A precision fertilization and fertilizer preparation method for rice

Abstract

The application provides a rice precise fertilization and fertilizer preparation method, and belongs to the field of agriculture. The rice growth period is divided into a seedling and tillering stage, a earing stage and a filling stage for fertilization, and is divided according to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient requirement characteristics of rice in different growth stages for different target yields. According to the nutrient requirement characteristics of rice in different growth stages, an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer formula is developed, and specific fertilization time is set, so that the rice precise fertilization is realized. Compared with the traditional fertilization mode of the traditional fertilizer, the yield and quality of rice can be obviously improved, and the fertilizer consumption can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and in particular relates to a method for precise fertilization of rice and fertilizer formulation. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent, digital, and automated technologies, precision agriculture has become the mainstream direction for the development and application of modern and future agriculture. Furthermore, as people place increasing emphasis on the ecological environment and health, they will inevitably pay more attention to soil health and the quality of food crops. As one of the most important food crops, rice has always received high attention for its water and fertilizer management. The current state of rice water and fertilizer management, while largely mechanized (e.g., through drone fertilization, fertilizer applicators), suffers from challenges in accurately matching the nutrient content of fertilizers to the precise nutrient requirements of rice at different growth stages. For instance, in most rice-growing areas, commonly used fertilizers are balanced compound fertilizers (with consistent nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content, such as N-P2O5-K2O = 15-15-15 or N-P2O5-K2O = 17-17-17) and urea (nitrogen fertilizer, 46% nitrogen content). Fertilization typically involves one basal application (applied to the soil before planting) followed by two or three topdressings. The basal fertilizer primarily consists of balanced compound fertilizer and urea, while later topdressings mainly use urea, or a combination of urea and balanced compound fertilizer. Furthermore, chemical fertilizers are predominantly used, with very little organic fertilizer applied. Long-term use of chemical fertilizers is detrimental to soil health and hinders the formation of high-quality rice. Furthermore, rice has different nutrient requirements at different growth stages. Therefore, it is necessary to develop organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer formulas tailored to the nutrient requirements of rice at different growth stages, and to clarify the application techniques of organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizers at different growth stages of rice. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for precise fertilization of rice, which can significantly improve rice yield and quality and reduce fertilizer usage compared with traditional fertilizer application methods.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] This invention provides a method for precise fertilization of rice, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Fertilization is carried out by dividing the rice growth period into the seedling stage, panicle development stage, and grain filling stage.

[0007] When the rice is conventional late-season rice, the nitrogen ratio of fertilizer applied during the seedling and tillering stage, panicle development stage, and grain filling stage is 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratio is 20%, 45%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratio is 60%, 30%, and 10% of the total growth period, respectively.

[0008] When the rice is a hybrid rice, the nitrogen ratio for fertilization during the seedling, panicle development, and grain filling stages is 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratio is 15%, 50%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratio is 35%, 50%, and 15% of the total growth period, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, when the yield of conventional late rice is 500-600 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 12 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 4.5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 10 kg / mu.

[0010] Preferably, when the yield of conventional late rice is 600-700 kg / mu, the total nitrogen application rate is 13 kg / mu, the total phosphorus application rate is 4.75 kg / mu, and the total potassium application rate is 11 kg / mu.

[0011] Preferably, when the yield of the hybrid rice is 700-800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 14 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 12 kg / mu.

[0012] Preferably, when the yield of the hybrid rice is 800 kg / mu or more, the total amount of nitrogen applied is 16 kg / mu, the total amount of phosphorus applied is 5.5 kg / mu, and the total amount of potassium applied is 13.5 kg / mu.

[0013] Preferably, the rice-growing region is Zhejiang Province.

[0014] Preferably, the fertilizer used is an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer.

[0015] Preferably, fertilizer is applied once during the seedling and tillering stage; twice during the panicle development stage, with each application amount being half the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium used during the panicle development stage; and twice during the grain-filling stage, with each application amount being half the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium used during the grain-filling stage.

[0016] Preferably, the fertilization during the seedling and tillering stage is performed as follows: fertilization is performed 4-5 days after rice transplanting or 19-20 days after direct seeding of rice; the fertilization during the panicle development stage is performed as follows: the first fertilization is performed 1-2 days after the rice field is dried and irrigated, and the second fertilization is performed 9-10 days after the first fertilization; the fertilization during the grain-filling stage is performed as follows: the first fertilization is performed 1-2 days after rice flowering, and the second fertilization is performed 9-10 days after the first fertilization.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing rice fertilizer, which prepares rice fertilizer for the seedling, panicle development and grain filling stages according to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium element dosage of the above-mentioned precise rice fertilization method.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention divides the rice growth period into three stages: seedling and tillering, panicle development, and grain filling, and further divides the fertilization based on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient requirements of rice at different growth stages to achieve different target yields. It develops organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer formulas tailored to the nutrient requirements of different growth stages and sets specific fertilization times, thus achieving precision fertilization for rice. Compared with traditional fertilizers and traditional fertilization methods, this invention can significantly improve rice yield and quality while effectively reducing fertilizer usage. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This invention provides a method for precise fertilization of rice, comprising the following steps: dividing the rice growth period into the seedling and tillering stage, the panicle development stage, and the grain-filling stage for fertilization.

[0021] This invention divides the entire growth period of rice into three stages: the seedling and tillering stage (from rice transplanting or sowing to the peak tillering stage), the panicle development stage (from the jointing stage to the heading stage), and the grain-filling stage (from the heading stage to the maturity stage). The total amount of fertilizer (N, P2O5, K2O) for the entire growth period is applied in proportion to the seedling and tillering stage, the panicle development stage, and the grain-filling stage, respectively. The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium amounts are all analytical grade.

[0022] This invention classifies rice according to its nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient requirements at different growth stages and yield levels, using conventional late-season rice (relatively low yield) and hybrid rice (relatively high yield) as research subjects. When the rice described in this invention is conventional late-season rice, the proportion of nitrogen (N) applied during the seedling and tillering stages, panicle development stage, and grain-filling stage accounts for 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total nitrogen (N) during the entire growth period of conventional late-season rice, respectively; the proportion of phosphorus (P2O5) accounts for 20%, 45%, and 35% of the total phosphorus (P2O5) during the entire growth period of conventional late-season rice, respectively; and the proportion of potassium (K2O) accounts for 60%, 30%, and 10% of the total potassium (K2O) during the entire growth period of conventional late-season rice, respectively. When the rice described in this invention is a hybrid rice, the proportion of nitrogen (N) applied during the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages accounts for 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total nitrogen (N) during the entire growth period of the hybrid rice, respectively; the proportion of phosphorus (P2O5) accounts for 15%, 50%, and 35% of the total phosphorus (P2O5) during the entire growth period of the hybrid rice, respectively; and the proportion of potassium (K2O) accounts for 35%, 50%, and 15% of the total potassium (K2O) during the entire growth period of the hybrid rice, respectively.

[0023] This invention further classifies rice yield targets based on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrient requirements of rice at different growth stages with different target yields. The rice yield targets are set at four levels: 500-600 kg / mu; 600-700 kg / mu; 700-800 kg / mu; and above 800 kg / mu. Among them, 500-600 kg / mu and 600-700 kg / mu are yield targets that conventional late rice can achieve, while 700-800 kg / mu and above 800 kg / mu are yield targets that hybrid rice can achieve.

[0024] When the conventional late-season rice yield is 500-600 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 12 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) is 4.5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) is 10 kg / mu. When the conventional late-season rice yield is 600-700 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 13 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) is 4.75 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) is 11 kg / mu.

[0025] When the hybrid rice yield described in this invention is 700-800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 14 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus (P2O5) is 5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium (K2O) is 12 kg / mu. When the hybrid rice yield described in this invention is above 800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 16 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus (P2O5) is 5.5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium (K2O) is 13.5 kg / mu.

[0026] The preferred rice-growing region for this invention is Zhejiang Province; the fertilizer is an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer; and the rice varieties include conventional japonica rice and indica-japonica hybrid rice varieties.

[0027] The fertilization method of this invention is as follows: fertilize once during the seedling and tillering stage, fertilize twice during the panicle development stage, and fertilize twice during the grain-filling stage. The amount of fertilizer applied each time during the panicle development stage is half of the total amount applied during the panicle development stage, and the amount of fertilizer applied each time during the grain-filling stage is half of the total amount applied during the grain-filling stage.

[0028] The fertilization during the seedling and tillering stage of this invention is applied 4-5 days after rice transplanting; the fertilization during the panicle development stage is applied 1-2 days after field irrigation following the completion of rice field drying, followed by a second application 9-10 days after the first application, with each application using half the amount of fertilizer; the fertilization during the grain-filling stage is applied 1-2 days after rice flowering, followed by a second application 9-10 days after the first application, with each application using half the amount of fertilizer. Alternatively, the fertilization during the seedling and tillering stage of this invention is applied 19-20 days after direct seeding of rice; the fertilization during the panicle development stage is applied 1-2 days after field irrigation following the completion of rice field drying, followed by a second application 9-10 days after the first application, with each application using half the amount of fertilizer; the fertilization during the grain-filling stage is applied 1-2 days after rice flowering, followed by a second application 9-10 days after the first application, with each application using half the amount of fertilizer.

[0029] This invention also provides a method for formulating rice fertilizer, which formulates rice fertilizer for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages based on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium element application rates of the aforementioned precise rice fertilization method. Preferably, this invention sets the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium application rates for the entire rice growth period based on the rice yield target, then calculates the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium requirements for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages under different yield targets, and finally calculates the composition ratio of each raw material in the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages based on the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium element content of each raw material component, thus obtaining a precise rice fertilizer formula. As an optional embodiment, the raw materials of the rice organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer of this invention include urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate.

[0030] The application methods of the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer for rice described in this invention can be: (1) "spraying", which involves spraying the fertilizer evenly onto the rice leaves and paddy fields in liquid form through a sprinkler irrigation system or a fertilizer spraying device; (2) "fertilizer-with-water", which involves adding the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer into the irrigation water through an irrigation system to achieve fertilizer-with-water; (3) "drone application", which involves preparing the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer into granules and applying it evenly to the paddy fields.

[0031] The technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments thereof. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] In this embodiment, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate were used as raw materials for organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizers to formulate organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizers for different growth stages (seedling stage, panicle development stage, and grain-filling stage) of rice under different target yields. The nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), and potassium (K2O) contents of each raw material were as follows: urea contained 46% nitrogen (N); potassium dihydrogen phosphate contained 52% phosphorus (P2O5) and 34% potassium (K2O); potassium chloride contained 60% potassium (K2O); and mineral-derived potassium humate contained 50% fulvic acid, 50% humic acid, and 12% potassium (K2O).

[0033] Example 1

[0034] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0035] Fertilization standards: For a yield of 500-600 kg / mu, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 12 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 10 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total nitrogen for the entire growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 20%, 45%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [missing percentages]. The calculated nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages were 3.60 kg / mu, 4.80 kg / mu, and 3.60 kg / mu, respectively; phosphorus (P2O5) inputs were 0.90 kg / mu, 2.03 kg / mu, and 1.58 kg / mu, respectively; and potassium (K2O) inputs were 6.00 kg / mu, 3.00 kg / mu, and 1.00 kg / mu, respectively.

[0036] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0037] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are 7.83 kg / mu for urea, 1.73 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8.90 kg / mu for potassium chloride and 0.58 kg / mu for mineral-derived potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O) and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 18.9%, 4.7%, 31.5% and 3.0%, respectively.

[0038] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 10.4 kg / mu, 3.89 kg / mu, 2.69 kg / mu, and 0.53 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 27.4%, 11.5%, 17.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0039] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the grouting stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 7.83 kg / mu, 3.03 kg / mu, 0 kg / mu, and 0.34 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 32.2%, 14.1%, 8.9%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0040] Fertilization schedule: In 2023, rice was transplanted on June 30; 19.04 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 4 during the seedling and tillering stage; 8.77 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 8 and August 18 during the heading and panicle development stage; 5.60 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 6 and September 15 during the grain-filling stage.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0043] Fertilization standards: For a yield of 500-600 kg / mu, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 12 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 10 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total nitrogen for the entire growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 20%, 45%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [missing percentages]. The calculated nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages were 3.60 kg / mu, 4.80 kg / mu, and 3.60 kg / mu, respectively; phosphorus (P2O5) inputs were 0.90 kg / mu, 2.03 kg / mu, and 1.58 kg / mu, respectively; and potassium (K2O) inputs were 6.00 kg / mu, 3.00 kg / mu, and 1.00 kg / mu, respectively.

[0044] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0045] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are 7.83 kg / mu for urea, 1.73 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8.90 kg / mu for potassium chloride and 0.58 kg / mu for mineral-derived potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O) and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 18.9%, 4.7%, 31.5% and 3.0%, respectively.

[0046] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 10.4 kg / mu, 3.89 kg / mu, 2.69 kg / mu, and 0.53 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 27.4%, 11.5%, 17.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0047] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the grouting stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 7.83 kg / mu, 3.03 kg / mu, 0 kg / mu, and 0.34 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 32.2%, 14.1%, 8.9%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0048] Fertilization pattern: In 2023, rice was directly sown on June 8; 19.04 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on June 27 during the seedling and tillering stage; 8.77 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 31 during the heading and panicle development stage; 8.77 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 9 during the heading and panicle development stage; 5.60 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 2 during the grain-filling stage; and 5.60 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 11 during the grain-filling stage.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0051] Fertilization standards: For a yield of 600-700 kg / mu, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 13 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.75 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 11 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 20%, 45%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [not specified]. The nitrogen (N) input was calculated to be 3.90 kg / mu, 5.20 kg / mu, and 3.90 kg / mu for the seedling, tillering, and grain-filling stages, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) input was 0.95 kg / mu, 2.14 kg / mu, and 1.67 kg / mu for the same stages; and the potassium (K2O) input was 6.60 kg / mu, 3.30 kg / mu, and 1.10 kg / mu for the same stages.

[0052] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0053] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 8.48 kg / mu, 1.83 kg / mu, 9.84 kg / mu, and 0.63 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 18.8%, 4.6%, 31.8%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0054] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 11.3 kg / mu, 4.11 kg / mu, 3.05 kg / mu, and 0.58 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 27.3%, 11.2%, 17.3%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0055] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 8.48 kg / mu for urea, 3.20 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.36 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 32.4%, 13.8%, 9.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0056] Fertilization schedule: In 2023, rice was transplanted on June 30; 20.77 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 4 during the seedling and tillering stage; 9.52 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 8 and August 17 during the heading and panicle development stage; 6.02 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 6 and September 16 during the grain-filling stage.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0059] Fertilization standards: For a yield of 600-700 kg / mu, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 13 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 4.75 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 11 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 20%, 45%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [not specified]. The nitrogen (N) input was calculated to be 3.90 kg / mu, 5.20 kg / mu, and 3.90 kg / mu for the seedling, tillering, and grain-filling stages, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) input was 0.95 kg / mu, 2.14 kg / mu, and 1.67 kg / mu for the same stages; and the potassium (K2O) input was 6.60 kg / mu, 3.30 kg / mu, and 1.10 kg / mu for the same stages.

[0060] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0061] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 8.48 kg / mu, 1.83 kg / mu, 9.84 kg / mu, and 0.63 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 18.8%, 4.6%, 31.8%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0062] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 11.3 kg / mu, 4.11 kg / mu, 3.05 kg / mu, and 0.58 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 27.3%, 11.2%, 17.3%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0063] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 8.48 kg / mu for urea, 3.20 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.36 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 32.4%, 13.8%, 9.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0064] Fertilization pattern: In 2023, rice was directly sown on June 7; 20.77 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on June 27 during the seedling and tillering stage; 9.52 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 31 during the heading and panicle development stage; 9.52 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 9 during the heading and panicle development stage; 6.02 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 3 during the grain-filling stage; and 6.02 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 12 during the grain-filling stage.

[0065] Example 5

[0066] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0067] Fertilization standards: When the yield is 700-800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 14 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) is 5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) is 12 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 15%, 50%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratios are 3% of the total growth period. Based on calculations using 5%, 50%, and 15%, the nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 2.80 kg / mu, 5.60 kg / mu, and 5.60 kg / mu, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) inputs are 0.75 kg / mu, 2.50 kg / mu, and 1.75 kg / mu, respectively; and the potassium (K2O) inputs are 4.20 kg / mu, 6.00 kg / mu, and 1.80 kg / mu, respectively.

[0068] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0069] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 6.09 kg / mu, 1.44 kg / mu, 6.10 kg / mu, and 0.43 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 19.9%, 5.3%, 29.9%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0070] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 12.17 kg / mu, 4.81 kg / mu, 7.13 kg / mu, and 0.75 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 22.5%, 10.1%, 24.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0071] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 12.17 kg / mu for urea, 3.37 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.99 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.52 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 32.8%, 10.3%, 10.6%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0072] Fertilization schedule: In 2023, rice was transplanted on July 1st; 14.06 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 6th during the seedling and tillering stage; 12.43 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 5th and August 14th; 8.53 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 4th and September 13th.

[0073] Example 6

[0074] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0075] Fertilization standards: When the yield is 700-800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen (N) is 14 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) is 5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) is 12 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 15%, 50%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratios are 3% of the total growth period. Based on calculations using 5%, 50%, and 15%, the nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 2.80 kg / mu, 5.60 kg / mu, and 5.60 kg / mu, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) inputs are 0.75 kg / mu, 2.50 kg / mu, and 1.75 kg / mu, respectively; and the potassium (K2O) inputs are 4.20 kg / mu, 6.00 kg / mu, and 1.80 kg / mu, respectively.

[0076] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0077] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 6.09 kg / mu, 1.44 kg / mu, 6.10 kg / mu, and 0.43 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 19.9%, 5.3%, 29.9%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0078] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 12.17 kg / mu, 4.81 kg / mu, 7.13 kg / mu, and 0.75 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 22.5%, 10.1%, 24.1%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0079] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 12.17 kg / mu for urea, 3.37 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.99 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.52 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 32.8%, 10.3%, 10.6%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0080] Fertilization pattern: In 2023, rice was directly sown on June 8; 14.06 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on June 27 during the seedling and tillering stage; 12.43 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 3 and August 13 during the heading and panicle development stage; 8.53 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 2 and September 11 during the grain-filling stage.

[0081] Example 7

[0082] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0083] Fertilization standards: For yields of 800 kg / mu or higher, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 16 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 5.5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 13.5 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 15%, 50%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [missing percentages]. Based on calculations using 35%, 50%, and 15%, the nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 3.20 kg / mu, 6.40 kg / mu, and 6.40 kg / mu, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) inputs are 0.83 kg / mu, 2.75 kg / mu, and 1.93 kg / mu, respectively; and the potassium (K2O) inputs are 4.73 kg / mu, 6.75 kg / mu, and 2.03 kg / mu, respectively.

[0084] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0085] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are 6.96 kg / mu for urea, 1.59 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.88 kg / mu for potassium chloride and 0.48 kg / mu for mineral-derived potassium humate, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O) and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 20.1%, 5.2%, 29.7% and 3.0%, respectively.

[0086] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 13.91 kg / mu, 5.29 kg / mu, 8.08 kg / mu, and 0.85 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 22.7%, 9.8%, 24.0%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0087] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 13.91 kg / mu for urea, 3.70 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.16 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.59 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 33.1%, 9.9%, 10.5%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0088] Fertilization schedule: In 2023, rice was transplanted on June 30; 15.91 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on July 5 during the seedling and tillering stage; 14.07 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 4 and August 13 during the heading and panicle development stage; 9.68 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 3 and September 13 during the grain-filling stage.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0091] Fertilization standards: For yields of 800 kg / mu or higher, the total application rates are: nitrogen (N) 16 kg / mu, phosphorus (P2O5) 5.5 kg / mu, and potassium (K2O) 13.5 kg / mu. The nitrogen ratios for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratios are 15%, 50%, and 35%, respectively; and the potassium ratios are [missing percentages]. Based on calculations using 35%, 50%, and 15%, the nitrogen (N) inputs for the seedling, panicle development, and grain-filling stages are 3.20 kg / mu, 6.40 kg / mu, and 6.40 kg / mu, respectively; the phosphorus (P2O5) inputs are 0.83 kg / mu, 2.75 kg / mu, and 1.93 kg / mu, respectively; and the potassium (K2O) inputs are 4.73 kg / mu, 6.75 kg / mu, and 2.03 kg / mu, respectively.

[0092] Fertilizer formulation at each stage:

[0093] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the seedling and tillering stage are 6.96 kg / mu for urea, 1.59 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6.88 kg / mu for potassium chloride and 0.48 kg / mu for mineral-derived potassium humate, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O) and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 20.1%, 5.2%, 29.7% and 3.0%, respectively.

[0094] The application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers during the panicle development stage are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, and mineral-derived potassium humate are 13.9 kg / mu, 5.29 kg / mu, 8.08 kg / mu, and 0.85 kg / mu, respectively. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and mineral-derived potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers are 22.7%, 9.8%, 24.0%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0095] During the grouting stage, the application rates of organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 13.9 kg / mu for urea, 3.70 kg / mu for potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.16 kg / mu for potassium chloride, and 0.59 kg / mu for potassium humate. The content ratios of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5), potassium (K2O), and potassium humate in the organic and inorganic water-soluble fertilizers were 33.1%, 9.9%, 10.5%, and 3.0%, respectively.

[0096] Fertilization pattern: In 2023, rice was directly sown on June 8; 15.91 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on June 27 during the seedling and tillering stage; 14.07 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on August 2 and August 12 during the heading and panicle development stage; 9.68 kg / mu of rice-specific organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer was applied on September 1 and September 10 during the grain-filling stage.

[0097] Comparative Example 1

[0098] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0099] Fertilization standard: The same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as in Example 1.

[0100] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 26.09 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 37.50 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 16.67 kg / mu.

[0101] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea, 37.50 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 16.67 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (7.83 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 10th; and heading fertilizer (7.83 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 8th.

[0102] Comparative Example 2

[0103] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0104] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 1, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0105] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 31.30 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 45.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 20.00 kg / mu.

[0106] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea, 45.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 20.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (9.39 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 10th; and heading fertilizer (9.39 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 8th.

[0107] Comparative Example 3

[0108] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0109] Fertilization standard: The same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as in Example 2.

[0110] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 26.09 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 37.50 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 16.67 kg / mu.

[0111] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea, 37.50 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 16.67 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th); tillering fertilizer (7.83 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (7.83 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 31st.

[0112] Comparative Example 4

[0113] The target yield for the Zhehexiang No. 2 rice variety is 500-600 kg / mu.

[0114] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 2, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is increased by 20%.

[0115] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 31.30 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 45.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 20.00 kg / mu.

[0116] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th), base fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea, 45.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 20.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied; tillering fertilizer (9.39 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (9.39 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 31st.

[0117] Comparative Example 5

[0118] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0119] Fertilization standard: The same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as in Example 3.

[0120] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 28.26 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 39.58 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 18.33 kg / mu.

[0121] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (11.30 kg / mu of urea, 39.58 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 18.33 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (8.48 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 9th; and heading fertilizer (8.48 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 8th.

[0122] Comparative Example 6

[0123] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0124] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 3, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0125] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 33.91 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 47.50 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 22.00 kg / mu.

[0126] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (13.57 kg / mu of urea, 47.50 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 22.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (10.17 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 9th; and heading fertilizer (10.17 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 8th.

[0127] Comparative Example 7

[0128] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0129] Fertilization standard: The same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as in Example 4.

[0130] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 28.26 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 39.58 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 18.33 kg / mu.

[0131] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (11.30 kg / mu of urea, 39.58 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 18.33 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied two days before direct seeding of rice (June 5th); tillering fertilizer (8.48 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (8.48 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 31st.

[0132] Comparative Example 8

[0133] The Xiushui 14 rice variety has a target yield of 600-700 kg / mu.

[0134] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 4, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0135] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 33.91 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 47.50 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 22.00 kg / mu.

[0136] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, two days before direct seeding of rice (June 5th), base fertilizer (13.57 kg / mu of urea, 47.50 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 22.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied; tillering fertilizer (10.17 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (10.17 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 31st.

[0137] Comparative Example 9

[0138] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0139] Fertilization standard: The same nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium input as in Example 5.

[0140] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 30.43 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 41.67 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 20.00 kg / mu.

[0141] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (12.17 kg / mu of urea, 41.67 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 20.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 30th); tillering fertilizer (9.13 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 10th; and heading fertilizer (9.13 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 5th.

[0142] Comparative Example 10

[0143] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0144] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 5, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0145] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 36.52 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 50.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 24.00 kg / mu.

[0146] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (14.60 kg / mu of urea, 50.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 24.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 30th); tillering fertilizer (10.96 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 10th; and heading fertilizer (10.96 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 5th.

[0147] Comparative Example 11

[0148] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0149] Fertilization standard: The same nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium input as in Example 6.

[0150] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 30.43 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 41.67 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 20.00 kg / mu.

[0151] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (12.17 kg / mu of urea, 41.67 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 20.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th); tillering fertilizer (9.13 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (9.13 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 3rd.

[0152] Comparative Example 12

[0153] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is 700-800 kg / mu.

[0154] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 6, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0155] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 36.52 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 50.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 24.00 kg / mu.

[0156] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th), base fertilizer (14.60 kg / mu of urea, 50.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 24.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied; tillering fertilizer (10.96 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (10.96 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 3rd.

[0157] Comparative Example 13

[0158] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0159] Fertilization standard: The same amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as in Example 7.

[0160] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 34.78 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 45.83 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 22.50 kg / mu.

[0161] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (13.92 kg / mu of urea, 45.83 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 22.50 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 9th; and heading fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 4th.

[0162] Comparative Example 14

[0163] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0164] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 7, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0165] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 41.74 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 55.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 27.00 kg / mu.

[0166] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (16.70 kg / mu of urea, 55.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 27.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied the day before rice transplanting (June 29th); tillering fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea) was applied on July 9th; and heading fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 4th.

[0167] Comparative Example 15

[0168] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0169] Fertilization standard: The same nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium input as in Example 8.

[0170] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 34.78 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 45.83 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 22.50 kg / mu.

[0171] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (13.92 kg / mu of urea, 45.83 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 22.50 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th); tillering fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (10.43 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 2nd.

[0172] Comparative Example 16

[0173] The target yield for the Yongyou 1540 rice variety is over 800 kg / mu.

[0174] Fertilization standards: Compared with Example 8, the input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium all increased by 20%.

[0175] Fertilizer formulation: Nitrogen fertilizer type: urea (N content 46%); Phosphate fertilizer type: ordinary superphosphate (P2O5 content 12%); Potassium fertilizer type: potassium chloride (K2O content 60%), of which urea dosage is 41.74 kg / mu, ordinary superphosphate dosage is 55.00 kg / mu, and potassium chloride dosage is 27.00 kg / mu.

[0176] The fertilization pattern involves one base fertilizer and two top dressings. Ordinary superphosphate and potassium chloride are applied to the soil as base fertilizer in one application, while nitrogen fertilizer is applied in three applications: base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and heading fertilizer, with an application ratio of 40%:30%:30%. The base fertilizer is mixed with the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and applied together with the topsoil. In 2023, base fertilizer (16.70 kg / mu of urea, 55.00 kg / mu of ordinary superphosphate, and 27.00 kg / mu of potassium chloride) was applied two days before direct seeding of rice (June 6th); tillering fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea) was applied on June 27th; and heading fertilizer (12.52 kg / mu of urea) was applied on August 2nd.

[0177] The yield and quality of rice in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-16 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0178] Table 1. Rice yield and quality under different fertilization methods and fertilizer formulations.

[0179]

[0180]

[0181] As shown in Table 1, under the same nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium input levels, the rice yield using the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer formula and application method invented in this technology, whether transplanted or directly sown, is 4.15%–7.88% higher than that treated with conventional fertilization methods, with an average of 6.06%. The chalkiness of the rice decreases by 32.0%–40.0%, with an average of 36.1%. Compared with the conventional fertilization mode treatment where the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium input levels are increased by 20%, the overall yield of rice using the organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer formula and application method invented in this technology, whether transplanted or directly sown, is also increased, with an increase of -0.12%–3.41%, with an average of 1.83%. The chalkiness of the rice decreases by 34.6%–44.4%, with an average of 39.1%.

[0182] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precise fertilization of rice that simultaneously increases yield and reduces chalkiness, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Fertilization is carried out by dividing the rice growth period into the seedling stage, panicle development stage, and grain filling stage. When the rice is conventional late-season rice, the nitrogen ratio of fertilizer applied during the seedling and tillering stage, panicle development stage, and grain filling stage is 30%, 40%, and 30% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratio is 20%, 45%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratio is 60%, 30%, and 10% of the total growth period, respectively. When the rice is a hybrid rice, the nitrogen ratio of fertilizer applied during the seedling, panicle development, and grain filling stages is 20%, 40%, and 40% of the total growth period, respectively; the phosphorus ratio is 15%, 50%, and 35% of the total growth period, respectively; and the potassium ratio is 35%, 50%, and 15% of the total growth period, respectively. When the yield of conventional late rice is 500-600 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 12 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 4.5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 10 kg / mu. When the yield of conventional late rice is 600-700 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 13 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 4.75 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 11 kg / mu. When the yield of hybrid rice is 700-800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 14 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 12 kg / mu. When the yield of hybrid rice is above 800 kg / mu, the total application rate of nitrogen is 16 kg / mu, the total application rate of phosphorus is 5.5 kg / mu, and the total application rate of potassium is 13.5 kg / mu. The rice growing region is Zhejiang Province; the conventional late-season rice is conventional japonica rice; the hybrid rice is an indica-japonica hybrid rice variety. Fertilizer is applied once during the seedling and tillering stage; twice during the panicle development stage, with each application amount being half the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium used during the panicle development stage; and twice during the grain-filling stage, with each application amount being half the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium used during the grain-filling stage. The fertilization during the seedling and tillering stage is as follows: fertilize 4-5 days after rice transplanting or 19-20 days after direct seeding of rice; the fertilization during the panicle development stage is as follows: apply fertilizer for the first time 1-2 days after the rice field is dried and irrigated, and apply fertilizer for the second time 9-10 days after the first application; the fertilization during the grain-filling stage is as follows: apply fertilizer for the first time 1-2 days after rice flowering, and apply fertilizer for the second time 9-10 days after the first application.

2. The method for precise fertilization of rice according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer used is an organic-inorganic water-soluble fertilizer.

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