A device and method for transferring vertical elevation of a dam

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of engineering safety monitoring, and specifically provides a dam vertical elevation transmission device and method, which comprises a supporting part, a distance measuring part, a control box and a composite ruler pad part, the lower surface of the supporting part is connected with a dam top, the upper end of the supporting part is connected with the distance measuring part, the side surface of the supporting part is connected with the control box, the control box is electrically connected with the distance measuring part, and the composite ruler pad part is connected with a dam bottom gallery. The dam vertical elevation transmission device and method solve the problem that the existing leveling measurement is difficult to observe along the stairs from the dam top to the dam bottom, can improve the dam bottom gallery settlement observation efficiency and precision, realize automatic data collection of distance measurement, and can timely grasp the settlement condition in the dam gallery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering safety monitoring technology, specifically relating to a device and method for transmitting the vertical elevation of a dam. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of water conservancy and hydropower construction in my country, a large number of river-blocking dam projects have emerged, such as the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze River, the Xiaolangdi Dam on the Yellow River, the Ertan Dam on the Yalong River, and the Baihetan Dam on the Jinsha River. Reservoir dams are susceptible to geological disasters, geological structures, reservoir water level changes, reservoir overflows, and structural damage, all of which can lead to dam failure and deformation, causing safety issues. Therefore, deformation monitoring of reservoir dams is crucial. Dam deformation monitoring involves not only monitoring the deformation at the dam crest but also at the dam base. Settlement observation points are typically set up within the dam base gallery to monitor internal settlement within the dam body.

[0003] Settlement monitoring of the gallery at the dam base typically employs precise leveling. The measurement begins at a benchmark near the dam crest, proceeds through the gallery entrance, and involves establishing leveling rods along the stairs, observing each station individually before moving to the gallery at the dam base. However, the stairwell is cramped and poorly lit, making leveling station setup and observation difficult and inefficient. Furthermore, the large number of stations leads to significant accumulated errors, affecting the accuracy of gallery settlement monitoring. If a steel tape is suspended from the dam crest as a substitute for leveling, the tape swings under gravity, making readings difficult, and the tape is prone to deformation under the weight, resulting in large measurement errors.

[0004] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN111879281A discloses a long-range precision distance measuring device for corners, comprising a base, a vertical through-hole shaft on the base, a spherical prism mounting base on the through-hole shaft, a bracket on the base, a U-shaped support arm on the bracket, and a plane mirror on the U-shaped support arm. The method for measuring the side length of a valley in this document is: measuring the straight-line distance c, and using the formula c... 2 =a 2 +b 2 The distance *b* from the total station to the center of the plane mirror is calculated, and the valley width side length *S* = *Hb*. The method used in this literature to measure the elevation of the horizontal corridor is as follows: measure the distance *b* from the total station to the center of the plane mirror, and measure the total distance *e* from the total station to the spherical prism of the horizontal corridor; the elevation of the horizontal corridor *h* = *g* - *e* + *b* + *f*. This literature utilizes a single total station to accurately measure the side lengths of multiple valley widths on both sides of the valley near the dam, achieving automated and intelligent measurement. However, this literature does not address the difficulty of observing levels along the stairs from the dam crest to the dam base. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a device and method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam, the purpose of which is to overcome the problem of difficulty in observing the leveling measurement from the top of the dam to the bottom of the dam along the stairs in the prior art.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides a device for transmitting the vertical elevation of a dam, comprising a support component, a ranging component, a central control box, and a composite ruler pad component. The lower part of the support component is connected to the top of the dam, the upper end of the support component is connected to the ranging component, the side of the support component is connected to the central control box, the central control box is electrically connected to the ranging component, and the composite ruler pad component is connected to the gallery at the bottom of the dam.

[0007] Preferably, the supporting component includes a T-shaped rod, an observation pier base, and an observation pier. The upper part of the observation pier is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod through the observation pier base. One end of the horizontal rod of the T-shaped rod is connected to the ranging component, and the side of the observation pier is connected to the central control box.

[0008] Preferably, a screw hole is provided on one end of the crossbar of the T-shaped rod.

[0009] Preferably, the ranging component includes a rangefinder, a level barcode sticker, a circular level bubble, a rangefinder serial port, and a rangefinder lens. The circular level bubble and the rangefinder serial port are connected to the top left and right sides of the rangefinder, the level barcode sticker is connected to the side of the rangefinder, and the rangefinder lens is connected to the bottom of the rangefinder.

[0010] Preferably, the rangefinder has a connecting ear hole on its side, and the ear hole and the screw hole are connected by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the control box includes a box body, a data acquisition and communication module, an antenna, a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, a bottom serial port, a serial port for the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, a power plug, a first connecting cable, and a second connecting cable. The data acquisition and communication module and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor are connected sequentially from top to bottom inside the box body. A top serial port is provided on the top of the box body. The lower end of the antenna is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module. One end of the first connecting cable passes through the top serial port and is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module. The other end of the first connecting cable passes through the serial port of the rangefinder and is electrically connected to the rangefinder. The data acquisition and communication module is electrically connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor via the second connecting cable. A ventilation window is provided on the box body at the horizontal position of the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor. A side wall opening is provided on the box body at the horizontal position of the data acquisition and communication module. One end of the power plug is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module, and the other end of the power plug extends out of the side wall opening.

[0012] Preferably, the synthetic ruler pad component includes a ruler stake, a small circular prism, a prism rod, a synthetic ruler pad, and a ruler pad base. The ruler stake is connected to the synthetic ruler pad via the ruler pad base, and the small circular prism is connected to the side of the ruler stake via the prism rod. The laser beam emitted by the rangefinder falls on the small circular prism.

[0013] Preferably, a screw hole is horizontally formed in the middle of the ruler post, and one end of the prism rod is connected to the screw hole.

[0014] Preferably, the synthetic ruler pad is provided with a handle.

[0015] A method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam includes the following steps:

[0016] S1. First, adjust the observation pier base to center the circular bubble in the circular level bubble on the T-shaped rod; then, rotate the T-shaped rod to position the rangefinder vertically above the center of the wellhead, start the rangefinder, and turn on the ranging laser beam; finally, move the synthetic ruler pad component in the gallery at the bottom of the dam, and stop when the laser beam spot falls on the center of the small circular prism, then adjust the ruler pad base to make the surface of the small circular prism horizontal.

[0017] S2, Distance value D measured on-site by the rangefinder 测 Meteorological data was collected from the dam crest and base gallery. The measured distance values ​​were then corrected based on the meteorological data. The rangefinder calibration report was reviewed to verify the measured distance value D. 测 Perform additive and multiplicative constant corrections, and calculate the corrected distance value D;

[0018] S3. Measure the elevation difference h between point A at the wellhead and the zero point C of the leveling barcode. AC ;

[0019] S4. Measure the elevation difference h between the top point D of the measuring rod stake and the undetermined point B in the gallery at the bottom of the dam. DB ;

[0020] S5. Review the settlement observation data of the dam gallery to determine the elevation H of the known point A. A ;

[0021] S6. Measure the height difference h between the zero point C and the laser emission point O of the distance measuring instrument by affixing a leveling barcode. CO ;

[0022] S7. Measure the height difference h from the top of the measuring rod D to the center O' of the small circular prism. DO’ ;

[0023] S8. According to D, h AC h DB H A h CO and h DO’ Determine the elevation of point B to be determined, and assess the settlement within the dam gallery based on the elevation of point B.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0025] 1. The device and method for vertical elevation transfer of a dam provided by this invention includes a support component, a ranging component, a central control box, and a composite ruler pad component. The lower part of the support component is connected to the dam crest, the upper end of the support component is connected to the ranging component, the side of the support component is connected to the central control box, the central control box is electrically connected to the ranging component, and the composite ruler pad component is connected to the dam bottom gallery. In use, the ranging component is vertically positioned above the center of the shaft opening, the ranging component is activated, the ranging laser beam is turned on, and the composite ruler pad component is moved in the dam bottom gallery so that the spot of the ranging laser beam falls on the composite ruler pad component for measurement. Utilizing the photoelectric ranging principle, precise distance measurement is performed along the center of the shaft to vertically transfer the elevation, overcoming the difficulty of observing the dam from the crest to the bottom along the stairs in leveling surveys, and improving the operational efficiency and accuracy of settlement observation in the dam bottom gallery.

[0026] 2. The device and method for transmitting the vertical elevation of a dam provided by this invention involves building an observation pier next to the shaft. The upper part of the observation pier is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod of a T-shaped rod through the observation pier base. One end of the horizontal rod of the T-shaped rod is connected to the ranging component. The side of the observation pier is connected to the central control box. The ranging component can be vertically and securely fixed and installed, and is easy to disassemble.

[0027] 3. The device and method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam provided by this invention can level and rotate the T-shaped rod through the observation pier base, making it convenient to move the rangefinder to above the center of the shaft, so as to realize distance measurement along the center of the shaft and reduce the influence of refraction on the distance measurement by the side of the shaft wall.

[0028] 4. The device and method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam provided by this invention emits a red laser beam pointing to the bottom of the dam, which facilitates the movement of the synthetic ruler pad component and quickly achieves the alignment of the rangefinder lens with the small circular prism. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the observation of the vertical elevation transfer of the dam;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the supporting components;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the distance measuring component;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the synthetic ruler pad component;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the central control box.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. T-shaped rod; 2. Screw hole; 3. Observation pier base; 4. Observation pier; 5. Central control box; 6. Rangefinder; 7. Leveling barcode sticker; 8. Circular level bubble; 9. Rangefinder serial port; 10. Rangefinder lens; 11. Rangefinder ear hole; 12. Scale stake; 13. Small circular prism; 14. Scale stake screw hole; 15. Prism rod; 16. Composite scale pad; 17. Handle; 18. Scale pad base; 19. Data acquisition and communication module; 20. Antenna; 21. Temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor; 22. Top serial port; 23. Ventilation window; 24. Bottom serial port; 25. Temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor serial port; 26. Power plug; 27. Side wall opening; 28. Box body; 29. ​​Connecting cable one; 30. Connecting cable two; 31. Control module;

[0036] 301. Upper pier plate; 302. Lower pier plate; 303. Adjusting bolt (1); 304. Slot (1);

[0037] 181. Upper pad; 182. Lower pad; 183. Adjusting bolt two; 184. Slot two. Detailed Implementation

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for transmitting the vertical elevation of a dam includes a support component, a ranging component, a central control box 5, and a composite ruler pad component. The lower part of the support component is connected to the top of the dam, the upper end of the support component is connected to the ranging component, the side of the support component is connected to the central control box 5, the central control box 5 is electrically connected to the ranging component, and the composite ruler pad component is connected to the gallery at the bottom of the dam.

[0040] In use, the ranging component is positioned vertically above the center of the shaft opening. The ranging component is then activated, and the ranging laser beam is turned on. The synthetic ruler pad component is moved along the gallery at the bottom of the dam so that the spot of the ranging laser beam falls on the synthetic ruler pad component for measurement. Utilizing the photoelectric ranging principle, precise distance measurement is performed along the center of the vertical shaft, and the elevation is vertically transferred. This overcomes the difficulty of observing the leveling measurement from the top of the dam to the bottom along the stairs, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of settlement observation in the gallery at the bottom of the dam.

[0041] Preferably, the device for transmitting the vertical elevation of the dam further includes a control module 31, which is electrically connected to the ranging component and the central control box 5. Specifically, the control module 31 is an existing module that controls the opening and closing of the ranging component and the central control box 5, and acquires measurement data, meteorological data, etc., enabling remote control and a high degree of intelligence. The control module 31 can be installed in a mobile phone or other device for easy operation.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Based on Example 1, such as Figure 2As shown, the supporting components include a T-shaped rod 1, an observation pier base 3, and an observation pier 4. The upper part of the observation pier 4 is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 1 through the observation pier base 3. One end of the horizontal rod of the T-shaped rod 1 is connected to the ranging component, and the side of the observation pier 4 is connected to the central control box 5.

[0044] Specifically, by building an observation pier 4 next to the shaft, the lower end of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 1 is connected to the top of the observation pier 4 through the observation pier base 3, one end of the horizontal rod of the T-shaped rod 1 is connected to the ranging component, and the control box 5 is connected to the side of the observation pier 4. The ranging component can be vertically fixed and installed simply and firmly, and is easy to disassemble.

[0045] By observing the base 3, the T-shaped rod 1 can be leveled and rotated, making it convenient to move the rangefinder 6 to above the center of the shaft, so as to realize distance measurement along the center of the shaft and reduce the influence of refraction on the distance measurement from the side of the shaft wall.

[0046] Preferably, the observation pier base 3 includes an upper pier plate 301, a lower pier plate 302 and multiple adjusting bolts 303. Multiple adjusting bolts 303 are connected between the upper pier plate 301 and the lower pier plate 302. A slot 304 is provided on the upper part of the middle of the upper pier plate 301, and the lower end of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 1 is connected to the slot 304.

[0047] Specifically, the height between the upper pier plate 301 and the lower pier plate 302 is adjusted by controlling the adjusting bolts 303, thereby adjusting the balance of the T-shaped rod 1. Preferably, there are three adjusting bolts 303, which are simple in structure, easy to operate, and highly stable. The slot 304 facilitates the engagement of the T-shaped rod 1. The slot 304 and the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 1 are connected by bolts, that is, bolt holes are horizontally opened on both the slot 304 and the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod 1, which facilitates installation and disassembly, and the structure is stable after connection. The slot 304 is cylindrical in shape, with a simple structure and good stability. The lower pier plate 302 and the observation pier 4 are detachably connected, preferably by bolts.

[0048] Preferably, a screw hole 2 is provided on one end of the crossbar of the T-shaped rod 1.

[0049] The screw holes 2 facilitate the connection of the rangefinder 6. Specifically, there are multiple screw holes 2, which are distributed laterally at intervals to facilitate connection and distance adjustment, resulting in a simple structure. In actual use, the number and distribution of the screw holes 2 can be set according to actual needs.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 3As shown, the ranging component includes a rangefinder 6, a level barcode sticker 7, a circular level bubble 8, a rangefinder serial port 9, and a rangefinder lens 10. The circular level bubble 8 and the rangefinder serial port 9 are connected to the top left and right sides of the rangefinder 6, the level barcode sticker 7 is connected to the side of the rangefinder 6, and the rangefinder lens 10 is connected to the bottom of the rangefinder 6.

[0052] Specifically, the rangefinder lens 10 is mounted at the bottom of the rangefinder 6. The rangefinder 6 has a built-in rangefinding module. The rangefinder serial port 9 is located on the top right side of the rangefinder 6. The circular level bubble 8 is mounted on the top left side of the rangefinder. The zero point of the level barcode sticker 7 is located at point C on the bottom of the rangefinder. The laser emission center O of the rangefinder is located in the middle of the rangefinder 6. The rangefinder 6 has both pulse coarse ranging and phase fine ranging functions and can be self-made. The rangefinder 6 emits a red laser beam pointing towards the bottom of the dam, facilitating the movement of the composite ruler pad component and quickly achieving alignment between the rangefinder lens 10 and the small circular prism 13. The level barcode sticker 7 is attached to the rangefinder 6, enabling the rangefinder 6 to function as both a rangefinder and a leveling rod.

[0053] Preferably, the rangefinder 6 has a rangefinder ear hole 11 on its side, and the rangefinder ear hole 11 and the screw hole 2 are connected by bolts.

[0054] The rangefinder ear holes 11 are located on both sides of the rangefinder 6, and the rangefinder 6 can be easily connected to the crossbar of the T-shaped rod 1 through the rangefinder ear holes 11.

[0055] Example 4:

[0056] Based on Example 3, such as Figure 5 As shown, the central control box 5 includes a box body 28, a data acquisition and communication module 19, an antenna 20, a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21, a bottom serial port 24, a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor serial port 25, a power plug 26, a first connecting cable 29, and a second connecting cable 30. The data acquisition and communication module 19 and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21 are connected sequentially from top to bottom inside the box body 28. A top serial port 22 is provided on the top of the box body 28. The lower end of the antenna 20 is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module 19. One end of the first connecting cable 29 passes through the top serial port 24. 2. Connect the data acquisition and communication module 19 to the power supply. The other end of the connecting cable 29 passes through the serial port 9 of the rangefinder and connects to the rangefinder 6. The data acquisition and communication module 19 is connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21 via the connecting cable 30. The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21 has a ventilation window 23 on its housing 28 at a horizontal position. The data acquisition and communication module 19 has a side wall opening 27 on its housing 28 at a horizontal position. One end of the power plug 26 is connected to the data acquisition and communication module 19, and the other end of the power plug 26 passes through the side wall opening 27.

[0057] Specifically, the central control box 5 is mounted on the embedded part on the observation pier 4. The data acquisition and communication module 19 is an existing module that only needs to meet the data acquisition requirements. The data includes the measurement data from the rangefinder 6, the meteorological data from the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21, and the meteorological data from the dam bottom gallery. The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21 is used to collect meteorological data from the dam crest, including temperature, pressure, and other data. The ventilation window 23 facilitates the flow of gas from the dam crest into the box 28. Ventilation windows 23 are provided on both sides of the box 28. The number and distribution of ventilation windows 23 can be adjusted according to actual conditions to make the data collected by the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 21 more accurate.

[0058] Example 5:

[0059] Based on Example 4, such as Figure 4 As shown, the synthetic ruler pad component includes a ruler stake 12, a small circular prism 13, a prism rod 15, a synthetic ruler pad 16, and a ruler pad base 18. The synthetic ruler pad 16 is connected to the ruler stake 12 via the ruler pad base 18. The side of the ruler stake 12 is connected to the small circular prism 13 via the prism rod 15. The laser beam emitted by the rangefinder 6 falls on the small circular prism 13.

[0060] The composite ruler pad component is convenient for setting up the leveling rod and for moving the small circular prism 13 for centering.

[0061] Preferably, a ruler screw hole 14 is horizontally formed in the middle of the ruler stake 12, and one end of the prism rod 15 is connected to the ruler screw hole 14. The structure is simple and easy to install and disassemble.

[0062] Preferably, the synthetic ruler pad 16 is provided with a handle 17 for easy operation.

[0063] Preferably, the ruler pad base 18 includes an upper pad 181, a lower pad 182 and a plurality of adjusting bolts 183. The upper pad 181 and the lower pad 182 are connected by the plurality of adjusting bolts 183. A slot 184 is provided on the upper part of the middle of the upper pad 181, and the lower end of the ruler post 12 is connected to the slot 184.

[0064] Specifically, the height between the upper pad 181 and the lower pad 182 is adjusted by controlling the adjusting bolts 183, thereby adjusting the balance of the ruler post 12. Preferably, there are three adjusting bolts 183, which are simple in structure, easy to operate, and highly stable. The slot 184 facilitates the engagement of the ruler post 12. The lower ends of the slot 184 and the ruler post 12 are connected by bolts. Both the slot 184 and the ruler post 12 have horizontal bolt holes, which facilitates installation and disassembly, and the structure is stable after connection. The slot 184 is cylindrical in shape, which is simple in structure and has good stability. The lower pad 182 and the composite ruler pad 16 are detachably connected, preferably by bolts.

[0065] Example 6:

[0066] Based on Example 5, a method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam includes the following steps:

[0067] S1. First, adjust the observation pier base 3 to center the circular bubble 8 in the circular level bubble on the T-shaped rod 1; then, rotate the T-shaped rod 1 to position the rangefinder 6 vertically above the center of the wellhead, start the rangefinder 6, and turn on the ranging laser beam; finally, move the synthetic ruler pad component in the gallery at the bottom of the dam, and stop when the laser beam spot falls on the center of the small circular prism 13, and adjust the ruler pad base 18 to make the mirror surface of the small circular prism 13 horizontal;

[0068] Specifically, during leveling, first rotate the adjusting bolt 303 in the observation pier base 3 to make the T-shaped rod horizontal and the circular bubble in the circular level bubble 8 of the rangefinder 6 centered. Rotate the T-shaped rod at 0°, 90°, and 180° to check if the circular bubble in the circular level bubble 8 of the rangefinder is still centered. After confirming that the circular bubble is centered in all three positions, rotate the T-shaped rod to make the rangefinder 6 vertically positioned above the center of the wellhead. The control module 31 starts the rangefinder 6, turns on the ranging infrared laser beam, and moves the synthetic ruler pad 16 in the gallery at the bottom of the dam. Stop when the light spot falls on the center of the small circular prism 13, and then level the ruler pad base 18 to keep the mirror surface of the small circular prism 13 horizontal. Centering and leveling are the foundation of distance measurement to eliminate the influence of errors caused by the device itself.

[0069] S2, Distance measuring instrument 6, on-site measurement distance value D 测 Meteorological data were collected from the gallery at the top and bottom of the dam. The distance values ​​measured on site were corrected by adding constants, multiplying constants, and meteorological corrections based on the meteorological data, and the corrected distance value D was calculated.

[0070] Specifically, the control module starts the rangefinder 6 into phase ranging mode, sets up automatic ranging, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor 21 in the central control box automatically measures meteorological elements such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure. Meanwhile, personnel in the dam bottom gallery manually measure these meteorological elements using a handheld meteorological instrument. The measured distance D... 测 Calculations such as additive constant correction, multiplicative constant correction, and meteorological correction are performed to calculate the corrected distance D.

[0071] Distance value D measured on site 测 for:

[0072]

[0073] Where n is the total number of distance measurements, d i It is the distance measurement value of the i-th time;

[0074] The measured value T of the ambient temperature at the scene is:

[0075]

[0076] Where T 上 It is the air temperature at the shaft opening, T 下 It is the temperature in the corridor at the bottom of the dam;

[0077] The measured atmospheric humidity (RH) at the site was:

[0078]

[0079] RH 上 It refers to the atmospheric humidity at the shaft opening, RH. 下 It refers to the atmospheric humidity in the corridor at the bottom of the dam;

[0080] The measured air pressure value P at the site is:

[0081]

[0082] Where P 上 It is the air pressure at the shaft opening, P 下 It is the air pressure in the corridor at the bottom of the dam;

[0083] According to the rangefinder calibration report, its additive constant a is 1.02 mm and its multiplicative constant b is 1.60 mm / km.

[0084] Distance value D measured on site 测 The correction values ​​of the additive constant and the multiplicative constant V 加乘 :

[0085]

[0086] Distance value D measured on site 测 Weather correction value V 气 :

[0087]

[0088] It is evident that meteorological conditions have a significant impact on electromagnetic ranging, and observations are not advisable when the concentration of dust in the vertical shaft is high or the air quality is poor.

[0089] Corrected vertical distance value D:

[0090] D = D 测 +V 加乘 +V 气 =59.49883+0.00112+0.00036=59.50031(m).

[0091] S3. Measure the elevation difference h between point A at the wellhead and the zero point C on the leveling barcode sticker 7. AC ;

[0092] Specifically, using the backsight of the leveling instrument, aim at the leveling rod at the known point A; using the foresight, aim at the leveling barcode sticker on the distance measuring instrument; and using the "back-forward-backward" observation method, accurately measure the elevation difference h between point A and the zero point C of the barcode rod. AC ;

[0093] Level instrument for measuring elevation difference h AC = +1.50246(m).

[0094] S4. Measure the elevation difference h between the vertex D of measuring rod stake 12 and the undetermined point B in the gallery at the bottom of the dam. DB ;

[0095] Specifically, using the backsight of the leveling instrument to aim at the leveling rod on the top of the leveling rod stake on the synthetic rod pad, and the foresight to aim at the leveling rod on the point to be determined B, the height difference h between the top of the leveling rod stake D and point B is accurately measured using the "back-forward-backward" sequential observation method. DB ;

[0096] Level instrument for measuring elevation difference h DB = -0.34033(m).

[0097] S5. Review the settlement observation data of the dam gallery to determine the elevation H of the known point A. A ;

[0098] Specifically, by consulting the dam gallery settlement monitoring data, the known elevation point H... A =455.11390(m).

[0099] S6. Measure the height difference h between the zero point C on the leveling barcode sticker 7 and the laser emission point O of the distance measuring instrument 6. CO ;

[0100] Specifically, the height difference h between the zero point C of the leveling barcode sticker and the laser emission point O of the rangefinder is measured by the vernier caliper. CO =0.17843(m).

[0101] S7. Measure the height difference h from vertex D of ruler stake 12 to center O' of small prism 13. DO’ ;

[0102] Specifically, the vernier caliper measures the height difference h from the vernier caliper's top point D to the center O' of the small circular prism. DO’ = -0.05024(m).

[0103] S8. According to D, h AC h DB H A h CO and h DO’ Determine the elevation of point B to be determined, and assess the settlement within the dam gallery based on the elevation of point B.

[0104] Specifically, calculate the elevation value H of the point B to be determined.B :

[0105] H B =H A +h AC +h co -Dh DO' +h DB

[0106] = 455.11390 + 1.50246 + 0.17843 - 59.50031 + 0.05024 - 0.34033

[0107] =397.00439(m)

[0108] Reviewing the latest corridor settlement observation data, the second-order leveling survey started from the corridor entrance on the dam crest and moved 64 stations along the corridor stairs (64 stations means the leveling instrument had to be set up and observed a total of 64 times inside the stairs) before measuring the elevation H of point B. B =397.00564(m).

[0109] Comparing the elevation results measured by the two methods at point B, the discrepancy is ±1.25m, which is within the allowable range of ±3.0mm according to the monitoring standard.

[0110] The gallery at the bottom of the dam is affected by various factors such as water level changes, spillway changes, geological activities, and the dam's own weight, which inevitably cause deformation and settlement at the bottom of the gallery. Therefore, settlement monitoring of the gallery at the bottom of the dam is a long-term monitoring task. Long-term use of the method of this invention can save a lot of resources.

[0111] Observers monitor the gallery settlement value on-site according to the frequency specified in the "Technical Specification for Safety Monitoring of Concrete Dams" (SDJ336-89) or the "Technical Specification for Safety Monitoring of Earth and Rockfill Dams". When the monitoring frequency requirement is high, the method of this invention can better ensure the timeliness of the gallery settlement monitoring results.

[0112] The method of this invention is efficient and accurate, which helps to quickly grasp the settlement and safety status of the dam bottom gallery.

[0113] This invention can overcome the difficulties of leveling operations that involve transferring elevation data from the top of the dam to the bottom gallery via stairs, improve the efficiency and accuracy of settlement observation in the bottom gallery, realize automated data acquisition for distance measurement, and promptly grasp the settlement situation within the dam gallery.

[0114] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "inner," or "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0115] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All designs that are the same as or similar to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam, characterized in that: The system includes a support component, a distance measuring component, a central control box (5), and a composite scale pad component. The bottom of the support component is connected to the top of the dam, the top of the support component is connected to the distance measuring component, and the side of the support component is connected to the central control box (5). The central control box (5) is electrically connected to the distance measuring component. The composite scale pad component is connected to the gallery at the bottom of the dam. The support component includes a T-shaped rod (1), an observation pier base (3), and an observation pier (4). The top of the observation pier (4) is connected to the lower end of the vertical rod of the T-shaped rod (1) through the observation pier base (3). One end of the horizontal bar of the T-shaped rod (1) is connected to the distance measuring component, and the side of the observation pier (4) is connected to the central control box (5). The distance measuring component includes a distance measuring instrument (6) and a leveling barcode sticker (7). The rangefinder (6) is connected to a circular level bubble (8), a rangefinder serial port (9), and a rangefinder lens (10) on the top left and right sides. The rangefinder (6) is connected to a level barcode sticker (7) on the side and a rangefinder lens (10) on the bottom. The control box (5) includes a box body (28), a data acquisition and communication module (19), an antenna (20), a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (21), a bottom serial port (24), a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor serial port (25), a power plug (26), a connecting cable one (29), and a connecting cable two (30). The box body (28) is connected from top to bottom in the following order: The data acquisition and communication module (19) and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (21) are connected. A top serial port (22) is provided on the top of the housing (28). The lower end of the housing (28) of the antenna (20) is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module (19). One end of the connecting cable (29) passes through the top serial port (22) and is electrically connected to the data acquisition and communication module (19). The other end of the connecting cable (29) passes through the serial port (9) of the rangefinder and is electrically connected to the rangefinder (6). The data acquisition and communication module (19) is electrically connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (21) through the connecting cable (30). A ventilation window (23) is provided on the housing (28) at the horizontal position of the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor (21). The communication module (19) has a side wall opening (27) on the box (28) at the horizontal position. One end of the power plug (26) is electrically connected to the data acquisition communication module (19), and the other end of the power plug (26) passes through the side wall opening (27). The composite ruler pad component includes a ruler stake (12), a small circular prism (13), a prism rod (15), a composite ruler pad (16), and a ruler pad base (18). The composite ruler pad (16) is connected to the ruler stake (12) through the ruler pad base (18). The side of the ruler stake (12) is connected to the small circular prism (13) through the prism rod (15). The laser beam spot emitted by the rangefinder (6) falls on the small circular prism (13).

2. The device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A screw hole (2) is provided on one end of the crossbar of the T-shaped rod (1).

3. The device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rangefinder (6) has a rangefinder ear hole (11) on its side, and the rangefinder ear hole (11) and the screw hole (2) are connected by bolts.

4. The device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The ruler post (12) has a horizontal ruler post screw hole (14) in the middle, and one end of the prism rod (15) is connected to the ruler post screw hole (14).

5. The device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The synthetic ruler pad (16) is provided with a handle (17).

6. A method for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam based on the device for transferring the vertical elevation of a dam according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. First, adjust the observation pier base (3) to center the circular bubble in the circular level bubble (8) on the T-shaped rod (1); then, rotate the T-shaped rod (1) to make the rangefinder (6) vertically positioned above the center of the wellhead, start the rangefinder (6), and turn on the rangefinder laser beam; finally, move the synthetic ruler pad component in the gallery at the bottom of the dam, and stop when the laser beam spot falls on the center of the small circular prism (13), adjust the ruler pad base (18) to make the mirror surface of the small circular prism (13) horizontal; S2, Distance measuring instrument (6) on-site measurement of distance value D 测 Meteorological data was collected from the dam crest and base gallery. The measured distance values ​​were corrected for meteorological conditions using this data. The calibration report of the rangefinder was reviewed to verify the measured distance value D. 测 Perform additive and multiplicative constant corrections, and calculate the corrected distance value D; S3. The elevation difference h between the known point A at the wellhead and the zero point C on the leveling barcode sticker (7) is measured. AC ; S4. The elevation difference h between the vertex D of the measuring rod stake (12) and the undetermined point B in the gallery at the bottom of the dam. DB ; S5. Review the settlement observation data of the dam gallery to determine the elevation H of the known point A. A ; S6. The height difference h between the zero point C of the leveling barcode sticker (7) and the laser emission point O of the distance measuring instrument (6) CO ; S7. The height difference h between the vertex D of the measuring rod stake (12) and the center O' of the small circular prism (13) DO’ ; S8. According to D, h AC h DB H A h CO and h DO’ Determine the elevation of point B to be determined, and assess the settlement within the dam gallery based on the elevation of point B.

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