Method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions, which can be applied to the fields of atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric pollution prevention and control technology. The method comprises: calling nitrogen oxide emissions of a target region in a unit time period from a pollution source monitoring system by using an electronic device; inputting the nitrogen oxide emissions in the unit time period into a fine particulate matter load function to output a fine particulate matter load in the unit time period, wherein the fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on a target data set of the target region; generating a fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limit value as an index by using the fine particulate matter load in the unit time period and an environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter, wherein the environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target region according to a preset concentration compliance value of the fine particulate matter of the target region, an initial background concentration and an integral function between the material concentration and the total amount of the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the fields of atmospheric chemistry and air pollution control technology, and in particular to a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions. Background Technology

[0002] In improving atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) 2.5 In the course of pollution, how to overcome PM2.5 pollution? 2.5 Improving bottlenecks and seeking new governance strategies or bases is crucial for controlling air pollution.

[0003] In realizing the inventive concept disclosed herein, the inventors discovered the following problems that generally exist in related technologies: Currently, for PM 2.5 The analysis and control methods generally involve using a high-precision atmospheric emission inventory grid and invoking complex atmospheric physicochemical parameters. 2.5 The model analysis system has been implemented, but its high-precision atmospheric emission inventory grid is difficult to deploy across multiple regions due to its high accuracy requirements and high cost; moreover, the PM... 2.5 The practical application of model analysis systems generally relies on high-precision environmental monitoring systems. However, due to the inadequacy of environmental monitoring systems in some areas, it is difficult to obtain high-precision, multi-dimensional environmental monitoring factors. Therefore, existing methods for monitoring PM2.5... 2.5 The analysis and treatment methods are difficult to cover multiple regions, and the costs are high in some areas. Overall, the relevant technologies for PM2.5 are limited. 2.5 The analysis and treatment methods used are not diverse enough and are too costly, making it difficult to effectively reduce PM2.5 in the atmosphere. 2.5 . Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this disclosure provides a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions.

[0005] This disclosure provides a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions, comprising: using an electronic device to retrieve nitrogen oxide emissions of a target area within a unit time period from a pollution source monitoring system; inputting the nitrogen oxide emissions within the unit time period into a fine particulate matter load function, and outputting the fine particulate matter load within the unit time period, wherein the fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on a target dataset of the target area, the target dataset of the target area is obtained by integrating a database through an ambient air monitoring platform, and the parameters in the target parameter set are the parameters involved in the process from nitrogen oxides to fine particulate matter within the target area; and using the fine particulate matter load within the unit time period and the environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter, generating a fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator, wherein the environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value, initial background concentration, and integral function between the concentration and total amount of matter in the target area.

[0006] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the target parameter set includes a first target parameter subset, a second target parameter subset, and a third target parameter subset; the fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on the target dataset of the target region, including: constructing a first sub-function using the first target parameter subset, wherein the first sub-function is used to characterize the amount of nitric acid generated during the conversion of nitrogen oxides into nitric acid; constructing a second sub-function using the second target parameter subset and the output of the first sub-function, wherein the second sub-function is used to characterize the gas-particle distribution of nitric acid in nitrates; constructing a third sub-function using the third target parameter subset, wherein the third sub-function is used to characterize the mass contribution of nitrates in the fine particulate matter; and generating the fine particulate matter load function based on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, and the third sub-function.

[0007] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the first subset of target parameters includes nitrogen oxide emission parameters, hydroxyl radical concentration over a first preset time period, ozone concentration over a second preset time period, reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and hydroxyl radicals, reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and ozone, molar mass of nitric acid, and molar mass of nitrogen oxides. Constructing a first sub-function using the first subset of target parameters includes: constructing a conversion rate sub-function based on the numerical values ​​of the hydroxyl radical concentration over the first preset time period, the ozone concentration over the second preset time period, the reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and hydroxyl radicals, and the reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and ozone, wherein the conversion rate sub-function characterizes the conversion rate of nitrogen oxides to nitric acid in the atmosphere; and constructing the first sub-function based on the nitrogen oxide emission parameters, the molar mass of nitric acid, the molar mass of nitrogen oxides, and the output of the conversion rate sub-function.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the second subset of target parameters includes observational data of the nitrate component in the fine particulate matter retrieved from the atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system; the construction of the second sub-function using the second subset of target parameters and the result output by the first sub-function includes: constructing the second sub-function using the ratio between the observational data of the nitrate component in the fine particulate matter and the result output by the first sub-function.

[0009] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the third subset of target parameters includes target fine particulate matter concentration data and target observation data of nitrate components within the target area, retrieved from an automatic ambient air quality monitoring system. The target observation data of nitrate components is the observation data of nitrate components within the target fine particulate matter concentration data. Constructing a third sub-function using the third subset of target parameters includes: constructing the third sub-function based on the ratio between the target observation data of nitrate components and the target fine particulate matter concentration data.

[0010] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the target area includes an environmental quality monitoring station, which is equipped with a meteorological forecasting system. The integral function between the concentration of a substance and the total amount of a substance is constructed as follows: a spatial grid model is constructed centered on the environmental quality monitoring station, wherein the spatial network model includes k grids, each of which has a projected area on the ground, and k is a positive integer; based on the projected area of ​​each grid, the daily average boundary layer height, and the concentration of fine particulate matter, the integral function between the concentration of a substance and the total amount of a substance is constructed, wherein the daily average boundary layer height is retrieved from the meteorological forecasting system.

[0011] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the environmental capacity of fine particulate matter is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to a preset concentration target value, an initial background concentration, and an integral function between the concentration of the fine particulate matter and the total amount of the matter in the target area. The process includes: constructing an environmental capacity function based on the preset concentration target value, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the concentration of the fine particulate matter and the total amount of the matter; and generating the environmental capacity using the environmental capacity function.

[0012] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the above-mentioned method of generating a fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator by utilizing the fine particulate matter load and the environmental capacity of fine particulate matter within the unit time period includes: constructing a nitrogen oxide emission limit function using the fine particulate matter load function and the environmental capacity function; and inputting the fine particulate matter load and the environmental capacity of fine particulate matter into the nitrogen oxide emission limit function to generate the fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator.

[0013] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: obtaining multiple consecutive fine particulate matter loads within the unit time period; determining a fine particulate matter concentration decay coefficient based on the multiple consecutive fine particulate matter loads within the unit time period; and using the concentration decay coefficient to correct the fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator, thereby obtaining a dynamic fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator.

[0014] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the method further includes: obtaining the background amount of fine particulate matter in the target area; obtaining the fine particulate matter load, the concentration decay coefficient, and the background amount of fine particulate matter in each unit time period, and generating a dynamic fine particulate matter load.

[0015] The method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) based on nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, provided in this disclosure, utilizes electronic devices to retrieve NOx emissions from a pollution source monitoring system for a target area within a given time period. The NOx emissions within this time period are input into a PM2.5 load function, outputting the PM2.5 load within the same time period. Using the PM2.5 load and the environmental capacity of PM2.5, a PM2.5 treatment system with NOx emission limits as an indicator is generated. During the PM2.5 analysis, electronic devices can retrieve necessary data from the integrated database of the pollution source monitoring system and the ambient air monitoring platform, outputting the PM2.5 load through the PM2.5 load function. Then, using the PM2.5 load and the environmental capacity of PM2.5, a PM2.5 treatment system with NOx emission limits as an indicator is generated. The entire analysis process is relatively simple, easy to promote on a large scale, suitable for application in multiple regions, and highly universal. Furthermore, the method of this disclosure has low cost, at least partially overcoming the problems of insufficient diversity and high cost in related technologies, thereby improving the analysis and control of PM2.5. 2.5 The diversity of methods and the technical effectiveness in reducing analysis and treatment costs can effectively reduce PM2.5 in the atmosphere. 2.5 . Attached Figure Description

[0016] The foregoing contents, as well as other objects, features, and advantages of this disclosure, will become clearer from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an application scenario of the method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions according to embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown schematically.

[0019] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions according to another embodiment of this disclosure is shown; and

[0020] Figure 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the architecture of a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure for ease of explanation. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0022] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. The terms “comprising,” “including,” etc., as used herein indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0023] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein are to be interpreted in a manner consistent with the context of this specification, and not in an idealized or overly rigid way.

[0024] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C", they should generally be interpreted in accordance with the meaning that is commonly understood by a person skilled in the art (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B, a system having A and C, a system having B and C, and / or a system having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0025] In the technical solution of this invention, the user information (including but not limited to user personal information, user image information, user device information, such as location information) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, and displayed data) involved are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application of related data all comply with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant countries and regions, take necessary confidentiality measures, do not violate public order and good morals, and provide corresponding operation entry points for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0026] In the past, efforts were made to improve atmospheric PM2.5 2.5 In the course of development, emission reduction of primary pollution sources has played a certain role. However, given the current state of complex air pollution dominated by secondary pollution, and with minimal results from primary emission reduction, how to overcome the challenges posed by PM2.5 pollution remains a critical issue. 2.5 Improving bottlenecks and seeking new governance strategies or bases is crucial for controlling air pollution. Currently, PM2.5 analysis... 2.5Methods generally include the A-value method, linear optimization methods, and model simulation methods. However, the A-value method, based on the box model principle, does not reflect emission source characteristics and chemical transformation processes, therefore it is not actually suitable for PM2.5 emissions. 2.5 Secondary / compound air pollutants such as ozone (hereinafter referred to as O3) are subject to linear optimization methods, which are limited by linear assumptions and are not suitable for dealing with secondary air pollution problems with nonlinear characteristics. The treatment of secondary / compound air pollutants differs from the treatment of sulfides (SO4). x ), nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NO) x The treatment of primary air pollutants such as SO2 and carbon monoxide (CO) is crucial for controlling SO2 emissions. x NO x The control of primary air pollutants such as CO can generally be carried out in a targeted manner, but the control of secondary / compound air pollutants is subject to problems such as vague control indicators and slow control results.

[0027] Currently, in first-tier cities, model analysis methods embedded with high-precision atmospheric emission inventory grids and involving the acquisition of complex atmospheric physicochemical parameters can be used, along with sophisticated high-precision monitoring systems, to provide some solutions for PM2.5 control. 2.5 Support for pollution control. However, this method is not suitable for analyzing and controlling PM2.5. 2.5 The cost is relatively high. In second- and third-tier cities, due to the less developed atmospheric monitoring systems, the simulation results of model analysis may differ significantly from reality due to the over-introduction of model default values ​​or assumptions; even in some more remote areas, atmospheric emission inventories are difficult to obtain. Therefore, in second- and third-tier cities and more remote areas, using model analysis for PM2.5 control is not feasible. 2.5 The likelihood of providing support is extremely low. Therefore, the relevant technology is of little use to PM. 2.5 Analysis and governance of PM2.5 are difficult to cover multiple regions. This makes it difficult for related technologies to effectively address PM2.5 pollution. 2.5 The analysis and treatment of PM2.5 in the atmosphere suffer from insufficient diversity, high costs, and difficulty in effectively reducing PM2.5 in the atmosphere. 2.5 The problem.

[0028] In view of this, the embodiments of this disclosure provide a simpler way to analyze and control PM. 2.5 This approach, based on regional monitoring capabilities, fully utilizes diversified pollutant monitoring systems to address the shortcomings of some areas' atmospheric monitoring systems, thereby constructing an intuitive atmospheric PM2.5 monitoring system. 2.5 Pollution treatment system, and NO x Linking emissions to determine PM2.5 levels 2.5 Whether the target value has been met and whether PM2.5 exceeding the standard has been controlled. 2.5 The process is transformed into determining NO. x Whether the emissions meet the emission limits and whether the excessive NO emissions are controlled.x This simplifies the management of PM2.5 2.5 The method can improve PM 2.5 An effective governance indicator system, and to provide more regions with PM2.5 indicators. 2.5 Improvement provides a basis for governance.

[0029] Specifically, embodiments of this disclosure provide a NO-based x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 Methods to improve the analysis and control of PM 2.5 The diversity of methods, cost reduction, and effective reduction of PM2.5 in the atmosphere 2.5 The method includes: using electronic devices to retrieve the nitrogen oxide emissions of the target area within a unit time period from the pollution source monitoring system; inputting the nitrogen oxide emissions within the unit time period into a fine particulate matter load function, and outputting the fine particulate matter load within the unit time period. The fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on a target dataset of the target area, which is obtained by integrating a database from an ambient air monitoring platform. The parameters in the target parameter set are those involved in the conversion of nitrogen oxides into fine particulate matter within the target area. Using the fine particulate matter load within the unit time period and the environmental capacity of fine particulate matter, a fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator is generated. The environmental capacity of fine particulate matter is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value, initial background concentration, and integral function between the concentration and total amount of matter in the target area.

[0030] Figure 1 This illustration schematically shows an embodiment of NO based on the present disclosure. x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The application scenario diagram of the method.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, application scenario 100 according to this embodiment may include terminal device 101, network 102, electronic device 103, environmental monitoring system, and database 104. Network 102 serves as a medium for providing communication links between terminal device 101 and electronic device 103, and between electronic device 103 and environmental monitoring system and database 104. Network 102 may include various connection types, such as wired, wireless communication links, or fiber optic cables, etc.

[0032] Users can use terminal device 101 to interact with electronic device 103 via network 102 to send analysis data on atmospheric PM. 2.5The device receives analysis requests and the analysis results obtained by the electronic device 103 based on the analysis requests. Various communication client applications can be installed on the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103, such as those for analyzing atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 Applications and monitoring of atmospheric PM 2.5 Applications of [the technology], including applications for monitoring air pollutants (examples only).

[0033] Terminal device 101 can be any device with a display screen and web browsing capabilities, including but not limited to smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers.

[0034] Electronic device 103 can be a server that provides various services. For example, it could be a backend management server that supports analysis requests sent by users using terminal device 101 (this is just an example). The backend management server can analyze and process the received analysis requests and feed back the processing results (such as analysis results, web pages, information, or data obtained or generated according to the analysis request) to terminal device 101.

[0035] The environmental monitoring system and database 104 can be configured with multiple environmental monitoring systems and multiple environmental monitoring databases. For example, the environmental monitoring system may include a pollution source monitoring system, which can provide NO... x Emissions. Electronic device 103, in response to an analysis request, can retrieve NO emissions for a given time period from the pollution source monitoring system. x Emissions. The environmental monitoring database can be an integrated database of an ambient air monitoring platform, used to store data categorized by region, starting from NO... x To PM 2.5 The database of parameters involved in the process. Electronic device 103, in response to an analysis request, can retrieve data from the integrated database of the ambient air monitoring platform for the target area, from the NO... x To PM 2.5 The parameters involved in the process are determined, and the target parameter set is obtained.

[0036] It should be noted that the embodiments provided in this disclosure are based on NO x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The method can generally be performed by electronic device 103. The NO-based method provided in this disclosure embodiment... x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The method can also be performed by a server or server cluster that is different from electronic device 103 and is able to communicate with terminal device 101, environmental pollution monitoring system and database 104 and / or electronic device 103.

[0037] It should be understood that Figure 1 The number of terminal devices, networks, electronic devices, environmental monitoring systems, and databases shown is merely illustrative. Depending on implementation needs, any number of terminal devices, networks, electronic devices, environmental monitoring systems, and databases can be included.

[0038] The following will be based on Figure 1 The described scene, through Figure 2 NO based on the disclosed embodiments x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The method will be described in detail.

[0039] Figure 2 This illustration schematically shows an embodiment of NO based on the present disclosure. x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The flowchart of the method.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is based on NO x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The methods include operations S210 to S230.

[0041] In operation S210, electronic devices are used to retrieve NO data for the target area within a unit time period from the pollution source monitoring system for that area. x Emissions.

[0042] When operating S220, the NO within a unit time period will be... x Emissions input to PM 2.5 The load function outputs the PM within a unit time period. 2.5 Load, of which PM 2.5 The load function is constructed based on the target dataset of the target region, which is obtained by integrating a database from an ambient air monitoring platform. The parameters in the target parameter set are the values ​​of NO within the target region. x To PM 2.5 The parameters involved in the process.

[0043] When operating S230, utilize PM within a unit time period. 2.5 Load and PM 2.5 Environmental capacity, generating NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system, in which PM 2.5 Environmental capacity is based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the PM2.5 concentration of the target area. 2.5 It is generated by the integral function between the preset concentration target value, the initial background concentration, and the substance concentration - total substance.

[0044] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the target area may be the area where atmospheric PM needs to be analyzed. 2.5 The target area may be one or more regions, one or more cities, etc. At least one environmental quality monitoring station may be set up in the target area to monitor the environmental quality of the target area through multiple monitoring systems and obtain multiple monitoring data, such as NO. x Emissions, in PM 2.5 nitrates (hereinafter referred to as nitrates) ) Observational data of components, in PM 2.5 middle Observed concentrations of components, daily average boundary layer height, etc. These data can all change in real time; for example, the daily average boundary layer height represents PM2.5 concentration. 2.5 The highest position that can be reached in the vertical direction.

[0045] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the unit time period may include a day, an hour, etc., and the unit time period can be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs.

[0046] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the pollution source monitoring system can be a system configured at environmental quality monitoring stations in a target area to monitor pollution sources. Specifically, the pollution source monitoring system can be used to monitor NO in the target area. x Data such as emissions.

[0047] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the integrated database of the ambient air monitoring platform can be used to store monitoring data obtained from monitoring the environment of a target area through the monitoring system of environmental quality monitoring stations. The integrated database of the ambient air monitoring platform can also be used to store parameter data that is categorized by region and / or season, and has standardized parameters. This parameter data can be from NO... x To PM 2.5 Required parameter data. For example, the daytime hydroxyl radical (OH) concentration in a target area during winter (e.g., the highest daytime OH concentration in winter is approximately 2-5 x 10⁻⁵). 6 The minimum is approximately 10 5 cm -3 ), such as the nighttime O3 concentration in a target area during winter, or the storage of NO. x The reaction rate constant with OH, NO x The reaction rate constant with O3, the molar mass of nitric acid (hereinafter referred to as HNO3), and NO x The molar mass, etc. In another embodiment, the concentration of OH can also be determined according to J(O) I The estimation of D (a photolysis parameter) can be performed using relevant techniques, which will not be elaborated here.

[0048] According to embodiments of this disclosure, in response to an analysis of atmospheric PM in a target area... 2.5 When making an analysis request, the NO data for the target area can be retrieved from the pollution source monitoring system within a day or hour. x Emissions, and parameter data related to the target area are retrieved from the integrated database of the ambient air monitoring platform based on the area name field and / or area name identifier, to obtain the target parameter set.

[0049] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a PM can be constructed using a target parameter set. 2.5 The load function is used to calculate the NO load within a unit time period. x Emissions, to obtain PM within a unit of time period 2.5 Load. Specifically, by measuring NO within a unit time period. x Emissions input to PM 2.5 The load function can output the PM within a unit time period. 2.5 Load capacity.

[0050] According to embodiments of this disclosure, environmental capacity can be the maximum load of pollutants that an area can accommodate without harming human survival and the natural ecosystem. PM 2.5 Environmental capacity can refer to PM2.5 concentration in a given area. 2.5 The maximum allowable concentration when it does not exceed its environmental target value, and environmental capacity, are important bases for reminding decision-makers to pay attention to pollution risks and adjust governance strategies.

[0051] According to embodiments of this disclosure, based on PM within a unit time period 2.5 Load and PM 2.5 The environmental capacity can generate NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system can identify PMs. 2.5 Whether the standards are met and whether the PM2.5 treatment meets the standards 2.5 The process is transformed into determining NO x Whether emissions exceed limits and how to control excessive NO emissions x (e.g., NO, NO2, etc.) processes. Among them, PM 2.5 Environmental capacity is based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value of fine particulate matter in the target area (e.g., 75 μg / m³). 3 The initial background concentration and the integral function between the concentration and total mass are generated. This integral function is also constructed based on a spatial grid model of the target region. The initial background concentration can be... Generally, a portion of PM2.5 exists in the atmosphere. 2.5 This part of PM 2.5The concentration can be used as the initial background concentration.

[0052] The method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) based on nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, provided in this disclosure, utilizes electronic devices to retrieve NOx emissions from a pollution source monitoring system for a target area within a given time period. The NOx emissions within this time period are input into a PM2.5 load function, outputting the PM2.5 load within the same time period. Using the PM2.5 load and the environmental capacity of PM2.5, a PM2.5 treatment system with NOx emission limits as an indicator is generated. During the PM2.5 analysis, electronic devices can retrieve necessary data from the integrated database of the pollution source monitoring system and the ambient air monitoring platform, outputting the PM2.5 load through the PM2.5 load function. Then, using the PM2.5 load and the environmental capacity of PM2.5, a PM2.5 treatment system with NOx emission limits as an indicator is generated. The entire analysis process is relatively simple, easy to promote on a large scale, suitable for application in multiple regions, and highly universal. Furthermore, the method of this disclosure has low cost, at least partially overcoming the problems of insufficient diversity and high cost in related technologies, thereby improving the analysis and control of PM2.5. 2.5 The diversity of methods and the technical effectiveness in reducing analysis and treatment costs can effectively reduce PM2.5 in the atmosphere. 2.5 .

[0053] According to embodiments of this disclosure, from NO x To PM 2.5 It generally goes through the following stages, for example in, With PM 2.5 The relationship between them is one of inclusion, that is, The nitrates indicated are PM2.5 2.5 One of the main components, PM 2.5 Including The term refers to nitrates. Therefore, in the construction of PM... 2.5 In the process of determining the load function, it is necessary to determine the parameters involved in each of the above stages one by one, and finally construct the PM. 2.5 Load function. Specifically, construct PM 2.5 The process of defining the load quantity function may include the following operations: constructing a first sub-function using a first subset of objective parameters, wherein the first sub-function is used to characterize the load quantity from NO. x The amount of HNO3 generated during the conversion to HNO3; using the subset of second objective parameters and the output of the first sub-function, a second sub-function is constructed, which is used to characterize HNO3 in... The air-particle distribution is analyzed; a third sub-function is constructed using a subset of third objective parameters, whereby the third sub-function is used to characterize PM.2.5 middle The quality contribution status; based on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, and the third sub-function, generate PM. 2.5 The load function. The first, second, and third subsets of objective parameters are determined from the set of objective parameters.

[0054] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the first subset of target parameters may include NO. x Emission parameters (e.g.) ), OH concentration in the first preset time period (e.g., daytime OH concentration), O3 concentration in the second preset time period (e.g., nighttime O3 concentration), NO x The reaction rate constant with OH (e.g.) The recommended reference value is 3.0 × 10. -11 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 NO x The reaction rate constant with O3 (e.g.) The recommended reference value is 3.5 × 10. -17 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 ), molar mass of HNO3 (e.g. 62g / mol) and NO x molar mass (e.g., M) NO (30 g / mol).

[0055] The process of constructing the first sub-function using the first subset of target parameters may include the following operations: based on the OH concentration during a first preset time period, the O3 concentration during a second preset time period, and the NO concentration during a second preset time period, which are included in the first subset of target parameters. x The reaction rate constant with OH and NO x A constant reaction rate with O3 is used to construct a conversion subfunction, which characterizes the reaction rate of NO in the atmosphere. x Conversion rate to HNO3; based on NO x Emission parameters, molar mass of HNO3, NO x The first subfunction is constructed based on the molar mass and the output of the conversion rate subfunction.

[0056] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the conversion rate sub-function can be as shown in formula (1).

[0057]

[0058] in, It can represent the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3. The rate constant for the reaction between NO2 and OH can be taken as 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. -11 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 , The reaction rate constant between NO2 and O3 can be taken as 3.5 × 10⁻⁶. -17 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 [OH] can represent the daytime OH concentration; [O3] can represent the nighttime O3 concentration; t d This can be expressed in the analysis of PM 2.5 The length of daylight during a given period, such as the length of time between sunrise and sunset; t n This can be expressed in the analysis of PM 2.5 The length of nighttime during a given period, such as the length of time between sunset and sunrise.

[0059] In one embodiment, due to 3.0×10 -11 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 ,and 3.5×10 -17 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 The differences between them are significant. To simplify the calculation process and reduce the consumption of computing resources, we can use only... 3.0×10 -11 cm 3 molecule -1 s -1 Formula (1) is constructed, that is, by utilizing the dominant process of NO2 to OH, formula (1) is constructed, and the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3 is obtained.

[0060] According to embodiments of this disclosure, based on NO x Emission parameters, molar mass of HNO3, NO x The first subfunction, constructed from the molar mass and conversion rate subfunction output, can be shown in formula (2).

[0061]

[0062] in, This can represent the estimated HNO3 generation on day t, where the unit time period is one day. It can represent NO xEmission parameters, used to input the NO on day t retrieved from the pollution source monitoring system. x Emissions; This can represent the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3 output by formula (1). The molar mass of HNO3 is 62 g / mol; NO x The molar mass of NO. Exemplarily, in this embodiment of the disclosure, the molar mass of NO is used, 30 g / mol, because NO... x The main emission sources can be industrial sources and motor vehicle sources. At the exhaust emission outlets of industrial and motor vehicle sources, NO... x The main substance in the formula is NO. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of the calculation, we can use only the molar mass of NO, 30 g / mol, and substitute it into formula (2) to obtain the amount of HNO3 generated.

[0063] When NO x When NO is released into the atmosphere, it is quickly oxidized into NO2 by O2 in the atmosphere, thus causing NO released into the atmosphere to... x In NO2, NO2 is in NO x The proportion of NO in NO is much higher than that in NO. x The proportion in NO. x Transformation into PM 2.5 This process typically occurs in the atmosphere, and NO in the atmosphere... x Since the main component is NO2, NO2 will be used in the formulas involved in the embodiments of this disclosure, and will not be repeated below.

[0064] According to embodiments of this disclosure, formulas (1) to (2) can be used to complete the process based on NO. x Emissions Achieving HNO3 generation The output of .

[0065] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the second subset of target parameters may include parameters retrieved from an atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system in the PM2.5 configuration. 2.5 middle Observational data on components. Among them, the atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system is used to provide PM2.5 concentration data for the target area. 2.5 middle Observational data of components. Retrieved from the atmospheric particulate matter component monitoring system in PM... 2.5 middle When accessing component observation data, it can be retrieved based on the fields and / or identifiers of the target region, as well as the fields and / or identifiers required to access the observation data. In PM 2.5 middle Observational data on components can be included in PM2.5 middle Observed concentration of components data.

[0066] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the process of constructing a second sub-function using a second subset of objective parameters and the output of a first sub-function may include the following operations: utilizing the results from PM 2.5 middle The second subfunction is constructed by comparing the observed data of the components with the output of the first subfunction. The second subfunction can be represented by Equation (3).

[0067]

[0068] in, Used to indicate HNO3 in The gas-particle partition coefficient; Used to indicate the target area and time t, at PM 2.5 middle Observations of components; Used to represent the amount of HNO3 generated by formula (2); This can represent data retrieved from an atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system, specifically related to PM2.5. 2.5 middle Observed concentrations of components express The daily average boundary layer height. In formula (3), The relationship is determined by formula (4).

[0069]

[0070] Formula (4) can be used as a function to convert between the amount of substance and its concentration. i，t C can represent the amount of air pollutant i on day t; i，t H can represent the concentration of air pollutant i on day t; k，t S can represent the average daily boundary layer height of the k-th grid on day t in a spatial grid model; k This can represent the projected area of ​​the k-th grid on the ground; m represents the total number of grids to be integrated. Formula (4) can be used as the integral function between the concentration and total amount of matter mentioned in operation S230, where air pollutant i represents PM. 2.5 In the case of i, formula (4) can characterize PM 2.5 The conversion relationship between quantity and concentration.

[0071] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the process of determining the integral function between substance concentration and total substance may include the following operations: constructing a spatial grid model centered on environmental quality monitoring stations within the target area, wherein the spatial network model includes k grids, each grid having a projected area on the ground, where k is a positive integer; based on the projected area of ​​each grid, the daily average boundary layer height, and PM2.5 concentration... 2.5 The concentration of the substance is used to construct an integral function between the substance concentration and the total substance (e.g., formula (4)), where the daily average boundary layer height is retrieved from the meteorological forecasting system configured at the environmental quality monitoring station. The meteorological forecasting system is used to provide the daily average boundary layer height of the target area.

[0072] Understandably, the spatial grid model established by the above operations focuses on analyzing atmospheric physicochemical processes within the spatial grid model in applications, without considering the exchange of substances between the spatial grid model and the outside world. The main focus is on analyzing the conversion between the amount and concentration of pollutants within this spatial grid model.

[0073] According to embodiments of this disclosure, based on This process shows that... The nitrates indicated are PM2.5 2.5 One of the main components, PM 2.5 Including The term refers to nitrates. Therefore, in determining PM... 2.5 During the load measurement process, it is also necessary to obtain the PM 2.5 middle The quality contribution of PM2.5 is used to predict PM2.5. 2.5 The load amount. The third subfunction is used to obtain this quality contribution. Specifically, the process of constructing the third subfunction using a subset of third objective parameters can include the following operations: based on... Target observation data of components and target PM 2.5 The ratios between concentration data are used to construct a third sub-function. This third target parameter subset includes the target PM2.5 concentration within the target area, retrieved from the automatic ambient air quality monitoring system. 2.5 Concentration data and Target observation data of components, among which, The target observation data for the components are in the target PM 2.5 Concentration data Observational data of the components. In another embodiment, Target observation data for components can also be based on target PM. 2.5 The relevant fields of the concentration data are retrieved from the atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system.

[0074] According to embodiments of this disclosure, an automatic ambient air quality monitoring system can be used to provide target PM2.5 levels for a target area.2.5 Concentration data and at the target PM 2.5 In the concentration data, Observed concentration data of components. Target PM 2.5 Concentration data and Target observation data for components can be representative of PM in the target area. 2.5 Concentration and Routine level data for components.

[0075] It is understandable that PM2.5 levels obtained from automatic ambient air quality monitoring systems... 2.5 Concentration, used to characterize PM in the target area 2.5 Concentration levels, while this application is based on NO x PM content analysis 2.5 Concentration can be a predicted concentration, measured by NO. x Emissions prediction PM 2.5 Concentration, in order to achieve PM 2.5 Different emission target values, planning NO x The emissions.

[0076] According to an embodiment of this disclosure, the third sub-function can be as shown in formula (5).

[0077]

[0078] in, Used to indicate PM 2.5 middle Quality contribution, Used to represent target PM 2.5 concentration, Used to represent Target observation data of components.

[0079] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the PM generated based on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, and the third sub-function is... 2.5 The load function can be expressed as shown in formula (6).

[0080]

[0081] in, Used to represent PM 2.5 Production on day t; This can represent NO input into formula (6). x Emissions; This can represent the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3 obtained from formula (1). Here is the molar mass of HNO3; NO x molar mass; The HNO3 obtained by formula (3) can be expressed as follows: The gas-particle partition coefficient; Formula (5) can be used to express the PM 2.5 middle Quality contribution status. This is achieved by calculating the NO on day t. x The emissions are input into formula (6) to output the PM2.5 concentration on day t. 2.5 The load capacity.

[0082] According to embodiments of this disclosure, PM is analyzed based on the target area and unit time period. 2.5 Analyzing the load allows for a more granular determination of PM levels. 2.5 The load; and by considering the influence of atmospheric physical and chemical processes, the load was determined. and Data such as NO can be used to achieve monitoring of pollution sources. x This primary pollutant emission is converted into atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 The load capacity, in order to effectively control PM 2.5 To carry out planning and governance.

[0083] According to the disclosed embodiments, based on PM within a unit time period 2.5 Load and atmospheric PM 2.5 Preset concentration target values ​​can be used to construct NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system. Specifically, the construction of this system can begin by determining the PM. 2.5 The environmental capacity, combined with the environmental capacity, is used to calculate the PM2.5 concentration. 2.5 If the NO concentration reaches the preset standard value, how much NO needs to be emitted? x .

[0084] According to embodiments of this disclosure, PM 2.5 The environmental capacity is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value of fine particulate matter in the target area, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the concentration of matter and the total amount of matter. The specific process may include the following operations: based on PM... 2.5 An environmental capacity function is constructed by using the preset concentration target value, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the substance concentration and the total substance. The environmental capacity is then generated using the environmental capacity function.

[0085] According to embodiments of this disclosure, after obtaining PM 2.5 After determining the environmental capacity, PM2.5 within a unit of time period can be utilized. 2.5 Load and PM 2.5 Environmental capacity, generating NOx PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system. Specifically, it includes the following operations: utilizing PM 2.5 Load function and environmental capacity function, construct NO x Emission limit function; PM 2.5 Load and PM 2.5 Environmental capacity, input into NO x In the emission limit function, NO is generated. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0086] According to embodiments of this disclosure, in PM 2.5 Inverse calculations are performed based on the load function, for a PM 2.5 The preset concentration target value is calculated based on the top-down direct integration method shown in the environmental capacity function of formula (7) to determine the atmospheric PM2.5 concentration. 2.5 Environmental capacity; then according to formula (8) NO x The method shown in the emission limit function is used to calculate the PM2.5 concentration to achieve the desired emission limit. 2.5 To achieve the aforementioned preset concentration target value, the required NO concentration is... x Emissions, thereby through NO x To achieve the governance of PM2.5 2.5 Governance.

[0087]

[0088] in, It can represent PM on day t. 2.5 Environmental capacity; C s It can represent atmospheric PM 2.5 The preset concentration target (expected target, for example, preset to the secondary standard limit of 75 μg / m³) is the target concentration. 3 It can also be set according to the target area. The preset concentration target values ​​can be different for different areas. The specific values ​​can be adjusted according to actual needs. and They represent PM at the initial time t0, respectively. 2.5 The background amount and background concentration of PM2.5 at the initial moment 2.5 The background amount and background concentration can be understood as PM2.5. 2.5 Background levels and background concentrations, or baseline levels and baseline concentrations, refer to the amount of PM2.5 generally present in the atmosphere. 2.5 This part of PM 2.5 The amount can be used as the background level; this part of PM 2.5The concentration can be used as the background concentration. k can represent the k-th spatial grid in the spatial grid model; m can represent the total number of grids to be integrated; S k H can represent the projected area of ​​the k-th grid on the ground; k，t It can represent the daily average boundary layer height of the k-th grid on day t in a spatial grid model; It can represent the daily average boundary layer height of the k-th grid at time t0 in the spatial grid model.

[0089]

[0090] in, PM can be obtained from formula (7) 2.5 Environmental capacity, It can represent NO x Emission limits, This can represent the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3 obtained from formula (1). Here is the molar mass of HNO3; NO x molar mass; The HNO3 obtained by formula (3) can be expressed as follows: The gas-particle partition coefficient; Formula (5) can be used to express the PM 2.5 middle The quality contribution. Formula (8) can also be used as NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0091] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by constructing NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system can achieve PM-based 2.5 The preset target value is determined by NO. x The emission limits for NO can be set, thereby allowing for the control of NO emissions. x Planning and governance to achieve PM 2.5 The planning and governance of PM2.5 simplifies the planning and governance of PM2.5. 2.5 The process.

[0092] According to embodiments of this disclosure, PM 2.5 PM2.5 typically has a lifespan of 3 to 5 days in the atmosphere, meaning it decays exponentially over 3 to 5 days. 2.5 The remaining amount can be e of the initial amount. -1 (Approximately 36.8%). Due to PM... 2.5 The lifespan of PM, therefore 2.5Pollution can be persistent. The descriptions above refer to the situation within a single time period, such as NO for one day. x Emissions, PM10 in 1 day 2.5 The load. And due to PM 2.5 The pollution has a certain degree of persistence, so it is necessary to determine the situation over multiple consecutive time periods and construct a dynamic PM2.5 monitoring system. 2.5 Load function, and dynamic NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0093] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a dynamic PM is constructed. 2.5 The process of obtaining the load function may include the following operations: obtaining the PM within the target area. 2.5 The baseline quantity; obtaining the PM within each unit time period. 2.5 Loading rate, concentration decay coefficient and PM 2.5 The baseline quantity generates dynamic PM. 2.5 Load capacity.

[0094] According to embodiments of this disclosure, a dynamic NO-based system is constructed. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system may include the following operations: acquiring PM data for multiple consecutive time periods. 2.5 Load; based on PM within multiple consecutive time periods. 2.5 Load, determine PM 2.5 The concentration decay coefficient; using the concentration decay coefficient to measure NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system is modified to obtain dynamic NO. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0095] According to embodiments of this disclosure, PM 2.5 The lifespan of atmospheric PM2.5 can be determined by repeatedly fitting the pollution process. 2.5 The optimal fit value for lifetime is taken as 3 days in this embodiment of the disclosure. Dynamic PM 2.5 The load function can be expressed as shown in formula (9).

[0096]

[0097] in, This represents the PM2.5 concentration on day t during a pollution period. 2.5 Total load; Represents the NO of day i. x PM corresponding to emissions2.5 Load capacity; It can be used as a concentration decay coefficient; It can represent PM at the initial time t0. 2.5 The background level. Using formula (9), dynamic PM2.5 can be analyzed for specific pollution durations. 2.5 Daily load, thus obtaining dynamic PM 2.5 Load capacity.

[0098] In one embodiment, based on the daily emission levels of pollution sources in the target area (i.e., the known rate of new source replenishment), for PM2.5 emissions during a continuous (e.g., 2–7 days) pollution process... 2.5 Load on day t The actual remaining amount corresponding to the initial generated amount can be added together, such as the load on the third day. Day 1 the next day and the third day Residual quantity and background quantity The superposition of.

[0099] According to embodiments of this disclosure, the concentration decay coefficient is used to treat NO... x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The process of correcting the treatment system can be shown in Equation (10). That is, by combining the concentration decay coefficient with Equations (7) and (8), Equation (10) can be obtained.

[0100]

[0101] in, This represents the PM2.5 concentration on day t during a pollution period. 2.5 Dynamic environment capacity; k can represent the k-th spatial grid in the spatial grid model; m can represent the total number of grids to be integrated; S k H can represent the projected area of ​​the k-th grid on the ground; k，t It can represent the daily average boundary layer height of the k-th grid on day t in a spatial grid model; It can represent the daily average boundary layer height of the k-th grid at time t0 in a spatial grid model; C s It can represent atmospheric PM 2.5 The preset concentration target value; They represent PM at the initial time t0, respectively. 2.5 The background concentration; It can represent NO x Emission limits, This can represent the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3 obtained from formula (1). Here is the molar mass of HNO3; NOx molar mass; The HNO3 obtained by formula (3) can be expressed as follows: The gas-particle partition coefficient; Formula (5) can be used to express the PM 2.5 middle Quality contribution status; It can be used as a concentration decay coefficient. Formula (10) can be used as a dynamic coefficient for NO. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0102] According to embodiments of this disclosure, for a given PM 2.5 Load capacity We can reverse the process to NO x Emission limits

[0103] For example, for an industrial city region Y, the NO-based embodiment of this disclosure is used. x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 Methods for analyzing PM 2.5 In the analysis process, formula (6) can be further specified as formula (11); formula (7) can be further specified as formula (12); formula (8) can be further specified as formula (13), and provide a basis for the long-term and short-term pollution control of industrial city area Y based on NO. x Emission control indicators.

[0104]

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] According to embodiments of this disclosure, by and Three parameters to construct PM 2.5 The load function simplifies the process from NO x The complexity of bottom-up emission source analysis models. Furthermore, this is addressed through direct quantification of these three parameters and parameterization. This variable simplifies the analysis of atmospheric PM based on NOx emissions. 2.5 The process of load. To determine the dynamic atmospheric PM2.5... 2.5 The daily load can be obtained by adding the variable of pollution duration t.

[0109] According to embodiments of this disclosure, NO xPM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system involves and and atmospheric PM 2.5 Concentration target setpoint, atmospheric boundary layer height H k，t A system of equal-parameter variables, while dynamically based on NO. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The treatment system can be obtained by adding the variable of pollution duration t.

[0110] The embodiments disclosed herein provide NO-based x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 This method, by fully utilizing existing monitoring resources in the target area, overcomes the shortcomings of local monitoring often lacking precise observation conditions, high-precision atmospheric emission inventory grid conditions, and mesoscale or large-scale prediction model analysis of complex atmospheric physicochemical processes. It simplifies the complex process and establishes a NO-based... x Atmospheric PM emissions analysis 2.5 The method of load and treatment system can link the existing monitoring system of the target area to atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 Load capacity, and build with NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Treatment system to help treat atmospheric PM2.5 2.5 Achieve both short-term and long-term improvement goals.

[0111] Figure 3 This illustration schematically shows a NO-based embodiment according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 The flowchart of the method.

[0112] like Figure 3 As shown, the method includes operations S310 to S340.

[0113] When operating S310, build PM 2.5 Load system within a unit time period.

[0114] Based on NO x The emissions per unit time period (retrieved from the pollution source monitoring system) are determined one by one based on the atmospheric particulate matter component monitoring system, the ambient air quality automatic monitoring system, and atmospheric physicochemical calculation processes. The three internal constraint parameters of the generation and transformation relationship (e.g.) and ), build PM 2.5 The load system within a unit time period (e.g., formula (6)).

[0115] In operating S320, the conversion between the quantity and concentration of air pollutants is calculated.

[0116] Establish a spatial grid model for the target region and obtain the number of grids k and the total area S corresponding to the horizontal planes of the target region. k The corresponding atmospheric boundary layer height H is obtained based on the local meteorological forecasting system of the target area. k，t This enables the conversion calculation between the amount and concentration of air pollutants (e.g., formula (4)).

[0117] When operating S330, construct with NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0118] Based on conventional atmospheric PM 2.5 Preset concentration target value and / or local atmospheric PM2.5 concentration in the target area 2.5 Preset concentration target values, based on spatial grid calculation of atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 Environmental capacity, combined with the PM constructed in step S310 2.5 The load system within a unit time period, and then PM 2.5 Reaching the preset concentration standard value and NO x Linking emissions to NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system (e.g., formula (8)).

[0119] When operating S340, determine the dynamic PM. 2.5 Load and dynamic NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system.

[0120] Based on the persistent pollution process and considering the residence life of complex air pollutants, the PM2.5 levels obtained from operations S310 to S330 are analyzed. 2.5 The load per unit time period is dynamically adjusted to obtain dynamic PM. 2.5 Load (e.g., formula (9)); at the same time, update operation S330 dynamically with NO. x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 The processing system (e.g., formula (10)) uses dynamic daily NO x Emission limits are indicators for pollution control.

[0121] Figure 4 The diagram schematically illustrates the architecture of a method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] like Figure 4As shown, the architecture of this method may include a pollution source monitoring system 401, an atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system 402, an ambient air quality automatic monitoring system 403, a meteorological forecasting system 404, and a system for constructing atmospheric PM2.5 systems. 2.5 Module 405 of the load system, and the construction of NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Module 406 of the processing system.

[0123] Pollution source monitoring system 401 can be used to provide NO on day t. x Emissions

[0124] Atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system 402 can be used to provide Observational data of components, such as wait.

[0125] The 403 automatic ambient air quality monitoring system can be used to provide target PM2.5 concentrations for a target area. 2.5 Concentration data

[0126] The weather forecasting system 404 can be used to provide the daily average boundary layer height (PBLH) of the k-th grid of a spatial grid model on day t, for example, H. k，t .

[0127] Construct atmospheric PM 2.5 Module 405 of the load system is used to process data retrieved from the pollution source monitoring system 401, the atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system 402, the ambient air quality automatic monitoring system, and the meteorological forecasting system 404 to obtain the conversion rate of NO2→HNO3. HNO3 in gas-particle partition coefficient In PM 2.5 middle Quality contribution And based on this data, a PM was constructed. 2.5 Load system (e.g., as shown in formula (6)).

[0128] Build with NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Module 406 of the processing system is used to process PM 2.5 The preset concentration standard and PM 2.5 The load capacity, constructing with NO x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Processing system (e.g., as shown in formula (8)).

[0129] The embodiments disclosed herein provide NO-based x Emissions analysis of atmospheric PM 2.5 This method avoids the shortcomings of local monitoring often lacking precise observation conditions, high-precision atmospheric emission inventory grids, and mesoscale or large-scale prediction models embedding complex atmospheric physicochemical processes, as well as the difficulty in applying previous conventional atmospheric environmental capacity algorithms. It simplifies the complex process and establishes a NO-based... x Atmospheric PM emissions analysis 2.5 The method of load and treatment system can link the existing pollution source monitoring system in the target area to atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 The load system will incorporate NO from the existing pollution source monitoring system. x This primary pollutant emission is converted into atmospheric PM2.5. 2.5 Composite pollution load. Furthermore, a system based on NO... x PM2.5 emission limits are the indicator 2.5 Treatment system, clarify atmospheric PM 2.5 Standardized governance indicators.

[0130] The embodiments disclosed herein are mainly applied in the field of air pollution control, contributing to PM2.5 reduction. 2.5 Pollution control can be based on evidence and targeted, and in the face of the challenges of improving long-term and short-term complex air pollution, it can trace the root causes and provide technical support for further improving air quality by formulating an effective treatment system.

[0131] It should be noted that, unless it is explicitly stated that there is a sequential order of execution between different operations, or that there is a sequential order of execution between different operations in terms of technical implementation, the execution order between multiple operations may not be significant, and multiple operations may be executed simultaneously.

[0132] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0133] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in this disclosure. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments and / or claims of this disclosure can be combined or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of this disclosure. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of this disclosure.

[0134] The embodiments of this disclosure have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. The scope of this disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing atmospheric fine particulate matter based on nitrogen oxide emissions, comprising: Using electronic devices, the nitrogen oxide emissions of the target area within a unit of time period are retrieved from the pollution source monitoring system; The nitrogen oxide emissions within the unit time period are input into the fine particulate matter load function, and the fine particulate matter load within the unit time period is output. The fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on the target dataset of the target area. The target dataset of the target area is obtained by integrating the database of the ambient air monitoring platform. The parameters in the target parameter set are the parameters involved in the process from nitrogen oxides to fine particulate matter within the target area. By utilizing the fine particulate matter load and the environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter within the unit time period, a fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as an indicator is generated. The environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter is generated based on the spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value of the fine particulate matter in the target area, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the concentration of the substance and the total amount of the substance. The target parameter set includes a first target parameter subset, a second target parameter subset, and a third target parameter subset; The fine particulate matter load function is constructed based on the target dataset of the target region and includes: Using the first subset of target parameters, a first sub-function is constructed, wherein the first sub-function is used to characterize the amount of nitric acid generated during the process of converting the nitrogen oxides into nitric acid; Using the second subset of target parameters and the results output by the first sub-function, a second sub-function is constructed, wherein the second sub-function is used to characterize the gas-particle distribution of nitric acid in nitrates; Using the third subset of objective parameters, a third sub-function is constructed, wherein the third sub-function is used to characterize the mass contribution of nitrate in the fine particulate matter; The fine particulate matter load function is generated based on the first sub-function, the second sub-function, and the third sub-function.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first subset of target parameters includes nitrogen oxide emission parameters, hydroxyl radical concentration during a first preset time period, ozone concentration during a second preset time period, reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and hydroxyl radicals, reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and ozone, molar mass of nitric acid, and molar mass of nitrogen oxides. The step of constructing the first sub-function using the first subset of target parameters includes: Based on the first target parameter subset, including the concentration of hydroxyl radicals during a first preset time period, the ozone concentration during a second preset time period, the reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and hydroxyl radicals, and the reaction rate constant between nitrogen oxides and ozone, a conversion rate sub-function is constructed, wherein the conversion rate sub-function is used to characterize the conversion rate of nitrogen oxides to nitric acid in the atmosphere. The first sub-function is constructed based on the nitrogen oxide emission parameter, the molar mass of nitric acid, the molar mass of nitrogen oxide, and the output of the conversion rate sub-function.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second subset of target parameters includes observational data on the nitrate component in the fine particulate matter retrieved from the atmospheric particulate matter composition monitoring system; The step of constructing the second sub-function using the second subset of target parameters and the output of the first sub-function includes: The second subfunction is constructed by using the ratio between the observed data of the nitrate component in the fine particulate matter and the output of the first subfunction.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The third subset of target parameters includes target fine particulate matter concentration data and target observation data of nitrate components within the target area, retrieved from the ambient air quality automatic monitoring system, wherein the target observation data of nitrate components is the observation data of nitrate components in the target fine particulate matter concentration data. The construction of the third sub-function using the third subset of objective parameters includes: The third sub-function is constructed based on the ratio between the target observation data of the nitrate component and the target fine particulate matter concentration data.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The target area includes environmental quality monitoring stations, which are equipped with meteorological forecasting systems. The integral function relating substance concentration and total substance is constructed as follows: Centered on the environmental quality monitoring station, a spatial grid model is constructed, wherein the spatial network model includes k grids, each of which has a projected area on the ground, and k is a positive integer; Based on the projected area, daily average boundary layer height, and fine particulate matter concentration of each grid, an integral function relating the substance concentration to the total substance is constructed, wherein the daily average boundary layer height is retrieved from the meteorological forecasting system.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The environmental capacity of fine particulate matter is generated based on a spatial grid model of the target area, according to the preset concentration target value of fine particulate matter in the target area, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the concentration and total amount of matter, including: An environmental capacity function is constructed based on the preset concentration target value of the fine particulate matter, the initial background concentration, and the integral function between the substance concentration and the total substance. The environmental capacity is generated using the environmental capacity function.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The process of generating a fine particulate matter treatment system based on nitrogen oxide emission limits by utilizing the fine particulate matter load and the environmental capacity of fine particulate matter within the unit time period includes: Using the fine particulate matter load function and the environmental capacity function, a nitrogen oxide emission limit function is constructed; The fine particulate matter load and the environmental capacity of the fine particulate matter are input into the nitrogen oxide emission limit function to generate the fine particulate matter treatment system with the nitrogen oxide emission limit as the indicator.

8. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: Obtain the fine particulate matter load within multiple consecutive unit time periods; The concentration decay coefficient of fine particulate matter is determined based on the fine particulate matter load within the multiple consecutive unit time periods. The concentration decay coefficient is used to correct the fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as the indicator, resulting in a dynamic fine particulate matter treatment system with nitrogen oxide emission limits as the indicator.

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising: Obtain the background amount of fine particulate matter within the target area; The fine particulate matter load, the concentration decay coefficient, and the background amount of fine particulate matter are obtained for each unit time period to generate a dynamic fine particulate matter load.

Images