End cap assembly, battery cell, battery, and electric device

Abstract

This application relates to an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, belonging to the field of battery manufacturing technology. This application proposes an end cap assembly comprising: a cover plate having electrode lead-out holes; electrode terminals located on one side of the cover plate in the thickness direction and covering the electrode lead-out holes; and a sealing member disposed between the electrode terminals and the cover plate to seal the electrode lead-out holes circumferentially. The sealing member includes a body and a first insulating member connected to the body. The melting point of the first insulating member is higher than that of the body. The first insulating member is used to insulate and isolate the electrode terminals and the cover plate after the body melts, so as to maintain the insulation and isolation of the two polarities of the electrode terminals during thermal runaway of the battery cell. This application also proposes a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device including the above-described end cap assembly, all of which have good safety performance.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application based on the invention with application number 202110876191.8, application date July 30, 2021, applicant CATL, and invention title "End cap assembly, battery cell, battery and power supply device". Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of battery manufacturing technology, and more specifically, to an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Technology

[0003] With the rise of new energy vehicles, the lithium battery industry is also developing rapidly. As a crucial component of new energy vehicles, the safety performance of individual battery cells is of paramount importance.

[0004] During normal use, battery cells are prone to thermal runaway due to internal short circuits, which can further lead to fires, explosions, and other safety accidents, seriously threatening the personal safety of users. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, this application proposes an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device that can maintain insulation and isolation between the two polarity electrode terminals during thermal runaway of the battery cell, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides an end cap assembly, comprising: a cover plate having an electrode lead-out hole; an electrode terminal located on one side of the cover plate in the thickness direction and covering the electrode lead-out hole; and a sealing member disposed between the electrode terminal and the cover plate to seal the electrode lead-out hole circumferentially, the sealing member comprising a body and a first insulating member connected to the body, the first insulating member having a melting point higher than that of the body, the first insulating member serving to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal and the cover plate after the body melts.

[0007] In the end cap assembly of the first aspect embodiment of this application, the sealing member includes a body and a first insulating member. The first insulating member is connected to the body, and the melting point of the first insulating member is higher than that of the body. The sealing member is disposed between the electrode terminals and the cover plate to insulate and isolate the electrode terminals from the cover plate in the thickness direction of the cover plate. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the ambient temperature rises, the body melts and deforms at high temperature, exposing the first insulating member. The first insulating member supports the electrode terminals and the cover plate to insulate and isolate the electrode terminals and the cover plate, ensuring that the electrode terminals are insulated from the cover plate, thereby ensuring the insulation and isolation of the two polarity electrode terminals of the battery cell and improving the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0008] According to some embodiments of this application, the first insulating element is at least partially embedded in the body.

[0009] The first insulating element is at least partially embedded in the body, which enables the first insulating element to be firmly connected to the body and reduces the space occupied by the first insulating element protruding from the body, thereby reducing the external dimensions of the seal.

[0010] According to some embodiments of this application, the body is ring-shaped, and the number of the first insulating elements is multiple, with the multiple first insulating elements distributed at intervals along the circumference of the body.

[0011] Multiple first insulating elements are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the body, which can provide multiple first insulating elements around the circumference of the electrode lead hole. After the body melts, the multiple first insulating elements together support the electrode terminal around the circumference of the electrode lead hole, so as to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal and the cover plate around the circumference of the electrode lead hole, thereby improving the reliability of the first insulating elements in insulating the electrode terminal and the cover plate.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, both the body and the first insulating member are annular, and both the body and the first insulating member are arranged around the electrode lead-out hole.

[0013] The first insulating member is annular and surrounds the electrode lead-out hole. After the body melts, the annular first insulating member uniformly supports the electrode terminal in the circumferential direction around the electrode lead-out hole, thereby insulating and isolating the electrode terminal from the cover plate in the circumferential direction around the electrode lead-out hole, which improves the reliability of the first insulating member in insulating the electrode terminal from the cover plate.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the body abuts against the electrode terminals and the cover plate, respectively.

[0015] The main body abuts against the electrode terminals and the cover plate respectively. The main body is squeezed between the electrode terminals and the cover plate to circumferentially seal the electrode lead-out holes and prevent the electrolyte inside the battery cell from leaking from the gap between the electrode terminals and the cover plate.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the first insulating element is made of ceramic or silicon carbide, and the body is made of rubber.

[0017] The body is made of rubber, which has good elasticity and insulation properties. The first insulating component is made of ceramic or silicon carbide, which has corrosion resistance and insulation properties and a high melting point. It is not easily melted by heat and can maintain its original shape after the body is heated and melted, so as to insulate and isolate the electrode terminals and the cover plate.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the cover plate further includes a flange that surrounds the electrode lead-out hole and protrudes toward the electrode terminal along the thickness direction of the cover plate, and the first insulating member is located on the side of the flange away from the electrode lead-out hole.

[0019] The flange is used to assist in positioning the seal and prevent it from deviating from the electrode lead-out hole. The first insulating member is disposed on the side of the flange away from the electrode lead-out hole. When the body is heated and melted, the first insulating member is supported between the cover plate and the electrode terminal. The flange can prevent the first insulating member from falling from the edge of the electrode lead-out hole and entering the interior of the battery cell, thereby ensuring that the first insulating member can reliably and effectively insulate and isolate the electrode terminal from the cover plate after the body is heated and melted.

[0020] According to some embodiments of this application, the dimension of the first insulating member in the thickness direction of the cover plate is greater than the protrusion height of the flange.

[0021] The dimension of the first insulating element in the thickness direction of the cover plate is greater than the protrusion height of the flange, which ensures that after the body is heated and melted, the first insulating element abuts against the electrode terminal before the flange, and the electrode terminal will not be electrically connected to the cover plate through the flange, thereby reliably isolating the electrode terminal from the cover plate.

[0022] According to some embodiments of this application, the body includes a first part, a second part, and a third part. The first part is located on the side of the flange near the electrode lead-out hole, the second part is located on the side of the flange away from the electrode lead-out hole, and the third part is located on the side of the flange near the electrode terminal. The third part connects the first part and the second part, and the first insulating member is at least partially embedded in the second part.

[0023] The second part of the body abuts between the cover plate and the electrode terminal. The first and third parts cooperate with the flange to position the body and prevent the body from deviating from the electrode lead hole, thus affecting the peripheral sealing effect of the electrode lead hole. The first insulating member is at least partially embedded in the second part. After the body is heated and melted, the first insulating member can support the cover plate and the electrode terminal to insulate and isolate the cover plate and the electrode terminal.

[0024] According to some embodiments of this application, an insulating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal, and the melting point of the insulating layer is higher than the melting point of the body.

[0025] When the body is heated and melted, the electrode terminals may shift relative to the cover plate in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the cover plate. The outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminals may come into contact with the wall of the electrode lead-out hole, causing the electrode terminals to be electrically connected to the cover plate. An insulating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminals. The melting point of the insulating layer is higher than that of the body. The insulating layer can come into contact with the wall of the electrode lead-out hole to insulate and isolate the cover plate from the electrode terminals.

[0026] According to some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer is a hard anodized layer.

[0027] The hard anodizing process can form a hard anodized layer on the surface of the electrode terminal, which can improve the insulation performance of the electrode terminal surface and form an insulating layer efficiently and at low cost.

[0028] According to some embodiments of this application, the end cap assembly further includes: a second insulating member surrounding at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal and connected to the electrode terminal; and a fixing member fixed to the cover plate and connected to the second insulating member; wherein the electrode terminal is fixed to the cover plate by the second insulating member and the fixing member, and the electrode terminal is insulated and isolated from the fixing member by the second insulating member.

[0029] The electrode terminal is fixed to the cover plate by a second insulating member and a fixing member to position the electrode terminal relative to the cover plate; the second insulating member is disposed between the electrode terminal and the fixing member to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal from the fixing member, thereby insulating and isolating the electrode terminal from the cover plate.

[0030] A second aspect of this application provides a battery cell comprising: a housing having an opening; an electrode assembly disposed inside the housing; and an end cap assembly as provided in a first aspect of this application, the end cap assembly covering the opening to enclose the electrode assembly inside the housing.

[0031] The third aspect of this application provides a battery, including the battery cell proposed in the second aspect of this application.

[0032] The fourth aspect of this application provides an electrical device including the battery proposed in the third aspect of this application.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of a vehicle provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery structure in a Chinese vehicle;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in a medium-sized battery.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cap assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 An exploded view of the end cap assembly provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the end cap assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a first form of connection between the first insulating element and the body in the sealing element provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 A cross-sectional view of a second form of connection between the first insulating element and the body in the sealing element provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the third form of connection between the first insulating element and the body in the sealing element provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 12 A first type of cross-sectional view of the sealing element provided in the embodiments of this application, in which the first insulating part protrudes from the body;

[0047] Figure 13 A cross-sectional view of a second form in which the first insulating element protrudes from the body in the embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the first insulating element protruding completely from the body in the sealing element provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the electrode terminals provided in the application embodiment;

[0050] Figure 16 A cross-sectional view of the electrode terminals provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0052] Reference numerals: 1000 - Vehicle; 100 - Battery; 10 - Battery cell; 11 - End cap assembly; 111 - Cover plate; 1111 - Electrode lead-out hole; 1112 - First side; 1113 - Second side; 1114 - Pressure relief section; 1115 - Liquid injection hole; 1116 - Flange; 11161 - Inner side of flange; 11162 - Outer side of flange; 1117 - Recessed platform structure; 11171 - Recessed platform surface; 11172 - Recessed platform hole wall; 112 - Electrode terminal; 1121 - First surface; 1122 - Second surface Surface; 1123-Outer peripheral surface; 11231-First segment; 11232-Second segment; 11233-Third segment; 11234-Fourth segment; 113-Sealing element; 1131-Body; 11311-First part; 11312-Second part; 11313-Third part; 1132-First insulating element; 114-Second insulating element; 115-Fixing element; 12-Housing shell; 13-Electrode assembly; 20-Box; 21-First box; 22-Second box; 200-Controller; 300-Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0055] In this application, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0056] In the description of this application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0058] In this application, the battery cell may include lithium-ion secondary battery, lithium-ion primary battery, lithium-sulfur battery, sodium lithium-ion battery, sodium-ion battery or magnesium-ion battery, etc., and the embodiments of this application are not limited to this.

[0059] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack. A battery generally includes a housing for encapsulating one or more battery cells. The housing prevents liquids or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.

[0060] A single battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte. The electrode assembly consists of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The battery cell primarily functions by the movement of metal ions between the positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode includes a positive current collector and a positive active material layer. The positive active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive current collector, and the uncoated positive current collector protrudes beyond the coated one, serving as the positive electrode tab. Taking a lithium-ion battery as an example, the positive current collector can be made of aluminum, and the positive active material can be lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium, or lithium manganese oxide, etc. The negative electrode includes a negative current collector and a negative active material layer. The negative active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative current collector, and the uncoated positive current collector protrudes beyond the coated one, serving as the negative electrode tab. The negative electrode current collector can be made of copper, and the negative electrode active material can be carbon or silicon, etc. To ensure that a large current can pass through without melting, there are multiple positive electrode tabs stacked together, and there are multiple negative electrode tabs stacked together. The separator can be made of PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene), etc. In addition, the electrode assembly can be a wound structure or a stacked structure, and the embodiments of this application are not limited to these.

[0061] The battery cell may also include a pressure relief section, which is actuated when the internal pressure of the battery cell reaches a threshold. The threshold design varies depending on the design requirements. The threshold may depend on one or more of the materials of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, and separator of the battery cell. The pressure relief section can take the form of an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure relief valve, or a safety valve, and can specifically employ pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive elements or structures. That is, when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches the threshold, the pressure relief section actuates or a weak structure in the pressure relief section is destroyed, thereby forming an opening or channel for the internal pressure or temperature to be released.

[0062] The term "actuation" as used in this application refers to the activation or transformation of the pressure relief section into a specific state, thereby releasing the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell. The activation of the pressure relief section may include, but is not limited to, at least a portion thereof rupturing, breaking, tearing, or opening. When the pressure relief section is activated, the high-temperature, high-pressure substances inside the battery cell are discharged as waste from the opened portion. This method allows for pressure and temperature relief within the battery cell under controllable pressure or temperature, thereby preventing potentially more serious accidents.

[0063] A battery cell may also include a current collector, which is used to electrically connect the tabs and electrode terminals of the battery cell to deliver electrical energy from the electrode assembly to the electrode terminals and then to the outside of the battery cell. Multiple battery cells are electrically connected through a current collector to realize series, parallel or mixed connection of multiple battery cells.

[0064] In related technologies, both polarity electrode terminals of a battery cell can be mounted on a cover plate. The electrode terminals are connected to the tabs of the electrode assembly inside the battery cell via a current collector, and connected to the current collector outside the battery cell to output electrical energy from inside the battery cell to the outside. If the two polarity electrode terminals are electrically connected, it will cause the tabs of the electrode assembly to become electrically connected, resulting in a short circuit in the battery cell. Typically, at least one polarity electrode terminal is insulated from the cover plate to isolate the two polarity electrode terminals.

[0065] The inventors discovered that the electrode terminals are connected to the cover plate via components with low melting points and good insulation, which not only securely connects the electrode terminals to the cover plate but also ensures insulation between them. Furthermore, a seal is typically provided between the electrode terminals and the cover plate to circumferentially seal the electrode lead-out holes. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the ambient temperature rises rapidly, causing the aforementioned components and seals to melt. The electrode terminals may fall due to their own weight or external shaking and potentially make conductive contact with the cover plate. If both polarity electrode terminals make conductive contact with the cover plate, it can cause a short circuit between the cathode and anode of the battery cell through the cover plate, resulting in a safety hazard.

[0066] Based on the above ideas, the inventors of this application propose a technical solution that can maintain the insulation and isolation between the electrode terminals and the cover plate when the battery cell is thermally runaway, thereby isolating the electrode terminals of the two polarities and improving the safety performance of the battery cell.

[0067] It is understood that the battery cells described in the embodiments of this application can directly supply power to electrical devices, or they can be connected in parallel or series to form a battery to supply power to various electrical devices in the form of a battery.

[0068] It is understood that the electrical devices using battery cells or batteries described in the embodiments of this application can take many forms, such as mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, and power tools. For example, spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft. Electric toys include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys. Power tools include metal cutting power tools, grinding power tools, assembly power tools, and railway power tools, such as electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, and electric planers.

[0069] The battery cells and batteries described in the embodiments of this application are not limited to the electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all electrical devices that use battery cells and batteries. However, for the sake of brevity, the following embodiments are all illustrated using electric vehicles as an example.

[0070] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a simplified schematic of a vehicle according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 What is shown is Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the battery structure in a Chinese vehicle. Figure 3 What is shown is Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single cell in a battery.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle 1000 is equipped with a battery 100, a controller 200, and a motor 300. For example, the battery 100 can be installed at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc.

[0072] In some embodiments of this application, the battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The controller 200 is used to control the power supply provided by the battery 100 to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power requirements of the vehicle 100 during startup, navigation, and driving.

[0073] In other embodiments, the battery 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0074] In this application, the battery 100 mentioned in the embodiments refers to a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells 10 to provide higher voltage and capacity. For example, the battery 100 is composed of multiple battery cells 10 connected in series or in parallel.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, the battery 100 includes multiple battery cells 10 and a housing 20, with the battery cells 10 placed inside the housing 20. The housing 20 includes a first housing 21 and a second housing 22, which are closed together to form a battery cavity, within which the battery cells 10 are placed. The shapes of the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 can be determined based on the combined shape of the multiple battery cells 10, and both the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 may have an opening. For example, both the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 can be hollow cuboids with only one open side each. The openings of the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are opposite to each other, and the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are interlocked to form a housing with a closed cavity. The multiple battery cells 10 are connected in parallel, series, or mixed configurations and placed inside the housing formed by the interlocking of the first housing 21 and the second housing 22.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, the battery cell 10 includes an end cap assembly 11, a housing 12, and an electrode assembly 13. The housing 12 has an opening, the electrode assembly 13 is disposed inside the housing 12, and the end cap assembly 11 covers the opening to enclose the electrode assembly 13 inside the housing 12.

[0077] One end of the housing 12 has an opening, allowing the electrode assembly 13 to be placed into the receiving cavity of the housing 12 through the opening. Multiple electrode assemblies 13 can be disposed within the receiving cavity, and these multiple electrode assemblies 13 can be stacked on top of each other. The housing 12 can be made of a metallic material, such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or nickel-plated steel. The housing 12 can be hexahedral or other shapes, and an internal receiving cavity is formed within the housing to accommodate the electrode assembly 13 and the electrolyte.

[0078] The electrode assembly 13 includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The separator is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to separate the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so as to prevent short circuits from occurring inside the electrode assembly 13.

[0079] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the end cap assembly in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the end cap assembly in some embodiments of this application.

[0080] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the end cap assembly 11 includes a cover plate 111, an electrode terminal 112, and a seal 113. The cover plate 111 has an electrode lead-out hole 1111, and the electrode terminal 112 is located on one side of the cover plate 111 in the thickness direction and covers the electrode lead-out hole 1111. The seal 113 is disposed between the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 to seal the electrode lead-out hole 1111 circumferentially.

[0081] In the end cap assembly 11 described above, the cover plate 111 can be square, round or elliptical in shape; the electrode lead-out hole 1111 can be round, square or other shaped holes; the number of electrode terminals 112 can be one or two, and the polarities of the two electrode terminals 112 can be the same or different.

[0082] The cover plate 111 is fixed to the opening of the housing 12, thereby sealing the electrode assembly 13 and the electrolyte within the receiving cavity of the housing 12. The cover plate 111 is made of a metal material, such as aluminum or steel.

[0083] In some embodiments of this application, the cover plate 111 of the battery cell 10 is provided with two electrode lead-out holes 1111. Correspondingly, two electrode terminals 112 and two sealing members 113 are also provided. The electrode lead-out holes 1111, electrode terminals 112, and sealing members 113 are one-to-one. Each electrode terminal 112 covers the corresponding electrode lead-out hole 1111. The sealing member 113 is disposed between the corresponding electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 to seal the corresponding electrode lead-out hole 1111 circumferentially. Of the two electrode terminals 112, one is a positive electrode terminal and the other is a negative electrode terminal. The positive electrode terminal is electrically connected to the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 13 through a current collector, and the negative electrode terminal is electrically connected to the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 13 through another current collector. In other embodiments, the cover plate 111 has one electrode lead-out hole 1111, and the electrode terminal 112 covers the electrode lead-out hole 1111. Alternatively, the cover plate 111 is provided with two electrode lead-out holes 1111. Correspondingly, two electrode terminals 112 and two sealing members 113 are provided. The electrode lead-out holes 1111, electrode terminals 112 and sealing members 113 correspond one-to-one. The two electrode terminals 112 have the same polarity. The two electrode terminals 112 are electrically connected to the same tab of the electrode assembly 13 through a current collector.

[0084] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the cover plate 111 may also include a pressure relief section 1114 and an injection hole 1115. The pressure relief section 1114 is actuated when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold, so as to release the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell 10 and ensure the safety of the battery cell 10. The injection hole 1115 is used for the insertion of an external injection device to inject electrolyte into the battery cell 10.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, the cover plate 111 is flat, extending along the X direction in the length direction, along the Y direction in the width direction, and along the Z direction in the thickness direction. A pressure relief portion 1114 is centrally located on the cover plate 111 and extends through it along the Z direction. Two electrode lead-out holes 1111 are located on either side of the pressure relief portion 1114 along the X direction, and an injection hole 1115 is located close to the pressure relief portion 1114.

[0086] In other embodiments, the cover plate 111 may also be of other shapes, such as circular or elliptical, depending on the shape of the battery cell 10. The positions of the electrode lead-out hole 1111, the pressure relief part 1114 and the liquid injection hole 1115 can also be flexibly arranged according to the specific shape of the cover plate 111.

[0087] In some embodiments of this application, the seal 113 is annular, the opening shape of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 is circular, and the electrode terminal 112 is cylindrical.

[0088] In other embodiments, the seal 113 may also be square or elliptical, depending on the opening shape of the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0089] Figure 6 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional view of the end cap assembly in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the cover plate 111 has a first side 1112 and a second side 1113 on both sides along the Z direction, with the first side 1112 being the side away from the housing 12. The electrode terminal 112 is located on the first side 1112 of the cover plate 111 and covers the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0091] In the end cap assembly 11 of this application embodiment, the electrode terminal 112 is fixedly and insulatedly connected to the cover plate 111.

[0092] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the electrode terminal 112 includes a first surface 1121, a second surface 1122, and an outer peripheral surface 1123, which together form the complete outer surface of the electrode terminal 112. The first surface 1121 and the second surface 1122 are arranged opposite each other along the Z-direction. The first surface 1121 is close to the cover plate 111 and abuts against one side of the seal 113, while the second surface 1122 is away from the cover plate 111 and is used for connection with the busbar component. The outer peripheral surface 1123 extends circumferentially around the electrode terminal 112 and connects to the first surface 1121 and the second surface 1122.

[0093] like Figure 7 As shown, the end cap assembly 11 further includes a second insulating member 114 and a fixing member 115. The second insulating member 114 surrounds at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112 and is connected to the electrode terminal 112; the fixing member 115 is fixed to the cover plate 111 and is connected to the second insulating member 114. The electrode terminal 112 is fixed to the cover plate 111 by the second insulating member 114 and the fixing member 115, and the electrode terminal 112 is insulated from the fixing member 115 by the second insulating member 114. The electrode terminal 112 is fixed to the cover plate 111 by the second insulating member 114 and the fixing member 115 to position the electrode terminal 112 relative to the cover plate 111; the second insulating member 114 is disposed between the electrode terminal 112 and the fixing member 115 to insulate the electrode terminal 112 from the fixing member 115, thereby insulating the electrode terminal 112 from the cover plate 111.

[0094] In some embodiments of this application, the second insulating member 114 is annular and surrounds the outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112 to uniformly support the electrode terminal 112 in the circumferential direction.

[0095] In other embodiments, the second insulating member 114 may also be semi-circular, or multiple second insulating members 114 may be provided, with multiple second insulating members 114 spaced apart circumferentially, so as to insulate the fixing member 115 from the electrode terminal 112.

[0096] In some embodiments of this application, the second insulating member 114 is a plastic part, the fixing member 115 is a metal part, the fixing member 115 is disposed on the recessed platform structure 1117 and connected to the recessed platform surface 11171 by welding, the second insulating member 114 circumferentially surrounds the outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112 and is connected to the fixing member 115 to insulate the electrode terminal 112 from the fixing member 115.

[0097] In other embodiments, the electrode terminal 112 may also be fixedly and insulatedly connected to the cover plate 111 in other forms.

[0098] like Figure 8As shown, the sealing member 113 in this embodiment includes a body 1131 and a first insulating member 1132. A sealing through hole is formed in the center of the body 1131. The first insulating member 1132 is connected to the body 1131. The melting point of the first insulating member 1132 is higher than that of the body 1131. The first insulating member 1132 is used to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 after the body 1131 melts.

[0099] When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the ambient temperature of the end cap assembly 11 rises, causing the body 1131 and the second insulating member 114 to melt at high temperatures. Due to the melting of the second insulating member 114, the cover plate 111 loses connection with the electrode terminals 112, allowing the electrode terminals 112 to move freely relative to the cover plate 111. Under the influence of gravity and external shaking, the electrode terminals 112 come into contact with the cover plate 111. Because the body 1131 melts, the first insulating member 1132 is positioned between the electrode terminals 112 and the cover plate 111 to insulate and isolate them, ensuring an insulated connection between the electrode terminals 112 and the cover plate 111. This ensures the insulation and isolation of the two polarity electrode terminals 112 of the battery cell 10, improving the safety performance of the battery cell 10.

[0100] In the sealing element 113 of the above-described scheme, the first insulating element 1132 can be at least partially embedded inside the body 1131, or it can be completely exposed outside the body 1131; both sides of the body 1131 can abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 respectively, or one side can abut against the electrode terminal 112 or the cover plate 111; the number of first insulating elements 1132 can be one and the same as the shape of the body 1131, or the number of first insulating elements 1132 can be multiple, with multiple first insulating elements 1132 distributed at intervals along the circumference of the body 1131. The specific implementation method is described in detail below.

[0101] The melting point of the first insulating member 1132 is higher than that of the body 1131, and the first insulating member 1132 is a rigid insulating member, so as to ensure that after the body 1131 is heated and melted, it is supported between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112, and the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112 are insulated and isolated.

[0102] For example, the first insulating element 1132 is made of ceramic or silicon carbide, and the body 1131 is made of rubber. Rubber is chosen for the body 1131 because it has good elasticity and insulating properties; ceramic or silicon carbide is chosen for the first insulating element 1132 because it has corrosion resistance, insulating properties, and a high melting point, making it less prone to melting when heated. This allows it to maintain its original shape even after the body 1131 melts when heated, thus insulating and isolating the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111.

[0103] like Figure 8As shown, in the above scheme, the cover plate 111 also includes a flange 1116, which surrounds the electrode lead-out hole 1111 and protrudes toward the electrode terminal 112 along the thickness direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the cover plate 111. The first insulating member 1132 is located on the side of the flange 1116 away from the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0104] Specifically, the wall of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 extends from the first side 1112 of the cover plate 111 along the Z direction to form a flange 1116. Along the radial direction of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 (i.e., the direction perpendicular to the Z direction), the side of the flange 1116 closer to the electrode lead-out hole 1111 is the inner flange 11161, and the side farther from the electrode lead-out hole 1111 is the outer flange 11162. The flange 1116 is located in the sealing through hole of the sealing member 113, and the first insulating member 1132 is located on the outer flange 11162. That is, the projection of the first insulating member 1132 on the XY plane is within the projection range of the cover plate 111, so as to ensure that it can abut against the cover plate 111 after the body 1131 is heated and melted.

[0105] The flange 1116 is used to position the seal 113 and prevent the seal 113 from deviating from the electrode lead-out hole 1111. The first insulating member 1132 is disposed on the outer side of the flange 11162. When the body 1131 is heated and melted, the first insulating member 1132 is supported between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112. The flange 1116 can prevent the first insulating member 1132 from falling from the edge of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 and entering the interior of the battery cell 10, thereby ensuring that the first insulating member 1132 can reliably and effectively insulate and isolate the electrode terminal 112 from the cover plate 111 after the body 1131 is heated and melted.

[0106] In some embodiments of this application, the flange 1116 is a continuous ring to uniformly prevent the first insulating member 1132 from falling into the interior of the battery cell 10 in a circumferential direction.

[0107] In other embodiments, the flange 1116 may also be a plurality of protrusions arranged circumferentially, with the spacing between two adjacent protrusions being less than the minimum outer dimension of the first insulating member 1132, which can also prevent the first insulating member 1132 from falling into the interior of the battery cell 10.

[0108] In some embodiments of this application, the dimension of the first insulating member 1132 in the thickness direction (i.e., the Z direction) of the cover plate 111 is greater than the protrusion height of the flange 1116.

[0109] The dimension of the first insulating member 1132 in the thickness direction of the cover plate 111 is greater than the protrusion height of the flange 1116, which can ensure that after the body 1131 is heated and melted, the first insulating member 1132 abuts against the electrode terminal 112 before the flange 1116, and the electrode terminal 112 will not be electrically connected to the cover plate 111 through the flange 1116, thereby reliably isolating the electrode terminal 112 from the cover plate 111.

[0110] For example, in the Z direction, the protrusion height of the flange 1116 is 0.5-1 times the size of the first insulating member 1132, which can effectively prevent the first insulating member 1132 from falling into the battery cell 10 and ensure that the first insulating member 1132 abuts against the electrode terminal 112 before the flange 1116.

[0111] The body 1131 is disposed between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112 for circumferentially sealing the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0112] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the body 1131 includes a first portion 11311, a second portion 11312, and a third portion 11313. The first portion 11311 is located on the inner side 11161 of the flange, the second portion 11312 is located on the outer side 11162 of the flange, and the third portion 11313 is located on the side of the flange 1116 near the electrode terminal 112. The third portion 11313 connects the first portion 11311 and the second portion 11312, and the first insulating member 1132 is at least partially embedded in the second portion 11312.

[0113] The second portion 11312 of the body 1131 abuts between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112. The first portion 11311 and the third portion 11313 together cooperate with the flange 1116 to position the body 1131, preventing the body 1131 from deviating from the electrode lead-out hole 1111 and affecting the peripheral sealing effect of the electrode lead-out hole 1111. The first insulating member 1132 is at least partially embedded in the second portion 11312. The first insulating member 1132 can be supported between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112 after the body 1131 is heated and melted, so as to insulate and isolate the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112.

[0114] In other embodiments of this application, the body 1131 may also include only the second part 11312 and the third part 11313, or only the second part 11312, to have a simple structure.

[0115] In the above scheme, the first insulating member 1132 can be partially or completely embedded inside the second part 11312 of the body 1131, or it can be completely exposed outside the second part 11312 of the body 1131. The two sides of the body 1131 can respectively abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111, or one side can abut against the electrode terminal 112 or the cover plate 111.

[0116] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, a recessed structure 1117 is formed on the edge of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 to accommodate the electrode terminal 112. The portion of the electrode terminal 112 is arranged within the recessed structure 1117, which reduces the size of the electrode terminal 112 protruding from the cover plate 111, thereby reducing the external size of the battery cell 10, indirectly increasing the energy density, and also facilitating the installation and positioning of the electrode terminal 112, simplifying the assembly process.

[0117] Specifically, the recessed platform structure 1117 includes a recessed platform surface 11171 and a recessed platform hole wall 11172. The recessed platform surface 11171 is parallel to the surface of the cover plate 111 and recessed into the cover plate 111. The recessed platform surface 11171 is used to abut against the sealing member 113, which is disposed between the recessed platform surface 11171 and the first surface 1121 of the electrode terminal 112. The recessed platform hole wall 11172 corresponds to the outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112.

[0118] In other embodiments, the recessed platform structure 1117 may not be provided, and the sealing member 113 may abut against the surface of the first side 1112 provided on the cover plate 111.

[0119] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the first insulating member 1132 is completely embedded inside the body 1131. The first insulating member 1132 is not only fixedly connected to the body 1131, but also does not increase the external dimensions of the body 1131, making the sealing member 113 structure compact. The two sides of the body 1131 abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 respectively. The body 1131 is pressed between the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 to circumferentially seal the electrode lead-out hole 1111, preventing the electrolyte inside the battery cell 10 from leaking from the gap between the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111.

[0120] In the above scheme, the number of first insulating elements 1132 can be one; the number of first insulating elements 1132 can also be multiple, and multiple first insulating elements 1132 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the body 1131; the two sides of the body 1131 can respectively abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111, or one side can abut against the electrode terminal 112 or the cover plate 111.

[0121] Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 The diagram shows cross-sectional views of several forms in which the first insulating element is connected to the body in some embodiments of the seal provided in this application.

[0122] In some embodiments of this application, the body 1131 is annular, and there are multiple first insulating elements 1132, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the body 1131.

[0123] Multiple first insulating elements 1132 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the body 1131, which can provide multiple first insulating elements 1132 around the circumference of the electrode lead hole 1111. After the body 1131 is melted, the multiple first insulating elements 1132 together support the electrode terminal 112 around the circumference of the electrode lead hole 1111, so as to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111 around the circumference of the electrode lead hole 1111, thereby improving the reliability of the insulation and isolation between the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111.

[0124] Multiple first insulating elements 1132 can be evenly spaced along the circumference of the body 1131, or they can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the body 1131.

[0125] like Figure 9 As shown, for example, eight first insulating elements 1132 are provided, and the eight first insulating elements 1132 are evenly spaced along the axial direction of the body 1131.

[0126] like Figure 10 As shown, for example, four first insulating elements 1132 are provided, two of which are located on the same radial line of the body 1131, and the other two are located on the same radial line of the body 1131.

[0127] In the above-described embodiment with multiple first insulating elements 1132, the shape of the first insulating element 1132 is a cuboid, cylinder, or sphere, or it can be an arc-shaped structure. The shape is simple and easy to manufacture.

[0128] In other embodiments, a first insulating member 1132 is provided, and both the body 1131 and the first insulating member 1132 are annular. The body 1131 is arranged around the electrode lead-out hole 1111, and the first insulating member 1132 is arranged around the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0129] like Figure 11 As shown, for example, the first insulating member 1132 is completely embedded in the body 1131 and is in the form of a ring. The first insulating member 1132 and the body 1131 can be arranged coaxially or eccentrically, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0130] The first insulating member 1132 is annular and surrounds the electrode lead-out hole 1111. After the body 1131 melts, the annular first insulating member 1132 uniformly supports the electrode terminal 112 around the electrode lead-out hole 1111 in a circumferential direction, so as to isolate the electrode terminal 112 from the cover plate 111 in a circumferential direction around the electrode lead-out hole 1111, thereby improving the reliability of the insulation isolation between the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111.

[0131] Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 The diagram shown illustrates the structure of several other forms of seals in other embodiments of this application.

[0132] In some other embodiments of this application, the first insulating member 1132 is partially embedded inside the body 1131, which enables the first insulating member 1132 to be firmly connected to the body 1131 and reduces the space occupied by the first insulating member 1132 protruding from the body 1131, thereby reducing the external dimensions of the seal 113.

[0133] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the first insulating member 1132 can protrude from the outer surface of the body 1131, so that both sides of the body 1131 abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111, respectively. The first insulating member 1132 can protrude from the body 1131 in a direction away from or towards the sealing through hole, protruding from the body 1131 in both directions.

[0134] For example, such as Figure 13 As shown, the first insulating member 1132 may protrude from the outer surface of the body 1131, and one side of the body 1131 abuts against the electrode terminal 112 or the cover plate 111. Specifically, the first insulating member 1132 may protrude from the body 1131 towards the side of the body 1131 near the cover plate 111, or it may protrude from the body 1131 towards the side of the body 1131 near the electrode terminal 112.

[0135] In some other embodiments of this application, the first insulating member 1132 is fully exposed on the outer surface of the body 1131 so that the body 1131 is uniformly abutted against the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112 in the circumferential direction, thereby improving the circumferential sealing of the electrode lead-out hole 1111.

[0136] For example, such as Figure 14As shown, the first insulating member 1132 is completely exposed on the outer surface of the body 1131. The first insulating member 1132 is bonded to the body 1131, and both sides of the body 1131 abut against the electrode terminal 112 and the cover plate 111, respectively. The first insulating member 1132 can be completely exposed on the surface of the body 1131 away from the sealing via, or it can be completely exposed on the surface of the body 1131 close to the sealing via.

[0137] When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway, the second insulating component 114 melts, causing the electrode terminal 112 to lose connection with the cover plate 111. The electrode terminal 112 may then fall due to its own weight, and its outer peripheral surface 1123 may come into contact with the recessed hole wall 11172 (e.g., Figure 8 (As shown) contact, resulting in a conductive connection between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112.

[0138] In order to insulate the cover plate 111 from the electrode terminal 112, an insulating layer may be provided on the surface of the electrode terminal 112 to further ensure the insulation and isolation between the cover plate 111 and the electrode terminal 112 when the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway.

[0139] Figure 15 and Figure 16 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode terminals in some embodiments of this application.

[0140] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the electrode terminal 112 includes a first surface 1121, a second surface 1122 and an outer peripheral surface 1123. The first surface 1121, the second surface 1122 and the outer peripheral surface 1123 together form the complete outer surface of the electrode terminal 112. The outer peripheral surface 1123 is circumferential around the electrode terminal 112 and is connected to the first surface 1121 and the second surface 1122.

[0141] In the description of this application, the outer peripheral surface 1123 is a surface with a contour around its circumference. When there is a step in the Z direction on the outer periphery of the electrode terminal 112, the outer peripheral surface 1123 is a continuous surface. For example, the outer peripheral surface 1123 includes a first segment 11231, a second segment 11232, a third segment 11233, and a fourth segment 11234 that transition in sequence. The first segment 11231 is connected to the second surface 1122, and the fourth segment 11234 is connected to the first surface 1121.

[0142] In some embodiments of this application, an insulating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112, and the melting point of the insulating layer is higher than the melting point of the body 1131.

[0143] When the body 1131 is heated and melted, the electrode terminal 112 may be displaced relative to the cover plate 111 in a direction perpendicular to the thickness of the cover plate 111 (i.e., in the xy plane). The outer peripheral surface 1123 of the electrode terminal 112 may collide with the countersunk hole wall 11172 of the electrode lead-out hole 1111 (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (As shown) contact, causing electrode terminal 112 to be electrically connected to cover plate 111. An insulating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface 1123 of electrode terminal 112. The melting point of the insulating layer is higher than that of the body 1131. The insulating layer can contact the recessed hole wall 11172 of electrode lead hole 1111 through the insulating layer to insulate and isolate cover plate 111 from electrode terminal 112.

[0144] In other embodiments, the recessed hole wall 11172 (e.g.) can also be used. Figure 8 An insulating layer is provided (as shown) to insulate and isolate the cover plate 111 from the electrode terminal 112.

[0145] There are various forms of forming an insulating layer on the surface of the electrode terminal 112.

[0146] In some embodiments of this application, the insulating layer is a hard anodized layer. The hard anodizing process can form a hard anodized layer on the surface of the electrode terminal 112, improving the insulation performance of the electrode terminal 112 surface and forming the insulating layer efficiently and at low cost. For example, the entire outer surface of the electrode terminal 112 can be oxidized to form an insulating layer, and then the first surface 1121 and the second surface 1122 can be milled out, making the first surface 1121 and the second surface 1122 conductive surfaces.

[0147] In other embodiments, processes such as film application and spraying can also be used to form an insulating layer on the surface of the electrode terminal 112.

[0148] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0149] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An end cap assembly, characterized in that, include: The cover plate has electrode lead-out holes and pressure relief sections; The electrode terminal is located on one side of the cover plate in the thickness direction and covers the electrode lead-out hole; A sealing element is disposed between the electrode terminal and the cover plate to seal the electrode lead-out hole circumferentially. The sealing element includes a body and a first insulating element. The first insulating element is connected to the body and is completely embedded inside the body. The melting point of the first insulating element is higher than that of the body. The first insulating element is used to insulate and isolate the electrode terminal and the cover plate after the body melts. The cover plate also includes a flange that surrounds the electrode lead-out hole and protrudes toward the electrode terminal along the thickness direction of the cover plate. The first insulating member is located on the side of the flange away from the electrode lead-out hole, and the dimension of the first insulating member in the thickness direction of the cover plate is greater than the protrusion height of the flange.

2. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body is ring-shaped, and there are multiple first insulating elements, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the body.

3. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the body and the first insulating member are annular, and both the body and the first insulating member are arranged around the electrode lead-out hole.

4. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body abuts against the electrode terminals and the cover plate, respectively.

5. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first insulating component is made of ceramic or silicon carbide, and the body is made of rubber.

6. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body includes a first part, a second part, and a third part. The first part is located on the side of the flange near the electrode lead-out hole, the second part is located on the side of the flange away from the electrode lead-out hole, and the third part is located on the side of the flange near the electrode terminal. The third part connects the first part and the second part, and the first insulating member is at least partially embedded in the second part.

7. The end cap assembly according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, An insulating layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal, and the melting point of the insulating layer is higher than that of the body.

8. The end cap assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insulating layer is a hard anodized layer.

9. The end cap assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end cap assembly also includes: A second insulating member surrounds at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the electrode terminal and is connected to the electrode terminal; A fastener is fixed to the cover plate and connected to the second insulating component; The electrode terminal is fixed to the cover plate by the second insulating member and the fixing member, and the electrode terminal is insulated and isolated from the fixing member by the second insulating member.

10. A single battery cell, characterized in that, include: The shell has an opening; The electrode assembly is disposed inside the housing; The end cap assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, wherein the end cap assembly covers the opening to enclose the electrode assembly within the housing.

11. A battery, characterized in that, Includes the battery cell as described in claim 10.

12. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery as described in claim 11.

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