A multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device

Abstract

This invention discloses a multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding bearing device, including a bearing base plate, lower limiting devices welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, lower semi-circular rollers welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, several lower friction energy dissipation blocks welded to the middle of the bearing base plate, L-shaped grooves welded to both ends of the bearing base plate parallel to the bearing sliding direction, upper semi-circular rollers welded to both sides of the inner surface of the groove, several upper friction energy dissipation blocks welded to the middle of the inner surface of the groove, a bearing sliding top plate embedded in the bearing base plate and the groove, upper limiting devices welded to both sides of the lower surface of the bearing sliding top plate, bearing ear plates welded to the upper surface of the bearing sliding top plate, springs and connecting screws disposed between the upper and lower limiting devices. By changing the structural support conditions, this invention improves the friction energy dissipation capacity and self-resetting capacity of the structure, enabling large-span steel structures to have multi-level anti-collapse capabilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of civil engineering, specifically relating to a multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device. Background Technology

[0002] Prestressed steel structures are a typical form of large-span steel structure, characterized by strong span capacity and good economic performance, and are widely used in large public buildings such as stadiums, airport terminals, swimming pools, and high-speed railway stations. Modern prestressing technology has led to a wide variety of steel structure buildings, with prestressed tensioned cable structures being the main structural form, accounting for 44%. However, prestressed tensioned cable structures have lower redundancy and higher internal energy, resulting in stronger force flow fluctuations due to the failure of key components, and a greater risk of collapse. Factors such as incomplete consideration of structural load conditions during the design phase, component quality defects during fabrication, construction errors during construction, excessive loads during use, and untimely maintenance during operation and maintenance can all increase the collapse risk of prestressed tensioned cable structures. Once such structures fail, they can cause serious casualties and property damage.

[0003] Research reveals that the application of prestressed cable-stayed structures in my country began in airport terminals and convention centers (such as the Shanghai Pudong International Airport terminal, the roof of the Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, and the roof of the main stadium of the Harbin International Convention and Exhibition Center). These structures mostly employ simply supported conditions, meaning one end is a fixed hinged support and the other end is a sliding hinged support. The primary purpose is to release the significant internal forces caused by temperature fluctuations, shrinkage, and creep in large-span steel structures, and to prevent the superstructure from exerting a large horizontal thrust on the substructure. Furthermore, while both ends of a prestressed cable-stayed structure are fixed hinged supports, significantly improving its collapse resistance, this boundary condition allows the structure to generate extremely large internal forces even with minor disturbances. Failure can occur without warning, and the failure of local components can lead to instantaneous collapse. Therefore, this support condition is rarely used in large-span steel structures. From the above analysis, it is clear that the collapse resistance of large-span steel structures can be improved by changing the support conditions.

[0004] Under the influence of strong earthquakes or thunderstorms, critical compression members in large-span steel structures may experience local or overall buckling, leading to plastic strain concentration and causing ultra-low cycle fatigue fracture within 100 cycles, resulting in dynamic collapse. Furthermore, when facing extreme natural disasters such as earthquakes and thunderstorms, large-span steel structures often exhibit insufficient energy dissipation, leading to a large dynamic response and increasing the risk of collapse. Currently, common methods to improve the collapse resistance of large-span steel structures include critical member reinforcement and alternative paths. These methods mostly enhance the static load resistance to progressive collapse. For critical member reinforcement, the location of critical members needs to be identified in advance, and then local reinforcement can be performed using sleeve technology. It is worth noting that the critical members corresponding to different types of large-span steel structures will vary significantly. For alternative path methods, the alternative path schemes differ significantly for different structural types, and even for the same structural type, the alternative path scheme needs continuous optimization. Therefore, current methods for improving collapse resistance are inefficient, costly, and lack universality, lacking a cost-effective, efficient, and widely applicable approach to enhancing the static load-bearing capacity of large-span steel structures against progressive collapse and dynamic instability. Therefore, improving the energy dissipation capacity of large-span steel structures—by dissipating externally input energy, reducing the structure's dynamic response, and altering structural support conditions—is beneficial for improving their resistance to dynamic instability collapse. Furthermore, traditional sliding supports lack self-resetting capability and have a relatively singular self-resetting direction; after the load disappears, they rely entirely on the structure's own stiffness for a small degree of rebound. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention discloses a multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device. By changing the structural support conditions, it enhances the structure's friction energy dissipation capacity and self-resetting capacity, achieving the goal of multi-level anti-collapse of the structure. It can also enhance the load-bearing capacity of large-span steel structures against static continuous collapse-dynamic instability collapse.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding bearing device includes a bearing base plate, lower limiting devices welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, lower semi-circular rollers welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, several lower friction energy dissipation blocks welded to the middle of the bearing base plate, L-shaped slides welded to both ends of the bearing base plate parallel to the sliding direction of the bearing, upper semi-circular rollers welded to both sides of the inner surface of the slide groove, several upper friction energy dissipation blocks welded to the middle of the inner surface of the slide groove, a bearing sliding top plate embedded in the bearing base plate and the slide groove, upper limiting devices welded to both sides of the lower surface of the bearing sliding top plate, bearing ear plates welded to the upper surface of the bearing sliding top plate to facilitate the connection between the large-span steel structure and the device, a spring (SMA helical spring or disc spring) set between the upper and lower limiting devices, a screw device that passes through the slide groove-bearing sliding top plate-bearing base plate in sequence, a nut for anchoring, and several disc springs set below the nut.

[0008] The sliding top plate of the support is embedded inside the combination of the support bottom plate and the sliding groove, and the friction energy dissipation device is sandwiched in the middle. The sliding direction of the sliding top plate of the support is set perpendicular to the direction of the limiting device.

[0009] The friction energy dissipation device consists of several lower friction energy dissipation blocks and several upper friction energy dissipation blocks.

[0010] The upper limit device and the lower limit device together constitute the limiting device, and the lower plane of the upper limit device is lower than the upper plane of the lower limit device.

[0011] The spring system (SMA helical spring or disc spring) installed between the upper and lower limit devices can achieve self-resetting of the structure in the horizontal direction through spring tension and compression deformation.

[0012] The screw device, which passes sequentially through the bolt holes of the sliding groove, the bolt holes of the long groove of the sliding top plate of the support, and the bolt holes of the bottom plate of the support, can achieve the self-resetting of the support in the vertical direction through the force of the disc spring, thereby reducing the vertical deformation of the support.

[0013] Large-span steel structures can achieve significant energy dissipation through friction energy dissipation devices and spring tension and compression.

[0014] Springs, screws, and limiting devices can enable multi-level anti-collapse measures for large-span spatial steel structures.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) This invention can effectively control the horizontal displacement of large-span steel structures. This scheme can release the structural internal forces caused by temperature internal forces, shrinkage and creep, etc., which cannot be ignored in large-span steel structures. In addition, under extreme vertical loads, the mid-span deflection of the prestressed tensioned cable structure will increase significantly, while the supports can still move in the horizontal direction, thus avoiding the upper structure from forming a large horizontal thrust on the lower structure. When a key component (cable or lower chord of the support) fails, the remaining structure can effectively avoid excessive deflection deformation at the mid-span of the structure under the action of springs, screw devices and limiting devices, thereby improving the collapse resistance of large-span steel structures.

[0017] (2) This invention enables large-span steel structures to have multi-level anti-collapse capabilities. When the external load is small, the spring is in normal working condition. During the stress process, the helical spring can reduce the horizontal displacement of the support, which can play a role in improving the anti-collapse bearing capacity of the large-span steel structure. Therefore, the helical spring system can serve as the first barrier against collapse damage of the large-span steel structure. When the external load is large, the screw device is in close contact with the end of the long hole and begins to play a role, which greatly improves the structural stiffness, thereby inhibiting the rapid development of mid-span deformation and thus greatly improving the anti-collapse bearing capacity of the large-span steel structure. Therefore, the screw device can serve as the second barrier against collapse damage of the large-span steel structure. Under extreme loads, the spring or screw device may fail due to excessive deformation. Even so, the limiting device can significantly reduce the risk of rapid structural collapse. After the horizontal displacement of the structure reaches its maximum value, the support condition changes from a sliding support to a fixed hinge support. The structural stiffness will increase rapidly, thereby inhibiting the rapid development of mid-span deformation and buying more time for people to escape. Therefore, the limiting device can serve as the last barrier against collapse damage of the large-span steel structure.

[0018] (3) This invention can enhance the energy dissipation capacity of large-span steel structures under dynamic loads. Because the supports of ordinary large-span steel structures do not possess significant energy dissipation capacity, these structures exhibit significant dynamic responses under extreme dynamic loads such as earthquakes and thunderstorms, leading to a risk of structural collapse. However, the design of the spring and friction energy dissipation device introduced at the supports in this application allows the spring to achieve hysteretic energy dissipation while the friction energy dissipation device achieves frictional energy dissipation. The two work synergistically to significantly improve the energy dissipation capacity of large-span steel structures, effectively absorbing externally input energy, reducing the dynamic response of the structure, and thus improving the collapse resistance of large-span steel structures under dynamic loads.

[0019] (4) This invention effectively improves the self-resetting capability of large-span steel structures. Because the supports of ordinary large-span steel structures lack significant self-resetting capability, these structures undergo significant deformation under accidental loads and cannot recover to their original position or reduce the plastic deformation caused by the accidental load, thus affecting the structural safety and service life. The solution in this application introduces a spring structure between the support limiting devices. The tension and compression of the springs generate a large restoring force, thereby giving the support device good horizontal self-resetting capability. Furthermore, the support may deform due to excessive structural deformation, causing the disc spring on the screw device to generate a restoring force, thus reducing the vertical deformation at the support, thereby giving the support device good vertical self-resetting capability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a side view of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the sliding top plate of the support;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a top view of the sliding top plate of the support;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a side view of the combination of the support base plate and the sliding groove;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a top view of the support base plate and the sliding groove assembly;

[0027] Figure 8 Elevation view of the semi-circular roller;

[0028] Figure 9 This is an elevation view of the limiting device;

[0029] Figure 10 This is an elevation view of the chute;

[0030] Figure 11 Elevation view of the friction energy dissipation block;

[0031] Figure 12 This is an elevation view of a helical spring;

[0032] Figure 13 This is a plan view of the screw assembly;

[0033] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device;

[0034] Figure 14(a) shows the force diagram when the external load is relatively small;

[0035] Figure 14(b) is a schematic diagram of the force when the external load is large;

[0036] Figure 14(c) is a schematic diagram of the forces under extreme loads.

[0037] List of identifiers in attached diagrams:

[0038] Support base plate 1, lower limit device 11, lower semi-circular roller 12, lower friction energy dissipation block 13, support base plate bolt hole 14, L-shaped slide groove 2, upper semi-circular roller 21, upper friction energy dissipation block 22, bolt hole 23, support sliding top plate 3, upper limit device 31, support ear plate 32, long slot bolt hole 33, spring 4, screw device 5, nut 51, disc spring 52. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding bearing device of the present invention includes a bearing base plate 1, lower limiting devices 11 welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, lower semi-circular rollers 12 welded to both ends of the bearing base plate, a plurality of lower friction energy dissipation blocks 13 welded to the middle of the bearing base plate, L-shaped grooves 2 welded to both ends of the bearing base plate parallel to the sliding direction of the bearing, upper semi-circular rollers 21 welded to both sides of the inner surface of the groove, a plurality of upper friction energy dissipation blocks 22 welded to the middle of the inner surface of the groove, and a mounting bracket embedded in the bearing base plate and... The slide top plate 3 inside the slide groove, the upper limit device 31 welded to both sides of the lower surface of the slide top plate, the support ear plate 32 welded to the upper surface of the slide top plate to facilitate the connection between the large span steel structure and the device, the spring (SMA helical spring or disc spring) 4 set between the upper and lower limit devices, the screw device 5 passing through the L-shaped slide groove 2, the bolt hole 23, the long slot bolt hole 33 of the slide top plate 3, and the bolt hole 14 of the support bottom plate in sequence, the nut 51 for anchoring, and several disc springs 52 set below the nut.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the support sliding top plate 3 is embedded inside the support bottom plate and the L-shaped sliding groove combination, and the upper and lower friction energy dissipation devices clamp it in the middle. The sliding direction of the support sliding top plate is set perpendicular to the upper limit device 31.

[0042] The spring 4 is anchored between the upper limit device 31 and the lower limit device 11 by welding, and the spring is in a naturally extended state.

[0043] The lower plane of the upper limit device 31 is lower than the upper plane of the lower limit device 11.

[0044] The screw device 5 passes through the L-shaped groove, the support sliding top plate 3, and the support bottom plate 1 in sequence, and is finally connected to the column or foundation (or directly welded to the support bottom plate 1). Then, tighten the nut 51 until the nut 51 contacts the disc spring 52.

[0045] The working principle of the multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device of the present invention is shown in Figure 14. When the external load is small, its force mechanism is shown in Figure 14(a), which can be described by the equilibrium equations (1)-(3). The principle is that under the action of the dynamic external load P(t1), the sliding top plate 3 of the support will slide to the right. Due to the action of the friction energy dissipation device, friction force f1 will be generated on the upper and lower surfaces of the sliding top plate 3, thereby hindering the movement of the sliding top plate 3. During this process, a large amount of external input energy will be consumed and absorbed, reducing the dynamic response of the structure. In addition, the spring 4 will further consume the external input energy during the tension and compression process. At the same time, since the internal force F1 generated by the spring 4 is always opposite to the direction of movement of the sliding top plate 3, when the external load disappears, the tensile and compressive strain energy stored in the spring 4 can be converted into the kinetic energy of the sliding top plate 3, so that the support returns to the initial position. During this process, most of the energy is absorbed by the friction energy dissipation device, and a small portion is converted into the potential energy and internal energy of the structure. This reduces the plastic deformation caused by accidental loads, giving the structure better self-resetting ability and thus improving its safety and reliability. Therefore, the spring device can serve as the first line of defense against collapse damage in large-span steel structures. It is worth noting that, due to the small external load and the small support sliding distance, the screw almost does not participate in the work, and the Q1 reaction force generated by the disc spring of the screw device can be considered to be 0 at this time.

[0046] P(t1)cosθ=nf1+mF1(1)

[0047] F1=K1Δ1(2)

[0048] Δ 拉1 =Δ 压1 (3)

[0049] In the formula, P(t1) represents the smaller external load, θ represents the angle between the external load and the horizontal direction, n represents the number of friction energy dissipation blocks, f1 represents the sliding friction force generated by each friction energy dissipation block when the sliding top plate moves, m represents the number of springs, F1 represents the tension and compression force generated by the springs due to deformation under the smaller external load, K1 represents the stiffness of each spring under this force state, and Δ1 represents the spring deformation corresponding to the smaller external load. According to the deformation coordination principle of the device, the tensile amount Δ 拉1 and compression Δ 压1According to Hooke's Law, the tension or compression force of each coil spring is always the same and in the same direction.

[0050] When the external load is large, its force mechanism is shown in Figure 14(b), which can be described by the equilibrium equations (4)-(6). The principle is that under the action of the dynamic external load P(t2), the sliding top plate 3 of the support will slide to the right. Due to the large sliding distance, the screw device will contact the long slot and deform. At this time, the structural stiffness will be greatly improved, thereby suppressing the rapid development of mid-span deformation and thus greatly improving the collapse resistance of the large-span steel structure. Therefore, the screw device can be used as the second barrier against collapse of the large-span steel structure. In addition, it is worth noting that due to the obvious deformation of the screw device, the disc spring above the screw device is under compression, which in turn causes the disc spring to generate a vertical restoring force Q2 to suppress the vertical deformation of the structure.

[0051] P(t2)cosθ=nf2+mF2+hT1(4)

[0052] F2=K2Δ2(5)

[0053] Δ 拉2 =Δ 压2 (6)

[0054] In the formula, P(t2) represents the larger external load, F2 represents the tension and compression force generated by the spring under the larger external load, K2 represents the stiffness of each spring under this stress state, Δ2 represents the spring deformation corresponding to the larger external load, h represents the number of screw devices, and T1 represents the pressure generated by the deformation of the screw device on the inner wall of the long slot screw hole.

[0055] Under extreme loads such as strong earthquakes or thunderstorms, or when the load is severely exceeded, the force mechanism is shown in Figure 14(c), which can be described by equilibrium equations (7)-(9). The huge horizontal displacement caused by severe deformation or failure of key components may cause the spring or screw device in the self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device to fail. Even so, the presence of the limiting device 11(31) can significantly reduce the risk of rapid collapse of the structure. After the horizontal displacement of the structure reaches its maximum value, the support condition changes from sliding support to fixed hinge support, and the structural stiffness will increase rapidly, thereby inhibiting the rapid development of structural deformation and buying more time for people to escape. Therefore, the limiting device can serve as the last barrier against collapse of large-span steel structures. In addition, it is worth noting that due to the obvious plastic deformation of the screw device, the disc spring above the screw device deforms more significantly, thereby generating a larger vertical restoring force Q3 to inhibit the rapid development of vertical deformation of the structure.

[0056] P(t3)cosθ=nf3+mF3+hT2(7)

[0057] F3=K3Δ3(8)

[0058] Δ 拉3 =Δ 压3 (9)

[0059] In the formula, P(t3) represents the extreme load, F3 represents the tension and compression force generated by the spring under the extreme load, K3 represents the stiffness when severe deformation occurs under the extreme load, Δ3 represents the spring deformation corresponding to the extreme load, and T2 represents the pressure generated on the inner wall of the long slot screw hole when the screw device is severely deformed.

[0060] It should be noted that the frictional force of the screw assembly is negligible throughout the entire stress process. The friction energy dissipation device plays an important role in dissipating frictional energy throughout the entire stress process.

[0061] Therefore, the multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding bearing device of this application can provide large-span steel structures with greater anti-static progressive collapse-dynamic instability collapse bearing capacity, secondary stiffness, good self-resetting ability and excellent friction energy dissipation ability, and can achieve the goal of multi-level anti-collapse of large-span steel structures.

[0062] It should be noted that the above content merely illustrates the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and all such improvements and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-story anti-collapse self-centering frictional energy dissipation limited sliding bearing device, characterized by: The device includes a support base plate (1), with a lower limiting device (11) and a lower semi-circular roller (12) welded to both ends of the support base plate (1), several lower friction energy dissipation blocks (13) welded to the middle of the support base plate (1), and L-shaped grooves (2) welded to both ends of the support base plate (1). The L-shaped grooves (2) are parallel to the sliding direction of the support. Upper semi-circular rollers (21) are welded to both sides of the inner surface of the L-shaped grooves (2), and several upper friction energy dissipation blocks (22) are welded to the middle of the inner surface of the L-shaped grooves (2). The several lower friction energy dissipation blocks (13) and the several upper friction energy dissipation blocks (22) together form a friction energy dissipation device. The support sliding top plate (3) is fitted with... Inside the support base plate (1) and the L-shaped groove (2), upper limit devices (31) are welded on both sides of the lower surface of the support sliding top plate (3). The sliding direction of the support sliding top plate (3) is set perpendicular to the direction of the upper limit device (31). Support ear plate (32) is welded on the upper surface of the support sliding top plate (3). Spring (4) is set between the upper and lower limit devices. The screw device (5) passes through the L-shaped groove (2), the support sliding top plate (3), and the support base plate (1) in sequence, and is finally connected to the column or foundation. The screw device (5) includes a nut (51) for anchoring and several disc springs (52) set below the nut (51).

2. A multi-level anti-collapse self-centering frictional energy dissipation limited sliding bearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper limit device (31) and the lower limit device (11) together form a limiting device. The lower plane height of the upper limit device (31) is lower than the upper plane height of the lower limit device (11).

3. The multi-level anti-collapse self-resetting friction energy dissipation limiting sliding support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (4) is anchored between the upper limit device (31) and the lower limit device (11) by welding, and the spring is in a naturally extended state.

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