29 between them, the magnet stops 29 and the outer ring of the auxiliary exciter magnets 27 are fitted with an auxiliary exciter sleeve 28, and the inner ring of the auxiliary exciter yoke 30 is fitted on the hollow shaft 1.

[0036] Example 3

[0037] Based on Embodiment 1, the main excitation rotor 3 is integrated with the bus ring assembly 13 and the rotary rectifier assembly 14, and the main exciter rotor 3 is fitted with an outer sheath 10.

[0038] Furthermore, one end of the main excitation winding of the main exciter rotor is limited by the outer sheath and the rectifier sheath, and the other end is limited by the inner sheath and the outer sheath; the inner sheath and the rectifier sheath are installed and fixed by bolts and anti-loosening nuts.

[0039] Furthermore, a pass-through bolt 16 is installed transversely on the bus ring assembly 13, and the lead wire 11 passes through the pass-through bolt 16 axially to connect and conduct. The end of the pass-through bolt 16 is fitted with an anti-loosening nut 17 for limiting and fixing.

[0040] Furthermore, the lead wire is directly led out from the main generator winding and is a flat copper wire. It is bent into an L-shaped structure at the end. There is a conductive washer between the L-shaped lead wire and the lead bolt. The conductive washer has a groove for embedding the L-shaped lead wire. The lead bolt is covered with an insulator.

[0041] Furthermore, the bus ring assembly 13 is constructed by alternating layers of bus ring positive electrode 302 and bus ring negative electrode 303, with insulating plates 304 tightly attached to the surfaces of both bus ring positive electrode 302 and bus ring negative electrode 303; the core of the main exciter rotor 3 is formed by laminations I25 and II26.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] Based on the above embodiments, the main generator rotor consists of an iron core, windings, reinforcing end plates, sheaths, slot wedges, and wire passage slots. The slot wedges are made of titanium alloy and serve as structural components to limit winding deformation. The reinforcing end plates are made of high-strength titanium alloy to bear the end stress concentration caused by boundary effects, and also to bear the centrifugal force of the windings, preventing damage to the windings under high-speed rotation conditions. Welding with the slot wedges can further limit the deformation of the slot wedges and reduce the centrifugal force applied to the iron core during the rotation of the slot wedges. At the same time, the sheaths are assembled at the ends of the reinforcing end plates and slot wedges using a heat-shrink method. The prestress in the sheaths can further limit the deformation of the reinforcing end plates and slot wedges, thereby reducing the centrifugal force applied to the iron core by the windings and slot wedges. The wire passage slots are bonded to the end face of the reinforcing end plates and are pressed tightly against the end face of the reinforcing end plates by the wire passage sheaths. The main generator windings pass under the boss of the wire passage slots. When the rotor rotates, the boss of the wire passage slots can withstand the centrifugal force of the windings, thus achieving the protection of the winding passage area.

[0044] The main exciter assembly is formed by integrating the main exciter, rotating rectifier, and busbar assembly. It consists of an iron core, windings, sheath, diodes, diode brackets, lead bolts, positive and negative busbar terminals, several bolts, an insulating sheath, and insulating gaskets. The outer sheath, designed in a trumpet shape, restricts winding deformation, with its small opening close to the iron core end face. After the winding is shaped, it mates with the outer sheath to restrict axial movement of the winding. The inner sheath restricts overall winding eccentricity. The inner sheath and rectifier sheath are assembled onto the main exciter core using screws and nuts. Due to the restrictive effect of the iron core, the inner sheath and rectifier sheath cannot become eccentric, thus achieving the function of restricting winding eccentricity. Three diode brackets are fixed together with bolts to form a ring-shaped mounting bracket. The bracket is insulated with insulating gaskets, and the bolts are insulated from the bracket with insulating sleeves. The diodes are fixed to the brackets by their bottom threads. The outer circle of the bracket contacts the rectifier sheath, which restricts the deformation of the diodes and diode brackets and bears their centrifugal force. The bus ring assembly consists of a positive terminal, a negative terminal, and an insulating plate. It is fixed to the main excitation rotor core by bolts and nuts. The positive and negative terminals of the bus ring each have three connection ports, which are connected to rectifier diodes and Zener diodes evenly distributed along the circumference, respectively. In addition to fixing the diodes, the diode bracket also conducts electricity. The electricity generated by the main exciter rotor is introduced into the diode bracket through the connection terminals, and then into the positive and negative terminals of the bus ring through the rectifier diodes and Zener diodes, realizing the conversion of AC to DC. The positive and negative terminals of the bus ring are connected to the wire guide bolt. The flat copper wire of the main generator rotor winding passes through the wire guide hole on the wire guide sleeve, and then through the wire guide bolt. The bolt is fitted with a conductive copper ring. After the enamel of the flat copper wire is removed, it is bent at the groove of the copper ring. The conductive copper ring is tightened with a lock nut to realize the connection between the bus ring and the main generator rotor.

[0045] The auxiliary exciter consists of a magnetic yoke, magnets evenly distributed along the circumference, magnet stops, and a protective sleeve. The magnet stops balance the deformation of the protective sleeve, making the magnets more evenly stressed.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, more specifically, reinforcing end plates are added to both ends of the main generator core, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, due to the boundary effect, stress concentration occurs on both axial end faces of the iron core. Placing reinforcing end plates on the iron core end faces shifts the stress concentration point from the iron core to the outer reinforcing end plates, where the high-strength reinforcing end plates bear the high stress, thus achieving stress transfer and reducing the stress on the iron core. Simultaneously, an integrated winding limiting structure is installed on the reinforcing end plates, providing protection for the end windings under high-speed conditions. This structure achieves both stress transfer and winding protection.

[0048] The reinforcing end plate and the slot wedge are made of the same material and welded at the ends, which can fix the two ends of the slot wedge. The two ends are covered with a heat-shrink sleeve to apply a pre-tightening force to the slot wedge and the reinforcing end plate, thereby reducing the deformation of the reinforcing end plate and the slot wedge when subjected to centrifugal force, and thus reducing the core stress.

[0049] Use grooves and wedges dug on the left and right sides, such as Figure 4 As shown, the slotted wedge is fixed at both ends. Under high-speed conditions, the deformation of the slotted wedge is less than the groove depth on the left and right end faces. Therefore, the centrifugal force of the slotted wedge cannot be transmitted to the iron core, which can significantly reduce the stress on the iron core. At the same time, under the pre-tightening force at both ends of the slotted wedge, the slotted wedge can reduce the stress on the iron core under high-speed conditions by pressing the iron core tightly from the side. This structure can achieve unidirectional protection of the iron core.

[0050] Hollow bolts are designed with axially drilled through holes for easy wire passage. The main generator's lead wires pass through the busbar ring using a combination of a wire-passing sleeve and a wire-passing bolt. The main generator's lead wires pass directly through the holes in the sleeve and bolt. The lead wires are bent at the end of the bolt to engage with the groove of the conductive copper washer, and then tightened with a lock nut to achieve conductivity and lead wire fixation. Figure 8 As shown, the above structure can complete the lead wire passing, fixing and protection, ensuring that the lead wire can achieve the conductivity function while withstanding a rotation speed of 28000r / min.

[0051] The bus ring assembly is designed as a combination structure of an insulating plate, a positive bus ring, an insulating plate, and a negative bus ring, which is fixed to the main excitation magnet core by bolts and nuts. Figure 9 As shown, both the positive and negative terminals of the bus ring are designed with three evenly distributed conductive plates around the circumference to work with diodes. This allows the positive charge from the rectifier diode and the negative charge from the Zener diode to be combined, thus converting the AC power of the main excitation into DC power. At the same time, both the positive and negative terminals of the bus ring are connected to leads to transmit DC power to the main generator rotor.

[0052] The main exciter end is designed with an inner sheath, which is fixed to the iron core by bolts and nuts. The outer circle of the inner sheath contacts the inner circle of the winding, and the outer circle of the winding contacts the inner circle of the winding sheath. The winding sheath is designed in a trumpet shape, with the small opening touching the end face of the iron core. After the winding is shaped, impregnated, and cured, the axial displacement of the sheath can be restricted, thus fixing the winding sheath. At the same time, through the cooperation of the inner and outer sheaths, such as... Figure 10 As shown in the figure. This structure ensures that the windings do not become eccentric, resulting in a more stable overall structure.

[0053] The main exciter core is designed with two different shapes of laminations stacked together, such as... Figure 11As shown, under the premise of ensuring electromagnetic performance, a certain axial space is reserved in the diode mounting area to ensure diode installation. At the same time, through holes need to be drilled in the axial direction to form an axial flow channel near the diode, which facilitates the cooling oil and gas to cool the diode, thus ensuring installation convenience, structural reliability and efficient heat dissipation at the same time.

[0054] The auxiliary exciter is designed with magnet stops between the magnets, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the magnet baffle is made of a non-magnetic material with a density similar to that of the magnet. During rotor rotation, the centrifugal force generated by the magnet baffle is similar to that generated by the magnet, but the sheath deforms uniformly, reducing the stress concentration phenomenon of the magnet caused by uneven sheath deformation.

Claims

1. A three-stage DC generator rotor structure, comprising a hollow shaft (1), a main generator rotor (2), a main exciter rotor (3), an auxiliary exciter rotor (4), a rotating rectifier assembly (14), and a bus ring assembly (13), characterized in that: The main generator rotor (2), the main exciter rotor (3), and the auxiliary exciter rotor (4) are coaxially mounted on a hollow shaft (1). The main exciter rotor (3) is integrated with the rotating rectifier assembly (14) and the bus ring assembly (13). The main generator rotor (2) and the main exciter rotor (3) are directly connected through the windings (202) on the main generator. The core (203) of the main generator rotor (2) is fixed with a reinforcing end plate (201). A slotted wedge (204) is embedded between the poles. The slotted wedge (204) is welded to the reinforcing end plate (201) and is press-fitted at the end by an outer sheath (10). A gap (205) is left between the slotted wedge (204) and the pole shoe of the iron core (203). The cross section of the slotted wedge (204) is a two-level nested triangular structure. There is a groove in the middle of the slotted wedge (204) where it meets the iron core (203). There is a recessed platform structure at the end of the slotted wedge (204). An outer sheath (10) is installed at the position of the recessed platform structure.

2. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforced end plate (201) has an integrated limiting structure to limit and protect the winding (202) on the iron core (203).

3. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing end plate (201) and the slot wedge (204) are made of the same material, and the reinforcing end plate (201) and the slot wedge (204) are welded to form an integrated structure.

4. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main exciter rotor (3) is fitted with an outer sheath (10).

5. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the main excitation winding (20) of the main exciter rotor (3) is limited by the outer sheath (10) and the rectifier sheath (19), and the other end is limited by the inner sheath (15) and the outer sheath (10); the inner sheath (15) and the rectifier sheath (19) are installed and fixed by bolts (23) and anti-loosening nuts (24).

6. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A through bolt (16) is installed across the main exciter rotor (3). The lead wire (11) passes through the through bolt (16) axially and is connected to the bus ring assembly (13). The end of the through bolt (16) is fitted with an anti-loosening nut (17) for limiting and fixing.

7. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The lead wire (11) is a flat copper wire, which is bent into an L-shaped structure at the end. There is a conductive pad (18) between the L-shaped lead wire and the lead bolt (16). The conductive pad (18) has a recess for embedding the L-shaped lead wire. The lead bolt (16) is covered with an insulator (21).

8. The three-stage DC generator rotor structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bus ring assembly (13) is formed by alternating stacking of the positive bus ring (302) and the negative bus ring (303), with an insulating plate (304) tightly attached to the surfaces of both the positive bus ring (302) and the negative bus ring (303); the core of the main exciter rotor (3) is formed by stacking laminations I (25) and II (26).

9. The rotor structure of the three-stage DC generator as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the auxiliary exciter rotor (4) is an auxiliary exciter yoke (30), and auxiliary exciter magnets (27) are evenly distributed on the outer circle of the auxiliary exciter yoke (30). Arc-shaped magnet stops (29) are installed between the auxiliary exciter magnets (27). The magnet stops (29) and the outer ring of the auxiliary exciter magnets (27) are fitted with auxiliary exciter sleeves (28). The inner ring of the auxiliary exciter yoke (30) is fitted on the hollow shaft (1).

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