Stator, electric machine and vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of stator, motor and vehicle, stator includes: stator core;Stator winding, including first coil and second coil, first coil includes first slot-in conductor, first circumferential conductor, first connecting conductor extending along the radial direction of stator core, the first slot-in conductor of first coil includes at least two layers of first conductor group arranged along the radial direction of stator core, and first connecting conductor includes at least one layer of second conductor group arranged along the axial direction of stator core;Second coil includes second slot-in conductor, second circumferential conductor, second connecting conductor extending along the axial direction of stator core, and second slot-in conductor includes at least two layers of third conductor group arranged along the circumferential direction of stator core, second circumferential conductor includes at least one layer of fourth conductor group arranged along the axial direction of stator core, and the layer number of second conductor group is less than the layer number of first conductor group, and the layer number of fourth conductor group is less than or equal to the layer number of third conductor group.The stator according to the embodiment of the application occupies small axial space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and more specifically, to a stator, a motor, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, most flat wire wound motors use hairpin windings, the process of which includes hairpin winding forming, twisting and flaring, welding, etc., each of which has very complex process requirements. Moreover, this structure limits the winding method of flat wire, which is not conducive to improving the performance of the motor. In addition, the axial height of the motor winding is relatively high, resulting in a large axial dimension of the motor and a large space occupation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a stator with a small axial dimension of the stator winding, which is beneficial to reducing the axial space occupied by the stator.

[0004] The present invention also proposes an electric motor having the above-described stator.

[0005] The present invention also proposes a vehicle having the above-mentioned motor.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a stator includes: a stator core having a plurality of stator slots; a stator winding including a first coil and a second coil; the first coil including a first slot conductor located within the stator slots, a first circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a first connecting conductor extending radially along the stator core, the first connecting conductor connecting the first slot conductor and the first circumferential conductor; the first slot conductor including at least two layers of first conductor groups arranged radially along the stator core, each layer of the first conductor group including at least one conductor arranged circumferentially along the stator core; the first connecting conductor including at least one layer of second conductor groups arranged axially along the stator core, each layer of the second conductor group including at least two conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core. The second coil includes a second slot conductor located within the stator slot, a second circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a second connecting conductor extending axially along the stator core. The second connecting conductor connects the second slot conductor and the second circumferential conductor. The second slot conductor includes at least two layers of third conductor groups arranged circumferentially along the stator core, each layer of the third conductor group including at least one conductor arranged radially along the stator core. The second circumferential conductor includes at least one layer of fourth conductor groups arranged axially along the stator core, each layer of the fourth conductor group including at least two conductors arranged radially along the stator core. The number of layers in the second conductor group is less than the number of layers in the first conductor group, and the number of layers in the fourth conductor group is less than or equal to the number of layers in the third conductor group.

[0007] According to embodiments of the present invention, by reducing the number of layers in the second conductor group included in the first connecting conductor or reducing the number of layers in the fourth conductor group included in the second circumferential conductor, the space perpendicular to the stator core axis can be fully utilized, the overall size of the stator winding in the axial direction of the stator core can be reduced, the structure is more compact, the axial space occupied by the stator is reduced, and the motor is made smaller. Furthermore, the stator has advantages such as simple processing steps, high manufacturing efficiency, and high production qualification rate.

[0008] In addition, the motor stator according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second conductor group, at least one of the conductors includes a first extension and a second extension, the first extension connecting the second extension and the first slot conductor, the first extension extending circumferentially along the stator core.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the second conductor group, at least two of the conductors include the first extension, and the two first extensions extend away from each other in a direction away from the stator core.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stator core includes a plurality of stator teeth, and a stator slot is formed between two adjacent stator teeth. In the second conductor group, at least one conductor at least partially overlaps with the axial projection of the stator teeth.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the circumferential direction of the stator core, the width of the overlapping portion of the axial projection of the second conductor group and the stator tooth is L1, the width of the stator tooth is L2, and L1 / L2 < 0.5.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second conductor group is multilayered, and the number of conductors included in the multilayered second conductor group is equal.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first circumferential conductor includes at least one layer of fifth conductor groups arranged along the axial direction of the stator core, each layer of the fifth conductor group including at least two conductors arranged radially along the stator core, and the conductors of the first circumferential conductor are correspondingly connected to the conductors of the first connecting conductor.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the conductor has a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to its length direction, the first conductor group and the second conductor group are stacked along the length direction of the rectangle, and the third conductor group and the fourth conductor group are stacked along the width direction of the rectangle.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stator core includes a plurality of stator teeth and an annular stator yoke. The plurality of stator teeth are disposed on the inner or outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke along the circumferential direction of the stator yoke. The first circumferential conductor is located on the axial outer side of the stator yoke, and the second circumferential conductor is located on the axial outer side of the stator teeth.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the axial direction of the stator core, the second circumferential conductor is located on the side of the first circumferential conductor away from the stator core.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the stator winding includes a multi-phase winding, each phase winding including a plurality of first coil groups and a plurality of second coil groups, the first coil groups and second coil groups corresponding to the same phase being alternately arranged along the circumference of the stator core, the first coil group including a plurality of first coils arranged concentrically, the second coil group including a plurality of second coils arranged concentrically, each phase winding including a plurality of parallel branches, and each branch being connected in series with a plurality of first coils of the first coil group and / or connected in series with a plurality of second coils of the second coil group.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of conductors located in the same stator slot are connected in series.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first coil and the second coil are prefabricated coils.

[0021] The motor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] The vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the stator structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The center circle shows an enlarged structural diagram at point A.

[0027] Figure 3 This is an axial view of the stator core according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one phase winding of the stator winding according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another second coil according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slot insulation component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure label:

[0035] Stator 100; Motor 200; Vehicle 300;

[0036] Stator core 10; stator tooth slot 101; stator tooth 11; stator yoke 12; tooth shoe 13;

[0037] Stator winding 20; Conductor 21;

[0038] First coil 30; first slot conductor 31; first conductor group 311; first circumferential conductor 32; fifth conductor group 321; first connecting conductor 33; second conductor group 331; first extension 332; second extension 333;

[0039] Second coil 40; Second slot conductor 41; Third conductor group 411; Second circumferential conductor 42; Fourth conductor group 421; Second connecting conductor 43; Sixth conductor group 431;

[0040] First coil group 51; Second coil group 52;

[0041] 60. Slot insulation component. Detailed Implementation

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0044] In the description of this invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more of the features, "multiple" means two or more, "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact through another feature between them, and "above," "over," and "on top" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature.

[0045] The stator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, the stator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a stator core 10 and a stator winding 20.

[0047] Specifically, the stator core 10 has a plurality of stator slots 101, which can be arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10. For example Figures 1-3 As shown, the stator core 10 may include a stator yoke 12 and stator teeth 11. The stator yoke 12 is annular, and there are multiple stator teeth 11 distributed circumferentially along the stator yoke 12 and located on the inner circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12 for use with an inner rotor motor 200. In other words, the outer end of each stator tooth 11 along the radial direction of the stator core 10 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12, and the inner ends of the multiple stator teeth 11 may define stator holes coaxial with the stator yoke 12. Alternatively, the multiple stator teeth 11 may be located on the outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12 for use with an outer rotor motor 200. In other words, the inner end of each stator tooth 11 along the radial direction of the stator core 10 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke 12. A stator tooth groove 101 is formed between adjacent stator teeth 11. In some embodiments, the stator teeth 11 may be integrally formed on the stator yoke 12.

[0048] like Figures 1-2 and Figures 4-6 As shown, the stator winding 20 includes a first coil 30 and a second coil 40.

[0049] The first coil 30 includes a first slot conductor 31, a first circumferential conductor 32, and a first connecting conductor 33. The first slot conductor 31 is located in the stator slot 101. The first circumferential conductor 32 extends circumferentially along the stator core 10. The first connecting conductor 33 extends radially along the stator core 10. The first connecting conductor 33 connects the first slot conductor 31 and the first circumferential conductor 32 so that the first coil 30 forms a ring structure.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figures 4-5 As shown, the first coil 30 includes two first slot conductors 31, two first circumferential conductors 32 and four first connecting conductors 33. The two ends of each first circumferential conductor 32 are respectively connected to the ends of the two first slot conductors 31 through a first connecting conductor 33.

[0051] In addition, the first slot conductor 31 includes at least two layers of first conductor groups 311 arranged radially along the stator core 10, each layer of first conductor group 311 including one conductor 21 or multiple conductors 21 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, and the first connecting conductor 33 includes at least one layer of second conductor group 331 arranged axially along the stator core 10, each layer of second conductor group 331 including at least two conductors 21 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10.

[0052] By extending the first connecting conductor 33 radially along the stator core 10, the first circumferential conductor 32 can be arranged in a staggered manner relative to the first slot conductor 31 in the radial direction of the stator core 10. When winding the first coil 30, the conductor 21 of the first slot conductor 31 can be bent outward along the radial direction of the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 21 of the first connecting conductor 33, then bent circumferentially along the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 21 of the first circumferential conductor 32, and then bent inward along the radial direction of the stator core 10. Throughout the winding process, conductors 21, including the first slot conductor 31, the first connecting conductor 33, and the first circumferential conductor 32, can be obtained by bending and winding a single wire. Alternatively, all conductors 21 of the first slot conductor 31, the first connecting conductor 33, and the first circumferential conductor 32 can be formed by bending and winding the same wire. This eliminates the need for twisting and widening processes in hairpin windings, greatly reducing the complexity of the process and improving manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, multiple conductors 21 in the first slot conductor 31, the first connecting conductor 33, and the first circumferential conductor 32 can be arranged neatly and orderly, significantly improving the pass rate and stator 100 performance.

[0053] like Figures 1-2 , Figure 4 and Figures 6-7 As shown, the second coil 40 includes a second slot conductor 41, a second circumferential conductor 42, and a second connecting conductor 43. The second slot conductor 41 is located within the stator slot 101, the second circumferential conductor 42 extends circumferentially along the stator core 10, and the second connecting conductor 43 extends axially along the stator core 10. The second connecting conductor 43 connects the second slot conductor 41 and the second circumferential conductor 42, so that the second coil 40 forms a ring structure.

[0054] Specifically, the second coil 40 includes two second slot conductors 41, two second circumferential conductors 42, and four second connecting conductors 43. The two ends of each second circumferential conductor 42 are respectively connected to the ends of the two second slot conductors 41 through a second connecting conductor 43.

[0055] In addition, the second slot conductor 41 includes at least two layers of third conductor groups 411 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, each layer of third conductor group 411 including one conductor 21 or multiple conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10. The second circumferential conductor 42 includes at least one layer of fourth conductor group 421 arranged axially along the stator core 10, each layer of fourth conductor group 421 including at least two conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10.

[0056] By extending the second connecting conductor 43 along the axial direction of the stator core 10, the second circumferential conductor 42 can be staggered relative to the second slot conductor 41 in the axial direction of the stator core 10. With the first coil 30 and the second coil 40 simultaneously installed in the stator core 10, it is advantageous to ensure that the first circumferential conductor 32 and the second circumferential conductor 42 are at least partially staggered in both the axial and radial directions of the stator core 10. This facilitates a more compact arrangement of the stator winding 20 on the stator core 10, reducing the space occupied.

[0057] When winding the second coil 40, the conductor 21 of the conductor 41 in the second slot can be extended out of the stator tooth slot 101 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 21 of the second connecting conductor 43. Then, it can be bent along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 to wind one of the conductors 21 of the second circumferential conductor 42. Then, it can be bent along the axial direction of the stator core 10 toward the stator tooth slot 101. Throughout the winding process, conductors 21 in the same layer as the second slot conductor 41, the second connecting conductor 43, and the second circumferential conductor 42 can be obtained by bending and winding a single wire. Alternatively, all conductors 21 of the second slot conductor 41, the second connecting conductor 43, and the second circumferential conductor 42 can be formed by bending and winding the same wire. This eliminates the need for twisting and widening processes in hairpin windings, greatly reducing the complexity of the process and improving manufacturing efficiency. Furthermore, multiple conductors 21 in the second slot conductor 41, the second connecting conductor 43, and the second circumferential conductor 42 can be arranged neatly and orderly, which can significantly improve the pass rate and stator 100 performance.

[0058] In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the number of layers in the second conductor group 331 is less than the number of layers in the first conductor group 311. During the winding process, when the conductor 21 of the first coil 30 extends from the stator slot 101 and bends radially along the stator core 10, the number of layers of the conductor 31 in the first slot is adjusted to the number of layers of the first connecting conductor 33. As a result, the dimension of the first connecting conductor 33 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 is smaller than the dimension of the conductor 31 in the first slot along the radial direction of the stator core 10. Compared with not adjusting the number of conductor group layers, this effectively reduces the overall dimension of the stator winding 20 along the axial direction of the stator core 10, making the structure of the stator winding 20 more compact and reducing the overall space occupied by the stator 100.

[0059] For example, in such Figure 2 , Figures 4-5 In the example shown, the first slot conductor 31 of the first coil 30 includes four layers of first conductor groups 311 arranged radially along the stator core 10, and each layer of first conductor group 311 includes two conductors 21 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10. When the first slot conductor 31 extends out of the stator slot 101 and is bent radially along the stator core 10 to form the first connecting conductor 33, if the number of conductor group layers is not adjusted, the resulting first connecting conductor 33 includes four layers of second conductor groups 331 arranged axially along the stator core 10, resulting in a large axial space occupation. However, this application reduces the number of second conductor group 331 layers by adjusting the number of conductor group layers, such as... Figures 4-5 The diagram shows two layers. The number of conductors 21 included in the second conductor group 331 of each layer is increased, making reasonable use of the space in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10 to reduce the axial size of the stator core 10.

[0060] It should be noted that in embodiments where the second conductor group 331 is multilayered, the number of conductors included in the multilayered second conductor group 331 may be equal or unequal. In embodiments where the number of conductors included in the multilayered second conductor group 331 is equal, such as... Figures 4-5 As shown, this design not only reduces the axial space occupied by the first connecting conductor 33, but also avoids excessive space occupied in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, thus avoiding interference with other conductors 21 or structures, resulting in a more reasonable structural design.

[0061] Furthermore, the number of layers in the fourth conductor group 421 is less than or equal to the number of layers in the third conductor group 411. In embodiments where the number of layers in the fourth conductor group 421 is equal to the number of layers in the third conductor group 411, such as... Figure 2 , Figures 6-7 As shown, the dimension of the second circumferential conductor 42 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 is equal to the dimension of the second slot conductor 41 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10. In embodiments where the number of layers in the fourth conductor group 421 is less than the number of layers in the third conductor group 411, during the winding process, when the conductor 21 of the second coil 40 extends from the stator slot 101 and bends along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10, the number of layers in the second slot conductor 41 is adjusted to the number of layers in the second circumferential conductor 42. As a result, the dimension of the second circumferential conductor 42 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 is less than the dimension of the second slot conductor 41 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 10. Compared with not adjusting the number of conductor group layers, this effectively reduces the overall dimension of the stator winding 20 along the axial direction of the stator core 10, making the structure of the stator winding 20 more compact and reducing the overall space occupied by the stator 100.

[0062] It should be noted that the number of layers in the fourth conductor group 421 can be flexibly set according to the number of conductors included in the second coil 40, the arrangement of each conductor 21, and the size of the stator core 10.

[0063] For example Figures 6-7 As shown, the second coil 40 includes 8 conductors 21, that is, the second slot conductor 41 includes 8 conductors 21, and the second circumferential conductor 42 includes 8 conductors 21. In the second slot conductor 41, the 8 conductors 21 are arranged in two layers of third conductor groups 411 along the axial direction of the stator core 10. Each layer of third conductor group 411 includes 4 conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10. That is, the number of conductors arranged radially along the stator core 10 in the second slot conductor 41 is greater than the number of conductors arranged circumferentially. Therefore, when the second slot conductor 41 extends out of the stator slot 101 and then bends circumferentially, even without adjusting the number of conductor group layers, the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 formed is relatively small, and the impact on the axial dimension of the stator winding 20 is relatively small. Therefore, the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 can be equal to the number of layers of the third conductor group 411.

[0064] Of course, in order to further reduce the axial dimension of the stator winding 20, the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 can also be reduced, and the eight conductors 21 can be rearranged. For example, the fourth conductor group 421 can be made into one layer and include eight conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10, making reasonable use of the space perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10 and reducing the axial dimension of the stator core 10.

[0065] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, reducing the number of layers of the second conductor group 331 is also beneficial to increasing the exposed area of ​​the first connecting conductor 33, increasing the heat dissipation area, and reducing the axial heat conduction distance; similarly, reducing the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 is beneficial to increasing the exposed area of ​​the second circumferential conductor 42, increasing the heat dissipation area, and reducing the axial heat conduction distance, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect of the stator winding 20.

[0066] According to embodiments of the present invention, the stator 100, by reducing the number of layers of the second conductor group 331 included in the first connecting conductor 33 or reducing the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 included in the second circumferential conductor 42, can fully utilize the space perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, reduce the overall size of the stator winding 20 in the axial direction of the stator core 10, resulting in a more compact structure, reduced axial space occupied by the stator 100, smaller motor 200, increased heat dissipation area, and improved heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, the stator 100 has advantages such as simple processing steps, high manufacturing efficiency, and high production qualification rate.

[0067] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in the second conductor group 331, at least one conductor 21 includes a first extension 332 and a second extension 333. The first extension 332 connects the second extension 333 and the second slot conductor 41, and the first extension 332 extends circumferentially along the stator core 10.

[0068] Therefore, by adjusting the extension length or extension direction of the first extension segment 332, the position of the second extension segment 333 connected to the first extension segment 332 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 can be adjusted. By adjusting the extension size or extension direction of the first extension segment 332 of the plurality of conductors 21, the plurality of conductors 21 can be arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, or conductors 21 including the first extension segment 332 and conductors 21 excluding the first extension segment 332 can be arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10.

[0069] For example, in two adjacent layers of first conductor groups 311, the conductor 21 included in one layer of first conductor group 311 can be connected to the first extension 332, so that the corresponding connected second extension 333 can be located in the same layer of second conductor group 331 as the conductor 21 connected to the other layer of first conductor group 311, thereby reducing the number of conductor group layers of the second conductor group 331 arranged in the axial direction of the stator core 10.

[0070] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in the second conductor group 331, at least two conductors 21 include first extensions 332, and these two first extensions 332 extend away from each other in a direction away from the stator core 10. For example Figure 2 The two first extension segments 332 extend away from each other from bottom to top, so that a certain gap is formed between the two connected second extension segments 333. This gap can be used to arrange other conductors 21 so that the second conductor group 331 can include more conductors 21 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10, and avoid the second conductor group 331 being misaligned too much with the corresponding stator slot 101 on the stator core 10, which would affect the uniformity of the stator winding 20.

[0071] For example, in such Figure 2 , Figures 4-5In the example shown, the first slot conductor 31 includes four layers of first conductor groups 311, which are arranged radially from the inside to the outside along the stator slot 101 as the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, and the fourth layer. Each layer of first conductor group 311 includes two conductors 21. Among them, the conductors 21 connected to the first layer of first conductor group 311 and the third layer of first conductor group 311 all include a first extension 332 and a second extension 333. The conductors 21 connected to the second layer of first conductor group 311 and the fourth layer of first conductor group 311 do not include the first extension 332 and extend directly outward along the radial direction of the stator core 10. Therefore, the two conductors 21 connected to the first conductor group 311 of the first layer and the two conductors 21 connected to the first conductor group 311 of the second layer can form a second conductor group 331, and the two conductors 21 connected to the first conductor group 311 of the third layer and the two conductors 21 connected to the first conductor group 311 of the fourth layer can form another second conductor group 331, thus reducing the number of layers of the second conductor group 331.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the stator core 10 includes a plurality of stator teeth 11, and stator slots 101 are formed between two adjacent stator teeth 11. In the second conductor group 331, at least one conductor 21 at least partially overlaps with the axial projection of the stator teeth 11. For example, the conductors 21 located at both ends of the second conductor group 331 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 overlap with the circumferential projection of the stator teeth 11. That is, the second conductor group 331 passes through the space on one side of the axial direction of the stator teeth 11, thereby making fuller use of the space perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, reducing the end height of the stator winding 20, and making the motor 200 more compact.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the width of the overlapping portion of the axial projection of the second conductor group 331 and the stator tooth 11 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 is L1, and the width of the stator tooth 11 in the circumferential direction of the stator core 10 is L2, and L1 / L2 < 0.5. That is, the first connecting conductor 33 is bent to the conductor 21 in the space on one side of the axial direction of the stator tooth 11, and the bending range does not exceed half the width of the stator tooth 11, so as to avoid interference with the position of the first connecting conductor 33 corresponding to the adjacent stator tooth slot 101, and also to avoid electromagnetic interference.

[0074] In some embodiments where the number of layers in the fourth conductor group 421 is less than the number of layers in the third conductor group 411, at least one conductor 21 in the second circumferential conductor 42 includes a third extension and a fourth extension, wherein the third extension connects the fourth extension and the second connecting conductor 43, and the third extension extends radially along the stator core 10. The radial position of the fourth extension connected to the third extension in the stator core 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the extension length or direction of the third extension. By adjusting the extension dimension or direction of the third extension, multiple conductors 21 can be arranged radially along the stator core 10, or conductors 21 including the third extension and conductors 21 excluding the third extension can be arranged radially along the stator core 10.

[0075] In other embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 and Figure 6 As shown, the second connecting conductor 43 includes a multi-layer sixth conductor group 431 arranged circumferentially along the stator core 10. The sixth conductor group 431 includes a plurality of conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10. In the second connecting conductor 43, at least one conductor 21 may include a fifth extension and a sixth extension. The fifth extension connects the conductor 41 in the second slot and the sixth extension, and the fifth extension extends radially along the stator core 10, so that the conductors 21 of the second connecting conductor 43 can be arranged in a single conductor group radially along the stator core 10, or the conductors 21 including the fifth extension and the conductors 21 not including the fifth extension can be arranged in the same conductor group radially along the stator core 10. Therefore, the number of layers of the sixth conductor group 431 included in the second connecting conductor 43 is less than the number of layers of the third conductor group 411 included in the second slot conductor 41, thereby making the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 included in the second circumferential conductor 42 connected to the second connecting conductor 43 less than the number of layers of the third conductor group 411 included in the second slot conductor 41.

[0076] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 , Figures 4-5 As shown, the number of conductor layers included in the first circumferential conductor 32 can be equal to the number of conductor layers included in the first connecting conductor 33, so that the portion of the first coil 30 located outside the stator slot 101 has a smaller overall size along the axial direction of the stator core 10, which is more conducive to reducing the axial space occupied by the stator winding 20.

[0077] In some specific embodiments, such as Figure 2 , Figures 4-5As shown, the first circumferential conductor 32 includes at least one layer of fifth conductor groups 321 arranged along the axial direction of the stator core 10. Each layer of fifth conductor groups 321 includes at least two conductors 21 arranged radially along the stator core 10. The conductors 21 of the first circumferential conductor 32 are correspondingly connected to the conductors 21 of the first connecting conductor 33, that is, the number of conductors included in the first circumferential conductor 32 and the first connecting conductor 33 are equal and their arrangement positions correspond. During the winding process, the conductors 21 of the first connecting conductor 33 are bent along the circumference of the stator core 10 to obtain the conductors 21 of the first circumferential conductor 32.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the cross-section of conductor 21 perpendicular to its length direction is rectangular; in other words, conductor 21 is a flat wire.

[0079] The first conductor group 311 is stacked along the length of the rectangle to facilitate the insertion of the conductor 31 into the stator slot 101. This allows for a smaller slot size, reducing tooth harmonics, improving the magnetic circuit, and minimizing local magnetic flux oversaturation. The second conductor group 331 is also stacked along the length of the rectangle, with fewer layers. This reduces axial dimensions, improves heat dissipation, simplifies the bending structure of the conductor 21, and reduces manufacturing complexity.

[0080] The third conductor group 411 is stacked along the width of the rectangle, making it easier for the conductor 41 in the second slot to pass through the slot opening of the stator tooth 101 during the process of being installed in the stator tooth 101. The fourth conductor group 421 is stacked along the width of the rectangle, which is more conducive to increasing the surface area of ​​the second circumferential conductor 42 and reducing the axial dimension, while simplifying the bending structure of the conductor 21.

[0081] In some embodiments of the stator core 10, including stator teeth 11 and stator yoke 12, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the first circumferential conductor 32 is located axially outside the stator yoke 12, and the second circumferential conductor 42 is located axially outside the stator tooth portion 11. In other words, the projection of the first circumferential conductor 32 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 falls within the projection range of the stator yoke 12, and the projection of the second circumferential conductor 42 along the axial direction of the stator core 10 is located in the region between the stator yoke 12 and the stator hole. Thus, the first circumferential conductor 32 of the first coil 30 and the second circumferential conductor 42 of the second coil 40 are arranged radially offset along the stator core 10, satisfying the arrangement requirements of the first coil 30 and the second coil 40, avoiding interference, and facilitating installation.

[0082] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figures 1-7As shown, in the axial direction of the stator core 10, the second circumferential conductor 42 is located on the side of the first circumferential conductor 32 away from the stator core 10, so that the first circumferential conductor 32 and the second circumferential conductor 42 are staggered in the axial direction of the stator core 10, satisfying the arrangement requirements of the first coil 30 and the second coil 40 and avoiding interference.

[0083] During the assembly process, multiple first coils 30 can be installed into the corresponding stator slots 101, so that the two first circumferential conductors 32 of each first coil 30 are located on both sides of the axial direction of the stator yoke 12, and the first circumferential conductors 32 are in clearance fit with the stator yoke 12; then multiple second coils 40 can be installed into the corresponding stator slots 101, so that the two second circumferential conductors 42 of each second coil 40 are located on both sides of the axial direction of the stator tooth 11, and the second circumferential conductors 42 are located outside the first connecting conductor 33 of the first coil 30 (i.e., on the side away from the stator core 10). The assembly of the first coils 30 does not affect the assembly of the second coils 40, and the structure and arrangement are reasonable and orderly.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-7 As shown, the stator winding 20 includes a multi-phase winding, each phase winding including multiple first coil groups 51 and multiple second coil groups 52, where "multiple" refers to two or more. All first coil groups 51 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 10 in a predetermined multi-phase order, and all second coil groups 52 are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the stator core 10 in a predetermined multi-phase order. The first coil groups 51 and second coil groups 52 corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately along the circumference of the stator core 10. Furthermore, each first coil group 51 may include at least one first coil 30, and each second coil group 52 may include at least one second coil 40.

[0085] By setting up two different structures, the first coil group 51 and the second coil group 52 can meet the assembly requirements of the stator winding 20. The first coil group 51 and the second coil group 52 have strong applicability and fewer types and numbers of coils, which helps to reduce the difficulty of prefabricating coils and improve production efficiency.

[0086] For example, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the stator winding 20 includes six first coil groups 51 and six second coil groups 52, and the stator winding 20 includes three-phase windings of phase A, phase B, and phase C. Each phase includes two first coil groups 51 and two second coil groups 52. The six first coil groups 51 are arranged sequentially in the order of phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A, phase B, and phase C, and the six second coil groups 52 are arranged sequentially in the order of phase A, phase B, phase C, phase A, phase B, and phase C. Each first coil group 51 includes two concentrically arranged first coils 30, and each second coil group 52 also includes two concentrically arranged second coils 40. The first coil groups 51 and second coil groups 52 corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately, that is, sequentially in the order of first coil group 51, second coil group 52, first coil group 51, second coil group 52.

[0087] In embodiments where the coil group (first coil group 51 or second coil group 52) includes multiple coils (first coil 30 or second coil 40), in two concentrically arranged adjacent coils, the difference between the slot span of the outer coil and the slot span of the inner coil is 2, ensuring that the installation of multiple coils on the stator core 10 does not interfere with each other and avoids coil damage.

[0088] In addition, multiple first coil groups 51 and multiple second coil groups 52 are staggered by a preset angle, which is half of the central angle corresponding to the first coil group 51, so that the two adjacent second slot conductors 41 of the second coil group 52 are located in the stator slots 101 within the area enclosed by the same first coil group 51, and the two adjacent first slot conductors 31 of each first coil group 51 are located in the stator slots 101 within the area enclosed by the same second coil group 52.

[0089] In a specific embodiment where the first coil group 51 includes two first coils 30 and the second coil group 52 includes two second coils 40, adjacent pairs of inner first groove conductors 31 and outer first groove conductors 31 of the first coil group 51 are located between two inner second groove conductors 41 of the second coil group 52, and adjacent pairs of inner second groove conductors 41 and outer second groove conductors 41 of the second coil group 52 are located between two inner first groove conductors 31 of the first coil group 51. For example, the stator slots 101 corresponding to the four first groove conductors 31 of the first coil group 51 can be numbered 1, 2, 7, and 8, and the stator slots 101 corresponding to the four second groove conductors 41 of the second coil group 52 can be numbered 5, 6, 11, and 12.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, such as Figures 1-4As shown, the first coil group 51 includes multiple first coils 30 arranged concentrically, namely inner first coils 30 and outer first coils 30; the second coil group 52 includes multiple second coils 40 arranged concentrically, namely inner second coils 40 and outer second coils 40. Each phase winding includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and each branch connects only two first coils 30 of the first coil group 51 in series, only two second coils 40 of the second coil group 52 in series, or simultaneously connects two first coils 30 of the first coil group 51 and two second coils 40 of the second coil group 52 in series. Thus, each branch forms a non-full-turn arrangement structure, which is conducive to forming more parallel branches to meet the application requirements of low-voltage conditions. Furthermore, by connecting two first coils 30 located in the same first coil group 51 or two second coils 40 located in the same second coil group 52 in series, the resistance difference between the two first coils 30 and the two second coils 40 can be balanced to improve the performance of the stator 100.

[0091] Specifically, each phase winding includes two first coil groups 51 (denoted as 1# first coil group 51 and 2# first coil group 51) and two second coil groups 52 (denoted as 1# second coil group 52 and 2# second coil group 52), which are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 10 in the order of 1# first coil group 51, 1# second coil group 52, 2# first coil group 51 and 2# second coil group 52.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, each phase winding forms two parallel branches. One branch connects the inner first coil 30 and outer first coil 30 of the first coil group 51 and the inner second coil 40 and outer second coil 40 of the second coil group 52 in series. The other branch connects the inner first coil 30 and outer first coil 30 of the first coil group 51 in series and the inner second coil 40 and outer second coil 40 of the second coil group 52 in series.

[0093] In some other specific embodiments, each phase winding forms four parallel branches. The first branch connects the inner first coil 30 and the outer first coil 30 of the first coil group 51 in series; the second branch connects the inner second coil 40 and the outer second coil 40 of the second coil group 52 in series; the third branch connects the inner first coil 30 and the outer first coil 30 of the first coil group 51 in series; and the fourth branch connects the inner second coil 40 and the outer second coil 40 of the second coil group 52 in series.

[0094] In some embodiments, multiple conductors 21 located in the same stator slot 101 are connected in series, that is, multiple conductors 21 located in the same layer are connected in series, and multiple groups of conductors 21 are also connected in series, so that the conductors 21 located in the same stator slot 101 form a series branch, and the connected connecting conductors 21 and circumferential conductors 21 are also connected in series in this branch. In this way, each first coil 30 (or second coil 40) can form a winding effect of multiple bundles of wire, which is beneficial to increasing the series flux potential of the stator winding 20 and thus improving the torque.

[0095] It should be noted that multiple conductors 21 within the same stator slot 101 can be wound using the same wire, which simplifies the production process and improves production efficiency. Alternatively, multiple conductors 21 can be wound using different wires, and the wound conductors 21 can be welded together to form a series structure. For example, multiple conductors 21 located on the same layer can be wound using the same wire. After assembling each layer of conductors 21 into the stator core 10, the multiple layers of conductors 21 can be welded together to form a series structure. This not only meets the performance requirements such as improving torque, but also further reduces the installation difficulty of the stator winding 20 on the stator core 10 and improves assembly efficiency.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first coil 30 and the second coil 40 can be prefabricated coils, which are then installed into the stator core 10 after prefabrication. The winding process of the first coil 30 and the second coil 40 is not limited by the small space of the stator core 10. The position arrangement and bending direction of the multiple conductors 21 during the winding process are easy to control, which is beneficial to improving winding efficiency and pass rate, as well as meeting the needs of different stators 100 to change the number of conductors and the number of conductor group layers at different positions.

[0097] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the stator 100 may also include a slot insulator 60. The first slot portion of the first coil 30 and the second slot portion of the second coil 40 may be disposed in the slot insulator 60 within the corresponding stator slot 101, so as to achieve the insulation effect between the slot insulator 60 and the stator core 10.

[0098] According to some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each stator tooth groove 101 has two first inner surfaces that are opposite to each other, and the slot opening of the stator tooth groove 101 has two second inner surfaces that are opposite to each other. The distances between the two second inner surfaces and the adjacent first inner surfaces are L3 and L4, respectively, and L3 > L4, so that the slot opening is formed as an asymmetrical structure relative to the stator tooth groove 101.

[0099] For example, in some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, one end of the first inner side (such as the inner end of the inner rotor motor 200 or the outer end of the outer rotor motor 200) is provided with a toothed shoe 13, and the end face of the toothed shoe 13 is formed as the second inner side; the end of the other first inner side is not provided with a toothed shoe 13, and the first inner side and the second inner side are coplanar, and the toothed shoe 13 and the other first inner side form a slot of stator tooth groove 101. Thus, the toothed shoe 13 corresponding to each stator tooth groove 101 is formed as an asymmetrical structure, and the width of the slot of stator tooth groove 101 is smaller than the width of stator tooth groove 101. In other words, in the two opposing sides of two adjacent stator tooth portions 11, one side is provided with a toothed shoe 13, and the other side is not provided with a toothed shoe 13, so that the slot of stator tooth groove 101 is formed between the toothed shoe 13 and the side without the toothed shoe 13.

[0100] In other embodiments, the ends of the two first inner sides of the stator slot 101 (such as the inner end corresponding to the inner rotor motor 200, or the outer end corresponding to the outer rotor motor 200) are provided with toothed shoes 13, and the two toothed shoes 13 have unequal extension dimensions along the circumference of the stator core 10, and the opposing sides of the two toothed shoes 13 form the second inner side. This constitutes an asymmetrical toothed shoe 13 structure.

[0101] The asymmetrical slot structure effectively reduces the slot size of the stator slot 101, which is beneficial for increasing torque, reducing air gap, and minimizing harmonics. This, in turn, improves NVH performance, reduces noise, and lowers iron losses in the stator core 10. Furthermore, while minimizing slot size, the asymmetrical slot structure ensures that the conductors 31 in the first slot and 41 in the second slot can be smoothly installed into the stator slot 101. Compared to the complex process of hairpin windings, this significantly reduces assembly difficulty, meets the assembly requirements of various conductor layer numbers, and satisfies the needs of motors 200 under different operating conditions or application environments. This improves the manufacturing efficiency of the stator 100 and increases the production qualification rate.

[0102] like Figure 9 As shown, the motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a stator 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the stator 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the aforementioned beneficial technical effects, the motor 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by reducing the number of layers of the second conductor group 331 included in the first connecting conductor 33 or reducing the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 included in the second circumferential conductor 42, can fully utilize the space perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, reduce the overall size of the stator winding 20 in the axial direction of the stator core 10, resulting in a more compact structure, reduced axial space occupied by the stator 100, making the motor 200 more miniaturized, increasing the heat dissipation area, and improving the heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, the stator 100 has advantages such as simple processing steps, high manufacturing efficiency, and high production qualification rate.

[0103] like Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Since the motor 200 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the aforementioned beneficial technical effects, the vehicle 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention, by reducing the number of layers of the second conductor group 331 included in the first connecting conductor 33 or reducing the number of layers of the fourth conductor group 421 included in the second circumferential conductor 42, can fully utilize the space perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 10, reduce the overall size of the stator winding 20 in the axial direction of the stator core 10, resulting in a more compact structure, reduced axial space occupied by the stator 100, further miniaturization of the motor 200, increased heat dissipation area, and improved heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, the stator 100 has advantages such as simple processing steps, high manufacturing efficiency, and high production qualification rate.

[0104] In some specific embodiments, the number of slots in the stator 101 is 48, and the number of pole pairs corresponding to the stator 100 is 6, making the stator 100 more suitable for the application requirements of the automotive drive motor 200.

[0105] Here, vehicle 300 can be a new energy vehicle. In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle 300 with motor 200 as the main driving force. In other embodiments, the new energy vehicle 300 can also be a hybrid vehicle with both an internal combustion engine and motor 200 as the main driving force. Regarding the internal combustion engine and motor 200 mentioned in the above embodiments that provide driving power for the new energy vehicle, the internal combustion engine can use gasoline, diesel, hydrogen, etc. as fuel, and the way to provide electrical energy to motor 200 can be a power battery, hydrogen fuel cell, etc., without special limitation. It should be noted that this is merely an exemplary description of the structure of new energy vehicles, etc., and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention.

[0106] Other configurations and operations of the vehicle 300 and motor 200 according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0108] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "embodiment," "specific embodiment," and "example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0109] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stator, characterized in that, include: A stator core having multiple stator slots; Stator winding, the stator winding including a first coil and a second coil; The first coil includes a first slot conductor located within the stator slot, a first circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a first connecting conductor extending radially along the stator core. The first connecting conductor connects the first slot conductor and the first circumferential conductor. The first slot conductor includes at least two layers of first conductor groups arranged radially along the stator core, each layer of the first conductor group including at least one conductor arranged circumferentially along the stator core. The first connecting conductor includes at least one layer of second conductor groups arranged axially along the stator core, each layer of the second conductor group including at least two conductors arranged circumferentially along the stator core. The second coil includes a second slot conductor located within the stator slot, a second circumferential conductor extending circumferentially along the stator core, and a second connecting conductor extending axially along the stator core. The second connecting conductor connects the second slot conductor and the second circumferential conductor. The second slot conductor includes at least two layers of third conductor groups arranged circumferentially along the stator core, each layer of the third conductor group including at least one conductor arranged radially along the stator core. The second circumferential conductor includes at least one layer of fourth conductor groups arranged axially along the stator core, each layer of the fourth conductor group including at least two conductors arranged radially along the stator core. The number of layers in the second conductor group is less than the number of layers in the first conductor group, and the number of layers in the fourth conductor group is less than or equal to the number of layers in the third conductor group.

2. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the second conductor group, at least one of the conductors includes a first extension and a second extension, the first extension connecting the second extension and the first slot conductor, the first extension extending circumferentially along the stator core.

3. The stator according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the second conductor group, at least two of the conductors include the first extension, and the two first extensions extend away from each other in a direction away from the stator core.

4. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator core includes a plurality of stator teeth, and a stator slot is formed between two adjacent stator teeth. In the second conductor group, at least one conductor at least partially overlaps with the axial projection of the stator teeth.

5. The stator according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the circumferential direction of the stator core, the width of the overlapping portion of the axial projection of the second conductor group and the stator teeth is L1, the width of the stator teeth is L2, and L1 / L2 < 0.

5.

6. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conductor group is multi-layered, and the number of conductors included in the multi-layered second conductor group is equal.

7. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first circumferential conductor includes at least one layer of fifth conductor groups arranged along the axial direction of the stator core, and each layer of the fifth conductor group includes at least two conductors arranged radially along the stator core. The conductors of the first circumferential conductor are correspondingly connected to the conductors of the first connecting conductor.

8. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor has a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to its length direction. The first conductor group and the second conductor group are stacked along the length direction of the rectangle, and the third conductor group and the fourth conductor group are stacked along the width direction of the rectangle.

9. The stator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator core includes multiple stator teeth and an annular stator yoke. The multiple stator teeth are arranged circumferentially on the inner or outer circumferential surface of the stator yoke. The first circumferential conductor is located on the axial outer side of the stator yoke, and the second circumferential conductor is located on the axial outer side of the stator teeth.

10. The stator according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the axial direction of the stator core, the second circumferential conductor is located on the side of the first circumferential conductor away from the stator core.

11. The stator according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The stator winding includes a multi-phase winding, each phase winding including multiple first coil groups and multiple second coil groups. The first coil groups and second coil groups corresponding to the same phase are arranged alternately along the circumference of the stator core. The first coil group includes multiple first coils arranged concentrically, and the second coil group includes multiple second coils arranged concentrically. Each phase winding includes multiple branches connected in parallel, and each branch is connected in series with multiple first coils of the first coil group and / or in series with multiple second coils of the second coil group.

12. The stator according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The conductors located in the same stator slot are connected in series.

13. The stator according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The first coil and the second coil are prefabricated coils.

14. An electric motor, characterized in that, Includes the stator according to any one of claims 1-13.

15. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the motor according to claim 14.

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