Titanium-based electrode and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a titanium-based electrode and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrode materials. The preparation method of the titanium-based electrode comprises the following steps: obtaining a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy by using an arc melting method; performing plastic processing on the titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy to obtain a wire or sheet, and then performing vacuum heat treatment and surface treatment; and then repeating the steps of immersing or brushing a mixed solution, drying and calcining for 5-10 times to form a coating layer on the surface of the alloy, and finally calcining at 510 DEG C for 10 minutes to obtain the titanium-based electrode; and the mixed solution is a mixed solution containing Ti, Ta, Ir and Pt metal ions. The titanium-based electrode has high resistance to coating peeling, has a long service life, and can be applied to the chlor-alkali industry, electrocatalysis, electrode materials and the like in the field of electrochemistry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrode material technology, specifically relating to a titanium-based electrode and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The invention of the titanium-based noble metal oxide electrode by Beers in 1968 finally ended the more than 70-year era of graphite electrodes. This type of electrode uses titanium as a substrate, coated with a conductive noble metal oxide active coating; it is a composite electrode primarily used as an anode. Due to its superior electrochemical performance, titanium-based noble metal oxide anodes are currently the most researched type of electrode material for organic wastewater treatment, mainly including titanium-based iridium (Ti / IrO2) and titanium-based ruthenium (Ti / RuO2). Valve metals that can be used as anode substrates include titanium, niobium, and tantalum, but due to cost considerations, titanium and titanium alloys, which offer better cost-effectiveness, are more commonly used as substrates.

[0003] The most important noble metal oxide coatings in this type of electrode material are currently prepared mainly by methods including thermal decomposition, sol-gel method, electrochemical deposition, laser pulse deposition, sputtering, and high-temperature spray decomposition. Among these, thermal decomposition is more commonly used in industry. This method mainly involves coating a salt solution containing a fixed noble metal onto a titanium plate, followed by multiple drying and baking processes, and finally sintering at high temperature to prepare this type of electrode.

[0004] Numerous studies have shown that electrode lifespan is influenced not only by coating quality but also by the substrate used. Currently, the primary substrate is pure titanium. However, in the later stages of electrode use, after the coating peels off and exposes the titanium substrate, the titanium is prone to anodic oxidation, leading to the formation of a dense titanium oxide layer. This causes an increase in electrode voltage, ultimately resulting in electrode failure. Therefore, to improve electrode lifespan, it is necessary to explore the effects of electrode substrates and coatings of different elements and compositions on chlorine or oxygen evolution performance and electrode lifespan. Thus, the development of electrodes with specialized substrates and coatings has significant practical value and application potential. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention proposes a titanium-based electrode and its preparation method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0008] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. By controlling the melting atmosphere and melting multiple times, a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy includes the following components in weight percentage: Ta 0.1% to 8%, Ir 0.01% to 3.0%, Pt 0.05-0.1%, and the balance is Ti.

[0009] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is plastically processed into wires or sheets, and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment;

[0010] (3) The alloy after vacuum heat treatment is surface treated, and then the steps of immersion or brushing mixed solution, drying and calcination are repeated 5-10 times to form a coating layer on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0011] The mixed solution is a mixed solution containing Ti, Ta, Ir, and Pt metal ions.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the vacuum heat treatment in step (2) is 900°C and the time is 1-10 hours.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molar ratio of metal ions Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti in the mixed solution is 1:10:4.9:40060, 30:86:1:3620, 6.3:107:1:4655 or 1:1.07:30.43:3943.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface treatment in step (3) specifically includes: etching the alloy with aqua regia, then cleaning it with water, then etching it with a mixed acid of HNO3 and HF with a volume ratio of 1:1, and finally placing the alloy cleaned with water in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the immersion time is 1-5 minutes; the amount of coating is 5-10 times; and the thickness of the coating layer is 10-20 micrometers.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (3), the calcination temperature is 510°C and the time is 10 minutes.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the alloy raw materials prepared in a specified ratio into an electric arc furnace, and pre-evacuating the furnace to a vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 The pressure is 1.00 to 1.1 atmospheres, and then high-purity argon gas is introduced for melting. The melting current is 100 to 200 A, the melting time is 20 to 40 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

[0018] The present invention also claims protection for a titanium-based electrode prepared by the method of preparing the titanium-based electrode, the titanium-based electrode comprising a substrate and a surface coating, the substrate being a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy, and the surface coating being a mixture of Ti oxide, Ta oxide, Ir oxide and Pt oxide.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The substrate of the titanium-based electrode of the present invention is a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy, and the surface coating of the substrate is Ti oxide, Ta oxide, Ir oxide, and Pt oxide. On the one hand, the bonding force between the substrate and the surface coating is strong, and the electrode coating is not prone to peeling off. On the other hand, after prolonged use of the titanium-based electrode, the surface coating of the pure titanium substrate will peel off due to the multi-metal oxide coating, exposing the substrate and causing anodizing and voltage increase, leading to electrode passivation failure. However, after the titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy substrate of the present invention is exposed, anodizing mainly generates Ti, Ta, Ir, and Pt oxides, forming a new metal oxide coating, which can avoid electrode failure due to voltage increase, thereby greatly extending the service life of the electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0023] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. A titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and performing multiple melting processes. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy comprises the following mass percentages: Ta: 0.1%, Ir: 0.01%, Pt: 0.05%, with the balance being Ti. The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the proportioned Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal raw materials into an electric arc furnace, with a pre-vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 200A, the melting time is 20 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

[0024] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy was drawn into a wire and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 900℃ for 1 hour to obtain a wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm for the electrode.

[0025] (3) The silk material is etched with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3), cleaned with deionized water, and then etched with a mixture of HNO3 and HF acid (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, the silk material is cleaned with deionized water and placed in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0026] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 1:10:4.9:40060; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0027] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a coating layer with a thickness of 10 micrometers on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0030] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. A titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and performing multiple melting processes. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy comprises the following mass percentages: Ta: 8%, Ir: 3%, Pt: 0.1%, with the balance being Ti. The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the proportioned Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal raw materials into an electric arc furnace, with a pre-vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.1 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 100A, the melting time is 40 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

[0031] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy was drawn into a wire and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 900℃ for 5 hours to obtain a wire with a diameter of 1mm for the electrode.

[0032] (3) Cut the wire into 10cm lengths and etch it with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3). After cleaning with deionized water, etch it with a mixture of HNO3 and HF (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, place the cleaned wire in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0033] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 30:86:1:3620; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0034] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a coating layer with a thickness of 20 micrometers on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. A titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and performing multiple melting processes. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy comprises the following mass percentages: Ta: 8%, Ir: 0.5%, Pt: 0.08%, with the balance being Ti. The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the proportioned Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal raw materials into an electric arc furnace, with a pre-vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 150A, the melting time is 30 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

[0038] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy was drawn into a wire and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 900℃ for 10 hours to obtain a wire with a diameter of 2mm for electrodes.

[0039] (3) Cut the wire into 10cm lengths and etch it with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3). After cleaning with deionized water, etch it with a mixture of HNO3 and HF (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, place the cleaned wire in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0040] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of a compound with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 6.3:107:1:4655; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0041] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a 15-micrometer thick coating layer on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. A titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and performing multiple melting processes. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy comprises the following mass percentages: Ta: 0.1%, Ir: 3%, Pt: 0.1%, with the balance being Ti. The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the proportioned Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal, and Pt metal raw materials into an electric arc furnace, with a pre-vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 200A, the melting time is 20 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

[0045] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy was drawn into a wire and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment at 900℃ for 5 hours to obtain a wire with a diameter of 5mm for electrodes.

[0046] (3) Cut the wire into 8cm lengths and etch it with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3). After cleaning with deionized water, etch it with a mixture of HNO3 and HF (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, place the cleaned wire in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0047] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 1:1.07:30.43:3943; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0048] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a 10-micron coating layer on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Pure titanium is drawn into wire and then vacuum heat-treated at 900℃ for 1 hour to obtain wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm for electrodes.

[0052] (2) The wire was etched with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3), cleaned with deionized water, and then etched with a mixture of HNO3 and HF (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, the wire was cleaned with deionized water and placed in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0053] (3) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 1:10:4.9:40060; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0054] (4) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a coating layer with a thickness of 10 micrometers on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0057] (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, and Ir metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. The resulting titanium-tantalum-iridium alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and performing multiple melting processes. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy comprises the following mass percentages: Ta 0.1%, Ir 0.01%, and the balance Ti. The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the proportioned Ti metal, Ta metal, and Ir metal raw materials into an electric arc furnace, with a pre-vacuum degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 200A, the melting time is 20 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium alloy.

[0058] (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium alloy was plastically processed into wire, and then vacuum heat-treated at 900℃ for 1 hour to obtain a wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm for the electrode.

[0059] (3) The silk material is etched with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3), cleaned with deionized water, and then etched with a mixture of HNO3 and HF acid (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, the silk material is cleaned with deionized water and placed in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0060] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti of 1:10:4.9:40060; the raw materials for Ir ions, Ta ions, Pt ions and Ti metal ions are chloroiridic acid, tantalum pentachloride, chloroplatinic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, respectively.

[0061] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a coating layer with a thickness of 10 micrometers on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) Ti metal and Ta metal are mixed and melted by electric arc furnace, and a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and melting multiple times. The titanium-tantalum alloy has the following composition by mass percentage: Ta is 0.1%, and the balance is Ti. The electric arc furnace melting method includes the following steps: the Ti metal and Ta metal raw materials prepared in proportion are placed into the electric arc furnace, and the pre-vacuum degree is <1×10 -1 Pa, and then high-purity argon gas at a pressure of 1.00 atmospheres is introduced for melting. The melting current is 200A, the melting time is 20 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum alloy.

[0065] (2) The titanium-tantalum alloy was plastically processed into wire, and then vacuum heat-treated at 900℃ for 1 hour to obtain a wire with a diameter of 0.1 mm for the electrode.

[0066] (3) The silk material is etched with aqua regia (HNO3:HCl = 1:3), cleaned with deionized water, and then etched with a mixture of HNO3 and HF acid (volume ratio 1:1). Finally, the silk material is cleaned with deionized water and placed in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

[0067] (4) Prepare a mixed solution of compounds with a molar ratio of Ir:Pt metal ions of 1:4.9; the raw materials for Ir ions and Pt ions are chloroiridium acid and chloroplatinic acid, respectively.

[0068] (5) After removing the wire from anhydrous ethanol and drying it, a thin layer of solution is formed on the surface of the wire by brushing the mixed solution. Then, it is rotated and dried, and calcined at 390°C in the atmosphere for 5 minutes. The steps of brushing the mixed solution, drying, and calcining are repeated 10 times to form a coating layer with a thickness of 10 micrometers on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510°C for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode.

[0069] Example of effect

[0070] The failure time of the electrodes prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was determined by an anode lifetime enhancement test. The measured electrode enhanced electrolysis lifetimes are shown in Table 1.

[0071] Experimental methods: Electrodes prepared by Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used as anodes of sodium hypochlorite generators. Sodium hypochlorite solution was prepared in a 3-5% wt sodium chloride solution system. The chlorine and oxygen evolution potential difference and whether coating peeling was observed after 30 hours of electrolysis were recorded, as shown in Table 1.

[0072] Referring to the test requirements and conditions for anolyte lifetime enhancement test failure time in the national standard GB12176-90 "Sodium Hypochlorite Generator", the anolyte lifetime enhancement test failure time of the titanium-based electrodes prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was determined. A 0.5 mol / L H₂SO₄ solution was used as the electrolyte, and the electrode current density was 2000 A / m². 2 The electrolysis temperature was 50℃, and the voltage and time were recorded. Electrode failure was considered to occur when the voltage rose rapidly, and the electrolysis reaction time was recorded as the extended electrolysis life.

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] As shown in Table 1, the electrodes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 exhibited lower chlorine and oxygen evolution potential differences and shorter overall electrolysis lifespans. After 30 hours of electrolysis, the coatings began to peel off. In Comparative Example 1, the exposed Ti substrate after coating peeling led to rapid passivation of the electrode due to anodic oxidation. In Comparative Example 2, the lack of Ir and Pt ions in the substrate resulted in significant fluctuations in electrode potential due to anodic oxidation of the electrode surface after coating peeling, and the electrode quickly became passivated after coating peeling. The electrode prepared in Comparative Example 3 performed worse than the examples, mainly because the coating lacked titanium, making it difficult to form titanium dioxide during calcination. The coating only had a simple mechanical bond with the substrate, making it prone to peeling off during electrolysis, leading to fluctuations and instability in the electrode potential. This invention also explored the use of the same elements in the electrode substrate and surface oxides: for example, a titanium-tantalum alloy substrate with a surface coating of a mixture of titanium oxide and tantalum oxide; a tantalum-iridium-titanium alloy substrate with a surface coating of a mixture of iridium oxide, titanium oxide, and tantalum oxide; a titanium-tantalum-platinum alloy substrate with a surface coating of a mixture of platinum oxide, titanium oxide, and tantalum oxide, etc. It was found that titanium, tantalum, platinum, and iridium have a synergistic effect, and the absence of any one of them will reduce the electrode's performance and lifespan. The lack of iridium and platinum in the alloy substrate or surface coating leads to an increase in oxygen evolution potential and a decrease in lifespan. Only when titanium, tantalum, platinum, and iridium are present simultaneously in the spikes and surface coating can the electrode's oxygen evolution potential be reduced, improving chlorine evolution performance and electrode lifespan.

[0077] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a titanium-based electrode, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Ti metal, Ta metal, Ir metal and Pt metal are mixed and melted by electric arc melting. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is obtained by controlling the melting atmosphere and melting multiple times. The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy includes the following components by weight percentage: Ta 0.1%~8%, Ir 0.01%~3.0%, Pt 0.05~0.1%, and the balance is Ti. (2) The titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy is plastically processed into wires or sheets, and then subjected to vacuum heat treatment; (3) After vacuum heat treatment, the alloy is surface treated, and then the steps of immersion or brushing mixed solution, drying and calcination are repeated 5-10 times to form a coating layer on the alloy surface. Finally, it is calcined at 510℃ for 10 minutes to obtain a titanium-based electrode. The mixed solution is a mixed solution containing Ti, Ta, Ir, and Pt metal ions; The vacuum heat treatment in step (2) is performed at a temperature of 900°C for 1-10 hours. In step (3), the surface treatment specifically includes: the alloy is etched with aqua regia, then washed with water, then etched with a mixture of HNO3 and HF in a volume ratio of 1:1, and finally washed with water and placed in anhydrous ethanol for later use.

2. The method for preparing the titanium-based electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The molar ratio of metal ions Ir:Ta:Pt:Ti in the mixed solution is 1:10:4.9:40060, 30:86:1:3620, 6.3:107:1:4655, or 1:1.07:30.43:3943.

3. The method for preparing the titanium-based electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the immersion time is 1-5 minutes; the amount of coating is 5-10 times, and the thickness of the coating layer is 10-20 micrometers.

4. The method for preparing the titanium-based electrode as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electric arc melting method includes the following steps: placing the alloy raw materials prepared in a specified ratio into an electric arc furnace, and pre-evacuating the vacuum to a degree of <1×10⁻⁶. -1 The pressure is 1.00~1.1 atmospheres, and then high-purity argon gas is introduced for melting. The melting current is 100~200A, the melting time is 20~40 seconds, and the melting is repeated 4 times to obtain a button-shaped titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy.

5. A titanium-based electrode prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-4.

6. The titanium-based electrode as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The titanium-based electrode comprises a substrate and a surface coating. The substrate is a titanium-tantalum-iridium-platinum alloy, and the surface coating is a mixture of Ti oxide, Ta oxide, Ir oxide, and Pt oxide.

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