A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections of rivers.

Abstract

This invention discloses a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater river sections, comprising a hydropower station, a fishway, and a river channel. The hydropower station includes a main section, with a downstream backwater level downstream of the station. The fishway is located on one side of the hydropower station and includes a fishway inlet, a fishway body, and a fishway outlet. The river channel is located between the fishway inlet and the downstream backwater level, and includes a first channel and a second channel. The first channel is located on the side where the main section is located, and a flow diversion guide wall is located upstream of the second channel. This fish passage device for shallow backwater river sections can seamlessly connect and transition between the hydropower station and the downstream backwater level, forming a suitable swimming zone with a flow velocity that meets the requirements of fish swimming in shallow backwater river sections. It can meet the upstream swimming needs of fish even when the hydropower station is generating power or shut down, ensuring effective fish passage and protecting the ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater river sections. Background Technology

[0002] While dams and other water conservancy projects built on rivers bring enormous economic and social benefits, they also disrupt the original connectivity of rivers, block fish migration routes, and adversely affect fish resources, river biodiversity, and ecosystems. Fishways are structures built at dams, other water conservancy projects, or natural obstacles to facilitate fish migration. In practice, a river often has multiple cascade structures, which can lead to difficulties in water storage at the next cascade, shallow backwater, and a considerable distance between the backwater level and the fishway inlet, significantly impacting fish migration upstream. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections, which can connect and transition with the downstream backwater level, forming a suitable river swimming zone in shallow backwater sections with a flow velocity that meets the requirements of fish swimming.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections includes...

[0005] A hydropower station, comprising a main section, wherein a downstream backwater level is provided downstream of the hydropower station;

[0006] A fishway is located on one side of the hydropower station, and the fishway includes a fishway inlet, a fishway channel, and a fishway outlet.

[0007] The river channel is located between the fishway inlet and the downstream backwater level. The river channel includes a first channel and a second channel. The first channel is located on one side of the main section, and a diversion guide wall is provided upstream of the second channel.

[0008] When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section does not discharge water, and the first channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream; when the hydropower station is shut down, the main section discharges water, and the second channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections has at least the following beneficial effects: The fish passage device of the present invention includes a hydropower station, a fishway, and a channel. The hydropower station includes a main section, and a downstream backwater level is provided downstream of the hydropower station. The fishway is located on one side of the hydropower station and includes a fishway inlet, a fishway channel body, and a fishway outlet. The channel is located between the fishway inlet and the downstream backwater level. The channel includes a first channel and a second channel. The first channel is located on the side where the main section is located. A diversion guide wall is provided upstream of the second channel. When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section does not discharge water, and the first channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. Fish swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the first channel to the fishway inlet. When the hydropower station is shut down, the main section discharges water. At this time, the flow velocity in the first channel is fast. Due to the effect of the diversion guide wall, the second channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. Fish swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the second channel to the fishway inlet. The present invention provides a fish passage channel device suitable for shallow backwater sections, which can connect and transition between the hydropower station and the downstream backwater level, forming a suitable swimming zone in the shallow backwater section with a flow velocity that meets the requirements of fish swimming upstream. It can meet the needs of fish swimming upstream when the hydropower station is generating or shutting down, ensuring the fish passage effect and helping to protect the ecological environment.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when the hydropower station is in the power generation state, the main section does not discharge water, and the water flow velocity in the first channel is less than 1.0 m / s; when the hydropower station is in the shutdown state, the main section discharges water, and the water flow velocity in the second channel is less than 1.0 m / s.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the first channel is greater than the width of the second channel.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the first channel is 10 meters and the width of the second channel is 5 meters.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main body section is provided with a plurality of gate chambers, and the plurality of gate chambers are evenly distributed on the main body section.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fishway body includes a first reflux section, a second upstream section and a third upstream section connected in sequence. The first reflux section is arranged in the downstream direction, and the second upstream section and the third upstream section are arranged in the upstream direction. The fishway inlet is located at the beginning of the first reflux section, and the fishway outlet is located at the end of the third upstream section.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first resting pool is provided between the first reflux section and the second upstream section, and a second resting pool is provided between the second upstream section and the third upstream section.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of transverse partitions are provided inside the fish passage, and a fish passage is formed between the transverse partitions.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a primary energy dissipation pool and a secondary energy dissipation pool are provided downstream of the main body section.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a seawall and an anti-scouring trough are provided downstream of the secondary stilling basin.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the river channel;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of the fishway structure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, inside, outside, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, assembling, and cooperating should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] The following reference Figures 1 to 3 This invention describes a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater river sections, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] An embodiment of the present invention provides a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater river sections, such as... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the structure includes a hydroelectric power station, a fishway, and a river channel. The hydroelectric power station includes a main section 100, with a downstream backwater level downstream of the power station. The fishway is located on one side of the hydroelectric power station and includes a fishway inlet 210, a fishway channel body, and a fishway outlet 230. The river channel is located between the fishway inlet 210 and the downstream backwater level. The river channel includes a first channel 310 and a second channel 320. Fish can swim upstream from the downstream backwater level to the fishway inlet 210 through the first channel 310 and the second channel 320. The river channel can connect and transition between the hydroelectric power station and the downstream backwater level, forming a suitable river swimming zone in the shallow backwater section with a flow velocity that meets the requirements of fish swimming. Specifically, the first channel 310 is located on one side of the main section 100. When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section 100 does not discharge water. At this time, the upstream water mainly flows through the second channel 320. The flow velocity of the second channel 320 is relatively fast. The first channel 310, which is corresponding to the main section 100, has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. Fish can swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the first channel 310 to the fish passage inlet 210. When the hydropower station is shut down, the main section 100 discharges water. The first channel 310 corresponds to the main section 100, and the upstream water mainly flows through the first channel 310. The first channel 310 has a fast flow velocity. A diversion guide wall 330 is set upstream of the second channel 320. The diversion guide wall 330 can increase the resistance of the flood flow, thereby slowing down the flood velocity. Due to the effect of the diversion guide wall 330, the second channel 320 has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. Fish swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the second channel 320 to the fish passage inlet 210. This invention provides a fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater river sections, which can connect and transition between the hydropower station and the downstream backwater level, forming a suitable swimming zone in the shallow backwater river section with a flow velocity that meets the requirements of fish swimming upstream. It can meet the needs of fish swimming upstream when the hydropower station is generating power or shut down, ensuring the fish passage effect and helping to protect the ecological environment.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 Specifically, in some embodiments, when the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section 100 does not discharge water, and the water flow velocity in the first channel 310 is less than 1.0 m / s; when the hydropower station is shut down, the main section 100 discharges water, and the water flow velocity in the second channel 320 is less than 1.0 m / s. When the water flow velocity is less than 1.0 m / s, the flow velocity meets the requirements for fish swimming upstream, ensuring that fish can smoothly swim upstream from the downstream backwater level to the fish passage inlet 210, guaranteeing the fish passage effect, and helping to protect the ecological environment.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the width of the first channel 310 is greater than the width of the second channel 320. The first channel 310 is located on one side of the main section 100, and a diversion guide wall 330 is provided upstream of the second channel 320. When the hydropower station is in a shutdown state, the main section 100 discharges water. The first channel 310 corresponds to the main section 100, and the upstream water mainly flows through the first channel 310. The water volume and flow velocity are large during discharge. The width of the first channel 310 is greater than the width of the second channel 320. The wider first channel 310 can receive more water flow and avoid the water flow velocity in the first channel 310 being too rapid during discharge. The diversion guide wall 330 is located upstream of the second channel 320. The diversion guide wall 330 increases the resistance to flood flow, thereby slowing down the flood velocity. Due to the effect of the diversion guide wall 330, the second channel 320 has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. Fish swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the second channel 320 to the fishway inlet 210. When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section 100 does not discharge water. At this time, the upstream water mainly flows through the second channel 320, where the flow velocity is relatively fast. The first channel 310, corresponding to the main section 100, has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream, allowing fish to swim upstream from the downstream backwater level through the first channel 310 to the fishway inlet 210. Specifically, in some embodiments, the width of the first channel 310 is 10 meters, and the width of the second channel 320 is 5 meters. It is understood that in other embodiments, the widths of the first channel 310 and the second channel 320 can be set according to actual needs, and this invention does not impose any limitations on this.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main body section 100 is provided with multiple gate chambers, which are evenly distributed on the main body section 100. The hydropower station includes the main body section 100, which is provided with multiple gate chambers. The gate chambers are the main part of the hydropower station's sluice gates, used to control water level and flow, and also have seepage and scour prevention functions. With multiple gate chambers evenly distributed on the main body section 100, when the hydropower station is generating electricity, the gate chambers are closed, and the main body section 100 does not release water. The first channel 310 corresponding to the main body section 100 has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream, allowing fish to swim upstream from the downstream return water level through the first channel 310 to the fish passage inlet 210. When the hydropower station is shut down, the gate is opened and the main section 100 discharges water. The first channel 310 corresponds to the main section 100. The upstream water mainly flows through the first channel 310. The first channel 310 has a fast flow velocity. The second channel 320 has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream. The fish swim upstream from the downstream return water level through the second channel 320 to the fish passage inlet 210.

[0033] Reference Figure 3According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fish passage body includes a first reflux section 221, a second upstream section 222 and a third upstream section 223 connected in sequence. The first reflux section 221 is arranged in the downstream direction, and the second upstream section 222 and the third upstream section 223 are arranged in the upstream direction. The fish passage inlet 210 is located at the beginning of the first reflux section 221, and the fish passage outlet 230 is located at the end of the third upstream section 223. The fishway is divided into three interconnected sections: a first reflux section 221, a second upstream section 222, and a third upstream section 223. The first reflux section 221 is set along the downstream direction, while the second and third upstream sections 222 and 223 are set along the upstream direction. The fishway inlet 210 is located on the first reflux section 221, and the fishway outlet 230 is located on the third upstream section 223. The first reflux section 221 is set along the downstream direction, and fish enter the first reflux section 221 from the fishway inlet 210 by the attraction of the water flow. The fish float downstream in the first reflux section 221, and then float upstream in the second and third upstream sections 222 and 223. The third upstream section 223 passes through the hydropower station, and the fishway outlet 230 is located upstream of the hydropower station, enabling fish to swim upstream to the hydropower station.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present invention, a first resting pool 241 is provided between the first reflux section 221 and the second upstream section 222, and a second resting pool 242 is provided between the second upstream section 222 and the third upstream section 223. The purpose of the resting pools is to provide temporary rest for fish during their upstream migration. Specifically, the first resting pool 241 is provided between the first reflux section 221 and the second upstream section 222, and the second resting pool 242 is provided between the second upstream section 222 and the third upstream section 223. Fish can recover their strength in the first resting pool 241 and the second resting pool 242, which is beneficial for the fish to continue upstream migration.

[0035] Reference Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of transverse baffles 250 are provided inside the fish passage, forming a fish passage between the transverse baffles 250. Fish swim through the fish passage between the transverse baffles 250. The arrangement of the transverse baffles 250 can slow down the water flow rate, making it easier for fish to swim back.

[0036] Reference Figure 1According to some embodiments of the present invention, a primary stilling basin 110 and a secondary stilling basin 120 are provided downstream of the main section 100. A stilling basin is an energy dissipation facility that generates a bottom-flow hydraulic jump downstream of a spillway structure. The stilling basin can quickly transform a rapid downstream flow into a slow flow, eliminating 40% to 70% of the kinetic energy of the downstream water flow, making it an effective and economical energy dissipation facility. The hydropower station includes a main section 100, and a primary stilling basin 110 and a secondary stilling basin 120 are provided downstream of the main section 100. A depth difference is provided between the primary stilling basin 110 and the secondary stilling basin 120, so the water flowing from the primary stilling basin 110 to the secondary stilling basin 120 will have its energy consumed again, achieving multi-stage energy dissipation.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 According to some embodiments of the present invention, a sheave 130 and an anti-scouring channel 140 are provided downstream of the secondary stilling basin 120. The sheave 130 is a hydraulic energy dissipation and anti-scouring facility. Specifically, the sheave 130 is located downstream of the secondary stilling basin 120. After the water flow undergoes significant energy dissipation in the primary stilling basin 110 and the secondary stilling basin 120, it still retains a certain amount of residual energy. The sheave 130 can eliminate the residual energy of the water flow, adjust the flow velocity distribution, and evenly diffuse the water flow out of the basin, making it close to the water flow state of a natural river channel, so as to protect the riverbed from scouring. The anti-scouring channel 140 is an anti-scouring facility located at the end of the downstream sheave 130. Specifically, the anti-scouring channel 140 is located at the end of the sheave 130 and is a deep channel filled with stones. It has the function of preventing and mitigating scouring. When the anti-scouring channel 140 is scourted, the stones can automatically disperse and disperse the water flow, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the riverbed.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections of rivers, characterized in that, include: A hydropower station, comprising a main section, wherein a downstream backwater level is provided downstream of the hydropower station; A fishway is located on one side of the hydropower station, and the fishway includes a fishway inlet, a fishway channel, and a fishway outlet. The river channel is located between the fishway inlet and the downstream backwater level. The river channel includes a first channel and a second channel. The first channel is located on one side of the main section, and a diversion guide wall is provided upstream of the second channel. When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section does not discharge water, and the first channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream; when the hydropower station is shut down, the main section discharges water, and the second channel has a water flow velocity suitable for fish to swim upstream.

2. The fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the hydropower station is generating electricity, the main section does not discharge water, and the water flow velocity in the first channel is less than 1.0 m / s; when the hydropower station is shut down, the main section discharges water, and the water flow velocity in the second channel is less than 1.0 m / s.

3. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The width of the first channel is greater than the width of the second channel.

4. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the first channel is 10 meters, and the width of the second channel is 5 meters.

5. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main body section is provided with multiple gate chambers, which are evenly distributed on the main body section.

6. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fishway includes a first reflux section, a second upstream section, and a third upstream section connected in sequence. The first reflux section is arranged in the downstream direction, and the second and third upstream sections are arranged in the upstream direction. The fishway inlet is located at the beginning of the first reflux section, and the fishway outlet is located at the end of the third upstream section.

7. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 6, characterized in that, A first resting pool is provided between the first reflux section and the second upstream section, and a second resting pool is provided between the second upstream section and the third upstream section.

8. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fish passageway is equipped with several horizontal partitions, which form a passage for fish to pass through.

9. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 1, characterized in that, Downstream of the main section, there are a primary energy dissipation pool and a secondary energy dissipation pool.

10. A fish passage device suitable for shallow backwater sections according to claim 9, characterized in that, The downstream of the secondary stilling basin is equipped with a seawall and an anti-scour trough.

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