A magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure and a control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of magnetic bearings, which comprises a shell, a stator assembly embedded in the shell, a rotor assembly arranged in the stator assembly, and an anti-lock protection assembly arranged between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly. An electromagnetic coil is wound on the inner wall of the stator assembly. The anti-lock protection assembly maintains a preset suspension gap with the rotor assembly. The anti-lock protection assembly comprises an elastic damping buffer layer arranged on the inner wall of the stator assembly and a self-lubricating low-friction lining arranged on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer. The elastic damping buffer layer is used for absorbing the impact force when the rotor assembly loses electromagnetic force support. The self-lubricating low-friction lining is used for reducing the contact friction force when the rotor assembly loses electromagnetic force support, preventing the rotor from being locked and stuck instantaneously, and significantly improving the fault tolerance and equipment safety of the magnetic bearing under abnormal working conditions. Meanwhile, the service life of the rotor and the stator assembly is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetic bearing technology, specifically to a magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic bearings are a new type of bearing that uses electromagnetic force to achieve contactless levitation and frictionless rotation of the rotor. Compared with traditional rolling bearings and sliding bearings, they have significant advantages such as high speed, low noise, no wear, no lubrication required, and low maintenance costs, and have been widely used in high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, aerospace and other fields. However, due to the influence of rotor dynamic balance and magnetic circuit imbalance of the magnetic bearing, the rotor is prone to excessive positional runout when rotating at high speed, and may even have difficulty maintaining magnetic levitation balance when subjected to sudden external forces.

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, existing technologies can maintain the rotor's dynamic balance at all times by setting up displacement detection components or by using suspension mechanisms and critical warning mechanisms. However, in the event of a sudden power outage or control system failure, the rotor loses its electromagnetic support and is prone to rigid collision with the stator, leading to bearing seizure and component damage.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design magnetic bearings with anti-lock protection structures and their control methods to avoid bearing seizure during sudden power outages or control system failures. This is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure and its control method, thereby preventing bearing seizure during sudden power outages or control system malfunctions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure includes a housing, a stator assembly embedded inside the housing, a rotor assembly disposed within the stator assembly, and an anti-lock protection component disposed between the stator assembly and the rotor assembly. An electromagnetic coil is wound around the inner wall of the stator assembly. The anti-lock protection component maintains a preset suspension gap with the rotor assembly. The anti-lock protection component includes an elastic damping buffer layer disposed on the inner wall of the stator assembly and a self-lubricating low-friction liner disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer. The elastic damping buffer layer absorbs the impact force when the rotor assembly loses electromagnetic support, and the self-lubricating low-friction liner reduces the contact friction force when the rotor assembly loses electromagnetic support.

[0007] Preferably, the stator assembly is further provided with a displacement sensor and a control module. The control module is electrically connected to the displacement sensor and the electromagnetic coil, respectively. The displacement sensor is used to detect the levitation displacement of the rotor assembly and feed it back to the control module. The control module controls the current of the electromagnetic coil to adjust the electromagnetic levitation force.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-lock braking system further includes an elastic preload assembly disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer and the stator assembly, and an axial guide limiter disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer and the self-lubricating low-friction liner.

[0009] Preferably, the elastic preload assembly includes a mounting groove formed on the inner wall of the stator assembly, and an elastic element disposed in the mounting groove, one end of which is connected to the mounting groove and the other end of which abuts against the elastic damping buffer layer. The mounting groove is configured as at least two and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the stator assembly. After the elastic element and the elastic damping buffer layer are installed, the elastic element is provided with a preload force.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove that engages with the elastic element.

[0011] Preferably, the axial guide limiting member includes a guide post disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer, and a guide limiting ring disposed at the end of the guide post away from the elastic damping buffer layer. The guide post is configured as at least two and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer.

[0012] Preferably, the axial guide limiting member is made of stainless steel, ceramic or engineering plastic.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic damping buffer layer is made of silicone rubber, polyurethane or metal rubber composite material, and the elastic damping buffer layer covers the entire circumferential surface of the inner wall of the stator assembly.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes an emergency protection unit, which includes a contact pressure sensor and a backup power module. The contact pressure sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the self-lubricating low-friction liner and is electrically connected to the control module. The backup power module is electrically connected to the control module and the electromagnetic coil.

[0015] This invention also discloses a magnetic bearing control method with an anti-lock protection structure, which, using the magnetic bearing with the anti-lock protection structure described above, includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of pressure values ​​using contact pressure sensors; When the rotor assembly loses its levitation force and falls into contact with the anti-lock protection component, the contact pressure sensor will detect the pressure signal generated by the contact between the two in real time and feed the pressure signal back to the control module. Upon receiving the pressure signal, the control module immediately determines that abnormal contact has occurred in the rotor assembly, and then triggers the backup power module to start, providing temporary power support for the control module and the electromagnetic coil.

[0016] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: By sequentially setting an elastic damping buffer layer and a self-lubricating low-friction liner on the inner wall of the stator assembly, when the rotor assembly loses electromagnetic force support due to accidental power failure or overload, the elastic damping buffer layer first effectively absorbs the impact energy between the rotor and stator, avoiding rigid collision damage, and then the self-lubricating low-friction liner significantly reduces the sliding friction force after rotor contact, thereby preventing the rotor from instantly seizing and jamming. This significantly improves the fault tolerance of the magnetic bearing under abnormal operating conditions, equipment safety, and restart success rate, while also extending the service life of the rotor and stator assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the magnetic bearing housing with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a magnetic bearing stator assembly with an anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a magnetic bearing electromagnetic coil with an anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the magnetic bearing rotor assembly with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the magnetic bearing stator assembly with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the magnetic bearing rotor assembly with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 8This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the elastic damping buffer layer of the magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. Appendix Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the magnetic bearing axial guide limiting component with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the self-lubricating low-friction inner liner of the magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this invention. The components include: 1. Stator assembly; 2. Rotor assembly; 3. Electromagnetic coil; 4. Displacement sensor; 5. Control module; 6. Anti-lock protection assembly; 61. Elastic damping buffer layer; 62. Self-lubricating low-friction liner; 63. Axial guide limiter; 64. Elastic preload assembly; and 7. Housing. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose of this invention is to provide a magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure and its control method to avoid bearing seizure during sudden power outages or control system failures.

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8The magnetic bearing with anti-lock protection structure disclosed in this embodiment of the invention includes at least a housing 7. A stator assembly 1 is embedded inside the housing 7. The stator assembly 1 is tightly fitted to and coaxially arranged with the inner wall of the housing 7. An electromagnetic coil 3 is wound around the inner wall of the stator assembly 1. A rotor assembly 2 is adapted to be installed inside the stator assembly 1. An anti-lock protection component 6 is embedded between the inner wall of the stator assembly 1 and the outer wall of the rotor assembly 2. The anti-lock protection component 6 maintains a preset suspension gap with the rotor assembly 2. The anti-lock protection component 6 includes an elastic damping buffer layer 61 disposed on the inner wall of the stator assembly 1, and a self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer 61. The elastic damping buffer layer 61 is used to absorb the impact when the rotor assembly 2 loses electromagnetic force support. The impact force of the stator assembly 1 is mitigated by the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62, which reduces the contact friction between the rotor assembly 2 and the anti-lock protection assembly 6 when the rotor assembly 2 loses electromagnetic support. By sequentially setting the elastic damping buffer layer 61 and the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 on the inner wall of the stator assembly 1, when the rotor assembly 2 loses electromagnetic support due to accidental power failure or overload, the elastic damping buffer layer 61 first effectively absorbs the impact energy between the rotor and the stator, avoiding rigid collision damage. Then, the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 significantly reduces the sliding friction after rotor contact, thereby preventing the rotor from instantly locking up. This significantly improves the fault tolerance of the magnetic bearing under abnormal operating conditions, equipment safety, and restart success rate, while also extending the service life of the rotor and stator assembly 1.

[0023] It should be noted that the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 and the elastic damping buffer layer 61 are tightly bonded together with a high-temperature resistant adhesive to ensure force transmission and structural stability. The outer wall of the rotor assembly 2 is provided with a TiN (titanium nitride) wear-resistant coating to reduce wear when the rotor assembly 2 comes into contact with the anti-lock protection component 6. The self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 is tightly bonded to the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer 61 and is made of a low-friction coefficient, high-wear-resistant material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, wear-resistant nylon, bronze-graphite composite material, or iron-graphite composite material) to reduce the friction when the rotor assembly 2 comes into contact with the anti-lock protection component 6 and prevent lock-up.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4In one embodiment, the stator assembly 1 is further provided with a displacement sensor 4 and a control module 5. The control module 5 is electrically connected to the displacement sensor 4 and the electromagnetic coil 3, respectively. The displacement sensor 4 is used to detect the levitation displacement of the rotor assembly 2 and feed it back to the control module 5. The control module 5 controls the current of the electromagnetic coil 3 to adjust the electromagnetic levitation force. The displacement sensor 4 can accurately detect the levitation displacement of the rotor assembly 2 in real time and feed it back to the control module 5. The control module 5 then dynamically adjusts the current of the electromagnetic coil 3 according to the displacement signal, thereby actively and quickly stabilizing the electromagnetic levitation force and keeping the rotor assembly 2 always within the preset levitation gap. This operation not only significantly enhances the levitation accuracy and dynamic response capability of the magnetic bearing under various load disturbances, but also allows for early adjustment of the electromagnetic force when the rotor approaches its limit position, preventing frequent contact between the rotor and the anti-lock protection component 6. This creates a synergistic effect between active levitation control and passive anti-lock protection, reducing unnecessary mechanical friction and wear. When power is restored, the displacement sensor 4 can detect whether the rotor assembly 2 is in a separable, non-jammed state, providing a reliable criterion for the safe restart of the control system and the re-establishment of stable levitation. This further enhances the magnetic bearing's fault self-recovery capability and overall operational reliability.

[0025] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 As one implementation, the anti-lock braking system 6 also includes an elastic preload assembly 64 disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer 61 and the stator assembly 1, and an axial guide limiter 63 disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer 61 and the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62. This enables the anti-lock braking system 6 to maintain a moderate initial preload after assembly, eliminating interlayer gaps and loosening, and ensuring that the elastic damping buffer layer 61 can absorb impact energy instantly and uniformly when the rotor assembly 2 loses electromagnetic force support. At the same time, the axial guide limiter 63 can precisely radially limit the rotor assembly 2 during its descent, avoiding local collision stress concentration caused by eccentricity or tilt, further reducing the frictional resistance and local wear of the rotor assembly 2 during contact, and improving the reusability and consistency of the anti-lock braking system 6 after multiple abnormal impacts.

[0026] refer to Figure 10As a preferred embodiment, the elastic preload assembly 64 includes a mounting groove formed on the inner wall of the stator assembly 1. An elastic element is disposed in the mounting groove, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the mounting groove, and the other end of which abuts against the elastic damping buffer layer 61. At least two mounting grooves are provided and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the stator assembly 1. After the elastic element and the elastic damping buffer layer 61 are installed, the elastic element has a certain preload. The elastic preload assembly 64 effectively compensates for the material deformation caused by temperature changes or long-term operation by applying a uniform radial preload to the elastic damping buffer layer 61, ensuring that the suspension gap between the anti-lock protection assembly 6 and the rotor assembly 2 remains uniform and consistent, avoiding the risk of local wear or collision caused by uneven gap. At the same time, the multiple elastic elements evenly distributed in the circumferential direction can work together to absorb impact vibration, suppressing the displacement or plastic deformation of the elastic damping buffer layer 61 after multiple impacts, thereby significantly improving the response consistency, fatigue resistance and long-term reliability of the anti-lock protection assembly 6.

[0027] It should be noted that the elastic element is a spring, mainly made of high-strength spring steel (such as 65Mn or piano wire), which has good elastic recovery performance and fatigue strength, and can maintain a stable force output under long-term preload.

[0028] refer to Figure 8 - Figure 10 As a preferred method, the bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove that engages with the elastic element. One end of the elastic element is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove and axially positioned by interference fit. The other end is machined with a flat abutment part that contacts the outer wall of the elastic damping buffer layer 61. This mechanical connection method not only ensures the stable transmission of preload, but also facilitates the disassembly and maintenance of the component. When the elastic element fails due to fatigue, it can be replaced separately without the need to completely remove the anti-lock protection component 6.

[0029] refer to Figure 4 - Figure 6As one implementation method, the axial guide limiting component 63 includes guide posts disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer 61, and a guide limiting ring disposed at the end of the guide posts away from the elastic damping buffer layer 61. The guide posts are configured as at least two and evenly distributed on the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer 61, which can effectively limit the radial direction and guide the rotor assembly 2 that has lost electromagnetic force support. The radial limit can prevent the rotor assembly 2 from eccentric or non-uniform offset, and avoid local hard contact or wedge jamming with the stator assembly 1. The axial guide can guide the rotor assembly 2 to slide along the predetermined axial direction, suppressing its tilting, swaying or jumping. At the same time, the circumferentially evenly distributed structure makes the limiting force act symmetrically along the rotor circumference, further ensuring that the rotor always maintains a good centering posture when contacting the self-lubricating low friction liner 62, thereby significantly reducing the risk of secondary damage caused by rotor attitude loss of control, and improving the guiding accuracy, contact stability and overall reliability of the anti-lock protection component 6 under abnormal working conditions.

[0030] It should be noted that, since a guide limiting ring is provided at the end of the guide post away from the elastic damping buffer layer 61, the contact surface between the guide limiting ring and the rotor assembly 2 is an arc-shaped cross section, and the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 is directly attached to the entire surface of the guide limiting ring near the rotor assembly 2, which is also an arc-shaped cross section, further reducing the frictional resistance during contact and ensuring the stability of the rotor assembly 2 during the guiding process.

[0031] refer to Figure 6 - Figure 8 As an implementation method, the axial guide limiter 63 is made of stainless steel, ceramic, or engineering plastic. Stainless steel provides high mechanical strength and impact resistance, making it suitable for heavy-load or high-speed conditions, ensuring that the limiter is not easily deformed during repeated contact. Ceramic material has extremely high surface hardness, excellent high-temperature resistance and wear resistance, while having a low coefficient of friction, which can further reduce frictional resistance and temperature rise during rotor contact. Engineering plastic combines lightweight, good self-lubrication and shock absorption characteristics, which can effectively reduce rigid collision noise with rotor assembly 2 and achieve reliable guiding and limiting functions at low cost. The variety of material choices allows the axial guide limiter 63 to flexibly adapt to different working environments of magnetic bearings, ensuring radial limiting and axial guiding accuracy while extending the service life and operational stability of the overall anti-lock protection assembly 6.

[0032] refer to Figure 10As an implementation method, the elastic damping buffer layer 61 is made of silicone rubber, polyurethane, or metal rubber composite material. The elastic damping buffer layer 61 covers the entire circumference of the inner wall of the stator assembly 1, which can provide all-round, continuous and uniform impact absorption protection for the rotor assembly 2 when it loses electromagnetic force support. Silicone rubber and polyurethane have good elasticity, viscoelastic damping and fatigue resistance, which can effectively attenuate collision energy and reduce rebound impact. The metal rubber composite material has the high and low temperature resistance, radiation resistance and aging resistance of metal and the damping and vibration absorption capacity of rubber, which is suitable for extreme environmental conditions. The full circumferential coverage design avoids local buffer blind spots, ensuring that the rotor can be supported by the elastic material at the first time regardless of the circumferential angle of contact, thereby suppressing local stress concentration and unilateral wear, while maintaining the geometric continuity of the inner wall of the stator, significantly improving the energy absorption efficiency, response reliability and service life of the anti-lock protection component 6.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 As one implementation method, it also includes an emergency protection unit, which includes a contact pressure sensor and a backup power module. The contact pressure sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 and is electrically connected to the control module 5. The backup power module is electrically connected to the control module 5 and the electromagnetic coil 3. By setting the contact pressure sensor embedded in the inner wall of the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 and the backup power module, when the rotor assembly 2 abnormally contacts the anti-lock protection assembly 6, the contact pressure sensor can detect the magnitude and trend of the contact pressure in real time and feed it back to the control module 5, so that the system can accurately determine whether a substantial collision has occurred and the severity of the collision. Meanwhile, the backup power module can quickly provide emergency power to the control module 5 and the electromagnetic coil 3 when the main power fails, enabling the control module 5 to actively adjust the residual electromagnetic force or execute a controllable deceleration strategy based on the pressure feedback signal, thus preventing the rotor assembly 2 from being pressed against the anti-lock protection assembly 6 for a long time. This emergency protection unit combines contact sensing with emergency power supply, which not only improves the magnetic bearing's ability to actively respond to unexpected power outages or overload conditions, but also provides a reliable data and power foundation for fault diagnosis, graded alarms, and safe shutdown and restart after power outages, thereby significantly enhancing the intelligent protection level and system redundancy safety of the magnetic bearing throughout its entire life cycle.

[0034] This invention also discloses a magnetic bearing control method with an anti-lock protection structure, which, using the magnetic bearing with the anti-lock protection structure described above, includes the following steps: Step 1: System Initialization and Self-Test After the system is powered on, the control module 5 performs a self-test on the displacement sensor 4, the contact pressure sensor, the backup power module and the electromagnetic coil 3 to confirm that the communication of each component is normal; at the same time, it detects whether the rotor assembly 2 is in contact with the anti-lock protection component 6. If it is in contact, the control module 5 drives the electromagnetic coil 3 to generate a lifting force, so that the rotor assembly 2 returns to the preset suspension gap. Step 2: Normal Suspension Operation Control During normal operation, the displacement sensor 4 detects the suspension displacement of the rotor assembly 2 in real time and feeds it back to the control module 5. The control module 5 dynamically adjusts the current of the electromagnetic coil 3 according to the displacement deviation through PID or adaptive algorithm, so that the rotor assembly 2 is always kept stable in the preset suspension gap range. Step 3: Monitoring and Predicting Abnormal States Control module 5 continuously monitors the current, displacement signal and contact pressure sensor signal of electromagnetic coil 3; when an abnormal drop in current, excessive displacement or non-zero signal from contact pressure sensor is detected, it determines that rotor assembly 2 is about to lose or has partially lost electromagnetic force support. Step 4: Real-time monitoring of abnormal contact and triggering of emergency protection During the operation of the magnetic bearing, the emergency protection unit continuously monitors the rotor assembly 2 in real time through a contact pressure sensor embedded in the inner wall of the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62. When the rotor assembly 2 falls due to loss of levitation and comes into contact with the anti-lock protection component 6, the contact pressure sensor immediately detects the pressure signal generated by the contact and quickly feeds the signal back to the control module 5. After receiving the pressure signal, the control module 5 immediately determines that the rotor assembly 2 has made abnormal contact and triggers the backup power module to start, providing temporary power support to the control module 5 and the electromagnetic coil 3 so that the system can perform corresponding emergency handling measures in a short time, including attempting to restore the electromagnetic levitation force or initiating an emergency braking procedure, thereby minimizing the impact and loss caused by the failure. Step 5: Implementation of Low-Friction and Wear-Resistant Synergistic Protection At the instant the rotor assembly 2 contacts the anti-lock protection component 6, the TiN wear-resistant coating on the outer wall of the rotor assembly 2 and the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 work synergistically: the TiN coating provides high surface hardness and wear resistance, while the self-lubricating low-friction liner 62 significantly reduces the friction coefficient at the contact interface; the two work together to effectively prevent the rotor assembly 2 from sticking, jamming, or experiencing localized wear during sliding, significantly improving wear resistance and lubrication performance in contact, preventing the occurrence of lock-up, and extending the sliding buffer time and overall service life of the magnetic bearing under abnormal operating conditions; Step Six: Fault Diagnosis and Follow-up Handling Based on the pressure amplitude, duration, and trend of change fed back by the contact pressure sensor, the control module 5 comprehensively judges the fault level: if the pressure value is lower than the recovery threshold and the suspension can be rebuilt with the support of backup power, it attempts to actively lift the rotor assembly 2 back to the preset suspension gap; if the pressure exceeds the limit or the duration is too long, it is judged as a serious fault, and an emergency braking is performed and an alarm signal is issued, waiting for manual or automatic system maintenance.

[0035] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure, characterized in that, The device includes a housing (7), a stator assembly (1) embedded inside the housing (7), a rotor assembly (2) disposed within the stator assembly (1), and an anti-lock protection assembly (6) disposed between the stator assembly (1) and the rotor assembly (2). An electromagnetic coil (3) is wound on the inner wall of the stator assembly (1). The anti-lock protection assembly (6) maintains a preset suspension gap with the rotor assembly (2). The anti-lock protection assembly (6) includes an elastic damping buffer layer (61) disposed on the inner wall of the stator assembly (1) and a self-lubricating low-friction liner (62) disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer (61). The elastic damping buffer layer (61) is used to absorb the impact force when the rotor assembly (2) loses electromagnetic force support, and the self-lubricating low-friction liner (62) is used to reduce the contact friction force when the rotor assembly (2) loses electromagnetic force support.

2. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator assembly (1) is also provided with a displacement sensor (4) and a control module (5). The control module (5) is electrically connected to the displacement sensor (4) and the electromagnetic coil (3) respectively. The displacement sensor (4) is used to detect the suspension displacement of the rotor assembly (2) and feed it back to the control module (5). The control module (5) controls the current of the electromagnetic coil (3) to adjust the electromagnetic levitation force.

3. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-lock braking protection assembly (6) further includes an elastic preload assembly (64) disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer (61) and the stator assembly (1), and an axial guide limiter (63) disposed between the elastic damping buffer layer (61) and the self-lubricating low-friction liner (62).

4. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic preload assembly (64) includes a mounting groove formed on the inner wall of the stator assembly (1) and an elastic element disposed in the mounting groove, one end of which is connected to the mounting groove and the other end of which abuts against the elastic damping buffer layer (61). The mounting groove is configured as at least two and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the stator assembly (1). After the elastic element and the elastic damping buffer layer (61) are installed, the elastic element is provided with a preload force.

5. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting groove is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove that engages with the elastic element.

6. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The axial guide limiting member (63) includes a guide post disposed on the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer (61) and a guide limiting ring disposed at the end of the guide post away from the elastic damping buffer layer (61). The guide post is configured as at least two and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall of the elastic damping buffer layer (61).

7. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The axial guide limiter (63) is made of stainless steel, ceramic or engineering plastic.

8. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic damping buffer layer (61) is made of silicone rubber, polyurethane or metal rubber composite material, and the elastic damping buffer layer (61) covers the entire circumferential surface of the inner wall of the stator assembly (1).

9. The magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an emergency protection unit, which includes a contact pressure sensor and a backup power module. The contact pressure sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the self-lubricating low-friction liner (62) and is electrically connected to the control module (5). The backup power module is electrically connected to the control module (5) and the electromagnetic coil (3).

10. A method for controlling a magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure, using the magnetic bearing with an anti-lock protection structure as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of pressure values ​​using contact pressure sensors; When the rotor assembly (2) loses its levitation force and falls into contact with the anti-lock protection assembly (6), the contact pressure sensor will detect the pressure signal generated by the contact between the two in real time and feed the pressure signal back to the control module (5). After receiving the pressure signal, the control module (5) immediately determines that the rotor assembly (2) has made abnormal contact, and then triggers the backup power module to start, providing temporary power support for the control module (5) and the electromagnetic coil (3).

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