A no-tillage overseeding method for grassland restoration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a no-tillage reseeding method for repairing grassland, which belongs to the technical field of grassland restoration. The method is as follows: (1) soil preparation: clearing weeds and residual plants, keeping the soil surface flat, and applying fertilizer on the soil surface; (2) grass seed processing: making grass seeds into coated grass seeds; (3) no-tillage sowing: sowing the coated grass seeds using a no-tillage reseeding machine; (4) post-sowing management: watering the grass seeds and covering them for protection, enclosing the reseeding area, and prohibiting grazing in the same year, thereby solving the problems of slow grass seed growth rate and long grassland restoration time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of grassland restoration, and in particular to a no-tillage overseeding method for grassland restoration. Background Art

[0002] Grasslands are my country's largest terrestrial ecosystem and a key strategic asset for maintaining national ecological security. However, long-term overexploitation and climate change have led to varying degrees of degradation of grassland ecosystems worldwide. Natural recovery of degraded grasslands will take considerable time, making human restoration essential for accelerating their recovery.

[0003] No-till reseeding is an important measure commonly used in the ecological restoration of degraded grasslands. It is a technology that improves the ecological quality of grasslands and increases grassland productivity and species diversity by reseeding high-quality grass seeds without destroying or minimizing the damage to native vegetation. However, the growth rate of grassland grass seeds restored by the no-till reseeding method is slow and the restoration time is long. This is because no-till reseeding does not involve plowing the soil, resulting in insufficient soil permeability, making it difficult for the roots to take root, restricting the root development of the grass seeds, and insufficient absorption of water and nutrients in the soil, resulting in a slow growth rate of the grass seeds and a longer time required for grassland restoration. Currently, the main method used to solve this problem is to apply fertilizer, but excessive fertilizer application will lead to waste of resources and imbalance of soil structure.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a method for promoting the development of grass root systems, which increases the growth rate of grass seeds and shortens the restoration time of grasslands by promoting the growth of the root systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a no-tillage overseeding method for grassland restoration, so as to solve the problems of slow grass seed growth rate and long time required for grassland restoration.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A no-tillage overseeding method for grassland restoration, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply fertilizer to the soil surface;

[0009] (2) Grass seed processing: Select intact, pest-free grass seeds and make them into coated grass seeds;

[0010] (3) No-till sowing: Sowing is carried out from mid-May to late June. Use a no-till loosening and reseeding machine for row sowing with a row spacing of 15-20 cm. Use an inverted "T" type furrow opener with a furrow depth of 3-5 cm and a sowing depth of 2-3 cm. After sowing, cover with 1-2 cm of soil and perform moderate compaction to ensure uniform soil burial.

[0011] (4) Post-sowing management: water the sown grass seeds promptly and cover them for protection. Fence the area after reseeding and prohibit grazing in the same year. Monitor the reseeded grassland for insect and rodent damage at any time to detect and control them in a timely manner.

[0012] Furthermore, the fertilizer applied in step (1) is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and the amount applied is 300-450 kg / hm 2 .

[0013] Furthermore, the grass seeds in step (2) can be selected from a mixture of one or more of alfalfa, chinensis, prunella vulgaris, Elymus dactylis, and Hordeum vulgare.

[0014] Furthermore, the sowing rate of the coated grass seeds in step (3) is 30-40 kg / hm2. 2 .

[0015] At present, conventional coating agents can also be used for alfalfa sowing. The seed coating agent containing a fungicide, nutrients and film-forming agents is evenly coated on the surface of the seeds to form a film. However, conventional coating agents can only provide nutrition and bactericidal functions, and cannot promote root growth and thus promote the root system to fix the grassland soil, thereby achieving the purpose of repairing the grassland, preventing plant lodging, and promoting growth.

[0016] Furthermore, the preparation method of the coated grass seeds is as follows:

[0017] S1: Add 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to deionized water, increase the temperature to 70-80°C, and stir at 300-350 rpm for 10-15 minutes to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add N-acetylcysteine, succinic acid, ammonium polyphosphate, and sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0018] S2: Soak the grass seeds in pine oil emulsion for 20-30 seconds, remove them and place them in sodium alginate gel, add a mixed solution of calcium chloride solution and accelerator, and stir evenly to obtain gel grass seeds;

[0019] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at a temperature of 40-45° C., and then passing them through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass ratio of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, N-acetylcysteine, succinic acid, ammonium polyphosphate, and sodium gluconate in the accelerator of step S1 is (1-1.2):(0.6-0.8):(0.8-1):(0.7-0.9):(0.5-0.6).

[0021] Furthermore, the preparation of the pine oil emulsion in step S2 is as follows: pine oil, polysorbate and deionized water are prepared into an emulsion with a concentration of 2 wt%, wherein the mass ratio of pine oil to polysorbate is 10:1.

[0022] Furthermore, the concentration of the sodium alginate gel in step S2 is 3 wt %, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 5 wt %.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S2, the mass ratio of grass seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:(5-6):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15).

[0024] Grass seeds treated with pine oil emulsifier are placed in sodium alginate gel, and a mixed solution of calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added. The mixture is stirred evenly, dried, and sieved to obtain coated grass seeds. After sowing, the coated grass seeds need to be watered. At this time, the coating of the coated grass seeds absorbs water and returns to a gel state. Since the hydrophobicity of the seed surface increases after the seeds are treated with pine oil emulsifier, the gel-like coating will more easily fall off the seed surface after absorbing water. At the same time, the succinic acid contained in the accelerator in the coating can also promote the shedding of the sodium alginate gel, allowing the grass seeds to detach from the gel-like coating more quickly, preventing the seed coating from forming a gel after absorbing water, increasing the moisture content, reducing permeability, affecting normal gas exchange in the seeds, and causing seed rot. After the coating is removed, it forms a gel-like medium at the base of the grass seed. The seeds absorb the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and N-acetylcysteine ​​in the coating, synergistically inducing the differentiation of tubular molecules from the root tip cells of the grass seed. This synergistically promotes the secondary thickening of the vessel wall, which in turn promotes the formation of xylem vessels in the grass seed root system, thereby promoting root development. Once the grass seed roots have established, the succinic acid in the coating promotes the root system's absorption of water and nutrients, increasing root volume and further promoting root growth and development, increasing the grass seed's growth rate and root growth, leading to growth and germination. Simultaneously, as the coating degrades, ammonium polyphosphate and sodium gluconate are released into the soil, synergistically promoting the bonding between soil molecules, reducing root penetration resistance, promoting root growth and penetration, and increasing the survival rate of the grass seed. This method avoids the need for large-scale supplemental fertilizer application to restore grasslands and shortens the time required for grassland restoration.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention improves the no-till reseeding method. Under the premise of not destroying or minimizing the damage to the original vegetation, the ecological quality of the grassland is improved by reseeding high-quality grass seeds, and the grass seeds are coated to promote the growth and development of the grass seed root system, improve the survival rate, increase the growth rate, and shorten the grassland restoration time. The no-till reseeding method preserves the original vegetation and ecological environment, helps to protect local biodiversity. At the same time, the treatment of coated grass seeds reduces the input of manpower, machinery and resources, greatly saves labor and reduces agricultural costs. Restoring grasslands can improve vegetation coverage, promote the restoration of plant and animal habitats, improve the quality of the ecological environment, and protect the stability of the ecosystem. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0028] Example 1: No-tillage reseeding of grassland

[0029] No-till overseeding methods for grasslands:

[0030] (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer on the soil surface at a rate of 300 kg / hm2. 2 ;

[0031] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0032] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine, 0.8 g of succinic acid, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator;

[0033] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 25 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0034] (3) No-tillage sowing: Sowing was carried out in mid-May. A no-tillage loosening and seeding machine was used for row sowing with a row spacing of 15 cm. An inverted "T" type furrow opener was used with a furrow depth of 3 cm and a sowing depth of about 2 cm. The sowing rate was 30 kg / hm2. 2After sowing, cover the soil with about 1 cm and press it down moderately to ensure that the soil is evenly buried.

[0035] (4) Post-sowing management: Water the sown grass seeds promptly and cover them with plastic film for protection. Remove the grass seeds 10 days after germination. Fence the area after reseeding and prohibit grazing in the same year. Monitor the reseeded grassland for insect and rodent damage at any time to detect and control it in a timely manner.

[0036] Example 2: No-tillage reseeding of grassland

[0037] No-till overseeding methods for grasslands:

[0038] (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer on the soil surface at a rate of 380 kg / hm2. 2 ;

[0039] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0040] S1: Add 1.1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 110 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 75°C, and stir at 330 rpm for 13 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.7 g of N-acetylcysteine, 0.9 g of succinic acid, 0.8 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.55 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0041] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 25 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5.5:1.3:0.13;

[0042] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 43° C. for 3.5 h, and then passing through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0043] (3) No-till sowing: Sowing was carried out in mid-May. A no-till loosening and reseeding machine was used for row sowing with a row spacing of 18 cm. An inverted "T" type furrow opener was used with a furrow depth of 4 cm and a sowing depth of about 2 cm. The sowing rate was 35 kg / hm2. 2 After sowing, cover the soil with about 1 cm and press it down moderately to ensure that the soil is evenly buried.

[0044] (4) Post-sowing management: Water the sown grass seeds promptly and cover them with plastic film for protection. Remove the grass seeds 10 days after germination. Fence the area after reseeding and prohibit grazing in the same year. Monitor the reseeded grassland for insect and rodent damage at any time to detect and control it in a timely manner.

[0045] Example 3: No-tillage reseeding in grassland

[0046] No-till overseeding methods for grasslands:

[0047] (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer on the soil surface at a rate of 450 kg / hm2. 2 ;

[0048] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0049] S1: 1.2 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid was added to 120 ml of deionized water, the temperature was raised to 80°C, and the mixture was stirred at 350 rpm for 15 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. 0.8 g of N-acetylcysteine, 1 g of succinic acid, 0.9 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.6 g of sodium gluconate were then added to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stirred until completely dissolved, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0050] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 30 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:6:1.5:0.15;

[0051] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 45° C. for 4 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0052] (3) No-tillage sowing: Sowing was carried out in mid-May. A no-tillage loosening and reseeding machine was used for row sowing with a row spacing of 20 cm. An inverted "T" type furrow opener was used with a furrow depth of 3 cm. The sowing depth was about 3 cm and the sowing rate was 40 kg / hm2. 2 After sowing, cover the soil with about 2 cm and press it down moderately to ensure that the soil is evenly buried.

[0053] (4) Post-sowing management: Water the sown grass seeds promptly and cover them with plastic film for protection. Remove the grass seeds 10 days after germination. Fence the area after reseeding and prohibit grazing in the same year. Monitor the reseeded grassland for insect and rodent damage at any time to detect and control it in a timely manner.

[0054] Comparative Example 1:

[0055] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid is not added during the preparation of the coated grass seeds. The specific method is as follows:

[0056] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0057] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0058] S1: 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine ​​was mixed with 100 ml of deionized water, and then 0.8 g of succinic acid, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate were added to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stirred until completely dissolved, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain an accelerator;

[0059] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 20 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0060] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0061] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0062] The sowing method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 2:

[0064] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, except that N-acetylcysteine ​​is not added during the preparation of the coated grass seeds. The specific method is as follows:

[0065] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0066] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0067] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.8 g of succinic acid, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0068] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion, select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 20 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and stirred evenly to obtain gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0069] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0070] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0071] The sowing method of this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 3:

[0073] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that succinic acid is not added during the preparation of the coated grass seeds. The specific method is as follows:

[0074] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0075] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0076] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0077] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 20 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0078] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0079] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0080] Comparative Example 4:

[0081] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that ammonium polyphosphate and sodium gluconate are not added during the preparation of the coated grass seeds. The specific method is as follows:

[0082] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0083] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0084] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine ​​and 0.8 g of succinic acid to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator.

[0085] S2: Add pine oil and polysorbate in a ratio of 10:1 by weight to deionized water to prepare a 2 wt% pine oil emulsion; select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, soak them in the pine oil emulsion for 20 seconds, i.e., until the pine oil emulsion completely covers the seeds, remove them, and place them in a 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, to which a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and an accelerator is added, and the mixture is stirred evenly to obtain the gelled alfalfa seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the alfalfa seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0086] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0087] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0088] Comparative Example 5:

[0089] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the grass seeds are not soaked in pine oil during the treatment process. The specific method is as follows:

[0090] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0091] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0092] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine, 0.8 g of succinic acid, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator;

[0093] S2: Select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds, place the seeds in 3 wt% sodium alginate gel, add a mixed solution of 5 wt% calcium chloride solution and accelerator, and stir evenly to obtain gel seeds; wherein the mass ratio of the seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:5:1:0.1;

[0094] S3: drying the gel grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h, and then passing the gel grass seeds through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0095] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0096] Comparative Example 6:

[0097] This comparative example is in contrast to Example 1, the only difference being that the grass seeds are not coated, but are directly soaked in the accelerator. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0098] (1) Same as Example 1;

[0099] (2) Grass seed treatment:

[0100] S1: Add 1 g of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to 100 ml of deionized water, raise the temperature to 70°C, and stir at 300 rpm for 10 min to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add 0.6 g of N-acetylcysteine, 0.8 g of succinic acid, 0.7 g of ammonium polyphosphate, and 0.5 g of sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator;

[0101] S2: Select intact, pest-free alfalfa seeds and soak them in an accelerator for 12 hours, i.e., until the accelerator completely covers the seeds. Remove the treated seeds.

[0102] S3: drying the treated grass seeds at 40° C. for 3 h to obtain coated grass seeds.

[0103] (3)-(4) are the same as in Example 1.

[0104] Blank control:

[0105] The blank control was compared with Example 1, except that the grass seeds were only coated during the no-tillage reseeding process. The coating agent in the alfalfa coated seeds consisted of seeds, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, phosphate rock, bentonite, and ammonium molybdate in a mass ratio of 10:0.03:0.5:2.5:0.03. The preparation method was as follows:

[0106] After spraying the seeds with clean water, a solution made with sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose is sprayed on the surface of the seeds, and then bentonite, phosphate rock powder and ammonium molybdate are added to make pellets to obtain alfalfa coated seeds.

[0107] The specific sowing process is as follows:

[0108] (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply fertilizer on the soil surface at a rate of 300 kg / hm2. 2 ;

[0109] (2) Sowing: Sowing was carried out in mid-May. A no-tillage loosening and seeding machine was used for row sowing with a row spacing of 15 cm. An inverted "T" type furrow opener was used with a furrow depth of 3 cm and a sowing depth of about 2 cm. The sowing rate was 30 kg / hm2. 2 After sowing, cover the soil with about 1 cm and press it down moderately to ensure that the soil is evenly buried.

[0110] (3) Post-sowing management: Water the sown grass seeds promptly and cover them with plastic film for protection. Remove the grass seeds 10 days after germination. Fence the area after reseeding and prohibit grazing in the same year. Monitor the reseeded grassland for insect and rodent damage at any time to detect and control it in a timely manner.

[0111] experiment:

[0112] The experimental site was selected from the school and divided into 8 plots, each with an area of ​​10m 2 The initial nitrogen content in the experimental plot was 200.9 mg / kg, available phosphorus was 10.9 mg / kg, and available potassium was 205 mg / kg. Before planting, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer was applied to the soil surface of each plot at a rate of 30 g / m 2 .

[0113] Mature, pest-free alfalfa was selected as the experimental grass seeds, and the experiments were conducted after the grass seeds were treated according to the methods of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-6, and a blank control.

[0114] Grass seeds were sown on May 10, 2023, with a seeding rate of 1,000 seeds per plot. Row spacing was 50 cm × 2 cm. Water was applied immediately after sowing. Weeds were removed by hand pulling. No fertilizer was applied after sowing. Watering treatment: Water was applied immediately after sowing and throughout the experiment depending on the weather.

[0115] Randomly select 1m 2 The number of germinations in the area was calculated 30 days after sowing, repeated three times, and the average germination rate was calculated. Seventy days after sowing, 20 alfalfa plants were randomly selected, and their longest root length was measured and averaged. The vertical height from the soil was measured with a tape measure, and the average plant height was taken. The stem diameter of the alfalfa plants was measured approximately 2 cm above the ground with a vernier caliper, and the average dry matter content was also measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1

[0117]

[0118] Analyzing Table 1, we can get:

[0119] 1. Comparative Example 1, compared with Example 1, does not add 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Comparative Example 2, compared with Example 1, does not add N-acetylcysteine. The average root length, average plant height, average stem thickness, and average dry matter content of alfalfa are significantly reduced. This is because 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and N-acetylcysteine ​​can induce the root tip cells of alfalfa to differentiate into tubular molecules, thereby promoting the formation of xylem vessels in the alfalfa root system and promoting the development of the root system. Therefore, the root system growth of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is relatively slow, resulting in insufficient absorption of water and nutrients in the soil by the root system, and growth is affected.

[0120] 2. Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, without the addition of succinic acid, the gel coating fell off more slowly, and the grass seeds were wrapped by the seed coating, resulting in reduced respiratory efficiency. In addition, the gel seed coating had an excessively high water content after watering, causing the seeds to rot, resulting in a reduced germination rate of the grass seeds. Furthermore, the lack of the addition of succinic acid also resulted in a lower absorption rate of nutrients and water from the soil by the germinated alfalfa roots, resulting in a slower growth rate of the alfalfa root system and reduced plant height, stem diameter, and dry matter weight of the alfalfa.

[0121] 3. Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 1, ammonium polyphosphate and sodium gluconate were not added. Since the soil was not plowed, the soil permeability was insufficient, making it difficult for the roots to take root, restricting the development of the root system and shortening the root length. It was difficult for the roots to absorb sufficient nutrients, resulting in reduced plant height, stem thickness and dry matter weight.

[0122] 4. Comparative Example 5 Compared with Example 1, the grass seeds were not soaked in pine oil during the treatment process. The prepared coated grass seeds fell off slowly after sowing, the gas exchange of the grass seeds in the gel-like seed coating was affected, and the excessively high water content caused the grass seeds to rot, resulting in a low germination rate of the grass seeds.

[0123] 5. Comparative Example 6, compared to Example 1, did not coat the grass seeds. Instead, the seeds were directly soaked in the accelerator for 12 hours. Simply soaking the grass seeds in the accelerator without using a gel coating prevented the accelerator from exerting a sustained effect on the grass seeds. This resulted in slower root development and shorter root length, resulting in insufficient root absorption of nutrients and significantly reduced alfalfa plant height, stem diameter, and dry matter content.

[0124] 6. In the blank control, compared with Example 1, only the grass seeds were coated during the no-till reseeding process, wherein the coating agent consisted of seeds, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, rock phosphate, bentonite, and ammonium molybdate. The coating in the blank control promoted germination of the grass seeds but did not effectively promote root growth and development. Consequently, root development of the alfalfa in the blank control was restricted, resulting in shorter root length and lower nutrient absorption rates, which in turn led to reduced plant height, stem diameter, and dry matter weight of the alfalfa.

[0125] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalents shall be encompassed by the claims of the present invention. Any techniques, shapes, and structures not described in detail herein are well known.

Claims

1. A no-tillage overseeding method for grassland restoration, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Soil preparation: clean up weeds and residual plants, keep the soil surface flat, and apply fertilizer to the soil surface; (2) Grass seed processing: making grass seeds into coated grass seeds; (3) No-till sowing: sow the coated grass seeds using a no-till seeding machine; (4) Post-sowing management: water the grass seeds and cover them for protection; fence off the re-sowing area and prohibit grazing in the same year; The preparation method of the coated grass seeds is as follows: S1: Add 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid to deionized water, increase the temperature to 70-80°C, and stir at 300-350 rpm for 10-15 minutes to obtain a 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution. Then, add N-acetylcysteine, succinic acid, ammonium polyphosphate, and sodium gluconate to the 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid solution, stir until completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature to obtain an accelerator. S2: Soak the grass seeds in pine oil emulsion for 20-30 seconds, remove them and place them in sodium alginate gel, add a mixed solution of calcium chloride solution and accelerator, and stir evenly to obtain gel grass seeds; S3: drying the gel grass seeds at a temperature of 40-45° C., and then passing them through a vibrating screening machine with a 16-mesh sieve to obtain coated grass seeds.

2. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage reseeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer applied in step (1) is a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and the amount applied is 300-450 kg / hm 2 .

3. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage reseeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step (2), the grass seeds are selected from a mixture of one or more of alfalfa, chinensis, prunella vulgaris, Elymus dactylis, and Hordeum vulgare.

4. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage reseeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sowing rate of the coated grass seeds in step (3) is 30-40 kg / hm2. 2 .

5. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage reseeding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass ratio of 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, N-acetylcysteine, succinic acid, ammonium polyphosphate, and sodium gluconate in the accelerator of step S1 is (1-1.2): (0.6-0.8): (0.8-1): (0.7-0.9): (0.5-0.6).

6. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage overseeding according to claim 5, characterized in that: Preparation of the pine oil emulsion in step S2: Pine oil, polysorbate and deionized water are prepared into an emulsion with a concentration of 2 wt%, wherein the mass ratio of pine oil to polysorbate is 10:

1.

7. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage overseeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The concentration of the sodium alginate gel in step S2 is 3 wt %, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 5 wt %.

8. The method for restoring grassland by no-tillage overseeding according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of grass seeds, sodium alginate gel, calcium chloride solution, and accelerator is 1:(5-6):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15).

Images