An asymmetric body structure and machining center

Abstract

The application discloses an asymmetric main body structure, which comprises a horizontally arranged second platform, a main column and a vice column fixedly arranged on the second platform at intervals, a slide saddle arranged on the side of the main column facing the vice column, a first Y-axis assembly arranged on the slide saddle and used for driving the slide saddle to move vertically along the Y-axis direction, a cross beam fixedly arranged between the main column and the vice column, the cross beam being arranged on the side of the slide saddle away from the second platform, a slide saddle saddle arranged on the slide saddle and used for driving the slide saddle saddle to move horizontally along the Z-axis direction, and a main shaft arranged on the slide saddle saddle and used for moving along the Z-axis direction. The slide saddle is hung on the main column, the main shaft is prevented from being excessively long, the main column, the vice column and the cross beam can reduce the deformation of the main column, and therefore the rigidity of the structure is improved. The application further discloses two machining centers with the asymmetric main body structure, which can meet five-axis machining. The application further discloses a machining center with the asymmetric main body structure, which can meet four-axis machining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining equipment technology, and in particular to an asymmetric main structure and machining center. Background Technology

[0002] A machining center (abbreviated as CNC, short for Computerized Numerical Control) is a highly automated, multi-functional CNC machine tool equipped with a tool magazine and automatic tool changer. A horizontal machining center refers to a machining center with a horizontal spindle. Compared to a vertical machining center, a horizontal machining center has easier chip removal during machining, which is advantageous, but it has a more complex structure and is more expensive.

[0003] Most existing horizontal machining centers adopt a single-column, double-swivel-head structure, or a combination of a single swivel-head and a rotary table. The swivel-head structure extends beyond the single column, which, in order to achieve a larger machining range, results in excessive overhang. This causes the center of gravity of the swivel-head, spindle, and single column as a whole to shift outward, leading to poor structural rigidity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an asymmetrical main structure and machining center to solve the technical problem of poor structural rigidity in existing single-column horizontal machining centers.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] An asymmetrical main structure includes a horizontally arranged second platform, on which a main column and a secondary column are fixedly spaced. The side of the main column facing the secondary column is provided with a saddle and a first Y-axis assembly that drives the saddle to move vertically along the Y-axis. A crossbeam is fixed between the main column and the secondary column, and the crossbeam is located on the side of the saddle away from the second platform. The saddle is provided with a ram and a Z-axis assembly that drives the ram to move horizontally along the Z-axis. The ram is provided with a main shaft arranged along the Z-axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the main column includes a main support column and a first side support column. The main support column is opposite to the secondary column and its upper end is connected by a crossbeam. The first side support column is fixed on the side of the main support column facing the spindle machining area along the Z-axis. The first Y-axis assembly is mounted on the first side support column along the Y-axis.

[0008] Furthermore, the main column also includes a second side support column, which is fixed on the side of the main support column away from the first side support column; a second Y-axis assembly is provided on the second side support column.

[0009] Furthermore, the first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis lead screw module and a first Y-axis linear guide.

[0010] Furthermore, the first Y-axis lead screw module adopts a hollow-cooled lead screw and a hollow-cooled motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis linear motor module and a first Y-axis linear guide.

[0012] Furthermore, the first Y-axis linear motor module is equipped with a cooling device.

[0013] Furthermore, the Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis lead screw module and a Z-axis linear guide.

[0014] Furthermore, a tool magazine is installed on the outer wall of the sub-column, and a tool changing robot is installed on the tool magazine for changing tools.

[0015] A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure includes an asymmetrical main structure and a first platform disposed on a second platform located on one side of the spindle machining area. The first platform is provided with a cradle and an X-axis assembly that drives the cradle to move horizontally along the X-axis direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide.

[0017] Furthermore, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor module and a second X-axis linear guide.

[0018] Furthermore, the X-axis assembly includes a base and two sets of X-axis linear motor modules; the base is provided with two inclined surfaces symmetrical to the vertical plumb surface in the X-axis direction, with the inclined surfaces and the vertical plumb surface having an angle of 45°; the two sets of X-axis linear motor modules are respectively located on the two inclined surfaces, and the levitation magnetic force direction of the X-axis linear motor modules is perpendicular to the inclined surfaces.

[0019] A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure includes an asymmetrical main structure and a first platform disposed on one side of the spindle machining area of ​​a second platform. The first platform is provided with a double rotary table, which includes a first rotary table and a second rotary table. The rotation axis of the first rotary table is the B-axis, which is set along the Y-axis direction. The rotation axis of the second rotary table is the C-axis, which is set along the Z-axis direction. The first platform is also provided with an X-axis assembly for driving the first rotary table to move horizontally along the X-axis direction. The second rotary table is disposed on the first rotary table and rotates around the C-axis.

[0020] Furthermore, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide.

[0021] Furthermore, the first platform is equipped with a spiral chip removal device.

[0022] Furthermore, a chain-plate chip conveyor is installed at one end of the first platform.

[0023] A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure includes an asymmetrical main structure and a first platform disposed on a second platform located on one side of the spindle machining area. The first platform is provided with a CNC rotary table and an X-axis assembly for driving the CNC rotary table to move horizontally along the X-axis direction.

[0024] Furthermore, the machining center also includes a paper belt filter.

[0025] Furthermore, shims are installed under both the first and second platforms.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] First, the present invention provides a sliding saddle on the side of the main column, and a sliding bolster on the side of the sliding saddle. The main shaft is located at the front end of the sliding bolster. The main shaft is driven by the sliding bolster, which avoids the center of gravity of the main shaft being located outside the fixed structure, thereby improving the rigidity of the main shaft. The single column is changed to a portal column composed of a main column, a secondary column and a crossbeam. The secondary column plays an auxiliary supporting role for the main column, which can reduce the deformation of the main column and improve the rigidity of the structure.

[0028] Secondly, this invention changes the five-axis solution from a double-swivel head to a cradle-based five-axis solution, avoiding the excessive spindle overhang caused by adding a swivel structure, which helps to improve the rigidity of the spindle; and the cradle itself has good rigidity, and the machining center formed by the combination of the cradle and the asymmetrical main structure can meet the machining requirements of large cutting forces and large torques.

[0029] Third, the machining center formed by combining the dual rotary tables with the asymmetrical main structure of the present invention is suitable for machining small-sized parts because the volume and weight of the dual rotary tables are relatively small; and it is also beneficial for the drive structure to achieve high-speed drive.

[0030] Fourth, the four-axis machining center formed by combining the CNC rotary table and the asymmetrical main structure of the present invention can realize multi-face machining of large-sized parts. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machining center with an asymmetric main body structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machining center with an asymmetric main body structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of an asymmetric main structure assembly comprising a main column, a secondary column, a crossbeam, a first Y-axis assembly, and a second Y-axis assembly, as disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main column of an asymmetrical main structure disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary columns and crossbeams of an asymmetrical main structure disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of an asymmetric main structure assembly of a saddle, slide block, spindle and Z-axis component disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an asymmetric main structure slide saddle and Z-axis assembly disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of an asymmetric main structure assembly comprising a main column, a first Y-axis component, and a second Y-axis component, as disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of an asymmetric main structure slide saddle and Z-axis assembly disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first platform, second platform, and X-axis component assembly of a machining center with an asymmetrical main structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machining center cradle and pallet assembly with an asymmetrical main structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machining center cradle with an asymmetrical main body structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a machining center pallet seat with an asymmetrical main body structure disclosed in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first platform, second platform, and X-axis component assembly of a machining center with an asymmetrical main structure disclosed in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a machining center with an asymmetric main structure disclosed in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a machining center with an asymmetric main structure disclosed in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

[0048] 11. First platform; 12. Second platform;

[0049] 21. First X-axis guide rail; 22. X-axis lead screw; 23. X-axis motor; 24. Second X-axis guide rail; 25. X-axis linear motor module; 26. Base; 27. Third X-axis guide rail;

[0050] 31. Cradle; 32. Support plate; 33. Double turntable; 34. CNC turntable; 41. Main column; 411. Main support column; 412. First side support column; 413. Second side support column; 42. Secondary column; 43. Crossbeam;

[0051] 51. First Y-axis guide rail; 52. First Y-axis lead screw; 53. First Y-axis motor; 54. Second Y-axis guide rail; 55. Second Y-axis lead screw; 56. Second Y-axis motor; 57. First Y-axis linear motor module; 58. Second Y-axis linear motor module;

[0052] 6. Saddle; 71. Z-axis guide rail; 72. Z-axis lead screw; 73. Z-axis motor; 74. Z-axis linear motor module;

[0053] 8. Slide; 9. Spindle; 101. Tool magazine; 102. Tool changer; 20. Spiral chip conveyor; 30. Paper tape filter; 40. Shim; 50. Electrical cabinet; 60. Control box; 70. Z-shaped protective cover; 80. Chain plate chip conveyor. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] An asymmetrical main structure, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes a horizontally positioned second platform 12. A main column 41 and a secondary column 42 are fixedly mounted on the second platform 12 at intervals. The main column 41 and the secondary column 42 are vertically fixed at their two edges along the width direction of the second platform 12. A sliding saddle 6 and a first Y-axis assembly driving the sliding saddle 6 to move vertically along the Y-axis are provided on the side of the main column 41 facing the secondary column 42. The height direction of the main column 41 is along the Y-axis. A crossbeam 43 is fixed between the main column 41 and the secondary column 42. The crossbeam 43 is located on the side of the sliding saddle 6 away from the second platform 12, i.e., the crossbeam 43 is fixed at the upper end of the main column 41 and the secondary column 42. A slide bolster 8 and a Z-axis assembly driving the slide bolster 8 to move horizontally along the Z-axis are provided on the sliding saddle 6. The length direction of the second platform 12 is along the Z-axis. The slide bolster 8 is located on the side of the sliding saddle 6 away from the main column 41. A main shaft 9 is provided on the slide bolster 8 along the Z-axis, located at one end of the slide bolster 8 along the Z-axis.

[0057] A saddle 6 is installed on the side of the main column 41 facing the secondary column 42, and a bolster 8 is installed on the side of the saddle 6. The main shaft 9 is located at the front end of the bolster 8, and the bolster 8 drives the main shaft 9, preventing the center of gravity of the main shaft 9 from being outside the fixed structure, i.e., the bolster 8, thus improving the rigidity of the main shaft 9. Furthermore, the cradle-type five-axis solution overcomes the problem of insufficient torque in the direct-drive motor-driven oscillating head, meeting the requirements of large cutting forces and large torques. The single column is replaced with a portal column composed of the main column 41, the secondary column 42, and the crossbeam 43. The secondary column 42 provides auxiliary support for the main column 41, reducing the deformation of the main column 41 and improving the rigidity of the structure.

[0058] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the main column 41 includes a main support column 411 and a first side support column 412. The main support column 411 is opposite to the secondary column 42 and its upper end is connected by a crossbeam 43. The first side support column 412 is fixed to the main support column 411 on the side facing the spindle machining area along the Z-axis. The first Y-axis assembly is mounted on the first side support column 412 along the Y-axis. The slide saddle 6 is mounted on the first side support column 412. The first side support column 412 can support the slide saddle 6, which increases the length of the slide saddle 6 and avoids overhang, improving the stroke of the Z-axis assembly and the rigidity of the slide saddle 6, thereby achieving reliable support for the slide ram 8 and the spindle 9 by the slide saddle 6. Therefore, the structure of the main column 41 increases the machining area of ​​the machining center and the Z-axis stroke of the spindle 9, thereby increasing the range of machinable part sizes.

[0059] Preferably, the main column 41 further includes a second side support column 413, which is fixed on the side of the main support column 411 away from the first side support column 412. The main support column 411, the first side support column 412, and the second side support column 413 are an integral structure, which improves the rigidity of the main column 41 structure. The second side support column 413 is provided with a second Y-axis assembly, which provides auxiliary support for the slide saddle 6 and further improves the rigidity of the slide saddle 6.

[0060] Specifically, the secondary column 42 and the crossbeam 43 are integrally machined, and the crossbeam 43 is fixedly connected to the main support column 411 by bolts. The main support column 411, the secondary column 42, and the crossbeam 43 form a portal column, and the main column 41 and the secondary column 42 form an asymmetrical structure. Compared with the moving beam structure that supports the main spindle 9 and allows the main spindle 9 to achieve a long stroke, the main column 41 and the secondary column 42 do not require a drive structure between them and the second platform 12, allowing the main spindle 9 to descend to a position closer to the second platform 12. Furthermore, the first Y-axis assembly and the second Y-axis assembly are respectively installed on the first side support column 412 and the second side support column 413, allowing the power source to extend out of the crossbeam 43 without occupying the space below the crossbeam 43 on the main support column 411. Therefore, the first Y-axis assembly and the second Y-axis assembly can make full use of the vertical space, increasing the stroke of the main spindle 9 along the Y-axis direction. This structure also facilitates the installation and debugging of the first Y-axis assembly and the second Y-axis assembly.

[0061] Preferably, the first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis lead screw module and a first Y-axis linear guide. The first Y-axis lead screw module includes a first Y-axis lead screw 52, ​​a first Y-axis lead screw nut, and a first Y-axis motor 53. The first Y-axis motor 53 drives the first Y-axis lead screw 52 to rotate, and the first Y-axis lead screw nut and the first Y-axis lead screw 52 are connected by a helical transmission. The first Y-axis lead screw module drives the slide saddle 6 to move up and down. The first Y-axis linear guide includes a first Y-axis guide rail 51 and a first Y-axis slider. The first Y-axis slider cooperates with the first Y-axis guide rail 51 to guide the slide saddle 6.

[0062] Specifically, the first Y-axis guide rail 51 and the first Y-axis lead screw 52 are vertically arranged on the side of the first side support column 412, and the first Y-axis lead screw nut and the first Y-axis slider are fixed on the slide saddle 6, which reduces the weight of the slide saddle 6 and helps the slide saddle 6 to overcome gravity under the drive of the first Y-axis lead screw module.

[0063] Specifically, the first Y-axis linear guide includes two first Y-axis guide rails 51 and multiple first Y-axis sliders, and the first Y-axis lead screw module includes multiple first Y-axis lead screw nuts. The first Y-axis lead screw 52 is located in the area sandwiched between the two first Y-axis guide rails 51. Since the end of the slide saddle 6 near the spindle 9 is greatly affected by the cutting force and is prone to vibration, the two first Y-axis guide rails 51 are set to support and guide the slide saddle 6, thereby improving the rigidity and motion accuracy of the slide saddle 6.

[0064] Specifically, the second Y-axis assembly includes a second Y-axis lead screw module and a second Y-axis linear guide. The second Y-axis lead screw module includes a second Y-axis lead screw 55, a second Y-axis lead screw nut, and a second Y-axis motor 56. The second Y-axis motor 56 drives the second Y-axis lead screw 55 to rotate, and the second Y-axis lead screw nut and the second Y-axis lead screw 55 are connected by a helical drive. The second Y-axis lead screw module and the first Y-axis lead screw module synchronously drive the slide saddle 6 to move up and down. The second Y-axis linear guide includes a second Y-axis guide rail 54 and a second Y-axis slider. The second Y-axis slider cooperates with the second Y-axis guide rail 54 to guide the slide saddle 6. The slide saddle 6 is relatively long. Adding the second Y-axis lead screw 55 and the second Y-axis guide rail 54 at a position on the slide saddle 6 away from the first Y-axis lead screw 52 can reduce the deformation of the slide saddle 6 caused by gravity and prevent the slide saddle 6 from wobbling due to unilateral force.

[0065] Specifically, the second Y-axis guide rail 54 and the second Y-axis lead screw 55 are vertically arranged on the side of the second side support column 413, and the second Y-axis lead screw nut and the second Y-axis slider are fixed on the slide saddle 6, which reduces the weight of the slide saddle 6 and helps the slide saddle 6 to overcome gravity.

[0066] Preferably, the first Y-axis lead screw module adopts a hollow-cooled lead screw and a hollow-cooled motor, that is, the first Y-axis lead screw 52 and the second Y-axis lead screw 55 are hollow-cooled lead screws, and the first Y-axis motor 53 and the second Y-axis motor 56 are hollow-cooled motors. The hollow-cooled lead screw and the hollow-cooled motor eliminate the heat generated during operation, thereby improving the operating speed and machining accuracy.

[0067] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis lead screw module and a Z-axis linear guide. The Z-axis lead screw module includes a Z-axis lead screw 72, a Z-axis lead screw nut, and a Z-axis motor 73. The Z-axis motor 73 drives the Z-axis lead screw 72 to rotate, and the Z-axis lead screw nut and Z-axis lead screw 72 are connected by a helical transmission. The Z-axis lead screw module drives the slide ram 8 to move back and forth. The Z-axis linear guide includes a Z-axis guide rail 71 and a Z-axis slider. The Z-axis guide rail 71 and Z-axis slider cooperate to guide the slide ram 8.

[0068] Specifically, the Z-axis lead screw 72 and Z-axis guide rail 71 are located on the side of the slide saddle 6, and the Z-axis lead screw nut and Z-axis slider are fixed on the slide block 8, which reduces the weight of the slide block 8 and makes it relatively easy for the Z-axis lead screw module to drive the slide block 8.

[0069] Specifically, the Z-axis linear guide includes two Z-axis guide rails 71 and multiple Z-axis sliders, and the Z-axis lead screw module includes multiple Z-axis lead screw nuts. The two Z-axis guide rails 71 are spaced vertically on the slide saddle 6, and the Z-axis lead screw 72 is located between the two Z-axis guide rails 71. The two Z-axis guide rails 71 guide the slide ram 8 from the upper and lower sides of the Z-axis lead screw 72, limiting the vertical swaying of the slide ram 8 during movement. Multiple Z-axis sliders are evenly distributed on the two Z-axis guide rails 71, and multiple Z-axis lead screw nuts are fixed to the slide ram 8 along the Z-axis direction, which can limit the back-and-forth swaying that may occur in the Z-axis direction due to the length of the slide ram 8.

[0070] Specifically, a Z-shaped protective cover 70 is provided on the slide 8 to protect the moving structure of the Z-axis assembly.

[0071] Specifically, the Z-axis lead screw 72 is a hollow-cooled lead screw, and the Z-axis motor 73 is a hollow-cooled motor, which eliminates the heat generated during operation and improves the operating speed and machining accuracy.

[0072] Preferably, a tool magazine 101 is provided on the outer wall of the sub-column 42, and a tool changing robot 102 for tool changing is provided on the tool magazine 101. Because the slide saddle 6 is side-mounted on the main column 41, the first Y-axis assembly, the second Y-axis assembly, and the Z-axis assembly are all located on the same side of the slide ram 8 away from the sub-column 42, reducing the distance between the tool changing position of the tool magazine 101 and the tool changing position of the spindle 9, thereby reducing the size and weight of the tool changing robot 102. Compared with a large tool changing robot, the small-sized tool changing robot 102 has less rotational inertia, making it easier to achieve high-speed tool changing.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the structure of the first Y-axis assembly, the second Y-axis assembly, and the Z-axis assembly. In Embodiment 1, the first Y-axis assembly, the second Y-axis assembly, and the Z-axis assembly employ a lead screw module and a linear guide structure; in this embodiment, the first Y-axis assembly, the second Y-axis assembly, and the Z-axis assembly employ a linear motor module and a linear guide structure.

[0075] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis linear motor module 57 and a first Y-axis linear guide. The first Y-axis linear motor module 57 drives the slide saddle 6 to move up and down. The first Y-axis linear guide has the same structure, quantity, and installation position as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0076] Specifically, the first Y-axis linear motor module 57 is located in the area between the two first Y-axis guide rails 51. The stator of the first Y-axis linear motor module 57 is vertically mounted on the side of the first side support column 412. The mover of the first Y-axis linear motor module 57 is fixed on the slide saddle 6, which reduces the weight of the slide saddle 6 and helps the slide saddle 6 overcome gravity under the drive of the first Y-axis linear motor module 57, thus realizing high-speed drive of the slide saddle 6.

[0077] Preferably, the second Y-axis assembly includes a second Y-axis linear motor module 58 and a second Y-axis linear guide. The second Y-axis linear motor module 58 and the first Y-axis linear motor module 57 synchronously drive the slide saddle 6 to move up and down. The structure, quantity, and installation position of the second Y-axis linear guide are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0078] Specifically, the stator of the second Y-axis linear motor module 58 is vertically mounted on the side of the second side support column 413, and the mover of the second Y-axis linear motor module 58 is fixed on the slide saddle 6, which reduces the weight of the slide saddle 6 and helps the slide saddle 6 overcome gravity and move, thus realizing high-speed drive of the slide saddle 6.

[0079] Preferably, the first Y-axis linear motor module 57 and the second Y-axis linear motor module 58 are equipped with a cooling device to eliminate the heat generated during operation and improve the operating speed and processing accuracy.

[0080] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, the Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis linear motor module 74 and a Z-axis linear guide. The Z-axis linear motor module 74 drives the slide ram 8 to move back and forth. The Z-axis linear guide has the same structure, quantity, and installation position as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0081] Specifically, the stator of the Z-axis linear motor module 74 is fixed to the side of the slide saddle 6, and the mover of the Z-axis linear motor module 74 is fixed to the slide ram 8, reducing the weight of the slide ram 8 and making it relatively easy for the Z-axis linear motor module 74 to drive the slide ram 8. The Z-axis linear motor module 74 is located between two Z-axis guide rails 71, which guide the slide ram 8 from the upper and lower sides of the stator of the Z-axis linear motor module 74, limiting the up-and-down swaying of the slide ram 8 during movement. Multiple movers are fixed to the slide ram 8 along the Z-axis direction, and the stator of the Z-axis linear motor module 74 synchronously drives multiple movers, which can limit the back-and-forth swaying of the slide ram 8 in the Z-axis direction that may occur due to its length.

[0082] Specifically, the Z-axis linear motor module 74 is equipped with a cooling device to eliminate the heat generated during operation and improve operating speed and machining accuracy.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] A machining center with an asymmetric main structure, comprising an asymmetric main structure as described in Embodiment 1 or 2, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a first platform 11 located on one side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform 12. The front end of the spindle 9 points towards the first platform 11. The first platform 11 and the second platform 12 can be an integral structure or a separate structure. The first platform 11 is equipped with a cradle 31 and an X-axis assembly that drives the cradle 31 to move horizontally along the X-axis. Five-axis machining is achieved through the cooperation of the cradle 31 and the XYZ linear axes. The swing of the cradle 31 will not affect the rigidity of the spindle 9, avoiding the excessive overhang of the spindle 9 caused by the oscillating head structure for five-axis machining, which is beneficial to improving the rigidity of the spindle. In addition, the cradle structure itself has good rigidity, and this machining center can meet the machining requirements of large cutting forces and large torques. Furthermore, when the cradle 31 is flipped so that the table is perpendicular to the spindle 9, it is equivalent to vertical machining, which can realize the cutting of parts with complex shapes, solving the problem of the single type of parts processing and the limited scope of application of horizontal machining centers.

[0085] The feed direction of spindle 9 and the rotation center of the tool always coincide, preventing additional shape errors and tool wobbling. Increasing the tool length does not increase rotational error. Therefore, this structure improves the machining accuracy of the machining center. For the same stroke, the machining center using cradle 31 has a wider machining range. This machining center is suitable for the automotive industry and can perform machining of key automotive parts such as bridges, motor end covers, motor inner and outer housings, motor transmission end covers, and chassis housings.

[0086] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 10 As shown, in the X-axis direction, the end of the first platform 11 near the sub-column 42 extends outward to form a free end. The width of the second platform 12 is less than the length of the first platform 11, and the second platform 12 is offset relative to the centerline of the first platform 11 in the length direction. The tool magazine 101 is located on the outer wall side of the sub-column 42 away from the main column 41. The length of the free end of the first platform 11 extending outward is greater than the distance between the tool magazine 101 and the sub-column 42 in the X-axis direction, so that the tool magazine 101 does not exceed the end face of the first platform 11. Because there are also a first Y-axis assembly, a second Y-axis assembly, and a slide saddle 6 between the spindle 9 and the main support column 411, the distance between the spindle 9 and the main support column 411 is relatively larger than the distance between the spindle 9 and the sub-column 42. The free end of the first platform 11 can take advantage of the inconsistent distances between the spindle 9 and the main support column 411 and the sub-column 42 to arrange the tool magazine 101, and ensure the travel of the cradle 31 in the X-axis direction, making the entire structure of the machining center more compact and the space utilization rate higher.

[0087] Preferably, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide. The X-axis lead screw module drives the cradle 31 to move horizontally, and the first X-axis linear guide guides the cradle 31.

[0088] Specifically, in combination Figure 1 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the X-axis lead screw module includes an X-axis lead screw 22, an X-axis lead screw nut, and an X-axis motor 23; the first X-axis linear guide includes a first X-axis guide 21 and a first X-axis slider. Both the first X-axis guide 21 and the X-axis lead screw 22 are mounted on the first platform 11 along the X-axis direction. The cradle 31 is mounted on the support plate 32. The first X-axis slider and the X-axis lead screw nut are fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 32 to reduce the weight of the moving parts and facilitate high-speed drive. The X-axis motor 23 is connected to the X-axis lead screw 22 via an X-axis coupling. The X-axis lead screw nut cooperates with the X-axis lead screw 22 to achieve helical transmission. The X-axis motor 23 drives the X-axis lead screw 22 to rotate, causing the X-axis lead screw nut to move linearly. The X-axis lead screw nut drives the support plate 32 to move synchronously, thereby driving the support plate 32 and the cradle 31 to move synchronously through the X-axis lead screw nut. The first X-axis slider and the first X-axis guide 21 cooperate to support and guide the cradle 31.

[0089] Specifically, the X-axis assembly includes three sets of first X-axis linear guides 21 and two sets of X-axis lead screw modules. The three first X-axis guides 21 are mounted on the first platform 11 at intervals. Two X-axis lead screws 22 are respectively positioned in the two regions enclosed by the three first X-axis guides 21, and each of the two X-axis lead screws 22 is connected to an X-axis motor 23. Multiple first X-axis sliders of the three sets of first X-axis linear guides are evenly distributed on the three first X-axis guides 21, and multiple X-axis nuts of the two sets of X-axis lead screw modules are evenly distributed on the two X-axis lead screws 22. The three sets of first X-axis linear guides provide more stable guidance for the cradle 31, while the two sets of X-axis lead screw modules ensure more even force distribution on the cradle 31 and higher transmission accuracy.

[0090] Specifically, the X-axis lead screw 22 is a lead screw with a large lead, which can achieve high-speed motion.

[0091] Specifically, a protective cover is installed on the tray 32 to protect the moving structure of the X-axis assembly and prevent chips from entering and damaging the first X-axis linear guide and the X-axis lead screw module.

[0092] Specifically, the X-axis lead screw 22 is a hollow-cooled lead screw, and the X-axis motor 23 is a hollow-cooled motor. The hollow-cooled lead screw and hollow-cooled motor eliminate the heat generated during rotation, thereby improving operating speed and machining accuracy.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 lies in the structure of the X-axis assembly. In Embodiment 3, the X-axis assembly uses a lead screw module and a linear guide structure; in this embodiment, the X-axis assembly uses a linear motor module and a linear guide structure.

[0095] Preferably, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 10 and Figure 14 As shown, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor module 25 and a second X-axis linear guide. The X-axis linear motor module 25 drives the cradle 31 to move horizontally, and the second X-axis linear guide guides the cradle 31.

[0096] Specifically, the stator of the X-axis linear motor module 25 is mounted on the first platform 11, and the mover of the X-axis linear motor module 25 is mounted on the bottom of the support plate 32, driving the support plate 32 and the cradle 31 to move synchronously. The X-axis linear motor module 25 has the characteristics of high speed, high acceleration, high precision, and no backlash, enabling high-precision and high-speed driving of the cradle 31. The second X-axis linear guide includes a second X-axis guide 24 and a second X-axis slider. The second X-axis slider cooperates with the second X-axis guide 24 to support and guide the cradle 31.

[0097] Preferably, the X-axis assembly includes a base 26 and two sets of X-axis linear motor modules 25. The base 26 has two inclined surfaces symmetrical to the plumb lines in the X-axis direction, with an angle of 45° between the inclined surfaces and the plumb lines. The two sets of X-axis linear motor modules 25 are respectively disposed on the two inclined surfaces, with the levitation magnetic force of the X-axis linear motor modules 25 perpendicular to the inclined surfaces. The horizontal components of the levitation magnetic forces of the two sets of X-axis linear motor modules 25 cancel each other out under the action of the two inclined surfaces, causing the support plate 32 and the cradle 31 to tend towards force balance, thereby improving the motion accuracy of the support plate 32 and the cradle 31.

[0098] Specifically, the second X-axis linear guide includes: two second X-axis guides 24, a third X-axis guide 27, and multiple second X-axis sliders. The base 26 has a cross-section resembling an isosceles triangle. The base of the base 26 is fixed to the first platform 11. The two second X-axis guides 24 correspond to the two base corners of the base 26, and the third X-axis guide 27 is fixed to the apex corner of the base 26. The multiple second X-axis sliders are evenly distributed on the two second X-axis guides 24 and the third X-axis guide 27.

[0099] Specifically, the X-axis linear motor module 25 is equipped with a cooling device to eliminate the heat generated during high-speed operation, ensure the normal operation of the X-axis linear motor module 25, and prevent thermal deformation from affecting motion accuracy.

[0100] Specifically, a protective cover is installed on the tray base 32 to protect the moving structure of the X-axis assembly and prevent chips from entering and damaging the X-axis linear motor module 25 and the second X-axis linear guide.

[0101] Example 5

[0102] A machining center with an asymmetric main structure, comprising an asymmetric main structure as described in Embodiment 1 or 2, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 15 As shown, it also includes a first platform 11 located on one side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform 12. The front end of the spindle 9 points towards the first platform 11. The first platform 11 and the second platform 12 can be an integral structure or a separate structure. The first platform 11 is equipped with a double rotary table 33, which includes a first rotary table and a second rotary table. The rotation axis of the first rotary table is the B-axis, which is set along the Y-axis direction. The rotation axis of the second rotary table is the C-axis, which is set along the Z-axis direction. The first platform 11 is also equipped with an X-axis assembly that drives the first rotary table to move horizontally along the X-axis direction. The second rotary table is set on the first rotary table and rotates around the C-axis. The combination of the double rotary table 33 and the asymmetrical main structure forms a five-axis machining center. The double rotary table 33 has a relatively small volume and weight. The double rotary table 33 can rotate horizontally and vertically at the same time, which is convenient for the tool to cut from different angles and is suitable for machining small-sized parts. It is also beneficial for the drive structure to achieve high-speed drive.

[0103] The dual rotary table 33 operates stably and can prevent parts from shaking or becoming unstable during processing. It has a strong load capacity and can be used for processing automotive parts, aerospace components, and semiconductors.

[0104] Preferably, the X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide. The X-axis lead screw module drives the first turntable to move horizontally, and the first X-axis linear guide guides the first turntable.

[0105] Specifically, the X-axis lead screw module is connected to the support plate 32, the first turntable is mounted on the support plate 32, and the second turntable stands on the first turntable; the X-axis lead screw module drives the support plate 32, the first turntable, and the second turntable to move synchronously. The structure of the first platform 11 and the X-axis assembly is the same as that of the first platform 11 and the X-axis assembly in Embodiment 3, and will not be described again here.

[0106] Preferably, the first platform 11 is provided with a spiral chip removal device 20, which discharges chips and coolant.

[0107] Specifically, the second platform 12 is provided with a groove, the bottom of which is an inclined surface. The inclined surface is connected to the spiral chip removal device 20 so that the chips and coolant flow into the spiral chip removal device 20.

[0108] Preferably, one end of the first platform 11 is provided with a chain plate type chip conveyor 80, which corresponds to the discharge port of the spiral chip conveyor 20.

[0109] Example 6

[0110] A machining center with an asymmetric main structure, comprising an asymmetric main structure as described in Embodiment 1 or 2, combined with... Figure 1 and Figure 16 As shown, it also includes a first platform 11 located on one side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform 12. The front end of the spindle 9 points towards the first platform 11. The first platform 11 and the second platform 12 can be an integral structure or a separate structure. The first platform 11 is equipped with a CNC rotary table 34 and an X-axis assembly that drives the CNC rotary table 34 to move horizontally along the X-axis direction. The four-axis machining center formed by the combination of the CNC rotary table 34 and the asymmetrical main structure has a large load-bearing capacity and can realize multi-face machining of large-sized parts. It is often used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, energy, and military to process large and complex parts, such as engine casings and complex box-type parts.

[0111] Preferably, the machine tool also includes a paper belt filter 30, which filters the recovered coolant and reuses it.

[0112] Preferably, shims 40 are installed under the first platform 11 and the second platform 12 for leveling the first platform 11 and the second platform 12.

[0113] Specifically, an electrical cabinet 50 and a control box 60 are installed on the side of the second platform 12 away from the first platform 11 for installing electrical equipment and controllers.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An asymmetric main structure, characterized in that, The system includes a horizontally arranged second platform (12), on which a main column (41) and a secondary column (42) are fixedly spaced. The main column (41) has a sliding saddle (6) and a first Y-axis assembly that drives the sliding saddle (6) to move vertically along the Y-axis on the side facing the secondary column (42). A crossbeam (43) is fixed between the main column (41) and the secondary column (42), and the crossbeam (43) is located on the side of the sliding saddle (6) away from the second platform (12). The sliding saddle (6) has a bolster (8) and a Z-axis assembly that drives the bolster (8) to move horizontally along the Z-axis. The bolster (8) has a main shaft (9) arranged along the Z-axis. The main column (41) includes a main support column (411) and a first side support column (412). The main support column (411) is opposite to the secondary column (42) and its upper end is connected by the crossbeam (43). The first side support column (412) is fixed on the side of the main support column (411) facing the spindle machining area along the Z-axis. The first Y-axis assembly is provided on the first side support column (412) along the Y-axis. The main column (41) also includes a second side support column (413), which is fixed on the side of the main support column (411) away from the first side support column (412); a second Y-axis assembly is provided on the second side support column (413); the main column (41) and the secondary column (42) form an asymmetrical structure.

2. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis lead screw module and a first Y-axis linear guide.

3. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first Y-axis lead screw module adopts a hollow-cooled lead screw and a hollow-cooled motor.

4. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first Y-axis assembly includes a first Y-axis linear motor module and a first Y-axis linear guide.

5. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first Y-axis linear motor module is equipped with a cooling device.

6. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis assembly includes a Z-axis lead screw module and a Z-axis linear guide.

7. The asymmetric main structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sub-column (42) is provided with a tool magazine (101), and the tool magazine (101) is provided with a tool changing robot (102) for changing tools.

8. A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure, characterized in that, The asymmetric main structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is further comprising a first platform (11) disposed on the side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform (12), wherein the first platform (11) is provided with a cradle (31) and an X-axis assembly for driving the cradle (31) to move horizontally along the X-axis direction.

9. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide.

10. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The X-axis assembly includes an X-axis linear motor module (25) and a second X-axis linear guide.

11. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The X-axis assembly includes a base (26) and two sets of X-axis linear motor modules (25); the base (26) is provided with two inclined surfaces symmetrical to the vertical plumb surface in the X-axis direction, and the angle between the inclined surfaces and the vertical plumb surface is 45°; the two sets of X-axis linear motor modules (25) are respectively provided on the two inclined surfaces, and the levitation magnetic force direction of the X-axis linear motor module (25) is perpendicular to the inclined surfaces.

12. A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure, characterized in that, The asymmetric main structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 further includes a first platform (11) disposed on the side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform (12), the first platform (11) being provided with a double rotary table (33), the double rotary table (33) including a first rotary table and a second rotary table, the rotation axis of the first rotary table being the B axis, the B axis being disposed along the Y axis direction, the rotation axis of the second rotary table being the C axis, the C axis being disposed along the Z axis direction; the first platform (11) is also provided with an X-axis assembly for driving the first rotary table to move horizontally along the X axis direction; the second rotary table is disposed on the first rotary table and rotates around the C axis.

13. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 12, characterized in that, The X-axis assembly includes an X-axis lead screw module and a first X-axis linear guide.

14. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first platform (11) is equipped with a spiral chip removal device (20).

15. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first platform (11) is equipped with a chain plate type chip conveyor (80) at one end.

16. A machining center with an asymmetrical main structure, characterized in that, The asymmetric main structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is further comprising a first platform (11) disposed on the side of the spindle machining area of ​​the second platform (12), wherein the first platform (11) is provided with a CNC rotary table (34) and an X-axis assembly for driving the CNC rotary table (34) to move horizontally along the X-axis direction.

17. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 16, characterized in that, The machining center also includes a paper belt filter (30).

18. The machining center with an asymmetric main structure according to claim 16, characterized in that, The first platform (11) and the second platform (12) are equipped with pads (40).

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