Air path structure, breathing machine and breathing system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of respirators, in particular to an air path structure, a respirator and a breathing system. The air path structure comprises an air-oxygen mixer, a fan assembly and a movable assembly. The air-oxygen mixer is provided with an air path and a first air port in communication with the air path; the fan assembly is provided with a second air port in communication with the air path; and the movable assembly is at least partially located in the air path and is used for controlling the communication or disconnection between the first air port and the second air port. High-pressure oxygen is introduced into the air-oxygen mixer through the first air port, and the fan assembly introduces air into the air-oxygen mixer through the second air port. The movable assembly can block the air path to prevent the high-pressure oxygen in the air-oxygen mixer from flowing backward. Alternatively, the movable assembly can connect the air path, and the air flow introduced into the air-oxygen mixer can be controlled according to the degree of connection, so that the air flow is controlled by changing the rotating speed of the fan assembly, the rotating speed of the fan assembly is constant, and the service life and noise of the fan assembly are not affected by the change of the rotating speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ventilator technology, and in particular to an airway structure, a ventilator, and a respiratory system. Background Technology

[0002] A ventilator is a medical device that delivers oxygen-containing gas into a user's lungs and expels carbon dioxide-containing gas from the user's body, helping the user complete ventilation. Related technologies for ventilators require the introduction of high-pressure oxygen into an air-oxygen mixer and the use of a turbine fan to introduce air into the air-oxygen mixer to obtain a specific mixture of gases for the user to inhale.

[0003] However, the high-pressure oxygen in the air-oxygen mixer of current ventilators is prone to backflow, interfering with the operation of the turbine. Furthermore, when the turbine blower introduces air into the air-oxygen mixer, it usually controls the airflow by changing its own speed. When the user switches from inhalation to exhalation, the turbine blower needs to switch from rapidly increasing its own speed to reducing its speed to zero. This continuous acceleration and deceleration will significantly reduce the service life of the turbine blower and generate a lot of noise. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a gas path structure, a ventilator, and a ventilator system to address the problems that air-oxygen mixers are prone to backflow and that the lifespan of the turbine fan is reduced and noise is generated when the speed is adjusted to control the gas flow.

[0005] A gas path structure, comprising:

[0006] An air-oxygen mixer is provided with an air passage and a first air port connected to the air passage;

[0007] The fan assembly is provided with a second air inlet, which is connected to the air passage.

[0008] An active component, at least partially located in the gas path, is used to control the connection or disconnection between the first gas port and the second gas port.

[0009] In one embodiment, the active component includes a driving component and an active component, the active component being located in the air passage, the driving component being used to drive the active component to control the connection or disconnection between the first air port and the second air port.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driving component includes a driver, the movable component includes a piston and an elastic element, the piston and the elastic element are located in the gas passage, the output shaft of the driver is connected to the piston for driving the piston to reciprocate in the gas passage, the piston is movably connected to the air-oxygen mixer or the fan assembly, one end of the elastic element abuts against the air-oxygen mixer or the fan assembly, and the other end is connected to the piston.

[0011] In one embodiment, the drive component further includes a pusher, one end of which abuts against the piston and the other end of which is connected to the output shaft of the driver.

[0012] In one embodiment, the movable component has a guide portion protruding from the side opposite to the driving component, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide portion gradually decreases from the end of the guide portion near the driving component to the end of the guide portion away from the driving component.

[0013] In one embodiment, the air-oxygen mixer has a first opening that communicates with the gas passage, and the movable component is connected to the air-oxygen mixer and at least partially passes through the first opening and extends into the gas passage.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first air inlet extends along a first direction, the first opening extends along a second direction, and the movable component moves relative to the air-oxygen mixer along the second direction, the second direction being configured to intersect the first direction.

[0015] In one embodiment, the fan assembly includes a noise reduction box and a turbine fan. The noise reduction box has a receiving cavity and a second air port and a third air port communicating with the receiving cavity. The turbine fan is disposed in the receiving cavity and includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is communicating with the third air port, and the air outlet is communicating with the second air port.

[0016] Secondly, the ventilator includes the airway structure as described in the first aspect.

[0017] Thirdly, the respiratory system includes a ventilator, which includes the airway structure as described in the first aspect.

[0018] In the aforementioned gas path structure, the first air port is used to introduce high-pressure oxygen into the air-oxygen mixer, and the fan assembly introduces air into the air-oxygen mixer through the second air port. By adding a movable component between the air-oxygen mixer and the fan assembly, the movable component can block the gas path, thereby preventing backflow of high-pressure oxygen in the air-oxygen mixer. The movable component can also connect the gas path, and the flow rate of air entering the air-oxygen mixer can be controlled according to the degree of connection. This avoids the fan assembly controlling the air flow rate by changing its own speed, thus allowing the fan assembly to be set to a constant speed, avoiding the impact on lifespan and noise caused by continuous changes in the fan assembly's own speed. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a gas path structure provided in an embodiment of this application from one perspective.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher and piston in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 An exploded schematic diagram of a partial structure of a gas passage structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, Gas path structure; 1, Air-oxygen mixer; 11, First opening; 12, First air inlet; 13, Second opening; 2, Fan assembly; 21, Noise reduction box; 211, Receiving cavity; 212, Second air inlet; 213, Third air inlet; 22, Turbine fan; 221, Air inlet; 222, Air outlet; 3, Moving assembly; 31, Driving component; 311, Driver; 312, Pushing component; 3 121. Socket part; 3121a. First slot; 3122. Abutment part; 313. Cover part; 3131. Through hole; 32. Moving part; 321. Piston; 3211. Guide part; 3212. Snap-fit ​​part; 3212a. First part; 3212b. Second part; 3212c. Third part; 3212d. Second slot; 322. Elastic element; 33. Sealing element; 4. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 In one aspect, embodiments of this application provide a gas path structure 100, including an air-oxygen mixer 1, a fan assembly 2, and a moving assembly 3.

[0027] Please see Figure 2 The air-oxygen mixer 1 is provided with an air passage and a first air port 12 connected to the air passage; the blower assembly 2 is provided with a second air port 212, which is connected to the air passage; a movable component 3 is at least partially located in the air passage, and the movable component 3 is used to control the connection or disconnection between the first air port 12 and the second air port 212. By adding the movable component 3, the movable component 3 controls the isolation between the first air port 12 and the second air port 212, and can act as a shut-off valve to prevent the high-pressure oxygen in the air-oxygen mixer 1 from flowing back into the blower assembly 2 when high-pressure oxygen is introduced into the first air port 12 of the air-oxygen mixer 1, thereby reducing interference with the blower assembly 2. When the active component 3 controls the connection between the first air port 12 and the second air port 212, it can act as a proportional valve. When air is introduced into the fan component 2, the flow rate of the air introduced into the fan component 2 is controlled according to the degree of connection between the first air port 12 and the second air port 212. This allows the fan component 2 to maintain a constant speed, avoiding the need to rely on the fan component 2 itself to regulate the speed and control the flow rate of the air. This also avoids the problems of lifespan reduction and noise caused by the fan component 2 repeatedly accelerating and decelerating.

[0028] The embodiments of this application do not limit the connection position of the movable component 3. In optional embodiments, the movable component 3 may be connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1, or to the fan assembly 2, or the movable component 3 may not be connected to either the air-oxygen mixer 1 or the fan assembly 2.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 Preferably, in some embodiments, the movable component 3 is connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1. Compared to connecting it to the fan assembly 2, this simplifies the system structure, reduces the use of piping, and avoids interfering with the operation of the fan assembly 2, thus reducing noise generation. Specifically, the air-oxygen mixer 1 has a first opening 11, which communicates with the gas path. The movable component 3 is connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1 and at least partially passes through the first opening 11 and extends into the gas path.

[0030] Please see Figure 2 This application embodiment does not limit the connection orientation of the active component 3. In some optional embodiments, the first opening 11 and the first air vent 12 may both be along the first direction (e.g., Figure 2 Extending in the DD direction (as shown), the active component 3 extends along the first direction (e.g., DD direction). Figure 2 The first air inlet 12 is reciprocatingly connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1 in the DD direction (as shown). In some alternative configurations, the first air inlet 12 is along the first direction (e.g., DD direction). Figure 2 The first opening 11 extends along the second direction (as shown in the CC direction), and the movable component 3 is reciprocally connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1 along the second direction (as shown in the CC direction). The second direction is configured to intersect with the first direction.

[0031] Please see Figure 2 This application embodiment does not limit the orientation of the fan assembly 2 connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1. Specifically, the second air port 212 may extend along a first direction (DD direction as shown in the figure) to communicate with the air passage of the air-oxygen mixer 1, or the second air port 212 may extend along a second direction (CC direction as shown in the figure) to communicate with the air passage, or the second air port 212 may extend along a third direction (EE direction as shown in the figure) to communicate with the air passage. The third direction is configured to intersect with both the first and second directions and not be coplanar.

[0032] Please see Figure 2 Preferably, in some embodiments, the air-oxygen mixer 1 further includes a second opening 13, which is connected to both the air passage and the second air port 212. The second opening 13 extends along a first direction (DD direction as shown in the figure) and is located above the first opening 11. The movable component 3 is disposed at the junction of the extending directions of the first opening 11 and the second opening 13. When the movable component 3 passes through the first opening 11 and moves in the air passage along a second direction (CC direction as shown in the figure), connecting the second opening 13 and the first opening 11, the air drawn in from the turbine assembly enters the air-oxygen mixer 1 from above the movable component 3 along the first direction (DD direction as shown in the figure) and then enters the air-oxygen mixer 1 along the second direction (CC direction as shown in the figure). With this configuration, the airflow flows vertically into the air-oxygen mixer 1 from the second opening 13 and flows horizontally out of the air-oxygen mixer 1 from the first opening 11. This increases the airflow velocity, allowing the moving component 3 to respond faster, improving the control effect on the airflow rate, making the reciprocating motion of the moving component 3 more efficient, and reducing energy consumption. In addition, this air path structure 100 configuration allows the moving component 3 to be directly integrated into the air-oxygen mixer 1 without the need for additional piping connections. Therefore, it can reduce the size and complexity of the system, which is beneficial for application scenarios where space is limited or where a simplified system structure is required.

[0033] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the movable component 3 includes a driving component 31 and a movable component 32. The movable component 32 is located in the air passage, and the driving component 31 is used to drive the movable component 32 to control the connection or disconnection between the first air port 12 and the second air port 212. The driving component 31 can be electrically driven, magnetically driven, or pneumatically driven, such as a motor or cylinder. The movable component 32 can include at least one of a piston 321, an elastic member 322, and a pushing member 312.

[0034] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the driving component 31 includes a driver 311, and the movable component 32 includes a piston 321 and an elastic element 322. The piston 321 and the elastic element 322 are located in the air passage. The output shaft of the driver 311 is connected to the piston 321 to drive the piston 321 to reciprocate in the air passage. The piston 321 is movably connected to the air-oxygen mixer 1. One end of the elastic element 322 abuts against the air-oxygen mixer 1, and the other end is connected to the piston 321. Adding the elastic element 322 enables the piston 321 to reciprocate in a timely manner, reducing delay and improving the flow control effect. Furthermore, adding the elastic element 322 can balance the load of the external driver 311 in the air passage structure 100, allowing the air passage structure 100 to work more stably. By adjusting the stiffness and pre-pressure of the elastic element 322, the air passage structure 100 can maintain a stable working state under different load conditions. Furthermore, the elastic element 322 can reduce friction and wear between the piston 321 and the air-oxygen mixer 1, reduce the failure rate of the air passage structure 100, and extend the service life of the air passage structure 100. For example, the driver 311 is a voice coil motor, and the elastic element 322 is a spring.

[0035] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the drive component 31 further includes a pusher 312, one end of which abuts against the piston 321, and the other end is connected to the output shaft of the driver 311. The pusher 312 can provide additional support and stability, preventing the piston 321 from lateral displacement or swaying during movement, thereby ensuring a more stable and precise movement trajectory of the piston 321, thus enabling more precise control of the moving component 3. Adding the pusher 312 can reduce the size of the piston 321, thereby ensuring a larger first opening 11 and second opening 13, and guaranteeing gas flow.

[0036] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3Specifically, the drive component 31 also includes a cover 313, which has a through hole 3131 extending through its own thickness. The cover 313 covers the first opening 11 of the air-oxygen mixer 1, so that the first opening 11 communicates with the through hole 3131. The housing of the drive 311 and the cover 313 can be fixedly connected by fasteners. The output shaft of the drive 311 passes through the through hole 3131 and is located at the first opening 11. A sealing element 33 can be added between the outer peripheral wall of the cover 313 and the inner peripheral wall of the air-oxygen mixer 1 for sealing connection.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 The pusher 312 includes a connecting sleeve portion 3121 and an abutment portion 3122. The sleeve portion 3121 has a first slot 3121a, which engages with the output shaft and reciprocates along the through hole 3131 under the drive of the output shaft. The outer periphery of the abutment portion 3122 extends away from the sleeve portion 3121. The piston 321 has a second slot 3212d, and the abutment portion 3122 abuts against the second slot 3212d. By providing the first slot 3121a and the second slot 3212d on the pusher 312, the connection area between the pusher 312 and the driver 311 and the piston 321 can be increased, thereby further improving stability. Furthermore, providing the first slot 3121a can prevent the output shaft from directly contacting the cover 313, thus protecting the output shaft.

[0038] Please see Figure 4 In some embodiments, the movable component 32 has a guide portion 3211 protruding from the side opposite to the driving component 31. The cross-sectional area of ​​the guide portion 3211 gradually decreases from the end of the guide portion 3211 near the driving component 31 to the end of the guide portion 3211 away from the driving component 31. As the cross-sectional area decreases, the resistance of the airflow on the piston 321 also decreases accordingly, which can improve the flowability of the airflow and increase the flow velocity, thus improving the working efficiency of the gas path structure 100. Adjusting the flow rate and velocity of the airflow in the pipe allows for precise control of the gas. Furthermore, the gradual change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston 321 can make the airflow more stable, reducing eddies and turbulence during flow, which is beneficial for controlling the flow rate of the airflow.

[0039] Please see Figure 4It is understood that the piston 321 includes a guide portion 3211 and a locking portion 3212 connected to each other. The locking portion 3212 includes a first part 3212a, a second part 3212b, and a third part 3212c. The first part 3212a, the second part 3212b, and the third part 3212c together form a second locking groove 3212d. The first part 3212a is connected to the side of the guide portion 3211 near the drive member 31 and extends radially away from the guide portion 3211. The second part 3212b is connected to the side of the first part 3212a away from the guide portion 3211 and extends axially away from the guide portion 3211. The third part 3212c is connected to the second part 3212b and extends radially toward the center of the piston 321, so that the axial cross-section of the second part 3212b and the third part 3212c is L-shaped. When the abutting portion 3122 of the pushing member 312 engages with the second slot 3212d, the abutting portion 3122 abuts against the third part 3212c. One end of the elastic member 322 abuts against the air-oxygen mixer 1, and the other end abuts against the first part 3212a. Through the engaging portion 3212, the connection area between the piston 321, the elastic member 322, and the pushing member 312 can be increased simultaneously, thereby improving the overall structural stability of the moving assembly 3, so that the piston 321 can maintain stable movement and response speed during long-term, rapid, and repeated movements.

[0040] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 Furthermore, when piston 321 blocks the connection between the first opening 11 and the second opening 13, piston 321 abuts against the inner wall of air-oxygen mixer 1 under the action of pusher 312, and the first part 3212a and guide part 3211 of piston 321 completely block the first opening 11.

[0041] Please see Figure 3 It should be noted that, since the gas path structure 100 needs to act as a shut-off valve to prevent high-pressure oxygen entering the air-oxygen mixer 1 from the first gas port 12 from flowing back into the turbine blower 22, and also needs to cooperate with the turbine blower 22 to adjust the airflow rate drawn into the turbine blower 22, the gas path structure 100 needs to have good sealing performance between the first gas port 12 and the second gas port 212 to ensure that the gas does not leak during bidirectional control; in addition, the gas path structure 100 also needs to be able to respond quickly to achieve rapid connection or disconnection. Furthermore, the gas path structure 100 needs to have sustained stability during operation and not be affected by factors such as airflow pressure, flow rate, and temperature on both sides to avoid abnormal operation or failure. In this embodiment of the application, by setting a specific piston 321 structure, adding a pusher 312 and a cover 313, and placing the movable component 3 at the junction of the extension directions of the first opening 11 and the second opening 13, the above-mentioned technical effects can be achieved simultaneously.

[0042] Please see Figure 5 In some embodiments, the fan assembly 2 includes a noise reduction box 21 and a turbine fan 22. The noise reduction box 21 has a receiving cavity 211, and a second air port 212 and a third air port 213 communicating with the receiving cavity 211. The turbine fan 22 is disposed within the receiving cavity 211 and includes an air inlet 221 and an air outlet 222. The air inlet 221 communicates with the third air port 213, and the air outlet 222 communicates with the second air port 212. The noise reduction box 21 can reduce the noise of the turbine fan 22 and protect the turbine fan 22.

[0043] Furthermore, the gas path structure 100 also includes a temperature sensor 4, which is electrically connected to the turbine fan 22. The temperature sensor 4 is used to detect the airflow temperature at the air outlet 222 of the turbine fan 22, so as to control the turbine fan 22 to stop running when the airflow temperature exceeds the preset temperature. On the one hand, it protects the turbine fan 22 from overheating, and on the other hand, it prevents the overheated gas it delivers from causing damage to the user.

[0044] Secondly, this application also provides a ventilator. The ventilator includes an airway structure 100, which is the airway structure 100 described above. The ventilator provided in this application has all the technical effects of the airway structure 100.

[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a respiratory system. This respiratory system includes a ventilator and other medical devices, such as nebulizers and imaging devices, which can work in conjunction with the ventilator to provide treatment to the user.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0047] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0050] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0051] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0052] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gas path structure, characterized in that, include: An air-oxygen mixer is provided with an air passage and a first air port connected to the air passage; The fan assembly is provided with a second air port, which is connected to the air passage, and the fan assembly is configured to maintain a constant speed. An active component, at least partially located in the gas path, is used to control the connection or disconnection between the first gas port and the second gas port; The air-oxygen mixer is provided with a first opening, which is connected to the gas passage. The movable component is connected to the air-oxygen mixer and at least partially passes through the first opening and extends into the gas passage. The first air inlet extends along a first direction, the first opening extends along a second direction, the movable component moves relative to the air-oxygen mixer along the second direction, and the second direction is configured to intersect with the first direction; The air-oxygen mixer further includes a second opening, which is connected to both the gas passage and the second gas inlet. The second opening extends along a first direction and is located above the first opening. The active component includes a driving component and a movable component. The driving component includes a driver, and the movable component includes a piston and an elastic element. The piston and the elastic element are located in the air passage and are disposed at the junction of the extension directions of the first opening and the second opening. The output shaft of the driver is connected to the piston for driving the piston to reciprocate in the air passage. The piston is movably connected to the air-oxygen mixer or the fan assembly. The driving component further includes a pushing member, which includes a connected sleeve portion and an abutting portion. The sleeve portion is provided with a first slot, which engages with the output shaft of the driver. The outer periphery of the abutting portion extends away from the sleeve portion. The piston includes a guide portion and a snap-fit ​​portion connected to each other. The snap-fit ​​portion includes a first part, a second part, and a third part. The first part, the second part, and the third part together form a second snap-fit ​​groove. The abutment portion snaps into the second snap-fit ​​groove. One end of the elastic member abuts against the air-oxygen mixer, and the other end abuts against the first part. The first part is connected to the side of the guide portion near the abutment portion and extends radially away from the guide portion. The second part is connected to the side of the first part away from the guide portion and extends axially away from the guide portion. The third part is connected to the second part and extends radially toward the center of the piston.

2. The gas path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable component has a guide portion protruding from the side opposite to the driving component, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide portion gradually decreases from the end of the guide portion near the driving component to the end of the guide portion away from the driving component.

3. The gas path structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan assembly includes a noise reduction box and a turbine fan. The noise reduction box has a receiving cavity and a second air port and a third air port communicating with the receiving cavity. The turbine fan is located in the receiving cavity and includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The air inlet is communicating with the third air port, and the air outlet is communicating with the second air port.

4. A ventilator, characterized in that, The ventilator includes the airway structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. A respiratory system, characterized in that, The respiratory system includes a ventilator, which includes the airway structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 4.

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