Dmrs transmission method, channel estimation method, device and apparatus

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a DMRS transmission method, a channel estimation method, equipment and device, the DMRS transmission method is applied to terminal, comprising: determining the first frequency domain for sending preamble sequence;According to the time domain position corresponding to DMRS symbol, insert DMRS symbol on the second frequency domain, the second frequency domain includes other frequency domain except the first frequency domain in the bandwidth part BWP of the terminal;The preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol are sent to network equipment.Through the DMRS transmission method, the channel estimation method, equipment and device provided by the embodiment of the application, the requirement of channel estimation can be met, and the pilot resource required by each terminal can be reduced, so that the collision probability of terminal pilot can be reduced, and more terminals can be supported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a DMRS transmission method, channel estimation method, device, and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Uncoordinated Random Access and Transmission (URAT) is characterized by its ability to simultaneously achieve random access and multiple access transmission without requiring network coordination. Specifically, it does not require network verification of the terminal's access identity or network scheduling of transmission resources. Due to the lack of network coordination, it is impossible to allocate completely orthogonal pilot signals to the terminal, requiring the terminal to autonomously select and transmit pilot signals.

[0003] However, in the existing New Radio (NR) demodulation reference signal (DMRS) configurations, the number of selectable pilots is limited. Even the dual-symbol Type 2 DMRS only supports a maximum of 12 users. When a large number of terminals autonomously select pilots, there is a serious pilot collision problem. Once a pilot collision occurs, it will significantly affect the accuracy of channel estimation and lead to system performance degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of this application provide a DMRS transmission method, a channel estimation method, a device, and an apparatus.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmission method, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0006] Determine the first frequency domain to be used for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0007] According to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol, the DMRS symbol is inserted in the second frequency domain, which includes the other frequency domains in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain.

[0008] The preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol are sent to the network device.

[0009] Optionally, if the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the insertion of DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes:

[0010] DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal at a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain at a second distribution density.

[0011] Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0012] Optionally, determining the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0013] The BWP of the terminal is divided into multiple frequency domains;

[0014] One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence.

[0015] Optionally, selecting one of the plurality of frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0016] Randomly select one frequency domain from the plurality of frequency domains to send the preamble sequence; or,

[0017] Based on the information to be transmitted to the network device as needed, one of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending a preamble sequence.

[0018] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH that transmits the preamble sequence and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH that transmits the DMRS symbols are located within a coherent time interval.

[0019] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0020] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a channel estimation method, applied to a network device, comprising:

[0021] The receiving terminal transmits the preamble sequence and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol.

[0022] Channel estimation is performed based on the preamble sequence to determine a first channel response in a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0023] Channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbol to determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal besides the first frequency domain;

[0024] The channel response on the BWP of the terminal is determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0025] Optionally, if the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the step of performing channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols includes:

[0026] Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in the other frequency domains to determine the channel response in the other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain.

[0027] Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0028] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH that transmits the preamble sequence and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH that transmits the DMRS symbols are located within a coherent time interval.

[0029] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0030] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a terminal, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor:

[0031] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:

[0032] Determine the first frequency domain to be used for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0033] According to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol, the DMRS symbol is inserted in the second frequency domain, which includes the other frequency domains in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain.

[0034] The preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol are sent to the network device.

[0035] Optionally, if the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the insertion of DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes:

[0036] DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal at a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain at a second distribution density.

[0037] Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0038] Optionally, determining the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0039] The BWP of the terminal is divided into multiple frequency domains;

[0040] One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence.

[0041] Optionally, selecting one of the plurality of frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0042] Randomly select one frequency domain from the plurality of frequency domains to send the preamble sequence; or,

[0043] Based on the information to be transmitted to the network device as needed, one of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending a preamble sequence.

[0044] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH that transmits the preamble sequence and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH that transmits the DMRS symbols are located within a coherent time interval.

[0045] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0046] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide a network device, including a memory, a transceiver, and a processor:

[0047] A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations:

[0048] The receiving terminal transmits the preamble sequence and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol.

[0049] Channel estimation is performed based on the preamble sequence to determine a first channel response in a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0050] Channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbol to determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal besides the first frequency domain;

[0051] The channel response on the BWP of the terminal is determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0052] Optionally, if the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the step of performing channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols includes:

[0053] Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in the other frequency domains to determine the channel response in the other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain.

[0054] Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0055] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH that transmits the preamble sequence and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH that transmits the DMRS symbols are located within a coherent time interval.

[0056] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0057] Fifthly, embodiments of this application also provide a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmission device, applied to a terminal, comprising:

[0058] The first determining unit is used to determine the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0059] A pilot insertion unit is used to insert a DMRS symbol in a second frequency domain according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain.

[0060] The transmitting unit is used to transmit the preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol to the network device.

[0061] Sixthly, embodiments of this application also provide a channel estimation apparatus, applied to a network device, comprising:

[0062] The receiving unit is used to receive the preamble sequence and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols transmitted by the terminal.

[0063] The first channel estimation unit is used to perform channel estimation based on the preamble sequence and determine a first channel response in the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence.

[0064] The second channel estimation unit is used to perform channel estimation based on the DMRS symbol and determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain.

[0065] The second determining unit is configured to determine the channel response on the BWP of the terminal based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0066] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a computer to perform the DMRS transmission method described in the first aspect above, or to perform the channel estimation method described in the second aspect above.

[0067] Eighthly, embodiments of this application also provide a communication device, wherein the communication device stores a computer program, the computer program being used to cause the communication device to execute the DMRS transmission method described in the first aspect above, or to execute the channel estimation method described in the second aspect above.

[0068] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a processor-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a processor to execute the DMRS transmission method described in the first aspect above, or to execute the channel estimation method described in the second aspect above.

[0069] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a chip product, wherein the chip product stores a computer program, the computer program being used to cause the chip product to execute the DMRS transmission method described in the first aspect above, or to execute the channel estimation method described in the second aspect above.

[0070] The DMRS transmission method, channel estimation method, device, and apparatus provided in this application embodiment allow the terminal to insert DMRS symbols in frequency domains other than the first frequency domain used for transmitting the preamble sequence, while not inserting or inserting relatively sparse DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain. The network device fully utilizes the information of the preamble sequence and uses the correctly detected preamble sequence as pilot symbols in the corresponding frequency domain for joint channel estimation with DMRS. This satisfies the requirements of channel estimation and reduces the pilot resources required by each terminal, thereby reducing the probability of terminal pilot collisions and supporting more terminals. Attached Figure Description

[0071] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or related technologies of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0072] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the URAT principle provided by related technologies;

[0073] Figure 2 This is a configuration diagram of DMRS Type 1 provided by related technologies;

[0074] Figure 3 This is a configuration diagram of DMRS Type 2 provided by related technologies;

[0075] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the DMRS transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0076] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of DMRS distribution density provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0077] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the preamble sequence and data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the channel estimation method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 8 This is one of the pilot configuration diagrams provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0080] Figure 9 This is the second schematic diagram of pilot configuration provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0081] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0082] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0083] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the DMRS transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0084] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the channel estimation device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0085] In the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0086] In the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar.

[0087] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0088] To facilitate a clearer understanding of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of this application, some technical content related to the various embodiments of this application will be introduced first.

[0089] 1. Non-coordinated random access and transmission technology

[0090] Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the URAT principle for related technologies. In this diagram, the additional bits, also known as metadata bits, are generated from information bits, such as the last few bits of the information bits, or the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits of the information bits.

[0091] The terminal periodically sends a preamble sequence and a data sequence until the maximum number of data sequence transmissions is reached, or until it receives confirmation information from the base station indicating that the network has correctly received the information bits, or until the network broadcasts a message to stop access transmission.

[0092] In the URAT solution, the terminal-side process includes:

[0093] (1) Combine user identity information and user data information to obtain information bits.

[0094] (2) Based on the information bits, additional bits are obtained, such as the CRC bits of the information bits, transmission indication information, and randomization bits.

[0095] (3) Based on the additional bits, perform encoding mapping to generate a preamble sequence.

[0096] (4) Based on the additional bits, generate control information 1 and control information 2 respectively.

[0097] (5) Generate an encoding sequence based on control information 1. For example, the interleaving method used in the encoding sequence is determined by control information 1.

[0098] (6) Generate a data sequence based on control information 2. For example, the repetition pattern of the data sequence is determined by control information 2.

[0099] (7) Multiplex the preamble sequence and the data sequence and send them periodically.

[0100] (8) Receive confirmation information from the base station for the information bits. The confirmation information includes the sequence number of the preamble sequence.

[0101] Non-coordinated random access and transmission technology is a fusion and upgrade of random access technology and multiple access transmission technology. It no longer treats initial access and data transmission as two independent processes, but merges them into one process to support the access and transmission of a large number of terminals, reduce latency, and improve the success rate of access and transmission.

[0102] The significance of non-coordinated random access and transport technologies:

[0103] (1) By combining the transmission and processing of user identity information and user data information, the dynamic coordination on the network side is simplified, the number of users accessing the network is effectively increased, and it is suitable for the access and transmission of massive terminals.

[0104] (2) By integrating the initial access and data transmission processes, the receiving end can simultaneously obtain user identity information and user data information, shortening the transmission delay and making it suitable for burst transmission of small packet data.

[0105] (3) By using enhanced unequal diversity transmission technology, unequal diversity transmission can be achieved for different user sets, effectively improving the success rate of access and transmission, which is beneficial for the access and transmission of high-priority user sets.

[0106] 2. Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) Transmission Scheme in NR

[0107] NR supports four long Preamble formats with a length of 839 and nine short Preamble formats with a length of 139.

[0108] Table 1 shows the subcarrier spacing (SCS), time length, cyclic prefix (CP) length, restricted set, and application scenarios for the four Preamble formats with a sequence length of 839. Among them, L... RA Δf represents the length of the Preamble sequence. RA SCS, N represents the preamble sequence. u Indicates the duration of the Preamble sequence. N represents the duration of CP. u and The unit is T c =1 / (Δf) max ·N f ), Δf max =480×10 3 Hz, N f =4096, k=T s / Tc =64, where T s =1 / (Δf) ref ·N f,ref ), Δf ref =15×10 3 Hz, N f,ref =2048. Compared to PRACH Preamble format 0, PRACH Preamble format 1 has a longer CP and a longer duration, achieving a coverage range of 100km. PRACH Preamble format 3 uses a larger SCS to support high-speed mobile scenarios. The guard time (GT) is not explicitly given in Table 1, but is implicitly included in the PRACH Preamble format by aligning the time slot containing the PRACH Preamble with other time slots based on a 1ms boundary.

[0109] Table 1 shows the PRACH Preamble format with a length of 839.

[0110]

[0111] Of the four Preamble formats with a sequence length of 839, formats 0, 1, 2, and 3 contain Preamble sequences corresponding to one Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, supporting both 1.25kHz and 5kHz SCS, and supporting two cyclic shift-restricted sets: Restriction Type A and Restriction Type B. The maximum frequency shift ranges supported by Restriction Type A and Restriction Type B are SCS and 2 times SCS, respectively: Restriction Type A is suitable for ordinary mobile scenarios, with a corresponding Doppler frequency shift within SCS; Restriction Type B is applied to ultra-high-speed scenarios, with a corresponding Doppler frequency shift between SCS and 2 times SCS.

[0112] A preamble with a sequence length of 139 is used in the 6GHz band, for smaller cell coverage, and for scenarios where the base station uses multi-beam scanning. It supports four SCSs: 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz. Because the SCS is not less than 15kHz, restricted sets are not supported. Table 2 defines the subcarrier spacing, CP length, sequence length, and application scenarios for nine independent preamble formats (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, B4, C0, and C2). The parameter meanings are the same as in Table 1. In PRACH time-frequency resource configuration, in order to utilize time-frequency resources more efficiently and reduce signaling overhead, the preamble formats A1, A2, A3, B1, B4, C0, and C2 in Table 2 are configured and used individually. B2 and B3 can only be combined with A2 and A3 to form A2 / B2 and A3 / B3, respectively. B1 can be configured and used individually or combined with A1 to form A1 / B1. Therefore, for a Preamble format of length 139, a total of 10 system-configurable Preamble formats are supported: A1, A2, A3, B1, B4, A1 / B1, A2 / B2, A3 / B3, C0, and C2. Based on the ratio between the 14 OFDM symbols in a time slot and the number of OFDM symbols in the Preamble format, the maximum number of random access opportunities (RACHoccasion, RO) for the Preamble formats A1, A2, A3, B1, B4, A1 / B1, A2 / B2, A3 / B3, C0, and C2 in a time slot are 6, 3, 2, 7, 1, 7, 3, 2, 7, and 2, respectively. Taking the A1 / B1 format as an example, A1 occupies the first 12 OFDM symbols of a time slot, and B1 occupies the last 2 OFDM symbols.

[0113] Table 2 shows the PRACH Preamble format with a length of 139 (Δf) RA =15×2 μ kHz, μ = {0, 1, 2, 3}

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] 3. DMRS as specified in the NR standard

[0117] In NR, the DMRS of the data channel adopts a forward design approach, whereby the first occurrence of DMRS within each scheduling time unit should be as close as possible to the starting point of scheduling.

[0118] NR's DMRS ports are multiplexed using Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) and Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). Within each CDM group, multiple ports are divided using Orthogonal Complementary Code (OCC), and CDM groups are distinguished from each other using FDM.

[0119] NR supports two DMRS types, which are configured through higher-layer signaling. A DMRS can include one (single-symbol DMRS) or two (double-symbol DMRS) OFDM symbols. The multiplexing and configuration methods for the two DMRS types are described in detail below.

[0120] Figure 2 A configuration diagram of DMRS Type 1 provided for related technologies, such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, for single-symbol DMRS, the subcarriers within an OFDM symbol are divided into two groups of frequency-division comb resources. Each group of comb resources constitutes a CDM group. Within a CDM group, two ports are supported through two OCCs, supporting a maximum of four ports. Dual-symbol DMRS adds time-domain OCCs to the single-symbol structure. Each group of comb resources occupies two consecutive OFDM symbols. Each CDM group implements four orthogonal ports through four time-frequency domain OCCs, thus supporting a maximum of eight orthogonal ports.

[0121] Figure 3 A configuration diagram of DMRS Type 2 provided for related technologies, such as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, for single-symbol DMRS, the subcarriers within an OFDM symbol are divided into 3 CDM groups. Each CDM group consists of two pairs of adjacent subcarriers. Within a CDM group, 2 ports are supported through 2 OCCs, and inter-group FDM is supported, thus supporting a maximum of 6 ports. Dual-symbol DMRS adds time-domain OCCs to the single-symbol structure. Each CDM group occupies two consecutive OFDM symbols, and each CDM group supports 4 orthogonal ports through 4 time-frequency domain OCCs. A maximum of 12 ports are supported across the 3 CDM groups.

[0122] Furthermore, in high-speed mobile scenarios, in addition to the pre-set DMRS, NR requires more DMRS symbols to be inserted during the scheduling duration to ensure estimation of time-varying channels. The NR system employs a structure combining pre-set DMRS with additional DMRS of configurable time-domain density. Each set of additional DMRS patterns is a repetition of the pre-set DMRS; therefore, consistent with the pre-set DMRS, each set of additional DMRS can occupy a maximum of two consecutive OFDM symbols. Depending on the specific use case and mobility, up to three sets of additional DMRS can be configured. The number of additional DMRS depends on the higher-layer parameter configuration and the specific scheduling duration.

[0123] In uncoordinated random access and transmission technologies, the receiver separates multi-user signals through Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC). The performance of receiver SIC largely depends on the accuracy of channel estimation and channel state information acquisition. However, due to the lack of network coordination, it is impossible to allocate completely orthogonal pilots to terminals, requiring terminals to autonomously select and transmit pilots. Faced with scenarios involving a massive number of terminals and the limited number of selectable pilots in existing solutions (even dual-symbol Type 2 DMRS only supports a maximum of 12 users), the probability of pilot collisions increases. Once a pilot collision occurs, it significantly affects the accuracy of channel estimation, leading to system performance degradation.

[0124] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a solution. Considering that the URAT scheme integrates the initial access and data transmission processes—meaning the preamble sent during initial access and the DMRS and data sent during data transmission can be considered to have traversed the same channel—the preamble and DMRS can be jointly used for channel estimation. Using this approach, when inserting DMRS, it is unnecessary to additionally transmit pilots on the subbands of the already transmitted preamble. That is, DMRS can be either not transmitted or transmitted at low density on the frequency domain resources corresponding to the preamble, while DMRS is transmitted on other frequency domain resources corresponding to the data. This reduces the pilot resources required per user, decreases the probability of pilot collisions, and supports more users.

[0125] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the DMRS transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to a terminal, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0126] Step 400: Determine the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence.

[0127] Specifically, the first frequency domain can be the frequency domain (also known as the subband) used for transmitting the preamble sequence in the existing NR scheme. In the existing NR scheme, multiple terminals transmit the preamble sequence in the same frequency domain within the same bandwidth part (BWP). The first frequency domain can also be the frequency domain determined by the terminal itself for transmitting the preamble sequence. The first frequency domain can also be the frequency domain determined by the terminal in other ways for transmitting the preamble sequence. The specific situation is not limited.

[0128] Step 401: Insert the DMRS symbol in the second frequency domain according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol. The second frequency domain includes the other frequency domains in the BWP of the terminal, excluding the first frequency domain.

[0129] Specifically, after the terminal determines the first frequency domain to be used for transmitting the preamble sequence, it can insert DMRS symbols in other frequency domains within the terminal's BWP, excluding the first frequency domain, according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbols (i.e., at which time domain the DMRS symbols should be inserted). Of course, the terminal can also insert DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain; or the terminal can not insert DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain, but only insert DMRS symbols in other frequency domains within the terminal's BWP, excluding the first frequency domain. This is not limited here.

[0130] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, inserting DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes:

[0131] DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal with a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain with a second distribution density.

[0132] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0133] Specifically, the terminal can also insert DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain. In this case, the distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain can be less than the distribution density of DMRS symbols in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain within the terminal's BWP. Since there is already a preamble sequence in the first frequency domain that can be used for channel estimation, only lower density DMRS symbols can be inserted in the first frequency domain to enhance the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0134] In the existing NR scheme, DMRS symbols are evenly inserted on the BWP of the terminal. For the DMRS type 1 configuration, the DMRS symbol occupies 6 resource elements (REs) on a physical resource block (PRB), that is, the distribution density (or pilot density) of the DMRS symbol is 6RE / PRB. For the DMRS type 2 configuration, the distribution density of the DMRS symbol is 4RE / PRB.

[0135] In this embodiment, the distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in frequency domains other than the first frequency domain within the terminal's BWP can be the pilot density of DMRS configured according to existing NR schemes (e.g., 6RE / PRB or 4RE / PRB, which can be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed in the other frequency domains), or it can be smaller than the pilot density of DMRS configured according to existing NR schemes, but larger than the distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain. No specific specification is given here. The distribution density of the DMRS symbols inserted by the terminal can be a configuration agreed upon by the terminal and the network device.

[0136] The DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain can be relatively sparse, for example, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of DMRS distribution density provided in an embodiment of this application. The filled portion of the diagram represents the inserted DMRS symbols, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain can be 2RE / PRB, 1RE / PRB, or it can be in units of multiple PRBs, such as 4RE / 2PRB, 4RE / 3PRB, etc.

[0137] It should be noted that if the terminal does not insert DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain, but only inserts DMRS symbols in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain within the terminal's BWP, the distribution density of the DMRS symbols inserted in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain within the terminal's BWP can be the pilot density of DMRS configured according to the existing NR scheme (such as 6RE / PRB or 4RE / PRB, which can be uniformly distributed or non-uniformly distributed in the other frequency domains), or it can be less than the pilot density of DMRS configured in the existing NR scheme. No specific provisions are made here.

[0138] Step 402: Send the preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol to the network device.

[0139] Specifically, after the terminal inserts the corresponding DMRS symbol in the second frequency domain according to the position in the first frequency domain, it transmits PRACH and Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), and sends the preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol to the network device (e.g., base station). The network device can then perform channel estimation based on the received preamble sequence and DMRS symbol.

[0140] The DMRS transmission method provided in this application allows the terminal to insert DMRS symbols in frequency domains other than the first frequency domain used to transmit the preamble sequence, while not inserting or inserting relatively sparse DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain. By making full use of the information of the preamble sequence, the network device uses the correctly detected preamble sequence as pilot symbols in the corresponding frequency domain for joint channel estimation with DMRS. This satisfies the requirements of channel estimation and reduces the pilot resources required by each terminal, thereby reducing the probability of terminal pilot collisions and supporting more terminals.

[0141] Optionally, determining a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0142] Divide the terminal's BWP into multiple frequency domains;

[0143] One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0144] Specifically, the terminal can determine the first frequency domain for sending the preamble sequence. For example, the terminal's BWP can be divided into multiple frequency domains (the division method can be agreed upon in advance by the terminal and the network device, such as dividing the BWP into N frequency domains, where the value of N can be agreed upon in advance by the terminal and the network device, or other division methods, which are not specified here). Then, the terminal can select one frequency domain from these multiple frequency domains to send the preamble sequence.

[0145] Optionally, selecting one of multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence may include:

[0146] A frequency domain is randomly selected from multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence; or,

[0147] Based on the information to be transmitted to network devices, one of multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0148] Specifically, after the terminal divides the BWP into multiple frequency domains, it can randomly select one frequency domain from the multiple frequency domains to send the preamble sequence.

[0149] In one implementation, the terminal can also implicitly convey information by using the frequency domain position of the preamble sequence. For example, if the BWP is divided into four frequency domains, the terminal can select one frequency domain to send the preamble sequence, which can then be used to transmit a 2-bit message: 00 = 0, 01 = 1, 10 = 2, 11 = 3. Therefore, the terminal can select one frequency domain from multiple frequency domains to send the preamble sequence according to the information it needs to transmit to the network device.

[0150] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0151] Specifically, channel estimation is performed using a preamble sequence and DMRS. To ensure the accuracy of channel estimation, the channel states of PRACH and PUSCH should be basically the same. That is, the transmission time interval between PRACH (which transmits the preamble sequence) and PUSCH (which transmits the DMRS symbols) should not exceed the coherence time, or in other words, their time domain positions should be within a coherence time.

[0152] In one implementation, PRACH and PUSCH can be transmitted within a single time slot, for example, the first few symbols can be used to transmit PRACH, and the remaining symbols can be used to transmit PUSCH. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the preamble sequence and data transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application. In the diagram, TTI represents the Transmission Time Interval (TTI). Figure 6 As shown, considering the different preamble sequence formats in the existing NR scheme, the terminal can adopt two different transmission methods as shown in the figure. For example, the terminal can send the preamble sequence in the first TTI and then send the data (including DMRS symbols) in the second TTI, as shown in (a) in the figure; or the terminal can alternately send the preamble sequence and data (including DMRS symbols), as shown in (b) in the figure.

[0153] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0154] Specifically, channel estimation is performed using a preamble sequence and DMRS in combination. To ensure the accuracy of channel estimation, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols can use the same subcarrier spacing.

[0155] The existing NR scheme specifies subcarrier spacing in its channel bandwidth configurations: 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz. Long-format preamble sequences support 1.25kHz and 5kHz, while short-format preamble sequences support 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz. As can be seen, the short-format preamble sequence in the existing NR scheme can support the PUSCH channel bandwidth configuration; therefore, adjustments can be made based on the existing configuration, and the specific configuration can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the scenario.

[0156] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the channel estimation method provided in an embodiment of this application. The method is applied to network devices (e.g., base stations). Figure 7 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0157] Step 700: Receive the preamble sequence and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol sent by the receiving terminal.

[0158] Step 701: Perform channel estimation based on the preamble sequence to determine the first channel response in the first frequency domain used to transmit the preamble sequence.

[0159] Step 702: Perform channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain used to transmit the DMRS symbols. The second frequency domain includes the other frequency domains within the terminal's bandwidth portion (BWP) besides the first frequency domain.

[0160] Step 703: Determine the channel response on the terminal's BWP based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0161] Specifically, in this embodiment of the application, in order to reduce the pilot resources required by the terminal, reduce the collision probability of the terminal pilot, and meet the requirements of channel estimation, the terminal can insert DMRS symbols in a second frequency domain according to the first frequency domain used to transmit the preamble sequence. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains in the terminal's BWP besides the first frequency domain. After the network device receives the preamble sequence and DMRS symbols sent by the terminal, it can make full use of the information of the preamble sequence and use the correctly detected preamble sequence as the pilot symbol in the corresponding frequency domain for joint channel estimation with DMRS.

[0162] For example, a network device can use the known original transmitted preamble sequence and the actual received preamble sequence to perform channel estimation in the first frequency domain, obtaining a first channel response (i.e., the channel estimation result in the first frequency domain). Simultaneously, the network device can use the DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain to perform channel estimation in the second frequency domain, obtaining a second channel response (i.e., the channel estimation result in the second frequency domain). Then, the network device can combine the first and second channel responses and use an interpolation algorithm to obtain the channel response on the terminal's BWP.

[0163] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols, including:

[0164] Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in other frequency domains to determine the channel response in other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain.

[0165] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0166] Specifically, when the terminal also inserts DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain, the aforementioned second channel response may include two parts: one part is the channel response in the other frequency domain obtained by the network device through channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols inserted in the other frequency domain, and the other part is the channel response in the first frequency domain obtained by the network device through channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain.

[0167] The distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain can be less than the distribution density of DMRS symbols in the other frequency domains. Since there is already a preamble sequence in the first frequency domain that can be used for channel estimation, only a lower density of DMRS symbols can be inserted in the first frequency domain to enhance the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0168] In existing NR schemes, DMRS symbols are uniformly inserted on the terminal's BWP (Browser Window), for example, the distribution density (or pilot density) of the DMRS symbols is 6RE / PRB or 4RE / PRB. In this embodiment, the distribution density of the DMRS symbols inserted in the other frequency domains can be the pilot density of DMRS configured according to the existing NR scheme, or it can be smaller than the pilot density of DMRS configured in the existing NR scheme, but larger than the distribution density of DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain; no specific specification is given here. The distribution density of the DMRS symbols inserted by the terminal can be a configuration agreed upon by the terminal and the network equipment.

[0169] The DMRS symbols inserted in the first frequency domain can be relatively sparse, such as 2RE / PRB, 1RE / PRB, or in units of multiple PRBs, such as 4RE / 2PRB, 4RE / 3PRB, etc.

[0170] The channel estimation method provided in this application allows the terminal to insert DMRS symbols in frequency domains other than the first frequency domain used to transmit the preamble sequence, while not inserting or inserting relatively sparse DMRS symbols in the first frequency domain. By making full use of the information of the preamble sequence, the network device uses the correctly detected preamble sequence as pilot symbols in the corresponding frequency domain for joint channel estimation with DMRS. This satisfies the requirements of channel estimation and reduces the pilot resources required by each terminal, thereby reducing the probability of terminal pilot collisions and supporting more terminals.

[0171] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0172] Specifically, channel estimation is performed using a preamble sequence and DMRS in conjunction. To ensure the accuracy of channel estimation, the channel states of PRACH and PUSCH should be essentially the same. That is, the transmission time interval between the PRACH (transmitting the preamble sequence) and the PUSCH (transmitting the DMRS symbols) should not exceed the coherence time, or in other words, their time domain positions should be within a coherence time. For example, PRACH and PUSCH can be transmitted within the same time slot.

[0173] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0174] Specifically, channel estimation is performed using a preamble sequence and DMRS in combination. To ensure the accuracy of channel estimation, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols can use the same subcarrier spacing.

[0175] For example, existing NR schemes specify subcarrier spacing in their channel bandwidth configurations: 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz. Long-format preamble sequences support 1.25kHz and 5kHz, while short-format preamble sequences support 15kHz, 30kHz, 60kHz, and 120kHz. Therefore, adjustments can be made to ensure that the subcarrier spacing is the same for both the PRACH (for transmitting the preamble sequence) and the PUSCH (for transmitting DMRS symbols).

[0176] The methods provided in the various embodiments of this application are based on the same concept, so the implementation of each method can be referred to each other, and repeated parts will not be described again.

[0177] The methods provided in the above embodiments of this application are illustrated below through specific application scenarios.

[0178] Example 1: This example mainly considers not modifying the existing preamble frequency domain transmission method, but only performing sparsification processing on DMRS. Specifically, each terminal transmits the preamble in a concentrated area of ​​BWP according to the existing method. Then, channel estimation can be performed in this area using the preamble. Therefore, inserting sparser pilots can achieve the effect of not reducing performance, thereby supporting more terminals.

[0179] Figure 8 This is one of the pilot configuration diagrams provided in the embodiments of this application. The filled portion in the diagram represents the preamble sequence and DMRS symbol used as pilots, such as... Figure 8 As shown, when inserting DMRS symbols, the terminal can divide the BWP into two regions based on whether there is already preamble transmission. In the region where preamble transmission is already available, sparser DMRS symbols can be transmitted, while in the region where there is no preamble transmission, they can be transmitted more densely. This reduces the pilot resources used by each terminal, makes full use of the preamble, and supports more terminals.

[0180] The pilot density in existing NR schemes is 6RE / PRB and 4RE / PRB. The sparser DMRS symbols mentioned in this embodiment can be pilot densities agreed upon by the terminal and network equipment, such as 2RE / PRB, 1RE / PRB, or multiple PRBs, such as 4RE / 2PRB, 4RE / 3PRB, etc.

[0181] The terminal-side process and network device-side process of this embodiment are described below.

[0182] Terminal-side process:

[0183] (1) When performing URAT transmission, the preamble sequence to be used is first randomly selected from multiple preamble sequences.

[0184] (2) Complete the PRACH transmission process according to the existing NR scheme.

[0185] (3) When inserting pilots, according to the scheme of this embodiment, lower density DMRS symbols are inserted in areas where preamble transmission has been performed, and higher density DMRS symbols are inserted in other areas.

[0186] (4) Then complete the PUSCH transmission process according to the existing NR scheme.

[0187] (5) Perform PRACH and PUSCH transmission.

[0188] (6) After the URAT transmission is completed, the terminal listens for feedback information sent by the network device. When the feedback information sent by the network device indicates that the URAT reception was completed correctly, the terminal stops the URAT transmission; otherwise, the terminal starts a new round of URAT transmission.

[0189] Network device side process:

[0190] (1) First, the preamble sent by the terminal is processed, and the network device performs sequence detection on the preamble.

[0191] (2) By using the preamble detection results (to determine the actual transmitted signal) and the received preamble (the actual received signal), channel estimation can be performed to obtain the channel response at the corresponding location.

[0192] (3) Process the DMRS and data sent by the terminal. The network device uses the DMRS to perform channel estimation and obtain the channel response at the corresponding location.

[0193] (4) The network device combines the preamble channel estimation results and the DMRS channel estimation results, and uses an interpolation algorithm to obtain the channel response at all locations of the terminal's BWP for subsequent calculations.

[0194] (5) Perform the corresponding receiving processing on PUSCH.

[0195] (6) When the URAT transmission is received correctly, send feedback information to the terminal.

[0196] Example 2: This example mainly considers modifying the existing preamble frequency domain transmission method so that the preamble of each terminal can fill the entire BWP. Specifically, N regions are fixedly divided on the BWP (which can be agreed upon in advance). After generating the preamble, the terminal needs to select a region to transmit the preamble. Subsequently, during PUSCH processing, in the process of inserting DMRS symbols, DMRS symbols are only inserted in the remaining regions (hereinafter referred to as the remaining regions) outside the selected preamble.

[0197] In this embodiment, the terminal can select the preamble sending area randomly, or it can implicitly transmit some information through the location of the sending area. Implicitly transmitting information means that, taking N=4 as an example, the region selected for sending the preamble can be used to transmit 2 bits of information, i.e., 00=0, 01=1, 10=2, 11=3.

[0198] In this embodiment, multiple terminals can select the same region when transmitting preamble. This is because the preamble uses the Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, which has ideal zero cyclic autocorrelation and minimal cyclic cross-correlation properties, thus reducing interference between different preamble sequences received on the same PRACH time-frequency resource.

[0199] In this embodiment, when inserting DMRS symbols, the terminal can choose to insert DMRS symbols evenly in the remaining area, or it can insert DMRS symbols in a certain sparsity manner, as can be referred to in Embodiment 1, and no specific provisions are made here. After adopting the transmission method of this embodiment, the number of supported terminals can be further increased on the original basis.

[0200] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of pilot configuration provided in an embodiment of this application. The filled portion in the diagram represents the preamble sequence and DMRS symbol used as pilot signals, such as... Figure 9 As shown in the figure, several possible scenarios for the preamble sent by a terminal and the insertion of DMRS symbol regions are illustrated, with N=4 as an example.

[0201] The terminal-side process and network device-side process of this embodiment are described below.

[0202] Terminal-side process:

[0203] (1) When performing URAT transmission, the preamble sequence to be used is first randomly selected from multiple preamble sequences.

[0204] (2) Select one region from N regions to send the preamble. The region selection method can be random selection or the location of the preamble can be used to implicitly convey some information; no specific rules are set here.

[0205] (3) According to the pilot insertion method of this embodiment, DMRS symbols are inserted only outside the transmission area of ​​the preamble. The insertion method of DMRS symbols can be uniform insertion or insertion according to a certain sparsification method. Please refer to Embodiment 1, and no specific provisions are made here.

[0206] (4) Perform PRACH and PUSCH transmission.

[0207] (5) After the URAT transmission is completed, the terminal listens for feedback information sent by the network device. When the feedback information sent by the network device indicates that the URAT reception was completed correctly, the terminal stops the URAT transmission; otherwise, the terminal starts a new round of URAT transmission.

[0208] Network device side process:

[0209] (1) First, the preamble sent by the terminal is processed, and the network device performs sequence detection on the preamble.

[0210] (2) By using the preamble detection results (to determine the actual transmitted signal) and the received preamble (the actual received signal), channel estimation can be performed to obtain the channel response at the corresponding location.

[0211] (3) Process the DMRS and data sent by the terminal. The network device uses the DMRS to perform channel estimation and obtain the channel response at the corresponding location.

[0212] (4) The network device combines the preamble channel estimation results and the DMRS channel estimation results, and uses an interpolation algorithm to obtain the channel response at all locations of the terminal's BWP for subsequent calculations.

[0213] (5) Perform the corresponding receiving processing on PUSCH.

[0214] (6) When the URAT transmission is received correctly, send feedback information to the terminal.

[0215] The methods and apparatuses provided in the various embodiments of this application are based on the same concept. Since the methods and apparatuses solve problems in similar ways, the implementations of the apparatuses and methods can refer to each other, and repeated details will not be repeated.

[0216] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the terminal includes a memory 1020, a transceiver 1010, and a processor 1000; wherein the processor 1000 and the memory 1020 can also be physically arranged separately.

[0217] The memory 1020 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 1010 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 1000.

[0218] Specifically, the transceiver 1010 is used to receive and send data under the control of the processor 1000.

[0219] Among them, Figure 10In this application, the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1000 and memory represented by memory 1020 together. The bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1010 can be multiple components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, etc. For different user equipment, the user interface 1030 can also be an interface capable of connecting external or internal devices, including but not limited to keypads, displays, speakers, microphones, joysticks, etc.

[0220] The processor 1000 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, while the memory 1020 can store the data used by the processor 1000 when performing operations.

[0221] The processor 1000 can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a complex programmable logic device (CPLD). The processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0222] The processor 1000 calls a computer program stored in the memory 1020 to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application according to the obtained executable instructions, such as: determining a first frequency domain for transmitting a preamble sequence; inserting a DMRS symbol in a second frequency domain according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain; and transmitting the preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol to the network device.

[0223] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, inserting DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes:

[0224] DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal with a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain with a second distribution density.

[0225] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0226] Optionally, determining a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0227] Divide the terminal's BWP into multiple frequency domains;

[0228] One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0229] Optionally, one of multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence, including:

[0230] A frequency domain is randomly selected from multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence; or,

[0231] Based on the information to be transmitted to network devices, one of multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0232] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0233] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0234] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the network device provided in the embodiments of this application, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the network device includes a memory 1120, a transceiver 1110, and a processor 1100; wherein the processor 1100 and the memory 1120 can also be physically arranged separately.

[0235] The memory 1120 is used to store computer programs; the transceiver 1110 is used to send and receive data under the control of the processor 1100.

[0236] Specifically, transceiver 1110 is used to receive and send data under the control of processor 1100.

[0237] Among them, Figure 11 In this application, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linking various circuits of one or more processors represented by processor 1100 and memory represented by memory 1120 together. The bus architecture may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 1110 may be multiple elements, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium, including wireless channels, wired channels, optical fibers, and other transmission media.

[0238] The processor 1100 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1120 can store the data used by the processor 1100 when performing operations.

[0239] The processor 1100 can be a CPU, ASIC, FPGA or CPLD, and the processor can also adopt a multi-core architecture.

[0240] The processor 1100 invokes a computer program stored in the memory 1120 to execute any of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application according to the obtained executable instructions, such as: receiving a preamble sequence and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols transmitted by the terminal; performing channel estimation based on the preamble sequence to determine a first channel response in a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence; performing channel estimation based on the DMRS symbols to determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains within the terminal's bandwidth portion (BWP) excluding the first frequency domain; and determining the channel response on the terminal's BWP based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0241] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols, including:

[0242] Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in other frequency domains to determine the channel response in other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain.

[0243] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0244] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0245] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0246] It should be noted that the terminal and network device provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Therefore, the parts and beneficial effects that are the same as those in the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0247] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a DMRS transmission device provided in an embodiment of this application. This device is applied to a terminal, such as... Figure 12As shown, the device includes:

[0248] The first determining unit 1200 is used to determine the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence;

[0249] The pilot insertion unit 1210 is used to insert DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbols. The second frequency domain includes the other frequency domains in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain.

[0250] The transmitting unit 1220 is used to transmit a preamble sequence and an inserted DMRS symbol to the network device.

[0251] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, inserting DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes:

[0252] DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal with a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain with a second distribution density.

[0253] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0254] Optionally, determining a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes:

[0255] Divide the terminal's BWP into multiple frequency domains;

[0256] One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0257] Optionally, one of multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence, including:

[0258] A frequency domain is randomly selected from multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence; or,

[0259] Based on the information to be transmitted to network devices, one of multiple frequency domains is selected for sending the preamble sequence.

[0260] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0261] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0262] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the channel estimation device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device is applied to network equipment, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the device includes:

[0263] The receiving unit 1300 is used to receive the preamble sequence and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol transmitted by the terminal.

[0264] The first channel estimation unit 1310 is used to perform channel estimation based on the preamble sequence and determine the first channel response in the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence.

[0265] The second channel estimation unit 1320 is used to perform channel estimation based on DMRS symbols and determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting DMRS symbols. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal, excluding the first frequency domain.

[0266] The second determining unit 1330 is used to determine the channel response on the BWP of the terminal based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

[0267] Optionally, if the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbols to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbols, including:

[0268] Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in other frequency domains to determine the channel response in other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain.

[0269] The first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

[0270] Optionally, the physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located in the same coherent time.

[0271] Optionally, the PRACH for transmitting the preamble sequence and the PUSCH for transmitting the DMRS symbols have the same subcarrier spacing.

[0272] It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of this application is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated units described above can be implemented in hardware or as software functional units.

[0273] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a processor-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0274] It should be noted that the apparatus provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.

[0275] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for causing a computer to execute the DMRS transmission method or channel estimation method provided in the above embodiments.

[0276] It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application embodiment can implement all the method steps implemented in the above method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. Here, the parts that are the same as those in the method embodiment and the beneficial effects will not be described in detail.

[0277] The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium or data storage device that a computer can access, including but not limited to magnetic storage (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes, magneto-optical disks (MOs), etc.), optical storage (e.g., CDs, DVDs, BDs, HVDs, etc.), and semiconductor storage (e.g., ROMs, EPROMs, EEPROMs, non-volatile memory (NAND flash), solid-state drives (SSDs)).

[0278] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various systems, especially 5G systems. For example, applicable systems include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX), and 5G New Radio (NR). All of these systems include terminal equipment and network equipment. The systems may also include a core network component, such as Evolved Packet System (EPS) and 5G system (5GS).

[0279] The terminal involved in the embodiments of this application can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The name of the terminal may differ in different systems; for example, in a 5G system, the terminal can be called a User Equipment (UE). Wireless terminal devices can communicate with one or more core networks (CNs) via a Radio Access Network (RAN). Wireless terminal devices can be mobile terminal devices, such as mobile phones (or "cellular" phones) and computers with mobile terminal devices, for example, portable, pocket-sized, handheld, computer-embedded, or vehicle-mounted mobile devices that exchange voice and / or data with the RAN. Examples include Personal Communication Service (PCS) phones, cordless phones, Session Initiated Protocol (SIP) phones, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) stations, and Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs). Wireless terminal equipment can also be referred to as a system, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, access point, remote terminal, access terminal, user terminal, user agent, or user device, but is not limited to these terms in the embodiments of this application.

[0280] The network device involved in this application embodiment can be a base station, which may include multiple cells providing services to terminals. Depending on the specific application, a base station may also be called an access point, or a device in an access network that communicates with a wireless terminal device through one or more sectors on the air interface, or other names. The network device can be used to exchange received air frames with Internet Protocol (IP) packets, acting as a router between the wireless terminal device and the rest of the access network, where the rest of the access network may include an Internet Protocol (IP) communication network. The network device can also coordinate the attribute management of the air interface. For example, the network equipment involved in the embodiments of this application can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), a NodeB in a Wide-band Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, an evolved Node B (eNB or e-NodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, a 5G base station (gNB) in a next generation system, a Home evolved Node B (HeNB), a relay node, a femto, a pico, etc., and is not limited in the embodiments of this application. In some network structures, the network equipment may include centralized unit (CU) nodes and distributed unit (DU) nodes, and the centralized unit and distributed unit may be geographically separated.

[0281] Network devices and terminals can each use one or more antennas for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission. MIMO transmission can be Single-User MIMO (SU-MIMO) or Multiple-User MIMO (MU-MIMO). Depending on the configuration and number of antenna combinations, MIMO transmission can be 2D-MIMO, 3D-MIMO, FD-MIMO, or massive-MIMO, and can also be diversity transmission, precoding transmission, or beamforming transmission, etc.

[0282] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage and optical storage) containing computer-usable program code.

[0283] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-executable instructions. These computer-executable instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0284] These processor-executable instructions may also be stored in a processor-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the processor-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0285] These processors can execute instructions that can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0286] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting a demodulated reference signal (DMRS), characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: Determine the first frequency domain to be used for transmitting the preamble sequence; According to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol, the DMRS symbol is inserted in the second frequency domain, which includes the other frequency domains in the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain. The preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol are sent to the network device.

2. The DMRS transmission method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, the insertion of DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes: DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal at a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain at a second distribution density. Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

3. The DMRS transmission method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The determination of the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes: The BWP of the terminal is divided into multiple frequency domains; One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence.

4. The DMRS transmission method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Selecting one of the multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence includes: Randomly select one frequency domain from the plurality of frequency domains to send the preamble sequence; or, Based on the information to be transmitted to the network device as needed, one of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending a preamble sequence.

5. The DMRS transmission method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located within a coherent time interval.

6. The DMRS transmission method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, have the same subcarrier spacing.

7. A channel estimation method, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: The receiving terminal transmits the preamble sequence and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol. Channel estimation is performed based on the preamble sequence to determine a first channel response in a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence; Channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbol to determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal besides the first frequency domain; The channel response on the BWP of the terminal is determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

8. The channel estimation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the step of performing channel estimation based on the DMRS symbol to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol includes: Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in the other frequency domains to determine the channel response in the other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain. Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

9. The channel estimation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located within a coherent time interval.

10. The channel estimation method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, have the same subcarrier spacing.

11. A terminal, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor: A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: Determine the first frequency domain to be used for transmitting the preamble sequence; Based on the time domain position corresponding to the demodulation reference signal DMRS symbol, the DMRS symbol is inserted in the second frequency domain, which includes the other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal, excluding the first frequency domain. The preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol are sent to the network device.

12. The terminal according to claim 11, characterized in that, When the second frequency domain also includes the first frequency domain, the insertion of DMRS symbols in the second frequency domain includes: DMRS symbols are inserted in the BWP of the terminal at a first distribution density in other frequency domains besides the first frequency domain, and DMRS symbols are inserted in the first frequency domain at a second distribution density. Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

13. The terminal according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The determination of the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence includes: The BWP of the terminal is divided into multiple frequency domains; One of the multiple frequency domains is selected for transmitting the preamble sequence.

14. The terminal according to claim 13, characterized in that, Selecting one of the multiple frequency domains for transmitting the preamble sequence includes: Randomly select one frequency domain from the plurality of frequency domains to send the preamble sequence; or, Based on the information to be transmitted to the network device as needed, one of the multiple frequency domains is selected for sending a preamble sequence.

15. The terminal according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located within a coherent time interval.

16. The terminal according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, have the same subcarrier spacing.

17. A network device, characterized in that, Includes memory, transceiver, and processor: A memory for storing computer programs; a transceiver for sending and receiving data under the control of the processor; and a processor for reading the computer programs from the memory and performing the following operations: The receiving terminal transmits the preamble sequence and the demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbol. Channel estimation is performed based on the preamble sequence to determine a first channel response in a first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence; Channel estimation is performed based on the DMRS symbol to determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol, the second frequency domain including other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal besides the first frequency domain; The channel response on the BWP of the terminal is determined based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

18. The network device according to claim 17, characterized in that, When the second frequency domain further includes the first frequency domain, the step of performing channel estimation based on the DMRS symbol to determine the second channel response in the second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol includes: Channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a first distribution density in the other frequency domains to determine the channel response in the other frequency domains, and channel estimation is performed based on DMRS symbols inserted with a second distribution density in the first frequency domain to determine the channel response in the first frequency domain. Wherein, the first distribution density is greater than the second distribution density.

19. The network device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The physical random access channel PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the physical uplink shared channel PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, are both located within a coherent time interval.

20. The network device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The PRACH, which transmits the preamble sequence, and the PUSCH, which transmits the DMRS symbols, have the same subcarrier spacing.

21. A demodulation reference signal (DMRS) transmission device, characterized in that, Applied to terminals, including: The first determining unit is used to determine the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence; A pilot insertion unit is used to insert a DMRS symbol in a second frequency domain according to the time domain position corresponding to the DMRS symbol. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain. The transmitting unit is used to transmit the preamble sequence and the inserted DMRS symbol to the network device.

22. A channel estimation device, characterized in that, Applied to network devices, including: The receiving unit is used to receive the preamble sequence and demodulation reference signal (DMRS) symbols transmitted by the terminal. The first channel estimation unit is used to perform channel estimation based on the preamble sequence and determine a first channel response in the first frequency domain for transmitting the preamble sequence. The second channel estimation unit is used to perform channel estimation based on the DMRS symbol and determine a second channel response in a second frequency domain for transmitting the DMRS symbol. The second frequency domain includes other frequency domains within the bandwidth portion (BWP) of the terminal other than the first frequency domain. The second determining unit is configured to determine the channel response on the BWP of the terminal based on the first channel response and the second channel response.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that causes a computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, or the method of any one of claims 7 to 10.

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