High-temperature tunnel temperature difference power generation liquid cooling-air cooling coupling control system and method

Abstract

This invention discloses a liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system and method for thermoelectric power generation in high-temperature tunnels. The system includes a thermoelectric power generation module comprising multiple sets of semiconductor refrigeration chips connected in series. The hot ends of all semiconductor refrigeration chips abut against the tunnel lining, and the cold ends are connected to a heat-conducting plate with heat dissipation fins. The heat-conducting plate has heat dissipation fins. A liquid-cooling module includes water pipes, with the heat dissipation fins of the heat-conducting plate encased in the water pipes to form liquid-cooled microchannels. A water pump is mounted on the water pipes. An air-cooling module includes air-cooled heat pipes, one end of which is connected to and communicates with the interior of the heat-conducting plate, and the other end is connected to heat dissipation fins. A controller is configured to: determine the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module and its corresponding power supply capacity based on the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all semiconductor refrigeration chips; and control the air-cooling module to operate independently or in conjunction with the liquid-cooling module based on the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module and the energy storage components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel heat hazard control technology, specifically to a liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system and method for thermal power generation in high-temperature tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Geothermal energy in the underground environment can affect the environment inside tunnels and various equipment within them. Taking high-temperature tunnels as an example, tunnels with a construction environment temperature exceeding 28°C are considered high-temperature tunnels. This temperature can adversely affect tunnel support structures, engineering machinery, and construction personnel. In order to monitor the real-time temperature environment of tunnels and utilize tunnel thermal resources, some tunnels install thermoelectric generators in their secondary linings to generate electricity using geothermal resources. This electricity powers various sensors or other equipment (such as temperature and humidity sensors, stress and strain sensors, etc.) within the tunnel, reducing the impact of geothermal energy on tunnels while also reducing the construction costs of additional power supply lines.

[0004] The temperature of the surrounding rock in tunnels fluctuates frequently, and thermoelectric generators need to dissipate heat during operation to create a sufficient temperature difference between the hot and cold ends in order to convert it into usable electrical energy. Common heat dissipation methods are air cooling and liquid cooling. Thermoelectric generators usually rely on air cooling. However, due to the poor air circulation inside tunnels, the power generation of thermoelectric generators often becomes unstable because poor heat dissipation prevents a sufficient temperature difference between the hot and cold ends from being achieved.

[0005] Some tunnel chambers contain a large amount of cold water resources that can be used as coolant for water cooling. Although water cooling is more effective than air cooling, water cooling requires a water pump to continuously drive the circulation of coolant. Thermoelectric generators rely on water pumps to drive the coolant in order to obtain good power supply. However, water pumps themselves are high-energy-consuming devices. The power supply capacity of thermoelectric generators is difficult to meet the operation of water pumps for a long time. Installing additional power lines will increase the construction cost and energy burden of the tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the technical problems mentioned above, this invention provides a liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system and method for high-temperature tunnel thermoelectric power generation. The system compares the actual power supply required by existing equipment with the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module. When the power supply capacity is sufficient, the thermoelectric power generation module supplies power while the air-cooled module operates independently. When the power supply capacity is insufficient, both the air-cooled and liquid-cooled modules operate simultaneously, with the thermoelectric power generation module and energy storage components providing power collaboratively.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides a liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation, comprising:

[0009] The thermoelectric power generation module includes multiple sets of semiconductor refrigeration chips connected in series. The hot end of all semiconductor refrigeration chips abuts against the tunnel lining, and the cold end is connected to a heat-conducting plate. The heat-conducting plate has heat dissipation fins on its back.

[0010] The liquid cooling module includes water pipes and heat dissipation fins of a heat-conducting plate, which are sealed and wrapped by the outer shell to form a liquid cooling microchannel. The inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling microchannel are connected to the water pipes, and a water pump is installed on the water pipes.

[0011] The air-cooled module includes an air-cooled heat pipe, one end of which is connected to a heat-conducting plate and communicates with the inside of the heat-conducting plate, and the other end is connected to a heat dissipation fin.

[0012] The controller is configured to: determine the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module and the corresponding power supply capacity based on the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all thermoelectric chips; and control the air-cooled module to work alone or the air-cooled module and the liquid-cooled module to work together based on the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module and the energy storage element.

[0013] Furthermore, all thermoelectric coolers are connected to temperature sensors, which in turn are connected to the controller.

[0014] Furthermore, all the semiconductor cooling chips are located inside the secondary lining of the tunnel, with the hot end in close contact with the outer surface of the primary lining.

[0015] Furthermore, the ends of the water pipes are connected to a cold water source and a water storage tank, respectively. When the water pump works, the cold water source travels along the water pipes through a liquid-cooled microchannel to the water storage tank. The water pump is connected to the controller.

[0016] Furthermore, the air-cooled heat pipe is located on the heat dissipation surface of the tunnel. The internal working medium absorbs heat through the heat-conducting plate and flows to the heat dissipation fins under the action of thermodynamics. Heat exchange is achieved through the contact between the heat dissipation fins and the air inside the tunnel.

[0017] Furthermore, it also has an energy storage element, which is connected to both the controller and the water pump.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for implementing control based on the above-described system, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Obtain the total voltage U and total current I required for all devices and sensors in the system to operate normally;

[0020] By acquiring the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all thermoelectric coolers, the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module is obtained, and the actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined.

[0021] If the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, the air-cooled module will work independently, and the excess power generated by the thermoelectric generator will be supplied to the energy storage element.

[0022] If the actual output voltage does not exceed the required total voltage U, or the actual output current does not exceed the required total current I, the water pump starts and is powered by the energy storage element, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together.

[0023] Furthermore, when the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together, if the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, the water pump will shut down, the liquid cooling module will stop, the heat dissipation mode will switch to air cooling, and the excess power generated by the thermoelectric generator will be delivered to the energy storage element.

[0024] Furthermore, the actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined as follows: based on the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module, the actual power generation U1 generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is determined; based on the load connected to the thermoelectric power generation module and the internal resistance of the semiconductor cooling chip, the actual output voltage U2 and actual output current I1 of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined.

[0025] Furthermore, when the maximum average temperature difference is lower than the set value, the energy storage element releases the stored electricity to drive the water pump, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together; when the maximum average temperature difference is not lower than the set value, the water pump is turned off, the liquid cooling module stops running, and the excess electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is transferred to the energy storage module for storage.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The power supply capacity of the thermoelectric generator module is determined based on its maximum average temperature difference. By comparing the current power demand of all devices in the system with the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric generator module, when the power supply capacity is sufficient, the thermoelectric generator module supplies power while the air-cooled module works alone. When the power supply capacity is insufficient, the air-cooled module and the liquid-cooled module work simultaneously, and the thermoelectric generator module and the energy storage element work together to supply power. The resulting liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled temperature control method not only ensures the stability of the system's power generation and improves the power generation performance, but also controls the intermittent operation of the water pump by regulating the air cooling and the air-cooled-water-cooled coupling method, reducing unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, the hardware cost of the energy storage element is much lower than that of laying power supply lines. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system structure provided in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation control process of a tunnel thermoelectric power generation module provided in one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupling control process provided in one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Surrounding rock of the tunnel; 2. Primary lining of the tunnel; 3. Secondary lining of the tunnel; 4. Semiconductor cooling chip; 5. Thermally conductive aluminum plate; 6. Liquid-cooled microchannel; 7. Air-cooled heat pipe; 8. Thermoelectric power generation module; 9. Controller; 10. Other electrical equipment; 11. Temperature sensor; 12. Data storage transmitter; 13. Capacitor; 14. Water pump; 15. Water pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0035] As described in the background section, thermoelectric generators installed in tunnels require a high temperature difference to achieve good power supply. To achieve a high temperature difference, liquid cooling is required. Liquid cooling relies on water pumps to provide driving force for the coolant. However, the energy consumed by the water pumps during long-term operation cannot be supported by the thermoelectric generators alone, resulting in a high energy burden on the tunnel.

[0036] Therefore, the following embodiments provide a liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system and method for thermoelectric power generation in high-temperature tunnels, comparing the actual power supply required by the current equipment with the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module. When the power supply capacity is sufficient, the thermoelectric power generation module supplies power, and the air-cooled module operates independently. When the power supply capacity is insufficient, the air-cooled module and the liquid-cooled module operate simultaneously, with the thermoelectric power generation module and the energy storage element providing power collaboratively.

[0037] Example 1:

[0038] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermoelectric power generation includes:

[0039] The thermoelectric power generation module 8 includes multiple sets of semiconductor cooling chips 4 connected in series. All semiconductor cooling chips 4 are located inside the secondary lining of the tunnel, with their hot ends abutting against the primary lining of the tunnel and their cold ends connected to a heat-conducting plate. The heat-conducting plate has heat dissipation fins.

[0040] The liquid cooling module includes a water pipe 15. The heat dissipation fins of the heat-conducting plate are sealed and wrapped by the outer shell to form a liquid cooling microchannel 6. The inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling microchannel (6) are connected to the water pipe (15). A water pump 14 is provided on the water pipe 15.

[0041] The air-cooled module includes an air-cooled heat pipe 7, one end of which is connected to a heat-conducting plate and communicates with the interior of the heat-conducting plate, and the other end is connected to heat dissipation fins.

[0042] The controller is configured to: determine the maximum average temperature difference and corresponding power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module 8 based on the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all the thermoelectric cooling chips 4; and control the air-cooled module to work alone or the air-cooled module and the liquid-cooled module to work together, based on the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module 8 and the energy storage element.

[0043] The thermoelectric power generation module 8 includes multiple sets of semiconductor cooling chips 4 connected in series. Each unit set of semiconductor cooling chips 4 is equipped with a temperature sensor 11 at both the hot and cold ends. The temperature sensor is connected to the controller 9.

[0044] A heat-conducting aluminum sheet is installed on the hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip 4 by expansion bolts, and a heat-conducting aluminum plate 5 is installed on the cold end of the semiconductor cooling chip 4.

[0045] The front end of the air-cooled heat pipe 7 is wrapped inside the heat-conducting aluminum plate 5, so that the working medium inside the air-cooled heat pipe 7 can fully exchange heat with the heat-conducting aluminum plate 5. The back of the heat-conducting aluminum plate 5 is provided with heat dissipation fins, which are sealed and wrapped by the outer shell to form a liquid-cooled microchannel 6.

[0046] The liquid-cooled microchannel 6 is connected to a water pump 14 via a water pipe, which controls its switching. The water pump is connected to the controller.

[0047] The inlet of the water pump 14 is connected to the cold water source contained in the tunnel chamber; the outlet of the water pump 14 is connected to the liquid-cooled microchannel 6; the outlet of the liquid-cooled microchannel 6 is connected to the water pipe 15 leading to the water storage tank inside the tunnel chamber.

[0048] The air-cooled heat pipe 7 is installed between the heat dissipation surface of the tunnel and the heat-conducting aluminum plate 5. It is parallel to the semiconductor cooling chip and its front end is wrapped by the heat-conducting aluminum plate. The rear end of the heat pipe is bent vertically and extends outward for a certain distance. The end of the heat pipe is equipped with heat dissipation fins, which exchange heat with the air in the tunnel.

[0049] The surface of the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel is provided with the primary lining 2 and the secondary lining 3 in sequence. The thermoelectric power generation module 8 is embedded in the secondary lining 3, and the air-cooled heat pipe 7 protrudes from the surface of the secondary lining 3 at a certain distance. Therefore, the heat dissipation surface of the tunnel refers to the surface formed between the primary lining 2 and the secondary lining 3 for releasing heat.

[0050] The hot end of the semiconductor cooling chip 4 comes from the high-temperature surrounding rock of the tunnel generated by geothermal energy. The heated surface of the semiconductor cooling chip 4 is closely attached to the surface of the initial lining 2 of the surrounding rock through the heat-conducting aluminum plate 5. The high rock temperature is transferred to the heated surface through heat conduction, forming a high-temperature area.

[0051] Cold end cooling includes two forms:

[0052] One type of heat dissipation is achieved by air-cooled heat sink, which is the main heat dissipation mode. The heat from the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip is transferred to the heat-conducting aluminum plate. The heat is then transferred to the heat dissipation fins through the heat pipe 7 connected to the heat-conducting aluminum plate, and heat dissipation is completed by convective heat exchange with the air in the tunnel.

[0053] Another type is air-cooled-water-cooled radiator coupled heat dissipation. This is a heat dissipation mode that operates intermittently when air cooling is insufficient. The controller monitors that the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the semiconductor cooling chip in each unit is lower than the set value. The water pump is turned on to use the cold water contained in the tunnel chamber to conduct convective heat exchange with the fins in the liquid-cooled microchannel for water cooling. At the same time, the air-cooled radiator also assists in heat dissipation. After the cold water is circulated, it is discharged into the tunnel water storage tank.

[0054] The controller 9 is connected to the temperature sensor 11, the water pump 13, the data storage transmitter 12, and the thermoelectric generator module. While the controller 9 controls the operation of the system, it monitors the temperature difference data between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric generator module 8 and adjusts the air-cooled / water-cooled heat dissipation mode in a timely manner to ensure the stability of the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends.

[0055] The wireless terminal device 13 can receive sensor data and equipment operation data and can be manually controlled.

[0056] Temperature sensor 11 acquires the real-time temperature of each unit group of thermoelectric cooler 4 in the thermoelectric power generation module 8, reflecting the hot end temperature T of each unit group of thermoelectric cooler 4. r With cold junction temperature T l The data is sent to the controller 9, which calculates the average temperature difference ΔT between the hot and cold ends of the semiconductor refrigeration chip 4 in each unit group and determines whether the average temperature difference ΔT has reached the minimum temperature difference limit.

[0057] Because the tunnel interior is a closed space, the air temperature fluctuates greatly due to climate and construction work, which may affect the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat pipes. If the average temperature difference is lower than the minimum temperature difference limit ΔT... minWhen the thermoelectric power generation experiences unstable fluctuations, the energy storage element (capacitor 13 in this embodiment) releases the stored electricity to continuously transmit power and ensure the stable operation of each device. The energy storage element is connected to the controller and the water pump respectively.

[0058] Simultaneously, the energy storage element (capacitor 13) discharges to drive the water pump, which is then controlled by the controller 9 to start the water pump 14. The cold water in the chamber is used to dissipate heat from the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module 8. At this time, the heat dissipation is a combination of air-cooled and water-cooled cooling. When the average temperature difference ΔT of the thermoelectric power generation module 8 exceeds the maximum limit, the water pump 14 stops working, and the heat dissipation mode switches to air-cooled heat pipe cooling.

[0059] The generated electrical energy is used for various devices inside the tunnel, including control unit 9, sensor unit, and signal storage and transmission unit. The remaining electrical energy is stored using capacitors.

[0060] The liquid-air cooling coupled temperature control method not only ensures the stability of the system's power generation and improves power generation performance, but also controls the intermittent operation of the water pump by timely adjusting the air cooling and air-water cooling coupled methods, thus reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0061] Example 2:

[0062] The control method based on the above system includes the following steps:

[0063] Obtain the total voltage U and total current I required for all devices and sensors in the system to operate normally;

[0064] By acquiring the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all thermoelectric coolers, the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module is obtained, and the actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined.

[0065] If the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, then the air-cooled module will remain operational.

[0066] If the actual output voltage does not exceed the required total voltage U, or the actual output current does not exceed the required total current I, the water pump starts and is powered by the energy storage element, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together.

[0067] Furthermore, when the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together, if the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, the water pump shuts off and the liquid cooling module stops, the heat dissipation mode switches to air cooling, and the excess power generated by the thermoelectric generator is delivered to the energy storage element.

[0068] Furthermore, the actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined as follows: based on the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module, the actual power generation U1 generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is determined; based on the load connected to the thermoelectric power generation module and the internal resistance of the semiconductor cooling chip, the actual output voltage U2 and actual output current I1 of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined.

[0069] Furthermore, when the maximum average temperature difference is lower than the set value, the energy storage element releases the stored electricity to drive the water pump, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together; when the maximum average temperature difference is not lower than the set value, the water pump is turned off, the liquid cooling module stops running, and the excess electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is transferred to the energy storage module for storage.

[0070] Specifically, in combination Figure 3 As shown, the logic steps of the controller controlling the air-cooling-water-cooling heat dissipation mode are as follows:

[0071] To ensure that the electrical energy output by the thermoelectric generator module can power all the sensors in the device to work properly, before the system starts, the controller 9 detects and records the total voltage U, total current I, and capacitor voltage required for all devices to maintain operation.

[0072] After startup, temperature sensor 11 measures the hot-end temperature T of each unit in the thermoelectric generator module 4 in real time. r The cold junction temperature T1 is then sent to the controller.

[0073] After receiving the temperature data, the controller calculates the maximum average temperature difference ΔT of the thermoelectric power generation module 4. max ;

[0074] According to the Seebeck effect, the voltage generated by the thermoelectric generator module is: U = nα(T r -T l Here, n is the number of thermoelectric coolers in the thermoelectric power generation module, α is the Seebeck coefficient, the actual power generation U1 is calculated based on the maximum average temperature difference data recorded by the controller, and the actual output voltage U2 is calculated based on all the loads R connected to the thermoelectric power generation module 4 according to U2=U1R / (R+r), where r is the internal resistance of the thermoelectric power generation chip; and the actual output current is calculated according to I1=U2 / (R+r).

[0075] If the calculated actual output voltage U2 > U and I1 > I, then controller 9 continues to use air-cooled heat pipe for heat dissipation.

[0076] If the calculated actual output voltage U2 < U or I1 < I, the controller 9 switches the power supply mode to use capacitor power supply. The capacitor ensures the voltage of the powered equipment is stable. At the same time, the thermoelectric power generation module supplies power to the water pump 13. The controller 9 switches the air-cooled-water-cooled coupled heat dissipation mode, turns on the water pump, and circulates the cold water in the tunnel chamber for the cold end heat dissipation of the thermoelectric power generation module 4.

[0077] Cold water flows through the liquid-cooled microchannels on the heat dissipation surface of the semiconductor cooling chip and convects with the heat dissipation fins until the maximum average temperature difference of each unit of the thermoelectric power generation module 4 is restored to the normal value. Furthermore, the actual output voltage U2 > U and the actual output current I1 > I.

[0078] The water pump is then shut down, stopping the cold water circulation and switching the cooling mode to air-cooled heat pipe cooling. Excess electricity is then stored in capacitors.

[0079] The liquid-air cooling coupled temperature control method not only ensures the stability of the system's power generation and improves power generation performance, but also controls the intermittent operation of the water pump by regulating the air cooling and the air-water cooling coupled method, thus reducing unnecessary energy consumption.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation, characterized in that, include: The thermoelectric power generation module includes multiple sets of semiconductor refrigeration chips connected in series. The hot end of all semiconductor refrigeration chips abuts against the tunnel lining, and the cold end is connected to a heat-conducting plate. The heat-conducting plate has heat dissipation fins on its back. The liquid cooling module includes water pipes and heat dissipation fins of a heat-conducting plate, which are sealed and wrapped by the outer shell to form a liquid cooling microchannel. The inlet and outlet of the liquid cooling microchannel are connected to the water pipes, and a water pump is installed on the water pipes. The air-cooled module includes an air-cooled heat pipe, one end of which is connected to a heat-conducting plate and communicates with the inside of the heat-conducting plate, and the other end is connected to a heat dissipation fin. The controller is configured to: determine the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module and the corresponding power supply capacity based on the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all thermoelectric chips; and control the air-cooled module to work alone or the air-cooled module and the liquid-cooled module to work together based on the power supply capacity of the thermoelectric power generation module and the energy storage element.

2. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, All thermoelectric coolers are connected to a temperature sensor, which in turn is connected to a controller.

3. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, All semiconductor cooling chips are located inside the secondary lining of the tunnel, with the hot end in close contact with the outer surface of the primary lining.

4. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water pipes are connected to a cold water source and a water storage tank respectively. When the water pump works, the cold water source travels along the water pipes through a liquid-cooled microchannel to the water storage tank. The water pump is connected to the controller.

5. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air-cooled heat pipe is located on the heat dissipation surface of the tunnel. The working medium inside absorbs heat through the heat-conducting plate and flows to the heat dissipation fins under the action of thermodynamics. Heat exchange is achieved through the contact between the heat dissipation fins and the air inside the tunnel.

6. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control system for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also has an energy storage element, which is connected to the controller and the water pump respectively.

7. A method for implementing liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control based on the system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the total voltage U and total current I required for all devices and sensors in the system to operate normally; By acquiring the temperatures of the cold and hot ends of all thermoelectric coolers, the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric power generation module is obtained, and the actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric power generation module are determined. If the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, then the air-cooled module will remain operational. If the actual output voltage does not exceed the required total voltage U, or the actual output current does not exceed the required total current I, the water pump starts and is powered by the energy storage element, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together.

8. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control method for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together, if the actual output voltage exceeds the required total voltage U and the actual output current exceeds the required total current I, the water pump shuts off and the liquid cooling module stops, the heat dissipation mode switches to air cooling, and the excess power generated by the thermoelectric generator is delivered to the energy storage element.

9. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control method for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The actual output voltage and actual output current of the thermoelectric generator module are determined as follows: based on the maximum average temperature difference of the thermoelectric generator module, the actual power generation U1 generated by the thermoelectric generator module is determined; based on the load connected to the thermoelectric generator module and the internal resistance of the semiconductor cooling chip, the actual output voltage U2 and actual output current I1 of the thermoelectric generator module are determined.

10. The liquid-cooled-air-cooled coupled control method for high-temperature tunnel thermal power generation as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the maximum average temperature difference is lower than the set value, the energy storage element releases the stored electricity to drive the water pump, and the liquid cooling module and the air cooling module work together; when the maximum average temperature difference is not lower than the set value, the water pump is turned off, the liquid cooling module stops running, and the excess electricity generated by the thermoelectric power generation module is transferred to the energy storage module for storage.

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