A periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate and its method of manufacture and use

Abstract

The application provides a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: arranging monofilaments into a column to obtain a plate segment, the monofilament is composed of a filament core and a skin layer wrapped on the surface of the filament core; pressing the plate segment into an integrated body to obtain a blank plate; and processing the blank plate to obtain the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate; wherein the surface energy of the filament core is greater than that of the skin layer; or the expansion coefficient of the filament core is less than that of the skin layer, and a heat processing process is included in the preparation of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate. The application breaks through the existing process and creatively proposes a preparation method of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic surface substrate, the method is simple in process, the prepared periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic surface substrate is high in precision, and has wide market prospect and economic value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surface technology, and in particular to a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates can be used in fields such as microlens arrays and micro / nano powder preparation. The periodic distribution of surface energy of the substrate enables the uniform distribution of droplets, thereby further obtaining the product.

[0003] Currently, periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates are often prepared by coating the surface with a hydrophobic or oleophobic liquid. This method is complex and lacks precision.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to provide a simple and high-precision method for preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, its preparation method, and its application. The technical problem to be solved is how to provide a simple and highly precise method for preparing a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, which is more suitable for practical use.

[0006] The objective of this invention and the technical problem it solves are achieved by the following technical solution. A method for preparing a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate according to this invention includes the following steps:

[0007] The monofilaments are arranged into a column to obtain a plate segment. The aforementioned monofilaments consist of a core and a sheath covering the surface of the core.

[0008] The aforementioned plate segments are pressed into one piece to obtain a blank plate;

[0009] The aforementioned blank is processed to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate;

[0010] Wherein, the surface energy of the aforementioned core is greater than the surface energy of the aforementioned sheath; or, the expansion coefficient of the aforementioned core is less than the expansion coefficient of the aforementioned sheath, and the preparation of the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate involves a thermal processing process.

[0011] The objectives of this invention and the technical problems it addresses can be further achieved by the following technical measures.

[0012] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the diameter of the aforementioned monofilament is 2 to 1000 μm.

[0013] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the ratio of the diameter of the aforementioned core to the single-sided thickness of the aforementioned sheath ranges from 3 to 30.

[0014] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned skin layer minus the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned filament core is 5 × 10⁻⁶. -7 ~30×10 -7 / ℃.

[0015] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, a glass rod made of core material is nested into a glass tube made of skin material to obtain a glass column; the aforementioned glass column is drawn into a filament to obtain the aforementioned monofilament.

[0016] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the diameter of the aforementioned glass rod is 1 to 300 mm; the inner diameter of the aforementioned glass tube is 1 to 300 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1 to 50 mm.

[0017] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the aforementioned monofilament drawing process is one-time drawing or multiple drawing, and the temperature during drawing is 150-2000℃.

[0018] The objective of this invention and the technical problem it solves are further achieved by the following technical solution. A periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate according to this invention comprises:

[0019] Substrate; and,

[0020] Hydrophilic or oleophilic pillars, wherein the aforementioned hydrophilic or oleophilic pillars are embedded in the aforementioned substrate by penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the aforementioned substrate with their axes perpendicular to the aforementioned substrate surface;

[0021] Wherein, the surface energy of the aforementioned hydrophilic or oleophilic pillars is greater than the surface energy of the aforementioned substrate; or, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar material is less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned substrate material, and the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophilic substrate is prepared by a thermal processing process.

[0022] The objectives of this invention and the technical problems it addresses can be further achieved by the following technical measures.

[0023] In some embodiments, based on the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, the diameter of the aforementioned hydrophilic or oleophilic column is 1.2 to 930 μm.

[0024] The objectives of this invention and the solutions to its technical problems are also achieved through the following technical solutions. According to this invention, the application of any of the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates in the field of microlens array fabrication or micro / nano powder fabrication is proposed.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, its preparation method, and its application of the present invention have at least the following advantages:

[0026] This invention addresses the problems of complex and low-precision existing processes for preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates by proposing a method for preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic surface substrates using two different materials. The monofilament in this invention consists of a core and a sheath covering the core surface. The surface energy of the core is controlled to be greater than that of the sheath, thus making the core's attraction to the liquid greater than that of the sheath; alternatively, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the core is controlled to be small, while that of the sheath is large. During the cooling process after heat treatment, the core shrinks less, while the sheath shrinks more, resulting in compressive stress in the core, increasing its surface energy and thus increasing its attraction to the liquid, making the core hydrophilic or oleophilic. Conversely, the sheath experiences tensile stress, decreasing its surface energy and thus decreasing its attraction to the liquid, making it hydrophobic or oleophobic. After arranging and pressing the monofilaments together to obtain the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, the corresponding hydrophilic or oleophilic portions of the core and the corresponding hydrophobic or oleophobic portions of the sheath are uniformly distributed, achieving a uniform dispersion of the liquid. This invention breaks through existing processes and creatively proposes a method for preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic surface substrates. This method is simple, highly precise, and has broad market prospects and economic value.

[0027] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the dispersion results of water on the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate surface in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate surface disclosed in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic surface substrate disclosed in other embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Hydrophilic or oleophilic column; 2. Substrate; 3. Droplet. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, provides a detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, its preparation method, and its application according to the present invention. In the following description, different "embodiments" or "embodiments" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner.

[0034] These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0035] This invention proposes a method for preparing a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, comprising the following steps:

[0036] (1) Arrange the monofilaments into a column to obtain a plate segment. The aforementioned monofilaments consist of a core and a sheath covering the surface of the aforementioned core.

[0037] (2) Press the aforementioned plate segments into one piece to obtain a blank plate;

[0038] (3) The aforementioned blank is processed to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate;

[0039] Wherein, the surface energy of the aforementioned core is greater than the surface energy of the aforementioned sheath; or, the expansion coefficient of the aforementioned core is less than the expansion coefficient of the aforementioned sheath, and the preparation of the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate involves a thermal processing process.

[0040] Specifically, in step (1), the monofilament consists of a core and a sheath covering the surface of the core. The surface energy of the core is controlled to be greater than that of the sheath, thus making the core's attraction to the liquid greater than that of the sheath; or, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the core is controlled to be small, while that of the sheath is large. During the cooling process after heat treatment, the core shrinks less, while the sheath shrinks more, causing compressive stress in the core, increasing its surface energy, and thus increasing its attraction to the liquid, making the core hydrophilic or oleophilic; the sheath generates tensile stress, decreasing its surface energy, thus decreasing its attraction to the liquid, making the sheath hydrophobic or oleophobic. After arranging and pressing the monofilaments together to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, the corresponding hydrophilic or oleophilic portion of the core and the corresponding hydrophobic or oleophobic portion of the sheath are evenly distributed, thereby achieving the effect of uniformly dispersing the liquid.

[0041] When the surface energy of the core is greater than that of the sheath, a thermal processing step may or may not be performed during the entire preparation process. When the coefficient of thermal expansion of the core is less than that of the sheath, a thermal processing step must be performed during the entire preparation process. The monofilament material can be any material that meets the physical and processing requirements, such as glass, resin, or plastic; there are no restrictions here. The monofilament is a cylinder, and its cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction can be triangular, circular, or square, etc. Arranging monofilaments of uniform size into cylinders yields a plate segment. The plate segment can be a hexagonal prism, cuboid, or triangular prism, etc.

[0042] In step (2), the plate segments are pressed to fuse them into a whole, resulting in a blank plate. This can be achieved by placing the plate segments into a melting furnace or extrusion furnace for pressing. The pressing temperature and time depend on the material used for the monofilament, thus pressing them into a single piece. Alternatively, they can be pressed into a single piece mechanically.

[0043] In step (3), the blank is processed by rolling, slicing, polishing and other treatments to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate.

[0044] The method for preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates proposed in this invention uses only two different raw materials and adopts a similar preparation process to traditional optical fiber panels. The preparation process is simple and does not have the problem of uneven coating when preparing periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates by brushing on a hydrophobic or oleophobic liquid. The resulting periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates have high precision.

[0045] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aforementioned monofilament is 2 to 1000 μm.

[0046] Specifically, the diameter of a single filament is determined by its cross-section. If the cross-section is square, the diameter is the side length of the square. If the cross-section is equilateral triangle, the diameter is the height of the triangle; if the cross-section is circular, the diameter is the diameter of the circle. The diameter of the single filament is controlled to be between 2 and 1000 μm. If the diameter is less than 2 μm, the preparation process is more complex; if the diameter is greater than 1000 μm, the influence of other forces is greater than that of affinity / repulsion during droplet spreading, resulting in poorer uniformity of droplet dispersion.

[0047] In some embodiments, the ratio of the diameter of the aforementioned core to the single-sided thickness of the aforementioned sheath ranges from 3 to 30.

[0048] Specifically, if the ratio of the diameter of the core to the thickness of the skin layer is less than 3, the dispersed droplets will be too far apart, resulting in low dispersion efficiency; if the ratio of the diameter of the core to the thickness of the skin layer is greater than 30, adjacent droplets will easily merge.

[0049] In some embodiments, according to the aforementioned preparation method, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned skin layer minus the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aforementioned filament core is 5 × 10⁻⁶. -7 ~30×10 -7 / ℃.

[0050] Specifically, if the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the core and the sheath is less than 5 × 10⁻⁶ -7 If the temperature is / ℃, the surface stress generated after heat treatment is similar for both, leading to similar surface energies and attractive forces on liquids. This results in a limited range of liquids that can be dispersed in the resulting periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate. If the difference in the coefficients of thermal expansion between the core and the sheath is greater than 30 × 10⁻⁶, then... -7 If the temperature is below a certain level, the product is prone to cracking during preparation, resulting in a low yield.

[0051] In some embodiments, a glass rod made of core material is nested into a glass tube made of skin material to obtain a glass column; the glass column is then drawn into a filament to obtain the monofilament.

[0052] Specifically, after being drawn into a wire, the glass rod corresponds to the core of the monofilament; the glass tube, after being drawn into a wire, corresponds to the sheath of the monofilament. The core material is the glass material corresponding to the core, and the sheath material is the glass material corresponding to the sheath. The diameter of the glass rod matches the inner diameter of the glass tube, and the two can be nested together to form a glass column. The glass column is cylindrical in shape, and its cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction can be triangular, circular, or square, etc.

[0053] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aforementioned glass rod is 1 to 300 mm; the inner diameter of the aforementioned glass tube is 1 to 300 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.1 to 50 mm.

[0054] Specifically, if the diameter of the glass rod is less than 1 mm, the preparation efficiency is low; if the diameter of the glass rod is greater than 300 mm, the equipment is limited. If the inner diameter of the glass tube is less than 1 mm, the preparation efficiency is low; if the inner diameter of the glass tube is greater than 300 mm, the equipment is limited. If the wall thickness of the glass tube is less than 0.1 mm, the preparation is more difficult; if the wall thickness of the glass tube is greater than 50 mm, the equipment is limited.

[0055] In some embodiments, the aforementioned monofilament drawing process is a single drawing or multiple drawing processes, and the temperature during drawing is 150–2000°C.

[0056] Specifically, wire drawing can be performed in one step or multiple steps. Multiple steps can include two, three, or four steps. The drawing temperature depends on the properties of the material. When organic materials such as resin are used, the drawing temperature is lower; when inorganic materials such as glass are used, the drawing temperature is higher. For example, when the aforementioned multiple drawing is a two-step drawing and the material used is glass, firstly, glass wire is drawn at a temperature of 300–2000℃, with a diameter of 0.1–10 mm and a length of 100–2000 mm; then, the glass wire is arranged into a prismatic shape to form a multifilament rod, which can be a regular hexagonal prism or a square prism, etc.; the multifilament rod is then drawn a second time to obtain multifilaments at a temperature of 300–2000℃, with a diameter of 0.1–10 mm and a length of 100–2000 mm. The unit wires in the multifilament are the monofilaments.

[0057] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aforementioned plate segment is 10 to 500 mm.

[0058] The diameter of the plate segment is determined by its cross-section. If the cross-section is a regular hexagon, the diameter refers to the distance between opposite sides of the hexagon. If the cross-section is a square, the diameter refers to the side length of the square. If the cross-section is an equilateral triangle, the diameter is the height of the triangle; if the cross-section is a circle, the diameter is the diameter of the circle. The diameter of the plate segment ranges from 10 to 500 mm. If the diameter is less than 10 mm, the preparation efficiency is low; if the diameter is greater than 500 mm, the equipment is limited.

[0059] This invention proposes a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, such as... Figure 2-3 As shown, it includes: a substrate 2; and a hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar 1, wherein the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar 1 is embedded in the substrate 2 with its axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 2 and penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 2; wherein the surface energy of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar 1 is greater than the surface energy of the substrate 2; or, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar 1 is less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the substrate 2, and the preparation of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophilic substrate involves a thermal processing process.

[0060] Specifically, the cross-section of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar 1 can be triangular, circular, or square, etc. The cross-section of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophilic substrate can be regular hexagonal, rectangular, or square, etc. Among them, the surface energy of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar is greater than the surface energy of the substrate, and the surface of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar has a greater attraction to the liquid. Correspondingly, the surface of the substrate has a smaller attraction to the liquid, exhibiting hydrophobicity or oleophobicity. When the liquid is placed on the substrate surface, under the influence of the hydrophilic and oleophilic properties, the liquid will not adhere to the surface area of ​​the substrate; only the liquid on the surface of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar is retained, thereby dispersing the liquid into droplets 3.

[0061] In some embodiments, the diameter of the aforementioned hydrophilic or oleophilic column is 1.2 to 930 μm.

[0062] The diameter of a hydrophilic or lipophilic column is determined by its cross-section. If the cross-section is square, the diameter refers to the side length of the square. If the cross-section is an equilateral triangle, the diameter is the height of the equilateral triangle; if the cross-section is circular, the diameter is the diameter of the circle. The diameter of the hydrophilic or lipophilic column is controlled to be between 1.2 and 930 μm. If the diameter of the hydrophilic or lipophilic column is less than 1.2 μm, the preparation process is more complex; if the diameter of the hydrophilic or lipophilic column is greater than 930 μm, the influence of other forces is greater than the influence of the hydrophilic / lipophilic interaction during droplet spreading, resulting in poor uniformity of droplet dispersion.

[0063] This invention proposes the application of the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrates in the field of microlens array fabrication or micro / nano powder fabrication.

[0064] Specifically, in the field of microlens fabrication, microlenses can be fabricated through the following steps:

[0065] Using an adhesive applicator, a microlens adhesive is applied from the underside of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate provided in this invention to the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, thereby forming a microlens liquid film on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate. The microlens liquid film is then cured using ultraviolet light, resulting in a microlens array on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate corresponding to the surface regions of hydrophilic or oleophilic pillars.

[0066] The application of the aforementioned periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate in the field of microlens fabrication proposed in this invention involves using a coating device to scrape microlens adhesive from the bottom of the substrate to the surface. Under the influence of gravity and hydrophobic / oleophobic properties, the microlens adhesive does not adhere to the surface area of ​​the substrate; only the microlens adhesive on the surface of the hydrophilic or oleophobic pillars is retained. Under the action of liquid tension, the adhesive covers the surface of the hydrophilic or oleophobic pillars, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the formed microlens array. Furthermore, each microlens can be precisely positioned at the corresponding hydrophilic or oleophobic pillar, avoiding positioning deviations and thus improving the quality of the microlens substrate.

[0067] In the field of micro / nano powder preparation, micro / nano powder preparation can be completed through the following steps:

[0068] The raw materials for preparing micro / nano powders are prepared into a solution and sprayed onto the surface of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate. Due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, the solution will not adhere to the surface area of ​​the substrate. Only the solution on the surface of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillars is retained. The solvent is removed by processes such as drying, and the micro / nano powders are obtained.

[0069] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but this should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the above description of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents mentioned below are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, all methods described are methods known in the art. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0071] Example 1:

[0072] (1) K9 glass was prepared into a glass rod with a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 1000 mm; K7 glass was prepared into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 31 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of K9 glass is 76 × 10⁻⁶. -7 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of K7 glass is 85×10. -7 / ℃.

[0073] A glass rod is inserted into a glass tube and placed in a drawing furnace for drawing at a temperature of 750℃ to produce a monofilament with a diameter of 1 mm and a length of 1000 mm.

[0074] (2) Cut the monofilament into 200mm long segments, arrange them into regular hexagonal prism segments with a distance of 35mm between opposite sides, put them into the melting and pressing furnace for melting and pressing at a temperature of 630℃, and fuse them into a whole to obtain a blank plate.

[0075] (3) The blank is processed by rolling, slicing and polishing to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0076] Water was brushed onto the surface of a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, and observed under an optical microscope. Droplets 3 were found to be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate.

[0077] Example 2:

[0078] (1) K9 glass was prepared into a glass rod with a diameter of 30 mm and a length of 1000 mm; K7 glass was prepared into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 31 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of K9 glass is 76 × 10⁻⁶. -7 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of K7 glass is 85×10. -7 / ℃.

[0079] A glass rod is inserted into a glass tube and placed in a drawing furnace for drawing at a temperature of 750℃ to produce a glass wire with a diameter of 0.6 mm and a length of 1000 mm.

[0080] (2) Arrange the glass wires into a regular hexagonal prism to form a primary multifilament rod with a diameter of 30 mm. Draw the primary multifilament rod to obtain a primary multifilament at a drawing temperature of 750℃, a wire diameter of 1 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The unit wire in the multifilament is the monofilament.

[0081] (3) Cut the multifilament into 200mm long segments, arrange them into regular hexagonal prism segments with a distance of 35mm between opposite sides, put them into the melting and pressing furnace for melting and pressing at a temperature of 630℃, and fuse them into a whole to obtain a blank plate.

[0082] (4) The blank is processed by rolling, slicing and polishing to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0083] Water was brushed onto the surface of the prepared periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, and observed under an optical microscope. Droplets 3 were found to be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate. Figure 1 As shown.

[0084] Example 3:

[0085] (1) K9 glass was prepared into a glass rod with a diameter of 60 mm and a length of 1000 mm; K7 glass was prepared into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 61 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of K9 glass is 76 × 10⁻⁶. -7 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of K7 glass is 85×10. -7 / ℃.

[0086] A glass rod is inserted into a glass tube and placed in a drawing furnace for drawing at a temperature of 750℃ to produce a glass wire with a diameter of 2mm and a length of 1000mm.

[0087] (2) Arrange the glass wires into a regular hexagonal prism to form a primary multifilament rod with a diameter of 30 mm. Draw the primary multifilament rod to obtain a primary multifilament at a drawing temperature of 750℃, a wire diameter of 1 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The unit wire in the multifilament is the monofilament.

[0088] (3) Cut the multifilament into 200mm long segments, arrange them into regular hexagonal prism segments with a distance of 35mm between opposite sides, put them into the melting and pressing furnace for melting and pressing at a temperature of 630℃, and fuse them into a whole to obtain a blank plate.

[0089] (4) The blank is processed by rolling, slicing and polishing to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0090] Alcohol was sprayed onto the surface of the prepared periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, and observed under an optical microscope. The droplets 3 were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate.

[0091] Example 4:

[0092] (1) K9 glass is prepared into a glass rod with a diameter of 15 mm and a length of 1000 mm; K7 glass is prepared into a glass tube with an inner diameter of 16 mm, a wall thickness of 5 mm, and a length of 1000 mm. The coefficient of thermal expansion of K9 glass is 76 × 10⁻⁶. -7 At / ℃, the coefficient of thermal expansion of K7 glass is 85×10. -7 / ℃.

[0093] A glass rod is inserted into a glass tube and placed in a drawing furnace for drawing at a temperature of 750℃, resulting in a glass wire with a diameter of 1mm and a length of 1000mm.

[0094] (2) Arrange the glass wires into a regular hexagonal prism to form a primary multifilament rod with a diameter of 20 mm. Draw the primary multifilament rod to obtain a primary multifilament. The drawing temperature is 750℃, the wire diameter is 1 mm, and the length is 1000 mm.

[0095] (3) Arrange the primary multifilaments into a regular hexagonal prism to form a secondary multifilament rod with a diameter of 20 mm. Draw the secondary multifilament rod to obtain secondary multifilaments at a drawing temperature of 750℃, with a wire diameter of 1 mm and a length of 1000 mm. The unit wire in the secondary multifilament is a monofilament.

[0096] (4) Cut the secondary multifilament into small segments with a length of 200mm, arrange them into regular hexagonal prism segments with a distance of 35mm between opposite sides, put them into the melting and pressing furnace for melting and pressing at a temperature of 630℃, and fuse them into a whole to obtain a blank plate.

[0097] (5) The blank is processed by rolling, slicing and polishing to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 1 mm.

[0098] Water was brushed onto the surface of the prepared periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, and observed under an optical microscope. The droplets 3 were uniformly dispersed on the surface of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate.

[0099] Comparative Example 1:

[0100] The difference from Example 2 is that K7 glass was used to prepare the glass rod, and K9 glass was used to prepare the glass tube. Water was brushed onto the surface of the prepared periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, and observed under an optical microscope; the surface showed no water dispersion effect.

[0101] The technical features in the claims and / or specification of this invention can be combined, and the combination is not limited to the combinations obtained through reference in the claims. Technical solutions obtained by combining the technical features in the claims and / or specification are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0102] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, characterized in that, include: The monofilaments are arranged into a column to obtain a plate segment, wherein the monofilaments consist of a core and a sheath covering the surface of the core; The plate segments are pressed into a single piece to obtain a blank plate; The blank is processed to obtain a periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate; Wherein, the surface energy of the filament core is greater than the surface energy of the sheath; or, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the filament core is less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the sheath, and the preparation of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate involves a thermal processing process.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the monofilament is 2–1000 μm.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the core to the thickness of one side of the sheath ranges from 3 to 30.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coefficient of thermal expansion of the sheath – the coefficient of thermal expansion of the core = 5 × 10 -7 ~30×10 -7 / ℃.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A glass rod made of core material is nested into a glass tube made of skin material to obtain a glass column; the glass column is drawn into a filament to obtain the monofilament.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The glass rod has a diameter of 1 to 300 mm; the glass tube has an inner diameter of 1 to 300 mm and a wall thickness of 0.1 to 50 mm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the monofilament involves one or multiple drawing operations, with the drawing temperature ranging from 150 to 2000°C.

8. A periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate, characterized in that, include: substrate; as well as, A hydrophilic or oleophilic column, wherein the hydrophilic or oleophilic column is embedded in the substrate and penetrates the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate with its axis perpendicular to the surface of the substrate; Wherein, the surface energy of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar is greater than the surface energy of the substrate; or, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the hydrophilic or oleophilic pillar is less than the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the substrate, and the preparation of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate involves a thermal processing process.

9. The periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate according to claim 8, characterized in that, The diameter of the hydrophilic or oleophilic column is 1.2–930 μm.

10. The application of the periodic hydrophobic or oleophobic substrate as described in claim 8 or 9 in the field of microlens array fabrication or micro / nano powder fabrication.

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