A purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticle, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention discloses a purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of biomedical technology. The method includes the following steps: at room temperature, sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution, and purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution are dissolved in an organic solvent. The resulting mixture is ultrasonically dispersed in an ice bath, then hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, and ultrasonication continues. Finally, ammonia water is added and ultrasonicated again. The precipitate is collected by centrifugation to obtain the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme. The purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme provided by this invention can significantly kill and eliminate tumor cells; simultaneously, the degradation products can further promote tumor cell death synergistically by inducing mitochondrial damage and forming calcification points, achieving the effect of treating tumor diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biomedical technology, and in particular relates to a purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells include superoxide radicals (·O2). - Oxidative stress, including hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and other free radicals, can disrupt the redox balance of cells, leading to oxidative stress, damage to the structure and function of proteins and genetic material, and ultimately cell oxidative damage and death. This is a popular cancer treatment strategy. Nanocatalysis utilizes non-toxic or low-toxic nanomaterials as catalysts. It triggers in-situ catalytic reactions in response to the specific internal microenvironment of the tumor site or external stimuli, converting substrates in the tumor microenvironment into effective therapeutic drugs, achieving oxidative damage and death of tumor cells without significantly affecting normal tissues. Currently, using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is highly expressed in the tumor microenvironment, as a catalytic substrate, and utilizing reducing low-valence metal ions to generate cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) through Fenton or Fenton-like reactions is a representative approach in catalytic therapy. However, this type of catalytic reaction has relatively strict requirements on the concentration of reducing ions, and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) provided by the tumor microenvironment (50-100 μM) is insufficient to generate enough hydroxyl radicals (·OH) to kill cells. Secondly, the hypoxic environment at the tumor site also restricts the catalytic generation of toxic superoxide radicals (·O2) by nanomaterials. - Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field to provide a nanozyme formulation that can regulate the tumor microenvironment and exert maximum catalytic efficiency in order to achieve significant killing and elimination of tumor cells. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, its preparation method, and its application. This method can increase the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxygen molecules (O2) in the tumor microenvironment, providing abundant catalytic substrates for nanocatalytic materials.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme is provided, wherein purple phosphorus quantum dot material is loaded onto calcium peroxide, and the calcium peroxide provides a catalytic substrate for the purple phosphorus quantum dot material after reacting with water.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, comprising the following steps: at room temperature, sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution and purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution are dissolved in an organic solvent, the resulting mixture is ultrasonically dispersed in an ice bath, then hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, ultrasonication is continued, finally ammonia water is added and ultrasonicated, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, and the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme is obtained.

[0007] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution, purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution, hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, and ammonia is 160:35:30:215:84:240. The role of sodium hyaluronate and polyacrylic acid is to encapsulate the purple phosphorus quantum dots and calcium peroxide, preventing the calcium peroxide from reacting with water. Hyaluronic acid also has a targeting effect on tumor cells. When the drug reaches the tumor site, the acidic environment causes the calcium peroxide and purple phosphorus quantum dots to be released from the sodium hyaluronate and polyacrylic acid network. Calcium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, and ammonia are the reaction substrates for the formation of calcium peroxide.

[0008] Further, the concentration of the sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution is 25 mg / mL; the average molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid is 3000, and the solid content is 30%; the concentration of the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 2M; the concentration of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution is 20 mg / mL; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is 3%; and the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 2.5-2.8%.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation method of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material includes the following steps: dispersing purple phosphorus powder in an organic solvent, performing cyclic ultrasonic treatment under ice bath conditions, performing ultrasonic treatment in a water bath, centrifuging, and collecting the supernatant; subjecting the supernatant to a solvothermal reaction, centrifuging, and distilling and concentrating the collected supernatant, and dialysis to remove the organic solvent, thereby obtaining the purple phosphorus quantum dot material.

[0010] Furthermore, the ratio of the purple phosphorus powder to the organic solvent is 1 mg: 2 mL; the organic solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone.

[0011] Furthermore, the parameters for the cyclic ultrasonic treatment are: power 400-600W, preferably 500W, with an on / off cycle of 2s / 3s, and ultrasonic treatment for 10-12h, preferably 12h; the parameters for the water bath ultrasonic treatment are: power 600W, ultrasonic treatment for 15-24h, preferably 8h; the parameters for the solvothermal treatment are: temperature 150℃, holding time 18h; the average particle size of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material is 2.0-3.0nm, and the average thickness is 1.79-2.90nm.

[0012] Furthermore, the organic solvent is anhydrous methanol.

[0013] The present invention also provides the application of the aforementioned purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme in the preparation of tumor treatment drugs.

[0014] The purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme provided by this invention can release calcium peroxide and purple phosphorus quantum dots under the acidic environment of tumors. Calcium peroxide reacts upon contact with water, continuously generating H₂O₂ and O₂, providing abundant catalytic substrates for the purple phosphorus quantum dot material. Furthermore, the purple phosphorus quantum dots exhibit Fenton-like activity, catalyzing the generation of a large number of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) from hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in the tumor microenvironment to kill tumor cells; they also possess oxidase activity, catalyzing the generation of a large number of superoxide radicals (·O₂) from oxygen molecules (O₂). - Kills tumor cells; the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme with multiple enzymatic activities can form a nanoplatform that self-cascades and regulates the tumor microenvironment, generating large amounts of ·OH and ·O2. - This can achieve the therapeutic effect of promoting oxidative damage and apoptosis in tumor cells.

[0015] The large amount of calcium ions (Ca) generated by the hydrolysis of calcium peroxide in the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme provided by this invention 2+ This process induces intracellular calcium overload-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis; simultaneously, purple phosphorus quantum dots degrade under the influence of O2 to produce PO4. 3- It combines with calcium ions to form calcification points, ultimately leading to tumor cell necrosis, and works synergistically to achieve excellent tumor treatment results.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0017] This invention provides a purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, which has a simple preparation method and controllable size; it has the advantages of good biocompatibility and biodegradability, and at the same time has good tumor microenvironment regulation ability and catalytic activity. Experiments have shown that the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme provided by this invention can significantly kill and eliminate tumor cells; at the same time, the degradation products can further promote tumor cell death by inducing mitochondrial damage and forming calcification points, thereby achieving the effect of treating tumor diseases. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1The diagram shows the structure and properties of purple phosphorus quantum dots in Example 1; where A is a scanning electron microscope image and particle size distribution statistics of purple phosphorus quantum dots, B is a high-resolution transmission electron microscope image and crystal morphology of purple phosphorus quantum dots, and C is an atomic force microscope image and thickness statistics of purple phosphorus quantum dots.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 3 The elemental distribution mapping spectrum of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1;

[0022] Figure 4 The X-ray photoelectron spectrum of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a statistical chart showing the enzyme activity of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1; where A represents oxygen production activity, B represents hydrogen peroxide production activity, and C represents reactive oxygen species (O2) production activity. - and ·OH enzyme activity;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a statistical chart showing the tumor cell toxicity test results of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0028] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0029] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" in this invention refers to 25±2℃.

[0031] All raw materials used in the following embodiments of the present invention are commercially available.

[0032] This invention provides a method for preparing purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide nanozymes, the specific process of which includes the following steps:

[0033] Step S1: Preparation of purple phosphorus quantum dots: Purple phosphorus powder was dispersed in an organic solvent and subjected to cyclic ultrasonic treatment under ice bath conditions, followed by ultrasonic treatment in a water bath and centrifugation (5000 rpm for 10 min). The supernatant was collected. The supernatant was placed in a reaction vessel and subjected to solvothermal reaction in a muffle furnace and centrifugation (20000 rpm for 20 min). The supernatant was collected, concentrated by distillation, and dialyzed to remove the organic solvent, thus obtaining purple phosphorus quantum dot materials. The average particle size of the obtained purple phosphorus quantum dots was 2.0-3.0 nm, and the average thickness was 1.79-2.90 nm.

[0034] Step S2: Preparation of purple phosphorus quantum-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme: Sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution (HA, concentration 25 mg / mL), polyacrylic acid (PAA, solid content 30%, molecular weight MW~3000), calcium chloride aqueous solution (CaCl2, concentration 2M), and purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution (VPQDs, concentration 20 mg / mL) were dissolved in anhydrous methanol at room temperature. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed evenly in an ice bath. Then, 3% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise to the mixture. After ultrasonication for 10 min, 2.5-2.8% ammonia water (NH3·H2O) was quickly added to the reaction system. After ultrasonication for 5 min, the mixture was centrifuged (7000 rpm for 10 min) and the precipitate was collected.

[0035] In step S1 of the following preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass-to-volume ratio of the purple phosphorus powder to the organic solvent is 1 mg: 2 mL; the organic solvent is N-methylpyrrolidone. The cyclic ultrasonic treatment is performed at 500 W power with an on / off cycle of 2 s / 3 s for 12 h; the water bath ultrasonic treatment is performed at 600 W power for 8 h; the solvothermal reaction is performed at 150 °C for 18 h.

[0036] In step S2 of the following preferred embodiment of the present invention, the power of ultrasonic dispersion in the ice bath is 600W. The volume ratio of the sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution, purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution, hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, ammonia water and anhydrous methanol is 160:35:30:215:84:240:6000.

[0037] The following embodiments are further illustrations of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A method for preparing a purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. Weigh 40 mg of purple phosphorus powder and disperse it in 80 mL of N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP). Under ice bath and 500 W power conditions, perform ultrasonic treatment of the probe for 12 h with an on / off cycle of 2 s / 3 s. Then, perform ultrasonic treatment in a water bath at 600 W power for 8 h. Then, centrifuge at 5000 rpm for 10 min at low temperature (4℃) to remove the unpeeled purple phosphorus blocks and collect the supernatant. Place the supernatant in a stainless steel reactor lined with polytetrafluoroethylene and perform a solvothermal reaction in a muffle furnace. Set the temperature to 150℃ and the reaction time to 18 h. Then, centrifuge at 20000 rpm for 20 min at low temperature (4℃) to remove the unreacted purple phosphorus nanosheets. Collect the supernatant, distill and concentrate it, and dialyze it with deionized water to obtain an aqueous solution of purple phosphorus quantum dot material.

[0041] S2. At room temperature, 140 μL of 25 mg / mL sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, 35 μL of polyacrylic acid (molecular weight MW ~ 3000), 30 μL of 2M calcium chloride aqueous solution, and 210 μL of 20 mg / mL purple phosphorus quantum dot aqueous solution were sequentially added to 6 mL of anhydrous methanol. The mixture was ultrasonically dispersed evenly in an ice-water bath with a power of 600 W. Then, 84 μL of 3% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution was slowly added dropwise to the mixture. After ultrasonication for 10 min, 160 μL of 2.5-2.8% (commercially available, purchased from the market) ammonia solution was quickly added to the reaction system. After ultrasonication for 5 min, the mixture was centrifuged at 7000 rpm for 10 min using a low-temperature (4℃) ultracentrifuge. The precipitate was collected and washed three times with methanol to obtain the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme.

[0042] Experimental Example 1

[0043] 1. Determination of the structural properties of purple phosphorus quantum dots

[0044] The purple phosphorus quantum dots prepared in Example 1 were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results are shown in [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 .Depend on Figure 1 As can be seen from A in the figure, the average particle size of purple phosphorus quantum dots is 2.0-3.0 nm; from Figure 1 As shown in B, the clear diffraction fringes of the purple phosphorus quantum dot lattice indicate that the purple phosphorus quantum dots are crystalline; from Figure 1 As indicated by C, the thickness of the purple phosphorus quantum dots is between 1.79 and 2.90 nm. These results demonstrate the successful preparation of purple phosphorus quantum dots.

[0045] 2. Determination of the physicochemical properties of purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoenzymes

[0046] The purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 was analyzed by electron microscopy. The results are shown in [link to sample]. Figure 2 .Depend on Figure 2 It is known that the particle size of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme is approximately 20 nm.

[0047] Elemental distribution analysis was performed on the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1, and mapping spectra were generated. The results are as follows: Figure 3 As shown. From Figure 3 As can be seen from the above, the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 contains P, Ca, O, and C elements, indicating that the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme of the present invention was successfully prepared.

[0048] X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was performed on the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1, and the results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown. From Figure 4As can be seen from the above, the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 contains P, Ca, O, and C elements, indicating that the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme of the present invention was successfully prepared.

[0049] Experimental Example 2 (Determination of Catalytic Performance of Purple Phosphorus-Calcium Peroxide Composite Nanozymes)

[0050] The oxygen-generating capacity of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 was tested. The test method was as follows: the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme was dispersed in phosphate buffer to a final concentration of 100 μg / mL (calculated as calcium element). The change in oxygen concentration in the solution was detected by a dissolved oxygen analyzer. The results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown in A in the diagram.

[0051] The hydrogen peroxide production capacity of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 was tested. The test method was as follows: the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme was dispersed in phosphate buffer solutions with pH=7.4 and pH=6.5, respectively, to a final concentration of 100 μg / mL (calculated as calcium element). After adding a hydrogen peroxide probe, the ultraviolet absorption of the sample was measured using a UV-Vis spectrometer. The results are as follows. Figure 5 As shown in B in the diagram.

[0052] The reactive oxygen species (O2) generated by the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 - The activity of ·OH enzyme was tested using the following method: Purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme was dispersed in phosphate buffer solutions of different pH values ​​(pH = 7.4, 6.5) to a final concentration of 100 μg / mL (calculated as calcium element). Then, 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran indicator was added, and after reacting for 12 min, the UV absorption at different time points was measured using a UV-Vis spectrometer. The results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown in C.

[0053] Depend on Figure 5 It can be seen that the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme prepared in Example 1 of this invention has the ability to generate oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and can provide abundant substrates for the catalytic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by purple phosphorus quantum dots. The enzyme activity of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme is stronger in a solution environment of pH=6.5 than in a solution environment of pH=7.4, indicating that the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme has the ability to kill tumor cells while causing less damage to normal somatic cells.

[0054] Experimental Example 3 (Assay on the activity of purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme against tumor cells)

[0055] The enzyme-catalyzed toxicity of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozyme (VPCaNPs) prepared in Example 1 against mouse breast cancer cells 4T1 was tested. The method was as follows: 4T1 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were seeded at a density of 5000 cells / well in 96-well plates and incubated for 24 hours. After washing once with PBS, the cells were incubated for 24 hours with gradient concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 μg / mL, based on elemental calcium) of VPCaNPs and purple phosphorus quantum dots (VPQDs). After washing with PBS, the cells were incubated for 2 hours using a CellCounting Kit-8 (CCK-8), and the absorbance was measured at 450 nm. Standard cell viability assays were performed to determine relative cell viability. The results are shown below. Figure 6 .

[0056] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that single purple phosphorus quantum dots exhibit certain toxicity to tumor cells and show concentration dependence, while the toxicity of purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanozymes to tumor cells is greatly enhanced, achieving a significant tumor killing effect.

[0057] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticle, characterized in that, Purple phosphorus quantum dot materials loaded on calcium peroxide; The preparation method of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles includes the following steps: at room temperature, sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution and purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution are dissolved in anhydrous methanol, the resulting mixture is ultrasonically dispersed in an ice bath, then hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is added dropwise, ultrasonication is continued, finally ammonia water is added and ultrasonicated, the precipitate is collected by centrifugation, and the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles are obtained. The volume ratio of the sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution, purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution, hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution and ammonia water is 160:35:30:215:84:

240. The preparation method of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material includes the following steps: dispersing purple phosphorus powder in N-methylpyrrolidone, performing cyclic ultrasonic treatment under ice bath conditions, water bath ultrasonic treatment, centrifugation, and collecting the supernatant; subjecting the supernatant to a solvothermal reaction, centrifugation, and distilling and concentrating the collected supernatant, and dialysis to remove N-methylpyrrolidone to obtain the purple phosphorus quantum dot material; the ratio of purple phosphorus powder to N-methylpyrrolidone is 1 mg: 2 mL.

2. A method for preparing purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: At room temperature, sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution, polyacrylic acid, calcium chloride aqueous solution and purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution were dissolved in anhydrous methanol. The resulting mixture was ultrasonically dispersed in an ice bath, and then hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution was added dropwise. Ultrasonication continued, and finally ammonia water was added and ultrasonicated. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation to obtain purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles.

3. The method for preparing purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The concentration of the sodium hyaluronate aqueous solution is 25 mg / mL; the average molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid is 3000 and the solid content is 30%; the concentration of the calcium chloride aqueous solution is 2M; the concentration of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material aqueous solution is 20 mg / mL; the mass fraction of the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is 3%; and the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 2.5-2.8%.

4. The method for preparing purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preparation method of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material includes the following steps: dispersing purple phosphorus powder in N-methylpyrrolidone, performing cyclic ultrasonic treatment under ice bath conditions, water bath ultrasonic treatment, centrifugation, and collecting the supernatant; subjecting the supernatant to a solvothermal reaction, centrifugation, and distilling and concentrating the collected supernatant, and dialysis to remove N-methylpyrrolidone to obtain the purple phosphorus quantum dot material; the ratio of purple phosphorus powder to N-methylpyrrolidone is 1 mg: 2 mL.

5. The method for preparing purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameters for the cyclic ultrasonic treatment are: power 400-600W, on / off cycle, 2s / 3s cycle, ultrasonic treatment for 10-12h; the parameters for the water bath ultrasonic treatment are: power 600W, ultrasonic treatment for 8h; the parameters for the solvothermal treatment are: temperature 150℃, holding time 15-24h; the average particle size of the purple phosphorus quantum dot material is 2.0-3.0nm, and the average thickness is 1.79-2.90nm.

6. The use of the purple phosphorus-calcium peroxide composite nanoparticles as described in claim 1 in the preparation of a tumor treatment drug.

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