Hydrostatic liquid cushion and connection structure
By setting a slit baffle in the oil cavity of the liquid float pad, the oil cavity is divided into a main oil cavity and a secondary oil cavity and kept connected, which solves the problem of motion instability caused by turbulence and vortex of the liquid float pad and realizes a more stable motion of the hydrostatic liquid float pad.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WUHAN POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2022-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid floats become unstable at high speeds due to turbulence and vortex phenomena.
A slit baffle is used to divide the oil chamber into a main oil chamber and a secondary oil chamber, and these two chambers are connected. This isolates the tangential stress between the oil film and the liquid in the main oil chamber, maintains the laminar flow of the liquid, and suppresses turbulence and vortex phenomena.
This improves the motion stability of the liquid float, eliminates minor vibrations, and ensures the smooth movement of the liquid float.
Smart Images
Figure CN117489702B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrostatic technology, specifically to a hydrostatic float and its connecting structure. Background Technology
[0002] Liquid float bearings are a type of standardized liquid float bearing product that utilizes hydrostatic bearing technology. Liquid float bearings have advantages such as high rigidity, high load-bearing capacity, near-zero friction, and long service life, and are widely used in sliding pair connections in ultra-precision machine tools.
[0003] Because commonly used lubricating fluids have a certain viscosity, when the float moves at high speed on the guide rail or journal, the movement of the guide rail or journal surface relative to the float will cause turbulence and vortex phenomena in the oil cavity. These phenomena will cause tiny vibrations in the float, which will seriously affect the movement stability of the float. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a hydrostatic liquid float and its connecting structure, which aims to solve the problem of unstable motion caused by turbulence and vortex phenomena in existing liquid floats.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes a hydrostatic float, which is movably disposed between a slide and a guide rail, the hydrostatic float comprising:
[0006] The pad body has an oil cavity extending in a left-right direction at its end near the guide rail; and...
[0007] A slit partition is disposed within the oil cavity to divide the oil cavity into a main oil cavity and a secondary oil cavity arranged in the vertical direction. The main oil cavity and the secondary oil cavity are connected, and the dimension of the main oil cavity in the vertical direction is larger than that of the secondary oil cavity in the vertical direction.
[0008] Optionally, the slit partition has a plurality of slit channels, which are spaced apart in the left-right direction.
[0009] Optionally, in the vertical direction, the cavity width of each slit channel is L1, and the dimension of the main oil cavity in the vertical direction is L2, where L1 = L2.
[0010] Optionally, in the left-right direction, the cavity width of each slit channel is L3, wherein 0.1mm≤L3≤1mm.
[0011] Optionally, the main oil chamber has a vertical dimension of L2, where 1.2mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6mm; and / or,
[0012] The auxiliary oil chamber has a vertical dimension of L4, where 0.08mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.12mm.
[0013] Optionally, the slit partition has a vertical dimension of L5, where 0.8mm ≤ L5 ≤ 1.2mm.
[0014] Optionally, the hydrostatic float further includes:
[0015] An oil inlet threaded hole is formed on the pad body and located above the oil cavity;
[0016] A throttle valve, located above the oil chamber and communicating with the oil inlet threaded hole; and
[0017] An oil inlet channel is formed within the pad body, with one end of the oil inlet channel connected to the throttle and the other end connected to the oil chamber.
[0018] Optionally, the oil cavity has connecting grooves formed at both ends in the left-right direction;
[0019] The slit partition has through holes at both ends in the left and right directions that correspond to the connecting grooves;
[0020] The hydrostatic float also includes two connecting screws and a sealant layer. Each connecting screw passes through each of the through holes and engages with each of the connecting grooves in sequence to fix both ends of the slit partition in the oil cavity, and the sealant layer fills the space between the connecting screws, each of the through holes and each of the connecting grooves.
[0021] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a connection structure, comprising:
[0022] A slide and a guide rail, wherein a receiving cavity is formed within the slide and the guide rail, and the receiving cavity contains lubricating oil; and...
[0023] A hydrostatic float is movably disposed within the receiving cavity along the flow direction of the lubricating oil;
[0024] The hydrostatic float includes a pad body and a slit partition. The pad body has an oil cavity extending in the left-right direction at the end near the guide rail. The slit partition is disposed in the oil cavity and is used to divide the oil cavity into a main oil cavity and a secondary oil cavity arranged in the up-down direction. The main oil cavity and the secondary oil cavity are connected, and the dimension of the main oil cavity in the up-down direction is larger than the dimension of the secondary oil cavity in the up-down direction.
[0025] Optionally, the movement speed of the hydrostatic float is V, where V ≤ 0.4 m / s.
[0026] In the technical solution of the present invention, the slit partition is used to divide the oil chamber into a main oil tank and a secondary oil chamber, and the main oil chamber and the secondary oil chamber are connected, thereby isolating the tangential stress between the oil film and the liquid in the main oil chamber, so that the liquid in the main oil chamber maintains a stable laminar flow state, thereby suppressing turbulence and vortex phenomena, eliminating the micro-vibrations caused by the above phenomena, and improving the motion stability of the hydrostatic float. Attached Figure Description
[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hydrostatic float provided by the present invention;
[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the throttle body;
[0030] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Image analysis of the vortex position of a hydrostatic float in medium-pressure liquid;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the connection structure provided by the present invention.
[0032] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0033] label name label name 1000 Connection structure 7 Slit passage 100 Hydrostatic float 8 auxiliary oil cavity 1 Oil inlet threaded hole 9 Connecting slot 2 Throttling 10 Hexagonal socket 3 Oil inlet channel 11 throttle orifice 4 Slit partition 200 slide 5 Pad body 300 guide 6 Main oil chamber 400 oil film
[0034] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0036] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0037] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the meaning of "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions; for example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.
[0038] Liquid float bearings are a type of standardized liquid float bearing product that utilizes hydrostatic bearing technology. Liquid float bearings have advantages such as high rigidity, high load-bearing capacity, near-zero friction, and long service life, and are widely used in sliding pair connections in ultra-precision machine tools.
[0039] Because commonly used lubricating fluids have a certain viscosity, when the float moves at high speed on the guide rail or journal, the movement of the guide rail or journal surface relative to the float will cause turbulence and vortex phenomena in the oil cavity. These phenomena will cause tiny vibrations in the float, which will seriously affect the movement stability of the float.
[0040] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrostatic float. Figures 1 to 3 This invention provides an embodiment of a hydrostatic float, which can suppress turbulence and vortex phenomena, thereby improving the motion stability of the hydrostatic float. The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, mainly focuses on the hydrostatic float.
[0041] Please see Figure 1This invention proposes a hydrostatic float 100, which is movably disposed between a slide plate 200 and a guide rail 300. The hydrostatic float includes a pad body 5 and a slit partition 4. The pad body 5 has an oil cavity extending in the left-right direction at the end near the guide rail 300. The slit partition 4 is disposed in the oil cavity and is used to divide the oil cavity into a main oil cavity 6 and a secondary oil cavity 8 arranged in the up-down direction. The main oil cavity 6 and the secondary oil cavity 8 are connected, and the dimension of the main oil cavity 6 in the up-down direction is larger than the dimension of the secondary oil cavity 8 in the up-down direction.
[0042] In the technical solution of the present invention, the slit partition 4 is used to divide the oil chamber into a main oil tank and an auxiliary oil chamber 8, and the main oil chamber 6 and the auxiliary oil chamber 8 are connected, thereby isolating the tangential stress between the oil film 400 and the liquid in the main oil chamber 6, so that the liquid in the main oil chamber 6 maintains a stable laminar flow state, thereby suppressing turbulence and vortex phenomena, eliminating the micro-vibrations caused by the above phenomena, and improving the motion stability of the hydrostatic float 100.
[0043] It should be noted that the vortex phenomenon has a significant impact on the motion stability of the hydrostatic float 100. Therefore, in this embodiment, based on the viscous shear theory, the slit baffle 4 is provided in the oil cavity to isolate the tangential stress between the oil film 400 and the liquid in the main oil cavity 6 due to the diversion fluid.
[0044] Further, please refer to Figure 1 The slit partition 4 has multiple slit channels 7 formed on it, and the multiple slit channels 7 are spaced apart in the left-right direction. It should be noted that the number of slit channels 7 is not limited, and is selected according to the actual application scenario. As a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, there are two slit channels 7, which are spaced apart. The function of the slit channels 7 is to connect the main oil chamber 6 and the auxiliary oil chamber 8, so that when the hydrostatic float 100 moves, the liquid in the main oil chamber 6 can maintain a stable laminar flow state, suppress turbulence and vortex phenomena, and make the movement more stable.
[0045] It should be noted that the slit channel 7 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the hydrostatic float 100 in the length direction. The cavity length of the slit channel 7 is the same as the cavity width of the main oil cavity 6. The cavity width of the slit channel 7 is related to the characteristics of the fluid medium (i.e., lubricating oil), the oil supply flow rate, the movement speed of the float, and other conditions.
[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the cavity width of each slit channel 7 in the vertical direction is L1, and the dimension of the main oil cavity 6 in the vertical direction is L2, where L1 = L2.
[0047] Furthermore, in the left-right direction, the cavity width of each of the slit channels 7 is L3, where 0.1mm ≤ L3 ≤ 1mm. As a preferred embodiment of this example, the cavity width of the slit channel 7 is 0.3mm. For details, please refer to... Figure 3 By analyzing the image of the vortex position, the inventors set the cavity width of the slit channel 7 to 1 mm and continuously reduced the cavity width of the slit channel 7 until it was reduced to 0.3 mm. At this point, it can be seen from the image analysis that the vortices in the recesses of the hydrostatic float 100 are significantly reduced, and all vortices are completely suppressed. Therefore, when the cavity width of the slit channel 7 is set to 0.3 mm, the liquid in the main oil chamber 6 can maintain a stable laminar flow state, suppressing turbulence and vortex phenomena, making the movement more stable.
[0048] It should be noted that the dimension of the main oil chamber 6 in the vertical direction is L2, wherein 1.2mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6mm; the dimension of the auxiliary oil chamber 8 in the vertical direction is L4, wherein 0.08mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.12mm. Further, as a preferred embodiment, the dimension of the main oil chamber 6 in the vertical direction is 1.4mm.
[0049] It should be noted that the height of the auxiliary oil chamber 8 should be as small as possible without generating liquid resistance. The specific value is related to the characteristics of the liquid medium, the oil supply pressure, the flow rate, and other conditions. Specifically, in this embodiment, taking the application of the liquid hydrostatic float 100 to an ultra-precision machine tool as an example, the dimension of the auxiliary oil chamber 8 in the vertical direction is 0.1 mm.
[0050] Specifically, the width of the slit baffle 4 is related to the characteristics of the fluid medium, the oil supply flow rate, the movement speed of the liquid float, and other conditions. The vertical dimension of the slit baffle 4 is L5, where 0.8mm ≤ L5 ≤ 1.2mm. In this embodiment, the fluid medium is lubricating oil; therefore, the vertical dimension of the slit baffle 4 is 1mm.
[0051] Please see Figure 3 In Figures a and b, a is an image analysis diagram of the hydrostatic float 100 without the slit partition 4, and b is an image analysis diagram of the hydrostatic float 100 with the slit partition 4. In Figures a and b, c and f are schematic diagrams of vortices at the inlet of the recess, d and g are schematic diagrams of vortices in random local areas, e and h are schematic diagrams of vortices at the edge of the recess, i and j are schematic diagrams of vortices in the slit channel area, k and m are schematic diagrams of vortices at a width of 1 mm in the slit channel 7, and l and n are schematic diagrams of vortices at a width of 0.3 mm in the slit channel 7. Figure 3It can be seen that when the liquid depressurizing float is provided with a slit baffle 4, it can suppress turbulence and vortex phenomena. When the width of the slit channel 7 is reduced from 1 mm to 0.3 mm, the vortex phenomenon gradually disappears.
[0052] Please continue reading. Figure 1 The hydrostatic float 100 further includes an oil inlet threaded hole 1, a throttle 2, and an oil inlet channel 3; the oil inlet threaded hole 1 is formed on the pad body 5 and is located above the oil cavity; the throttle 2 is located above the oil cavity and communicates with the oil inlet threaded hole 1; the oil inlet channel 3 is formed inside the pad body 5, one end of the oil inlet channel 3 communicates with the throttle 2, and the other end communicates with the oil cavity. Specifically, in this embodiment, lubricating oil enters through the oil inlet threaded hole 1, flows into the throttle 2, then flows through the oil inlet channel 3 into the main oil chamber 6, filling the entire main oil chamber 6, then flows through the two slit channels 7 into the auxiliary oil chamber 8, and then flows through the auxiliary oil chamber 8 into the hydrostatic float 100 and the guide rail 300, forming an oil film 400 on the hydrostatic float 100 and the guide rail 300. The hydrostatic float 100 flows (moves) through the oil film 400. Specifically, as a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the thickness of the oil film 400 is 0.025mm, which can ensure the motion stability of the hydrostatic float 100 and avoid turbulence and vortex phenomena.
[0053] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 The throttle 2 includes an internal hexagonal hole 10 and a throttle hole 11. The throttle hole 11 is used to connect and correspond to the oil inlet channel 3, and the internal hexagonal hole 10 is used to correspond to the oil inlet threaded hole 1.
[0054] Please continue reading. Figure 1 To ensure the stability of the connection of the slit partition 4, connecting grooves 9 are formed at both ends of the oil cavity in the left-right direction; through holes corresponding to the connecting grooves 9 are formed at both ends of the slit partition 4 in the left-right direction; the hydrostatic float 100 also includes two connecting screws and a sealant layer. Each connecting screw passes through each of the through holes and engages with each of the connecting grooves 9 in sequence, fixing both ends of the slit partition 4 in the oil cavity, and the sealant layer fills the space between the connecting screws, each of the through holes, and each of the connecting grooves 9. Specifically, the two ends of the slit partition 4 are connected by high-strength threads and then filled with sealant, so that the slit partition 4 is firmly fixed in the oil cavity, preventing the movement of the slit partition 4 from causing changes in the dimensions of the main oil cavity 6 and the secondary oil cavity 8, thereby failing to suppress turbulence and vortex phenomena.
[0055] Please see Figure 4The present invention also proposes a connecting structure 1000, including a slide 200, a guide rail 300, and a hydrostatic float 100. The slide 200 and the guide rail 300 have accommodating cavities containing lubricating oil. The hydrostatic float 100 is movably disposed within the accommodating cavity along the flow direction of the lubricating oil. The specific structure of the hydrostatic float 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since this connecting structure 1000 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.
[0056] Specifically, in this embodiment, the movement speed of the hydrostatic float 100 is V, where V≤0.4m / s.
[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural transformations made under the concept of the present invention using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hydrostatic float, movably mounted between a slide and a guide rail, characterized in that, The hydrostatic float includes: The pad body has an oil cavity extending in a left-right direction at its end near the guide rail; and... A slit partition is disposed within the oil cavity to divide the oil cavity into a main oil cavity and a secondary oil cavity arranged in the vertical direction. The main oil cavity and the secondary oil cavity are connected, and the dimension of the main oil cavity in the vertical direction is larger than that of the secondary oil cavity in the vertical direction. The slit partition has multiple slit channels, which are spaced apart in the left-right direction. In the left-right direction, the cavity width of each slit channel is L3, where 0.1mm≤L3≤1mm.
2. The hydrostatic float as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In the vertical direction, the cavity length of each slit channel is L1, and the dimension of the main oil cavity in the vertical direction is L2, where L1=L2.
3. The hydrostatic float as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main oil chamber has a vertical dimension of L2, where 1.2mm ≤ L2 ≤ 1.6mm; and / or, The auxiliary oil chamber has a vertical dimension of L4, where 0.08mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.12mm.
4. The hydrostatic float as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The slit partition has a vertical dimension of L5, where 0.8mm ≤ L5 ≤ 1.2mm.
5. The hydrostatic float as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrostatic float also includes: An oil inlet threaded hole is formed on the pad body and located above the oil cavity; A throttle valve, located above the oil chamber and communicating with the oil inlet threaded hole; and An oil inlet channel is formed within the pad body, with one end of the oil inlet channel connected to the throttle and the other end connected to the oil chamber.
6. The hydrostatic float as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The oil cavity has connecting grooves at both ends in the left-right direction; The slit partition has through holes at both ends in the left and right directions that correspond to the connecting grooves; The hydrostatic float also includes two connecting screws and a sealant layer. Each connecting screw passes through each of the through holes and engages with each of the connecting grooves in sequence to fix both ends of the slit partition in the oil cavity, and the sealant layer fills the space between the connecting screws, each of the through holes and each of the connecting grooves.
7. A connection structure, characterized in that, include: A slide and a guide rail, wherein a receiving cavity is formed within the slide and the guide rail, and the receiving cavity contains lubricating oil; and... A hydrostatic float is movably disposed within the receiving cavity along the flow direction of the lubricating oil; Wherein, the liquid hydrostatic float is the liquid hydrostatic float as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The connection structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The velocity of the hydrostatic float is V, where V ≤ 0.4 m / s.