Packaging and method for preserving respiratory produce

Abstract

A package for preserving respiring produce, in particular vegetables, fruits, herbs, spices and / or cut flowers, contained therein, and associated methods thereof are provided. The package defines a package volume and a package atmosphere for containing a portion of produce and comprises a packaging material, in particular a polymer film comprising BOPE or MDOPE, having a haze of at most 10, preferably at most 5, more preferably at most 3, most preferably at most 2, provided with one or more perforations enabling gas exchange with the atmosphere surrounding the package to form the package into a controlled atmosphere package (CAP). The package has a package carbon dioxide transmission rate (CO2TR pack ), CO2TR pack of at least 1000 ml per 100 g of produce to be packaged within 24 hours.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products, particularly vegetables, fruits, flowers, and herbs contained therein, the package comprising a packaging material, particularly a polymer film, the polymer film being provided with one or more perforations that allow for gas exchange with the external atmosphere surrounding the package, particularly the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a package. Background Technology

[0002] The shelf life of natural products is important for producers, sellers, resellers, and consumers. For food products such as vegetables, fruits, herbs, and / or spices, taste, flavor, ripeness, and / or structural characteristics (e.g., firmness), as well as inhibition of decay and / or pathogen growth, are particularly important. For flowers, so-called vase life is of particular concern—the time for cut flowers and / or bouquets to maintain an acceptable, pleasing appearance and / or fragrance when displayed. Typically, vase life is a few days, but can reach up to about two weeks. Both shelf life and vase life are affected by the initial quality of the produce and by storage and / or transportation conditions.

[0003] Natural produce, such as flowers, vegetables, fruits, and / or herbs, tends to respire after harvest, involving not only the consumption of oxygen but also the production of carbon dioxide. This respiration can continue for a considerable period, especially if the produce has undergone minimal processing—for example, it has been washed, perhaps peeled and / or chopped—but is otherwise fresh and uncooked. When such produce is packaged, the atmosphere within the package is affected by the respiration of the produce. Conversely, the atmosphere surrounding natural produce influences the respiration, ripening, aging, and / or spoilage of packaged produce. Therefore, it has become common practice to package fresh produce in Modified Atmosphere Packages (MAPs) or Controlled Atmosphere Packages (CAPs). In MAPs, produce is packaged and a mixture of artificial gases is used to create different internal atmospheres within the package; however, these atmospheres may later change due to the respiration of the packaged produce. In CAP, agricultural products are packaged, and the composition of the packaging atmosphere is controlled by including active absorbents for atmospheric components, such as oxygen scavengers, and / or by adjusting the transport of the packaging material to allow exchange with the external atmosphere outside the packaging, such as through perforated materials. Modified and controlled atmosphere packaging (MAP / CAP) maintains product quality by reducing the aerobic respiration rate while avoiding anaerobic processes that could lead to adverse changes, such as one or more of color, texture, flavor, and aroma.

[0004] Another aspect of fresh and / or breathing produce is that, on the one hand, produce generates water vapor, and on the other hand, it is sensitive to humidity levels of produce and / or live contaminants (such as microorganisms, insects, parasites, and fungi). Therefore, it is also preferable to control the humidity of the atmosphere within the packaging.

[0005] In light of the above, various packaging and packaging materials have been developed, for example, see WO 2016 / 071922 or WO 2016 / 003899. It is also noted that US 7,083,837 and PV Mahajan et al.'s "An interactive design of MA-packaging for fresh produce" and YH Hui's "Handbook of food science, technology and engineering" published by Taylor & Francis Group in 2006 disclose various aspects of modified / controlled atmosphere packaging.

[0006] EP 2 294 923, US2010 / 221393, WO 2017 / 220801, US2010 / 151166, WO 2018 / 147736, WO 2009 / 003675, DE 699 01 477 and M. Mastromatteo et al.'s "A new approach to predict the mass transport properties of micro-perforated films intended for food packaging applications", Journal of Food Engineering, 113(1):41-46 (2012-05-18), DOI:10.1016 / J.JFOODENG.2012.05.029; and M. Scetar et al.'s "Trends in Fruit and Vegetable Packaging - a Review (A review of trends in fruit and vegetable packaging), Croatian J. Food Tech., Biotech. Nutr. 5(3-4):69-86 (2010), ISSN:1847-3423, discloses other aspects related to packaging materials and / or packaging of respiratory agricultural products.

[0007] US 6,376,032 describes a breathable membrane that can be used for packaging fresh cut fruit and vegetables, as well as other respiratory biomaterials. The membrane is made by forming a thin polymer coating on a microporous polymer membrane. Preferred coating polymers are side-chain crystalline polymers, such as polyacrylates, and are applied to the microporous membrane by solution coating.

[0008] US 6,441,340 describes microperforated packaging materials for altering or controlling the inflow and / or outflow of oxygen and carbon dioxide into containers of fresh produce, wherein the microperforations are specifically tailored to a particular produce in terms of size, location, and number. A packaging system that designates specifically tailored microperforated containers for particular fresh produce to optimally preserve the produce. A method for creating exposed microperforations in packaging material using a CO2 laser and sensor mechanisms.

[0009] US2015 / 321823 describes a method for extending the shelf life and / or storage period of avocados based on the synergistic effect of cyclopropene compounds and modified atmosphere packaging. A method for storing avocados includes the step of exposing the avocados to an atmosphere containing a cyclopropene compound, wherein (a) the avocados are in modified atmosphere packaging during exposure to the cyclopropene compound, or (b) the avocados are placed in modified atmosphere packaging after exposure to the cyclopropene compound, and the avocados are held in the modified atmosphere packaging for at least two hours. In some embodiments, the modified atmosphere packaging is configured such that the oxygen transport rate of the entire package is 200 to 40,000 cubic centimeters per kilogram of avocados per day.

[0010] However, given the ongoing efforts to improve product quality and prevent spoilage and loss, further improvements are still needed. This is especially true for the packaging of fresh-cut leafy greens, as this produce is particularly perishable. Therefore, the packaging of these types of products remains inadequate, particularly in terms of transparency and shelf life. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The appended claims provide and specify a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products and a method of manufacturing the package for preserving the respiratory agricultural products contained therein.

[0012] A package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, wherein the package defines a package volume and package atmosphere for accommodating a portion of the agricultural product, the package comprising:

[0013] - Packaging material comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or mono-directed oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), wherein the polymer film has a haze of up to 10, preferably up to 5, more preferably up to 3, and most preferably up to 2, as determined by ASTM D 1003.

[0014] - The polymer film is provided with one or more perforations, which enable gas exchange with the atmosphere surrounding the packaging to form a controlled atmosphere package (CAP); wherein

[0015] - Packaging materials have a material carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) mat ),and

[0016] -The one or more perforations provide a perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf This makes the packaging carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) pack ) is the perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf ) and the material carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of packaging materials mat The sum of (CO2TR) pack =CO2TR perf +CO2TR mat ), and among them

[0017] -CO2TR pack The product to be packaged is at least 1000ml / 24 hours per 100g of product, preferably at least 1500ml / 24 hours, more preferably at least 2000ml / 24 hours, and most preferably at least 2500ml / 24 hours.

[0018] The packaging disclosed herein can be suitably applied to any respiratory produce, such as fresh-cut leafy greens, fresh-cut vegetables, fruits, herbs, flowers, or pre-prepared salads.

[0019] Freshly cut leafy green vegetables can include lettuce, arugula, spinach, romaine lettuce, and combinations thereof.

[0020] Freshly cut vegetables can include beans, zucchini, carrots, sprouts, mustard greens, cauliflower, broccoli, and combinations thereof.

[0021] Fresh fruits can include berries, apples, stone fruits such as mangoes, pears, tomatoes, peppers, bananas, grapes, and combinations thereof.

[0022] Prepared salads may include freshly cut leafy greens and / or freshly cut vegetables and / or fresh fruit.

[0023] The thickness of the polymer film is in the range of 5-200 micrometers, preferably in the range of 10-150 micrometers, more preferably in the range of 15-100 micrometers, even more preferably in the range of 20-75 micrometers, and most preferably in the range of 15-50 micrometers.

[0024] Packaging materials have both material oxygen transport rate and perforation oxygen transport rate (O2TR). perf Packaging oxygen transport rate (O2TR) pack ) is the perforation oxygen transport rate (O2TR) perf ) and the material oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of packaging materials mat The sum of (O2TR) pack =O2TR perf +O2TR mat Packaging transmission ratio β pack It is β pack =(CO2TR) perf +CO2TR mat ) / (O2TR perf +O2TR mat Packaging transmission ratio β pack =CO2TR pack / O2TR pack It can be set to at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, more preferably at least 3, even more preferably at least 4, such as 5 or more.

[0025] Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of packaging materials mat It can be at least 2000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 3000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 4000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 5000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

[0026] CO2 Transmission Rate (CO2TR) of Packaging Materials mat It can be at least 15000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 20000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 25000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 30000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

[0027] The packaging according to this disclosure can also be in the form of a pallet and a cover film sealed to the pallet to close the packaging. In this case, the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE).

[0028] This disclosure also relates to a method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, the method comprising:

[0029] i. A closed package with a defined packaging volume, provided from packaging materials, for containing a portion of a breathable agricultural product, the packaging material comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), the polymer film having a haze of up to 10, preferably up to 5, more preferably up to 3, and most preferably up to 2, as determined by ASTM D 1003; and

[0030] ii. Determine the size and possible number of one or more perforations (3) provided or to be provided in the packaging material to enable gas exchange between the packaging atmosphere and the atmosphere surrounding the packaging, thereby forming the packaging as a controlled atmosphere packaging (CAP) to achieve a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging. pack The amount of water used is at least 1000ml / 24 hours per 100g of agricultural product to be packaged, preferably at least 1500ml / 24 hours, more preferably at least 2000ml / 24 hours, and most preferably at least 2500ml / 24 hours.

[0031] The oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of suitable packaging materials for this method can be at least 2000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours), preferably at least 3000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 4000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 5000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

[0032] The carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of suitable packaging materials for this method can be at least 10,000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours), preferably at least 12000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 15000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 20000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

[0033] The manufacturing method of the packaging for storing the respiratory products contained therein may also involve the production of a tray having a cover film that is sealed to the tray to close the packaging, wherein the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE). Detailed Implementation

[0034] This disclosure provides a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products, and, as provided and specified in the appended claims, a method for manufacturing the package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein.

[0035] More specifically, this disclosure relates to a package for preserving breathable agricultural products contained therein, wherein the package defines a package volume and package atmosphere for containing a portion of the agricultural product, the package comprising:

[0036] - Packaging material comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), wherein the polymer film has a haze of up to 10, preferably up to 5, more preferably up to 3, and most preferably up to 2, as determined by ASTM D 1003.

[0037] - The polymer film is provided with one or more perforations, which enable gas exchange with the atmosphere surrounding the packaging to form a controlled atmosphere package (CAP); wherein

[0038] - Packaging materials have a material carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) mat ),and

[0039] -wherein one or more perforations provide a perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf ) and perforation oxygen transport rate (O2TR) perf This makes the packaging carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) pack ) is the perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf ) and the material carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of packaging materials mat The sum of (CO2TR) pack =CO2TR perf +CO2TR mat ), and among them

[0040] -CO2TR pack The product to be packaged is at least 1000ml / 24 hours per 100g of product, preferably at least 1500ml / 24 hours, more preferably at least 2000ml / 24 hours, and most preferably at least 2500ml / 24 hours.

[0041] The packaging material used is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE). When a polyethylene film is extruded and stretched in both the machine direction and across the machine direction, it is called biaxially oriented polyethylene. When the extruded polyethylene film is stretched in only one direction, it is called uniaxially oriented polyethylene. BOPE and MDOPE films can be multilayered. For example, films containing BOPE or MDOPE may also include printable layers and / or heat-sealable layers on a polyethylene core layer. Various layers may optionally be provided with an intermediate layer to provide the necessary compatibility between the layers. Preferably, the various layers are polyethylene layers. BOPE and MDOPE films have higher tensile and impact strength than conventional polyethylene (PE) films. Additionally, BOPE and MDOPE can be produced with high transparency. Since the packaging according to this disclosure is used to preserve agricultural products, the transparency of the packaging material is important. Customers want to ensure the quality and freshness of the product. Polymer films containing BOPE and MDOPE, with a haze of up to 10, preferably up to 5, more preferably up to 3, and most preferably up to 2 as determined by ASTM D1003, are suitable for this packaging. Because polymer films containing BOPE and MDOPE have higher mechanical strength, they can be prepared with reduced thickness, thereby reducing plastic use and thus reducing costs and waste. Furthermore, BOPE and MDOPE are 100% recyclable. We have found that this type of material is particularly suitable for creating microperforations with very uniform perforations in a repeatable manner. We have also found that BOPE and MDOPE have significantly increased CO2 permeability and β-ratio, as well as higher water vapor transport rates, compared to conventional polyethylene. These properties make this material ideal for use in packaging according to this disclosure. It can even be tailored to the specific agricultural product to be packaged.

[0042] Biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) membranes are known in the art. For example, WO 97 / 22470 describes BOPE membranes and methods for their production. In the example, several membranes were prepared and oriented. The resulting properties of the disclosed membranes include oxygen transport rate and water vapor transport rate. The document does not mention the CO2 transport rate of the membranes.

[0043] It is well known that different types of agricultural products and different varieties of agricultural products exhibit different respiration rates, as documented in the literature. The total open area of ​​the CAP perforation should be determined based on the transport characteristics of the agricultural product to be packaged and the packaging material itself; the transport rate of each substance's packaging is formed by the combination of the transport rate of the packaging material and the transport rate through the perforations of the corresponding substance.

[0044] The packaging disclosed herein is suitable for any respiratory agricultural product, such as fresh-cut leafy greens, fresh-cut vegetables, fruits, herbs, flowers, or pre-prepared salads. As mentioned above, polymer films containing BOPE or MDOPE can be adapted for packaging any respiratory agricultural product. We have found that this can be achieved by setting the carbon dioxide transfer rate of the packaging to at least 1000 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of the agricultural product to be packaged. When carbon dioxide reaches harmful levels, its impact on leafy greens such as spinach is much greater than on densely planted vegetables such as green beans or Brussels sprouts, because spinach has a much larger surface area per unit weight than green beans. Therefore, this disclosure provides packaging suitable for both demanding agricultural products such as leafy greens and denser agricultural products such as green beans or Brussels sprouts. The CO2TR parameter per 100 grams of agricultural product packaging takes into account the differences in agricultural product density. This parameter has not been disclosed in the literature, and its relevance has not been validated.

[0045] Examples of fresh-cut leafy green vegetables include lettuce, arugula, spinach, romaine lettuce, and combinations thereof.

[0046] For these fresh-cut leafy green vegetables, the CO2TR per 100g package is preferably 1500ml / 24 hours, more preferably 2000ml / 24 hours, and most preferably 2500ml / 24 hours.

[0047] Examples of fresh-cut vegetables include beans, zucchini, carrots, sprouts, pickled mustard greens, cauliflower, broccoli, and combinations thereof.

[0048] Examples of fresh fruits include berries, apples, pears, tomatoes, peppers, bananas, mangoes, grapes, stone fruits such as mangoes, and combinations thereof.

[0049] The packaging according to this disclosure can also be used for pre-prepared salads. These may include freshly cut leafy greens and / or freshly cut vegetables, and / or fresh fruit.

[0050] As mentioned above, BOPE and MDOPE can be produced at thicknesses smaller than conventional polyethylene due to their high mechanical strength. In addition to the recyclability of these types of films, these reduced thicknesses offer advantages in terms of cost and environmental impact.

[0051] The thickness of the polymer film is in the range of 5-200 micrometers, preferably in the range of 10-150 micrometers, more preferably in the range of 15-100 micrometers, even more preferably in the range of 20-75 micrometers, and most preferably in the range of 15-50 micrometers.

[0052] Packaging materials have a carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) mat Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) matThe packaging has a CO2 transfer rate (CO2TR). pack Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) pack Its packaging transmission ratio β pack =CO2TR pack / O2TR pack It is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, more preferably at least 3, even more preferably at least 4, for example 5 or more.

[0053] Therefore, the packaging as a whole provides a high transport ratio between the transport rates of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

[0054] The carbon dioxide transport rate facilitates the escape of carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the increase in CO2 concentration in the packaging atmosphere and thus reducing or preventing the risk of anaerobic spoilage. Furthermore, CO2 can dissolve in water, which can later re-enter the packaging atmosphere, and it can react with water to form carbonic acid, which in turn may affect the taste and / or composition of food stored in the packaging.

[0055] When packaging containing respiratory agricultural products is closed, oxygen in the packaging atmosphere is consumed, and the oxygen concentration decreases.

[0056] Too low an O2 concentration may accelerate the anaerobic decay process; however, too high a concentration can cause produce to age prematurely. Both should be avoided. The oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging... pack This allows oxygen to flow into the packaging atmosphere, preventing the complete consumption of oxygen.

[0057] Typically, an oxygen concentration in the range of 1-10%, preferably 2-8%, for example 3-7%, and more preferably 4-6% may be preferred to slow down the aging process (also known as "putting produce to a dormant state") and maximize shelf life. Such a concentration can be achieved by forming one or more perforations in the packaging as a CAP. Through these one or more perforations, the overall oxygen transport rate of the packaging can be increased.

[0058] Each perforation affects the overall rate of oxygen and carbon dioxide transport through the packaging. The packaging transport ratio β pack By perforating the material with one or more perforations, it is helpful to control the oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in the packaging atmosphere. Therefore, increased oxygen inflow and increased carbon dioxide outflow can be balanced through the perforations.

[0059] The one or more perforations can be provided as one or more micro-perforations. When a CAP is formed, the packaging should have no other openings besides the openings provided by the one or more perforations to precisely control the packaging atmosphere.

[0060] It is worth noting that the water vapor transport rate of the packaging is only slightly affected by the opening area of ​​the CAP microperforations.

[0061] In one embodiment, the one or more perforations may comprise microperforations with an opening area of ​​less than 1 square millimeter, preferably less than 0.5 square millimeters, for example, about 0.25 square millimeters or smaller. Such microperforations facilitate gas exchange through the packaging material while preventing contamination of the packaged material from external sources. These microperforations can be made with a (thermal) needle. Laser perforation is an effective way to provide such microperforations quickly, reliably, and safely at the desired location. Microperforations also tend not to significantly compromise the integrity of the packaging material, especially if the perforated packaging material includes a polymer film. Suitable films can range from flexible films that can be bent and / or folded multiple times without damage to rigid films used for pallet manufacturing.

[0062] The micro-perforations of laser drilling can be approximately circular or rectangular, with a (maximum) diameter in the range of 50-500 micrometers, particularly in the range of 60-400 micrometers, preferably in the range of 70-200 micrometers, more preferably in the range of 80-150 micrometers, such as in the range of 90-120 micrometers.

[0063] Determining the oxygen and / or carbon dioxide transport rates provided by the perforations may include determining the opening area and membrane thickness. In the case of typically circular, elliptical, or oval perforations, the opening area can be determined based on one or more diameters determined from the perforation, using camera images. Fishman et al. provided a suitable computational model in “Mathematical model for perforation effect on oxygen and water vapor dynamics in modified atmosphere packages”, J. Food Sci. 61(5):956-961 (1996).

[0064] By appropriately setting the carbon dioxide and oxygen transport rates (β) of the packaging, and by selecting suitable packaging materials and adding microperforations, a CAP (Capacity Capacitance) can be established. Therefore, the one or more perforations provide a perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR). perf and perforation oxygen transport rate O2TR perf This makes the packaging carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) pack It is the perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf The carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of packaging materials mat Sum of: CO2TRpack =CO2TR perf +CO2TR mat Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) in packaging pack It is the perforated oxygen transport rate O2TR perf Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of packaging materials mat Sum of: O2TR pack =O2TR perf +O2TR mat Packaging transmission ratio β pack It is β pack =(CO2TR) perf +CO2TR mat ) / (O2TR perf +O2TR mat As described above, the β packaged according to this disclosure pack The value is at least 1.5, preferably at least 2, more preferably at least 3, even more preferably at least 4, such as 5 or more.

[0065] Oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of packaging materials mat It can be at least 2000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 3000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 4000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 5000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours). The oxygen transport rate was measured at a test temperature of 23°C according to ASTM D3985 2556 (coulometric method).

[0066] CO2 Transmission Rate (CO2TR) of Packaging Materials mat It can be at least 15000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 20000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 25000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 30000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours). The carbon dioxide transport rate was measured according to ISO 2556 (pressure method) at a test temperature of 23°C.

[0067] The packaging according to this disclosure can also be in the form of a pallet and a cover film sealed to the pallet to close the packaging. In this case, the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE).

[0068] Pallet packaging protects produce from mechanical damage and / or can collect spilled juices, making it particularly suitable for soft and / or liquid-producing produce such as tender fruits, berries, grapes, and / or flowers. Pallet packaging that includes barrier materials can be especially robust for such purposes.

[0069] According to this concept, the shelf life of agricultural products packaged in such pallet packaging can be extended. The cover film may be a preferred location for the one or more perforations, and it can have a particular influence on determining the transport ratio of the packaging. For example, the cover film may have a specified carbon dioxide transport rate and / or oxygen transport rate for the material.

[0070] Pallets formed from one or more sheets including polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be robust and lightweight. This material is highly recyclable, thus reducing its environmental footprint. In such PET pallets, the material of each layer of the formed pallet may include at least 50%, preferably at least 85%, and more preferably at least 95% amorphous polyethylene terephthalate, which facilitates pallet formation and provides its high clarity.

[0071] The packaging may include an outer sealing edge that is provided along the circumference of the tray, preferably along the entire circumference of the tray, having an adhesive layer. The adhesive may help seal a cover film of another (non-PET) material to the tray.

[0072] This disclosure also relates to a method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, the method comprising:

[0073] i. A closed package with a defined packaging volume, provided from packaging materials, for containing a portion of a breathable agricultural product, the packaging material comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), the polymer film having a haze of up to 10, preferably up to 5, more preferably up to 3, and most preferably up to 2, as determined by ASTM D 1003; and

[0074] ii. Determine the size and possible number of one or more perforations (3) provided or to be provided in the packaging material to enable gas exchange between the packaging atmosphere and the atmosphere surrounding the packaging, thereby forming the packaging as a controlled atmosphere packaging (CAP) to achieve a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging. pack The amount of water used is at least 1000ml / 24 hours per 100g of agricultural product to be packaged, preferably at least 1500ml / 24 hours, more preferably at least 2000ml / 24 hours, and most preferably at least 2500ml / 24 hours.

[0075] The oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of suitable packaging materials for this method mat It can be at least 2000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 3000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 4000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 5000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours). However, the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the material... mat Preferably less than 15000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably less than 10000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours), so that adjustment can be made using one or more perforations.

[0076] The carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of suitable packaging materials for this method mat It can be at least 10000ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 12000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), more preferably at least 15000 ml / (m 2 24 hours), preferably at least 20000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours). However, the carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the material... mat Preferably less than 100,000 ml / (m 2 0.24 hours), more preferably less than 75000 ml / (m 2 (24 hours), so that adjustment can be made using one or more perforations.

[0077] The manufacturing method of the packaging for storing the respiratory products contained therein may also involve the production of a tray having a cover film that is sealed to the tray to close the packaging, wherein the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE).

[0078] Packaging containing respiratory agricultural products can be manually closed using closure devices (e.g., straps, clips, tape, elastic bands, etc.) and / or closed by folding and / or knotting. Alternatively, the packaging can be closed using other techniques, such as by using adhesives and / or by welding, which may include the use of handheld devices and / or automated devices that may be included in the equipment. The packaging may be closed immediately after filling, or the agricultural product may be filled into the packaging and closed after further processing and / or conditioning steps, such as cooling.

[0079] It was found that using polymer films containing BOPE or MDOPE could reduce the amount of oxygen in the packaging to below the levels that are generally acceptable for CAP, where higher than desired amounts of oxygen must be accepted to prevent unacceptably high levels of CO2.

[0080] More importantly, this packaging can extend the shelf life of breathable produce in CAP packaging by several days. Compared to conventional polymer films used, this can be equivalent to an extension of 30-100% or more in shelf life.

[0081] More specifically, in CAP, the oxygen concentration in the packaging atmosphere can be reduced to a lower oxygen concentration to slow the aging process while ensuring a minimum level of oxygen. Additionally or alternatively, the carbon dioxide concentration in the packaging atmosphere can be controlled to ensure it remains below harmful levels. Thus, aging, maturation, and / or decay are slowed, and anaerobic processes, such as odor development and cell membrane rupture due to decay, are prevented. Typically, it is preferred to reach equilibrium oxygen and / or carbon dioxide concentrations as quickly as possible. For this purpose, a combination of CAP and MAP can be used. For MAP, an initial packaging atmosphere can be established during or near the time of sealing by generating and / or introducing an atmosphere-modifying gas or gas mixture different from the ambient atmosphere into the packaging volume.

[0082] For long-term storage, most agricultural products benefit from low CO2 and low O2 concentrations in the packaging atmosphere, with O2 concentrations in the range of approximately 1-10% (“%vol”) by volume, preferably in the range of 3-7%vol. To maintain such low O2 concentrations, perforations in the packaging should provide an opening area configured to control oxygen inflow into the packaging volume, specifically establishing a minimum inflow to prevent anaerobic conditions and a maximum inflow to ensure low oxygen concentrations that slow down the metabolic processes of the agricultural product (also known as “putting the product to a dormant state”). This limitation on the opening area of ​​the perforations inherently limits the outflow of CO2 from the packaging through the perforations, considering that the perforations are selective with respect to O2 and CO2: typically for a small laser perforation, the CO2:O2 flow ratio is approximately 1. Therefore, the perforations in the packaging simultaneously determine the upper limits of both CO2 outflow and O2 inflow. Thus, manufacturing CAP packaging involves a trade-off between the desired increase in CO2 outflow and the undesirable increase in O2 inflow.

[0083] Therefore, the high CO2TR of packaging materials mat It is beneficial to establish an improved concentration balance between O2 and CO2 in the packaging atmosphere because this increases the CO2 transport rate throughout the CAP packaging.

[0084] The packaging atmosphere can be defined as the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which together constitute less than 20% vol of the packaging atmosphere, preferably less than 17% vol, such as less than 15% vol or even less than 13% vol.

[0085] It has been found, based on experience, that for packaging films currently used for fresh, breathing agricultural products, the combined amounts of O2 and CO2 in the CAP (Chemical Activity Capacity) typically constitute approximately 21-23% vol of the packaging atmosphere ({O2 amount} + {CO2 amount} = 21-23% vol of the packaging atmosphere). In currently available packaging, the transport ratio helps to overcome this rule of thumb and achieve low concentrations of O2 and CO2 in the packaging atmosphere, as well as a low CO2 concentration in the combined concentration.

[0086] Most aging processes result in CO2 production, leading to its accumulation in the packaging atmosphere. Increased CO2 concentrations can accelerate anaerobic decay processes and should be prevented; however, excessively high CO2 transmission rates may prevent the desired slowing of metabolic processes and associated shelf-life extension. The ranges currently offered are preferred to achieve this balance.

[0087] Respiration and most aging processes lead to O2 depletion, resulting in oxygen loss in the packaging atmosphere. High O2TR in packaging materials... mat High CO2 transport rate (CO2TR) of packaging materials and / or packaging materials mat It helps to precisely control oxygen inflow and carbon dioxide outflow, for example, by accurately establishing the ratio of the packaging material area to the opening area of ​​one or more perforations to achieve the packaging transport ratio.

[0088] Packaging volume can range from 2 to 5 times the volume of the produce within the package, and in some cases, from 3 to 4 times. In certain situations, packaging volume may range from 5 to 10 times the volume of the produce, such as 6 to 8 or 7 times. Larger volume ratios can be used specifically for consumer packaging and / or produce that is one or more hollow, delicate, and finely chopped items, such as raspberries, chopped lettuce, and herbs (parsley stems, thyme sprigs, etc.). The unoccupied volume within the packaging is often referred to as headspace.

[0089] The following examples further illustrate the content of this disclosure. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as restrictive.

[0090] Example

[0091] Example 1-13

[0092] Several small bags of BOPE film according to claim 1 are provided for use with agricultural products. BOPE film is a 5-layer film having the following properties:

[0093] Thickness: 30 micrometers

[0094] Haze: 2.5 according to AST D 1003.

[0095] Tensile strength: Measured according to AST D882, MD = 80, HD = 210

[0096] Density: 0.937 g / cm³ 3

[0097] CO2TR mat The value was determined according to ISO 2556 at a test temperature of 23°C to be 30,000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours)

[0098] The results are shown in Table I below.

[0099] Comparative Examples 14-26

[0100] For comparison, the number of days of good quality after packaging was given for the same quantity of the same agricultural products packaged in pouches of similar size and volume used for food packaging, specifically conventional polyethylene and BOPP (biaxially oriented polypropylene). The results are shown in Table II below.

[0101] Examples 27-33: Mass and gas levels of 150g packaged spinach stored at 6°C

[0102] 150g of spinach was packed into small bags (260mm × 270mm) with or without perforations and stored at 6°C for 20 days. The oxygen (O2) level, carbon dioxide (CO2) level, and overall mass in the bags were assessed on days 2, 6, 9, 14, 17, and 20.

[0103] When using BOPE pouches, use the same membrane as in Examples 1-14, with a thickness of 40 microns. When using BOPP pouches, use the same material as in Examples 14-26 (CO2TR of 3500 ml / m³). 2 The membrane, with a thickness of 30 micrometers, was provided with an anti-fogging coating. Membranes with thicknesses of 40 micrometers and 30 micrometers were found to be comparable in CO2TR and O2TR, and therefore interchangeable. The relevance of oxygen flushing to the filled pouches (with 10% residual O2) was also evaluated. Microperforations were applied using a PerfoTec laser microperforator PER 30, with all pouches having the same perforation pattern. To calculate the optimal microperforation pattern, the respiration rate of the produce was determined beforehand using a Fast Respiration Meter System 4.0.

[0104] The results are compiled in Table III.

[0105] These results indicate that spinach packaged in BOPE with perforations and CO2 TR per 100g of product according to the invention provides a shelf life of at least 20 days. During the testing period, CO2 levels within these packages remained below 5%, while O2 levels remained within the optimal range of approximately 10% for this batch of spinach. CO2 levels exceeding 5% are considered harmful as they affect the taste and odor of the produce. Positive results were obtained in both oxygen-washed and unwashed packages. This represents an increase of at least 222% compared to BOPP packaging (shelf life of 9 days).

[0106] However, packaging using BOPP was affected by increased CO2 levels, exceeding 5%, early in the testing period. Furthermore, when perforations were provided to the BOPP packaging, CO2 levels increased rapidly, leading to a decline in product quality and a shelf life of up to 9 days.

[0107] Examples 34-39: Mass and gas levels of 80g packaged lamb's head lettuce stored at 6°C

[0108] 80g of lettuce was packed into small bags (260mm × 270mm) with or without perforations and stored at 6°C for 17 days. Oxygen (O2) levels, carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, and overall mass within the bags were assessed on days 2, 6, 9, 14, and 17. The relevance of oxygen flushing to the filled bags (with 10% residual O2) was also evaluated. BOPE and BOPP bags were of the same dimensions, had the same perforation pattern in the presence of perforations, and were made of the same material as in Examples 27-33.

[0109] The results are compiled in Table IV.

[0110] These results demonstrate that lettuce packaged in BOPE with perforations and a CO2 TR per 100g of product according to the invention provides a shelf life of at least 17 days. During the testing period, CO2 levels within these packages remained below 5%, while O2 levels remained within the optimal range of approximately 10% for this batch of lettuce. CO2 levels exceeding 5% are considered harmful as they affect the taste and odor of the produce. Positive results were obtained in both oxygen-washed and unwashed packages. This represents an increase of at least 283% compared to BOPP packaging (shelf life of 6 days).

[0111] Although BOPP packaging met the CO2 TR requirement per 100g of product, the CO2 level increased to over 5% after 2 days. Furthermore, when BOPP packaging with perforations was provided, the CO2 level increased to over 5% after 9 days. This was an improvement compared to unperforated BOPP packaging, but still insufficient, leading to yellowing and rotting on day 9. The reduction in product quality when using BOPP resulted in a shelf life of up to 8 days.

[0112] Examples 40-45: Mass and gas levels of 150g packaged arugula stored at 6°C

[0113] 150g of arugula were packed into small bags (260mm × 270mm) with or without perforations and stored at 6°C for 17 days. Oxygen (O2) levels, carbon dioxide (CO2) levels, and overall mass within the bags were assessed on days 2, 6, 9, 14, and 17. The relevance of oxygen flushing to the filled bags (with 10% residual O2) was also evaluated. BOPE and BOPP bags were of the same dimensions, had the same perforation pattern in the presence of perforations, and were made of the same material as in Examples 27-33.

[0114] The results are compiled in Table V.

[0115] These results demonstrate that arugula packaged in BOPE with perforations and a CO2 TR per 100g of product according to the invention provides a shelf life of at least 17 days. During the testing period, CO2 levels within these packages remained below 5%, while O2 levels remained within the optimal range of approximately 15% for this batch of arugula. CO2 levels exceeding 5% are considered harmful as they affect the taste and odor of the produce. Positive results were obtained in both oxygen-washed and unwashed packages. This represents an increase of at least 283% compared to BOPP packaging (shelf life of 6 days).

[0116] Packaging using BOPP resulted in CO2 levels exceeding 5% after a few days. In addition to the harmful CO2 levels, O2 levels also failed to remain optimal, dropping to 0% during the trial. Furthermore, when BOPP packaging with perforations was provided, CO2 levels increased to over 5% after day 2, while O2 levels showed less significant reduction, but still dropped to 0% by day 9, leading to yellowing and spoilage. The reduced product quality resulting from BOPP resulted in a shelf life of up to 8 days.

[0117] Table I shows the number of days of good quality for agricultural products packaged in BOPE and stored at 6°C.

[0118] Table II lists the number of days of good quality for agricultural products stored at 6°C in conventional packaging materials.

[0119] Example number product Good quality days after BOPP packaging Good quality days after standard PE packaging 14 (Comparison) 150g of spinach 7 9 15 (Comparison) 150g of spinach 7 9 16 (Comparison) 200g of spinach 7 9 17 (Comparison) 300g of spinach 7 9 18 (Comparison) 500g of spinach 7 9 19 (Comparison) Mixed salad 500g 6 7 20 (Comparison) Mixed salad 570g 6 7 21 (Comparison) Mixed salad 700g 6 7 22 (Comparison) Mixed salad 1000g 6 7 23 (Comparison) Rosa Green 250g 6 8 24 (Comparison) Rosa Green 2×250g 6 8 25 (Comparison) Rosa Green 300g 6 8 26 (Comparison) Rosa Red 250g 6 8

[0120] Table III. Quality and gas levels of 150g packaged spinach stored at 6°C for 20 days.

[0121]

[0122] Table IV: Quality and gas levels of 80g packaged lettuce stored at 6°C for 17 days

[0123]

[0124] Table V: Quality and gas levels of 150g packaged arugula stored at 6°C for 17 days

[0125]

Claims

1. A package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, wherein the package defines a package volume and package atmosphere for accommodating a portion of the agricultural product, the package comprising: - Packaging materials comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), wherein the polymer film has a haze of up to 10 as determined by ASTM D 1003. - The polymer film is provided with one or more perforations, which enable gas exchange with the atmosphere surrounding the package to form the package as a controlled atmosphere package (CAP). in - The packaging has a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) pack ); - Wherein one or more perforations provide a perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) perf ), which makes the packaging carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) pack The perforated carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) is the rate at which carbon dioxide is transported through the perforation. perf ) and the material carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material. mat The sum of (CO2TR) pack = CO2TR perf + CO2TR mat ), and among them - The CO2TR pack The minimum is 1000 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of product to be packaged.

2. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the haze of the polymer film is at most 5 as determined by ASTM D 1003.

3. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the haze of the polymer film is at most 3 as determined by ASTM D 1003.

4. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the haze of the polymer film is at most 2 as determined by ASTM D 1003.

5. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the CO2TR pack The minimum is 1500 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of product to be packaged.

6. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the CO2TR pack The minimum is 2000 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of product to be packaged.

7. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the CO2TR pack The packaging time is at least 2500 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of product to be packaged.

8. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural products to be packaged are selected from fresh-cut vegetables, fruits, herbs, flowers, or pre-prepared salads.

9. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural product to be packaged is selected from fresh-cut leafy green vegetables.

10. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 9, wherein the fresh-cut leafy green vegetables include lettuce, arugula, spinach, romaine lettuce, and combinations thereof.

11. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fresh-cut vegetables include green beans, zucchini, carrots, bean sprouts, leeks, cauliflower, broccoli, tomatoes, peppers, and combinations thereof.

12. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fruit includes berries, apples, pears, bananas, stone fruits, and combinations thereof.

13. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein as described in claim 12, wherein the drupe is a mango.

14. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 8, wherein the pre-prepared salad comprises fresh-cut vegetables and / or fresh fruit.

15. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to claim 8, wherein the pre-prepared salad comprises fresh-cut leafy greens and / or fresh fruit.

16. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the thickness of the polymer film layer is in the range of 5-200 micrometers.

17. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the thickness of the polymer film layer is in the range of 10-150 micrometers.

18. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the thickness of the polymer film layer is in the range of 15-100 micrometers.

19. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the thickness of the polymer film layer is in the range of 20-75 micrometers.

20. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the thickness of the polymer film layer is in the range of 15-50 micrometers.

21. Packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging material has a material oxygen transport rate (O2TR). mat ) and perforation oxygen transport rate (O2TR) perf Packaging oxygen transport rate (O2TR) pack ) is the perforation oxygen transport rate (O2TR) perf ) and the material oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material. mat The sum of (O2TR) pack = O2TR perf + O2TR mat Packaging transmission ratio β pack It is β pack = (CO2TR perf +CO2TR mat ) / (O2TR perf + O2TR mat ), wherein the packaging transport ratio β pack = CO2TR pack / O2TR pack It should be at least 1.

5.

22. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging transport ratio β pack The minimum is 2.

23. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging transport ratio β pack The minimum is 3.

24. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging transport ratio β pack The minimum is 4.

25. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging transport ratio β pack The minimum is 5.

26. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is... mat () is at least 2000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

27. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is... mat It is at least 3000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

28. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is... mat ) is at least 4000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

29. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is... mat () is at least 5000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

30. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is... mat () is at least 15000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

31. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is... mat () is at least 20000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

32. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is... mat () is at least 25000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

33. The packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is... mat It is at least 30,000 ml / (m 2 24 hours).

34. The packaging for storing respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein the packaging material comprises a tray and a cover film sealed to the tray to close the packaging, wherein the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE).

35. A method for manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, the method comprising: i. A closed package with a defined packaging volume provided from packaging materials for containing a portion of the respiratory agricultural product, the packaging materials comprising a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE), the polymer film having a haze of up to 10 as determined by ASTM D 1003; and ii. Determine the size and possible number of one or more perforations (3) provided or to be provided in the packaging material such that gas exchange is possible between the packaging atmosphere and the atmosphere surrounding the packaging, thereby forming the packaging as a controlled atmosphere packaging (CAP) such that the packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR) of the packaging is [not specified]. pack The requirement is at least 1000 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of agricultural products to be packaged.

36. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the haze of the polymer film, as determined according to ASTM D 1003, is at most 5.

37. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the haze of the polymer film, as determined according to ASTM D 1003, is at most 3.

38. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the haze of the polymer film, as determined according to ASTM D 1003, is at most 2.

39. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the package has a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR). pack The requirement is at least 1500 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of agricultural products to be packaged.

40. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the package has a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR). pack The requirement is at least 2000 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of agricultural products to be packaged.

41. The method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the package has a packaging carbon dioxide transfer rate (CO2TR). pack The requirement is at least 2500 ml / 24 hours per 100 grams of agricultural products to be packaged.

42. The method of manufacturing packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is at least 10,000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours).

43. The method of manufacturing packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is at least 12000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours).

44. The method of manufacturing packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is at least 15,000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours).

45. The method of manufacturing packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to claim 35, wherein the carbon dioxide transport rate (CO2TR) of the packaging material is at least 20,000 ml / (m³). 2 24 hours).

46. ​​A method of manufacturing packaging for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to any one of claims 35-45, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is at least 2000 ml / (m²). 2 24 hours).

47. A method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to any one of claims 35-45, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is at least 3000 ml / (m²). 2 24 hours).

48. A method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to any one of claims 35-45, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is at least 4000 ml / (m²). 2 24 hours).

49. A method of manufacturing a package for preserving respiratory agricultural products contained therein, according to any one of claims 35-45, wherein the oxygen transport rate (O2TR) of the packaging material is at least 5000 ml / (m²). 2 24 hours).

50. A method of manufacturing a package for storing respiratory agricultural products contained therein according to any one of claims 35-45, wherein the packaging material comprises a tray and a cover film sealed to the tray to close the package, wherein the cover film is a polymer film containing biaxially oriented polyethylene (BOPE) or uniaxially oriented polyethylene (MDOPE).

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