A system and method for reducing dilution losses of blasted ore in an open pit mine

Abstract

This invention relates to a system and method for reducing ore dilution losses in open-pit mines, solving the problems existing in the prior art. It includes a lightning arrester, a solar panel, a camera, a lidar, a fixed pole, a battery, a data transmitter, a data receiver, and a computer. The fixed pole is located at the top of the open-pit mine slope, with a lightning arrester at its tip to prevent damage to the instruments during lightning strikes. A solar panel powering the camera and lidar is mounted on the upper end of the fixed pole. The fixed pole is buried underground in a square trench made of bricks and cement to store the solar battery. The camera and lidar mounted on the fixed pole are angled towards the ore-rock boundary of the planned blasting area at the bottom of the open-pit mine. Simultaneously, a data transmitter for use with the camera and lidar is installed on the fixed pole. The collected data is transmitted to the data receiver via the data transmitter, and the computer decodes and processes the data at the backend, achieving the goal of reducing ore dilution and losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of open-pit mining measurement technology, and in particular to a system and method for reducing the dilution loss of blasted ore in open-pit mining. Background Technology

[0002] In open-pit mining, it is necessary to conduct perforation sampling and testing of ore areas based on geological models to determine the specific ore and rock transport boundaries. At the same time, blasting operations are required for hard ore and rock areas to break and loosen the ore and rock, facilitating subsequent transport operations. However, blasting and throwing can cause a certain degree of deviation in the ore and rock transport boundaries, which can lead to significant ore dilution and losses in subsequent production.

[0003] Traditional methods for reducing blasting ore dilution losses involve on-site guidance from geologists based on experience, using ore color and other indicators to distinguish between ore and rock, and performing rock and ore sorting at the ore-rock boundary. However, this method suffers from drawbacks such as high reliance on manual experience, low efficiency, and poor results. Another existing method for reducing blasting ore dilution losses in open-pit mines involves using a handheld mineral element spectrometer to perform multiple measurements at multiple points in the ore-rock boundary area to determine if the area contains ore. However, because the analyzer uses point-contact measurement, the particle size of the ore after blasting significantly affects the measurement results, leading to high reliance on manual labor, low efficiency, and large errors, thus failing to meet actual on-site requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a system and method for reducing the dilution loss of blasted ore in open-pit mines, solving the problems of high dependence on manual labor, low efficiency, and large errors in existing technologies.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A system for reducing dilution loss of blasted ore in open-pit mines includes a lightning arrester, solar panels, a camera, a lidar, a fixed pole, a battery, a data transmitter, a data receiver, and a computer.

[0007] The fixed pole is located at the top of the slope of the open-pit mine. The top is equipped with a lightning rod to prevent damage to the instruments during lightning strikes. The upper part of the fixed pole is equipped with a solar panel to power the camera and lidar. The fixed pole is buried underground, in a square trench made of bricks and cement to store the solar batteries. The camera and lidar on the fixed pole are angled towards the ore boundary of the planned blasting area at the bottom of the open-pit mine. At the same time, a data transmitter for the camera and lidar is installed on the fixed pole. The collected data is transmitted to the data receiver through the data transmitter, and the computer interprets and processes the data at the back end.

[0008] A method for reducing blasting ore dilution loss using the above system in open-pit mines includes the following steps:

[0009] Cameras and lidar are used to photograph and scan the ore-rock boundary before and after blasting operations. A remote computer uses image recognition and spatial positioning to identify and interpret the ore-rock boundary images and spatial data. By comparing the three-dimensional imaging data, the offset of the ore-rock boundary caused by the blasting operation is calculated, thereby correcting the ore-rock boundary initially generated by the "secondary ore ring" before the blasting operation. The corrected "secondary ore ring" ore-rock boundary is used to guide subsequent ore stripping and shoveling operations in the open-pit mine, reducing ore dilution and loss caused by blasting operations.

[0010] This invention combines image recognition and spatial positioning technologies. By calculating the offset of the ore-rock boundary caused by blasting operations, it corrects the ore-rock boundary initially generated in the "secondary ore enclosure". This reduces the error caused by the offset of the ore-rock boundary due to blasting operations in the existing production process, thereby reducing ore dilution and loss. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention, wherein (a) is a top view and (b) is a bottom view;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 These are the implementation steps of the present invention;

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Lightning receiver; 2. Solar panel; 3. Camera; 4. LiDAR; 5. Mounting rod; 6. Battery; 7. Slope surface; 8. Data transmitter; 9. Data receiver; 10. Computer; 11. Ore; 12. Waste rock; 13. Initial ore-rock boundary; 14. Corrected ore-rock boundary; 15. Blast hole; 16. Free surface; 17. This device.

[0015] This invention is simple in principle and structure, easy to operate, and highly practical. It combines image recognition and spatial positioning technologies, using a camera and lidar to photograph and scan the ore-rock boundary before and after blasting operations. A remote computer then uses image recognition and spatial positioning to identify and interpret the ore-rock boundary images and spatial data. By comparing the three-dimensional imaging data, the offset of the ore-rock boundary caused by the blasting operation is calculated, thereby correcting the initially generated ore-rock boundary in the "secondary ore demarcation" before the blasting operation. The corrected "secondary ore demarcation" ore-rock boundary guides subsequent ore stripping and shoveling operations in the open-pit mine. This invention can reduce the errors caused by the offset of the ore-rock boundary due to blasting operations in existing production processes, effectively reducing ore dilution and loss caused by blasting operations, and bringing higher economic benefits to enterprises. Detailed Implementation

[0016] See Figures 1-3 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a system and method for reducing the dilution loss of blasted ore in open-pit mines. The device 17 mainly includes: lightning arrester 1; solar panel 2; camera 3; lidar 4; fixing rod 5; storage battery 6; data transmitter 8; data receiver 9; and computer 10.

[0017] The fixed pole 5 is located at the top of the open-pit mine slope 7, and is equipped with a lightning arrester 1 at the top to prevent damage to the instruments during lightning strikes. A solar panel 2 is mounted on the upper end of the fixed pole 5 to power the camera 3 and the lidar 4. The fixed pole 5 is buried underground, in a square trench made of bricks and cement to house the solar storage battery 6. The camera 3 and lidar 4 are mounted on the fixed pole 5, angled towards the ore boundary of the planned blasting area at the bottom of the open-pit mine. Simultaneously, a data transmitter 8 is installed on the fixed pole 5 to support the camera 3 and lidar 4. The collected data is transmitted through the data transmitter 8 to the data receiver 9, where a computer 10 decodes and processes the data.

[0018] Example:

[0019] In open-pit mining, blasting operations are required in hard ore and rock areas to break and loosen the ore, facilitating subsequent shoveling and transportation operations. However, because the directional throwing effect of blasting on the ore and rock area is not considered, subsequent ore stripping and transportation operations based on the initial ore-rock boundary would result in significant ore dilution and loss in the blasted area. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the impact of directional throwing on the ore area displacement, and to further revise the initial ore-rock boundary based on the ore area displacement to guide subsequent construction operations and better suit the actual site conditions. The implementation steps of this invention are as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0020] Step 1: First, determine the ore-rock boundary of the Z-direction profile at a certain elevation based on the geological model. Then, carry out drilling operations in the ore 11 area according to the ore-rock boundary. In order to avoid loss of ore 11, it is necessary to drill in the waste rock 12 area around the ore area.

[0021] Step 2: After drilling the ore 11 and the surrounding waste rock 12 area, it is necessary to take samples of the rock powder blown out of the blast hole 15 for testing to determine the grade of the blast hole 15.

[0022] Step 3: Based on the grade of borehole 15, a "secondary ore delineation" is carried out to determine a more precise initial ore-rock boundary 13. The initial ore-rock boundary 13 is marked on-site with fluorescent spray paint.

[0023] Step 4: Adjust the orientation of the device 17 toward the blasting area at the bottom of the mining area, and take the first picture and scan of the blasting area using the camera 3 and the lidar 4 to obtain the image and spatial data of the initial blasting boundary 13. The relevant data is transmitted to the back-end data receiver 9 through the data transmitter 8, and then the computer 10 interprets and processes the data.

[0024] Step 5: Conduct blasting operations in the ore and rock area, and directionally blast and throw the ore and rock area towards the free face 16 to achieve a better blasting effect.

[0025] Step 6: The area to be blasted is photographed and scanned a second time using camera 3 and lidar 4 to obtain images and spatial data of the boundary of the blasted rock. The relevant data is transmitted to the back-end data receiver 9 via data transmitter 8, and then the data is interpreted and processed by computer 10.

[0026] Step 7: Compare and analyze the data from the two photographs taken before and after the blasting to obtain the blasting offset of the ore 11 area, and use this to determine the corrected ore-rock boundary 14.

[0027] Step 8: Finally, based on the obtained modified ore-rock boundary 14, guide the subsequent ore stripping and shoveling operations.

[0028] The invention is simple in principle and structure, highly operable and practical, and its measurement is simple and efficient. It can reduce the errors caused by the deviation of the ore-rock boundary due to blasting operations in existing production processes, which will affect subsequent ore stripping and shoveling operations. It can effectively reduce the ore dilution and loss caused by blasting operations, and bring higher economic benefits to enterprises.

Claims

1. A method for reducing dilution losses of blasted ore in an open pit, characterized by: It includes lightning arresters, solar panels, cameras, lidar, mounting poles, batteries, data transmitters, data receivers, and computers; The fixed pole is located at the top of the open-pit mine slope, and is equipped with a lightning rod at the top to prevent damage to the instruments during lightning strikes. A solar panel powering the camera and lidar is mounted on the upper part of the fixed pole. The fixed pole is buried underground in a square trench made of bricks and cement to store the solar batteries. The camera and lidar mounted on the fixed pole are angled towards the ore boundary of the planned blasting area at the bottom of the open-pit mine. Simultaneously, a data transmitter for use with the camera and lidar is installed on the fixed pole. The collected data is transmitted to a data receiver via the data transmitter, and a computer at the back end interprets and processes the data. The method includes the following steps: Step 1: First, determine the ore-rock boundary of the Z-direction profile of the ore body at a certain elevation based on the geological model. Then, carry out drilling operations in the ore area according to the ore-rock boundary. In order to avoid ore loss, it is necessary to drill the waste rock area around the ore area. Step 2: After drilling is completed in the ore and surrounding waste rock areas, rock powder blown out of the blast holes needs to be sampled and tested to determine the grade of the blast holes. Step 3: Based on the grade of the blast holes, a "secondary ore delineation" is carried out to determine a more accurate initial ore-rock boundary. The initial ore-rock boundary is marked on-site with fluorescent spray paint. Step 4: Adjust the orientation of this device toward the ore and rock area to be blasted at the bottom of the mining area, and take the first picture and scan of the ore and rock area to be blasted using a camera and lidar to obtain the image and spatial data of the initial ore and rock boundary before blasting. Transmit the relevant data to the back-end data receiver through the data transmitter, and then the computer interprets and processes the data. Step 5: Conduct blasting operations in the ore and rock area, directionally blasting and throwing the ore and rock area towards the free surface to achieve better blasting results; Step 6: Take a second photo and scan of the ore area to be blasted using a camera and lidar to obtain images and spatial data of the ore boundary after blasting. Transmit the relevant data to the back-end data receiver through a data transmitter, and then the computer will interpret and process the data. Step 7: Compare and analyze the data from the two photographs taken before and after the blasting to obtain the blasting offset in the ore area, thereby determining the corrected ore-rock boundary; Step 8: Based on the obtained corrected ore-rock boundary, guide subsequent ore stripping and shoveling operations.

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