Three-axle bogie flexible base braking device and three-axle bogie

Abstract

This invention discloses a flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie and the three-axle bogie itself. The flexible base braking device includes a combined brake beam unit, a flexible braking unit, and a lever guide unit. The combined brake beam unit comprises a first combined brake beam, a second combined brake beam, and a third combined brake beam. The flexible braking unit is a flexible linkage mechanism, flexibly connected to the first, second, and third combined brake beams respectively. The lever guide unit is located above the bolster beam and below the flexible braking unit, and is configured to make movable contact with the flexible braking unit through a limiting structure, for guiding the flexible braking unit. The flexible base braking device of this invention can fully utilize the flexible connection to solve the problems of poor release of lever braking devices and obstruction and jamming during braking release, thereby improving the curve-passing capability of the three-axle bogie.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie and a three-axle bogie. Background Technology

[0002] A three-axle bogie consists of a frame, vibration damping system, basic braking system, three wheelsets, and axle boxes. Compared to a two-axle bogie, a three-axle bogie has an additional wheelset, making its structure more complex, and the basic braking system for the three-axle bogie is even more complex.

[0003] Due to the increased number of axles, three-axle bogies have limited space. Influenced by the position of the intermediate axle and the space between the combined brake beam and the lower part of the vehicle, if the basic braking device of a three-axle bogie adopts a similar center tie rod or lower tie rod braking method as that of a two-axle bogie, the floating lever will require a large travel space. However, due to the structural limitations of a three-axle bogie, the space available for the floating lever to move is very limited, making the structure difficult to implement. Furthermore, after the brake shoes wear out, the braking efficiency decreases significantly.

[0004] One document reports a frame-type three-axle bogie basic braking device, in which four brake beams with brake shoes are horizontally suspended on brake shoe supports. The two middle brake shoes are used to brake the middle wheel, and the two side brake shoes are used to brake the two side wheels. The brake shoes on the four brake beams brake the wheels during braking through a four-bar linkage drive mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, one object of the present invention is to provide a flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie, which can make full use of flexible connections to solve the problems of poor release of lever braking devices and obstruction and jamming during the braking release process. Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-axle bogie.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above objectives using the following technical solutions.

[0007] This invention provides a flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie. The three-axle bogie includes a frame, which includes a bolster beam, two crossbeams, and two side beams. The two side beams are arranged in parallel, and the two crossbeams are arranged perpendicularly between the two side beams and spaced apart. The two crossbeams are a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam, respectively. The bolster beam is arranged perpendicularly between the two crossbeams and is located in the middle of the frame.

[0008] The flexible base braking device of the three-axle bogie includes a combined brake beam unit, a flexible braking unit, and a lever guide unit;

[0009] The combined brake beam unit includes a first combined brake beam, a second combined brake beam, and a third combined brake beam; the first and second combined brake beams are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first crossbeam; the third combined brake beam is arranged on the side of the second crossbeam away from the first crossbeam.

[0010] The flexible braking unit is a flexible linkage mechanism, which is configured to be flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, the second combined brake beam and the third combined brake beam respectively.

[0011] The lever guide unit is positioned above the bolster beam and below the flexible braking unit. It is configured to make movable contact with the flexible braking unit via a limiting structure, guiding the flexible braking unit. This fully utilizes the flexible connection, resolving issues such as poor lever braking release and obstruction / jamming during braking, thus improving the curve-clearing capability of the three-axle bogie. Furthermore, the lever guide unit ensures the correct braking direction through guidance and limiting.

[0012] In this invention, the first, second, and third combined brake beams have essentially the same structure, being combined slider brake beams, each including an isosceles triangular structural member and a column. The isosceles triangular structural member includes a base and two sides. It can be a one-piece molded structure or a connected structure. The column is perpendicular to the base. One end of the column is connected to the vertex of the isosceles triangular structural member, and the other end is connected to the base of the isosceles triangular structural member. In this invention, the three-axle bogie also includes three sets of wheelsets, disposed below the frame.

[0013] According to the flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie of the present invention, preferably, the flexible braking unit includes a first fixed lever, a second fixed lever, a third fixed lever, a floating horizontal lever, a connecting rod, a horizontal lever, and a tie rod;

[0014] One end of the first fixed lever is flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the floating horizontal lever;

[0015] The other end of the movable horizontal lever is the free end;

[0016] One end of the second fixed lever is flexibly connected to the second combined brake beam, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the horizontal lever;

[0017] The horizontal lever and the movable horizontal lever are spaced apart and flexibly connected by the connecting rod; the end of the horizontal lever away from the second fixed lever is flexibly connected to the pull bar; the horizontal lever and the pull bar are arranged substantially perpendicularly.

[0018] The end of the pull bar furthest from the horizontal lever is flexibly connected to one end of the third fixed lever; the other end of the third fixed lever is flexibly connected to the third combined brake beam. This flexible connection helps to solve problems such as poor lever braking and obstruction and jamming during braking release.

[0019] According to the flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie of the present invention, preferably, the flexible braking unit further includes multiple ball joint bushings, chain link assemblies, a first chain shoe ring, and a second chain shoe ring;

[0020] The movable horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the first fixed lever via the chain link assembly; the horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the second fixed lever via the first chain hoof ring; the third fixed lever is flexibly connected to the pull bar via the second chain hoof ring.

[0021] The tie rod and the horizontal lever are flexibly connected via ball joint bushings; the connecting rod is flexibly connected to the horizontal lever and the floating horizontal lever respectively via ball joint bushings; the first fixed lever, the second fixed lever, and the third fixed lever are flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, the second combined brake beam, and the third combined brake beam respectively via ball joint bushings. This flexible linkage mechanism uses ball joint bushings and flexible chains for flexible connections, achieving flexible connections within assembly gaps, increasing the pin's range of motion and the lever's degree of freedom, avoiding obstruction and jamming during brake release, and improving the curve-passing capability of the three-axle bogie. The flexible connection between the connecting rod and the floating and horizontal levers helps maintain braking force even after brake shoe wear.

[0022] In this invention, the ball joint bushing connection method increases the mobility of the connection and effectively increases the contact area, improving the stress state at the connection. The flexible connection of the chain hoof ring and the chain link assembly enhances the flexibility of the lever action, facilitating the natural release of the basic braking device. Simultaneously, it avoids the phenomenon of the basic braking device becoming stuck or obstructed when navigating curves due to the wheelbase of the first and third wheelsets of the three-axle bogie being too long compared to the two-axle bogie, thus improving the curve-passing capability of the three-axle bogie.

[0023] In this invention, the first fixed lever, the second fixed lever, the third fixed lever, the movable horizontal lever, and the horizontal lever each have pin holes at both ends, and ball joint bushings are installed in each pin hole. In some embodiments, the ball joint bushing is formed by a spherical drum-shaped inner liner, an upper sleeve, and a lower sleeve; a hole is provided in the middle of the spherical drum-shaped inner liner, and the upper and lower sleeves are respectively arranged around the spherical drum-shaped inner liner, with the upper sleeve positioned above the lower sleeve. In this invention, the movable horizontal lever and the horizontal lever each have pin holes in their middle attachments, and ball joint bushings are installed in these pin holes.

[0024] In this invention, the floating horizontal lever and the first fixed lever are connected by a flexible fulcrum of a chain link assembly, achieving horizontal and vertical spatial force transmission. The horizontal lever and the second fixed lever, as well as the pull bar and the third fixed lever, are connected by a flexible fulcrum of a chain hoof ring, achieving horizontal and vertical spatial force transmission.

[0025] In some specific implementations, the floating horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the first fixed lever via the chain link assembly and the ball joint bushing; the horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the second fixed lever via the first chain hoof ring and the ball joint bushing; and the third fixed lever is flexibly connected to the pull bar via the second chain hoof ring and the ball joint bushing.

[0026] In the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention, preferably, the first fixed lever, the second fixed lever, and the third fixed lever are all double-bend structures. This allows for better adaptation to the inner space of the integral welded frame and avoids interference. The double-bend structure of the present invention has a similar "Z" shape.

[0027] According to the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention, preferably, the third fixed lever includes a first lever portion, a second lever portion, and a third lever portion connected in sequence; the first lever portion, the second lever portion, and the third lever portion form a double-bend structure;

[0028] The end of the first lever portion furthest from the second lever portion is flexibly connected to the pull bar; the first lever portion and the second lever portion form an L-shaped structure, with the included angle opening facing away from the third combined brake beam; the included angle between the plane containing the second lever portion and the third combined brake beam is greater than 20° and less than 75°; the end of the third lever portion furthest from the second lever portion is flexibly connected to the third combined brake beam. This structure can better adapt to the inner space of the integral welded frame, avoid interference, and facilitate braking, thereby improving braking efficiency.

[0029] In this invention, the angle between the second lever portion and the plane containing the third combined brake beam is preferably greater than 25° and less than 65°. The first lever portion is substantially vertically positioned.

[0030] According to the flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie of the present invention, preferably, the flexible braking unit further includes a connecting seat and a fixed seat; one end of the connecting seat is flexibly connected to a position near the middle of the second lever portion via a ball joint bushing, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the fixed seat via a ball joint bushing; the other end of the fixed seat is fixed to the side wall of the second crossbeam. This fixes the flexible braking unit to the frame while simultaneously achieving a flexible connection.

[0031] The three-axle bogie flexible base braking device according to the present invention is preferably:

[0032] The lever guide unit includes two guide beams, a support plate, and guide beam limiting plates; wherein, the two guide beams are arranged parallel to each other; each guide beam includes a vertically connected vertical plate and a horizontal plate; the support plate is vertically arranged below the two guide beams and close to the ends of the guide beams; the guide beam limiting plates are arranged at both ends of the guide beams;

[0033] The limiting structure is located at the bottom of the movable horizontal lever and the horizontal lever, and its projection in the horizontal direction is L-shaped.

[0034] The limiting structure is designed to match the horizontal plate of the guide beam. This ensures and restricts the flexible lever mechanism from moving horizontally within a certain height range during the braking and releasing action.

[0035] According to the flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie of the present invention, preferably, the lever guide unit further includes multiple reinforcing ribs; the multiple reinforcing ribs are respectively distributed on the outer side of the vertical plate of the guide beam and perpendicular to the vertical plate. This helps to improve the structural stability of the lever guide unit.

[0036] According to the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention, preferably, a plurality of sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the first crossbeam; a plurality of sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the second crossbeam away from the first crossbeam;

[0037] Multiple brake shoe supports are symmetrically arranged on the first, second, and third combined brake beams; brake shoes are provided on the brake shoe supports.

[0038] The brake shoe support matches the sliding groove body. Thus, the flexible base braking device for the three-axle bogie, by setting up three combined brake beams and employing six brake shoes, meets the emergency braking requirements of the train and improves operational safety.

[0039] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a three-axle bogie, which includes the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device as described above. The three-axle bogie of the present invention also includes a frame, on which the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device is disposed.

[0040] The frame of this invention includes a bolster beam, two crossbeams, and two side beams. The two side beams are arranged in parallel, and the two crossbeams are arranged perpendicularly between the two side beams, with the two crossbeams spaced apart. The two crossbeams are a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam, respectively. The bolster beam is arranged perpendicularly between the two crossbeams and is located in the middle of the frame.

[0041] The first and second combined brake beams of the flexible base braking device for the three-axle bogie are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first crossbeam; the third combined brake beam is arranged on the side of the second crossbeam away from the first crossbeam.

[0042] The lever guide unit of the flexible base braking device of the three-axle bogie is located above the bolster beam and below the flexible braking unit of the flexible base braking device of the three-axle bogie. It is configured to make movable contact with the flexible braking unit through a limiting structure, and is used to guide the flexible braking unit.

[0043] The flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie of the present invention can fully utilize flexible connections to solve the problems of poor release of lever braking devices and obstruction and jamming during the braking release process, thereby improving the curve-passing capability of the three-axle bogie. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, flexible connection methods such as ball joint bushings and flexible chains are used to enhance the flexibility of lever movement; by setting a lever guide device, the horizontal lever is kept horizontally within a certain height range without reducing braking efficiency; and through the linkage structure, braking force can be maintained through guide holes after brake shoe wear. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-axis bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the three-axis bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the horizontal lever of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a top view of the horizontal lever of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ball joint bushing according to the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lever guide unit of the present invention.

[0051] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0052] 1-Frame, 11-Pillow beam, 12-First crossbeam, 13-Second crossbeam, 14-Side beam;

[0053] 100-Flexible base braking device for three-axle bogie; 110-Combined brake beam unit, 111-First combined brake beam, 112-Second combined brake beam, 113-Third combined brake beam, 1101-Brake shoe support, 1102-Brake shoe; 120-Flexible braking unit, 121-First fixed lever, 122-Second fixed lever, 123-Third fixed lever, 1231-First lever section, 1232-Second lever section, 1233-Third lever section, 124-Wandering horizontal lever, 125-Connecting rod, 126-Horizontal lever, 127-Tie bar, 128-Connecting seat, 129-Fixed seat; 130-Lever guide unit, 131-Guide beam, 132-Support plate, 133-Guide beam limiting plate, 134-Reinforcing rib plate; 140-Limiting structure;

[0054] 40-Spherical hinge bushing; 41-Spherical drum-shaped inner liner; 42-Upper sleeve body; 43-Lower sleeve body; 50-Chain link assembly; 60-First chain hoof ring; 70-Second chain hoof ring. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible base braking device for a three-axis bogie according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is an isometric view of the three-axis bogie flexible base braking device of the present invention. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram. Figure 4 This is a front view schematic diagram of the horizontal lever of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a top view of the horizontal lever of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ball joint bushing according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lever guide unit of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, the three-axle bogie of the present invention comprises a frame 1 and three sets of wheelsets. The three sets of wheelsets are disposed below the frame 1. The frame 1 includes a bolster beam 11, two crossbeams, and two side beams 14. The frame 1 can be a one-piece molded structure. The two side beams 14 are arranged in parallel, and the two crossbeams are arranged perpendicularly between the two side beams 14, with the two crossbeams spaced apart. The two crossbeams are a first crossbeam 12 and a second crossbeam 13, respectively. The bolster beam 11 is arranged perpendicularly between the two crossbeams, and the bolster beam 11 is located in the middle of the frame 1.

[0059] Four sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the first crossbeam 12. Two sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the second crossbeam 13, away from the first crossbeam 12.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the flexible base braking device 100 for the three-axis bogie of the present invention includes a combined brake beam unit 110, a flexible braking unit 120, a lever guide unit 130, and a limiting structure 140.

[0061] The combined brake beam unit 110 includes a first combined brake beam 111, a second combined brake beam 112, and a third combined brake beam 113. The first combined brake beam 111 and the second combined brake beam 112 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first crossbeam 12. The third combined brake beam 113 is located on the side of the second crossbeam 13 away from the first crossbeam 12.

[0062] like Figure 2 As shown, the first combined brake beam 111, the second combined brake beam 112, and the third combined brake beam 113 have basically the same structure, each including an isosceles triangular structural member and a column, with the column perpendicular to the base of the isosceles triangular structural member. One end of the column is connected to the vertex of the isosceles triangular structural member, and the other end is connected to the base.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, brake shoe supports 1101 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first combined brake beam 111, the second combined brake beam 112, and the third combined brake beam 113. Brake shoes 1102 are provided on the brake shoe supports 1101. The brake shoe supports 1101 are matched with the sliding groove body. In this way, the flexible base braking device 100 of the three-axle bogie can be fixed to the frame 1 through the matching connection between the brake shoe supports 1101 and the sliding groove body. The pressure of the brake cylinder can be amplified and then used to generate friction braking force through the interaction between the brake shoes 1102 and the wheelset to achieve mechanical braking.

[0064] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the flexible braking unit 120 is a flexible linkage mechanism, which is flexibly connected to the first combined braking beam 111, the second combined braking beam 112 and the third combined braking beam 113 respectively.

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the flexible braking unit 120 includes a first fixed lever 121, a second fixed lever 122, a third fixed lever 123, a floating horizontal lever 124, a connecting rod 125, a horizontal lever 126, a pull bar 127, a connecting seat 128, a fixed seat 129, a ball joint bushing 40, a chain link assembly 50, a first chain hoof ring 60, and a second chain hoof ring 70.

[0066] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the first fixed lever 121, the second fixed lever 122, the third fixed lever 123, the floating horizontal lever 124, and the horizontal lever 126 are each provided with pin holes at both ends, and ball joint bushings 40 are installed in the pin holes. The ball joint bushing 40 is composed of a ball drum-shaped inner bushing 41, an upper sleeve body 42, and a lower sleeve body 43.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first fixed lever 121, the second fixed lever 122 and the third fixed lever 123 are all double-bend structures, that is, they are similar to a "Z" shape.

[0068] One end of the first fixed lever 121 is flexibly connected to the column of the first combined brake beam 111 via a ball joint bushing 40, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the floating horizontal lever 124 via a chain link assembly 50. The other end of the floating horizontal lever 124 is a free end.

[0069] One end of the second fixed lever 122 is flexibly connected to the column of the second combined brake beam 112 through the ball joint bushing 40, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the horizontal lever 126 through the first chain hoof ring 60.

[0070] Both the horizontal lever 126 and the movable horizontal lever 124 have pin holes in their middle sections, and ball joint bushings 40 are installed in each pin hole. The horizontal lever 126 and the movable horizontal lever 124 are spaced apart, and their middle sections are flexibly connected by a connecting rod 125 and a ball joint bushing 40. The end of the horizontal lever 126 away from the second fixed lever 122 is flexibly connected to the pull bar 127 by the ball joint bushing 40. The horizontal lever 126 and the pull bar 127 are substantially perpendicular.

[0071] The end of the pull bar 127 away from the horizontal lever 126 is flexibly connected to the end of the third fixed lever 123 through the second chain hoof ring 70.

[0072] like Figure 3As shown, the third fixed lever 123 includes a first lever portion 1231, a second lever portion 1232, and a third lever portion 1233 connected in sequence. The first lever portion 1231, the second lever portion 1232, and the third lever portion 1233 form a double-bend structure. The end of the first lever portion 1231 away from the second lever portion 1232 is flexibly connected to the pull bar 127 via a second chain hoof ring 70. The first lever portion 1231 and the second lever portion 1232 form an L-shaped structure, and the included angle between them faces upward, that is, the included angle between them faces away from the third combined brake beam 113. The included angle between the plane containing the second lever portion 1232 and the third combined brake beam 113 is greater than 20° and less than 75°, preferably greater than or equal to 25° and less than 65°. The end of the third lever portion 1233 away from the second lever portion 1232 is flexibly connected to the third combined brake beam 113 via a ball joint bushing 40.

[0073] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the connecting seat 128 is flexibly connected to a position near the middle of the second lever via a ball joint bushing 40, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the fixed seat 129 via the ball joint bushing 40. The other end of the fixed seat 129 is fixed to the side wall of the second crossbeam 13.

[0074] The lever guide unit 130 is disposed above the bolster beam 11 and below the flexible braking unit 120. It is in movable contact with the flexible braking unit 120 through the limiting structure 140 and is used to guide the flexible braking unit 120.

[0075] The lever guide unit 130 includes two guide beams 131, a support plate 132, a guide beam limiting plate 133, and reinforcing ribs 134. The two guide beams 131 are arranged parallel to each other. Each guide beam 131 includes a vertically connected vertical plate and a horizontal plate. The support plate 132 is vertically positioned below the two guide beams 131 and near the ends of the guide beams 131. The guide beam limiting plate 133 is located at both ends of the guide beams 131. Multiple reinforcing ribs 134 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the vertical plate of the guide beams 131 and are perpendicular to the vertical plate.

[0076] The limiting structure 140 is disposed at the bottom of the movable horizontal lever 124 and the horizontal lever 126, and its horizontal projection is L-shaped. There are multiple limiting structures 140, for example, four. Two limiting structures 140 are disposed at the bottom of the movable horizontal lever 124, and the other two are disposed at the bottom of the horizontal lever 126. Each limiting structure 140 includes a base and an L-shaped limiting block. The base is disposed at the bottom of both the movable horizontal lever 124 and the horizontal lever 126, and the L-shaped limiting block is disposed on the base.

[0077] The limiting structure 140 matches the horizontal plate of the guide beam 131, thereby guiding and limiting the flexible braking unit 120 through the lever guide unit 130 and the limiting structure 140.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] This embodiment provides a three-axle bogie, which includes the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device 100 of Embodiment 1.

[0080] This invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any modifications, improvements, or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential content of this invention fall within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A flexible base braking device for a three-axle bogie, the three-axle bogie comprising a frame, the frame including a bolster beam, two crossbeams, and two side beams; the two side beams are arranged in parallel, and the two crossbeams are arranged perpendicularly between the two side beams, with the two crossbeams spaced apart; the two crossbeams are respectively a first crossbeam and a second crossbeam; the bolster beam is arranged perpendicularly between the two crossbeams, and the bolster beam is located in the middle of the frame; characterized in that: The flexible base braking device of the three-axle bogie includes a combined brake beam unit, a flexible braking unit, and a lever guide unit; The combined brake beam unit includes a first combined brake beam, a second combined brake beam, and a third combined brake beam; the first and second combined brake beams are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first crossbeam; the third combined brake beam is arranged on the side of the second crossbeam away from the first crossbeam. The flexible braking unit is a flexible linkage mechanism, which is configured to be flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, the second combined brake beam and the third combined brake beam respectively. The lever guide unit is located above the bolster beam and below the flexible braking unit. It is configured to make movable contact with the flexible braking unit through a limiting structure, and is used to guide the flexible braking unit. The flexible braking unit includes a first fixed lever, a second fixed lever, a third fixed lever, a floating horizontal lever, a connecting rod, a horizontal lever, and a pull bar; One end of the first fixed lever is flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the floating horizontal lever; The other end of the movable horizontal lever is the free end; One end of the second fixed lever is flexibly connected to the second combined brake beam, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the horizontal lever; The horizontal lever and the movable horizontal lever are spaced apart and flexibly connected by the connecting rod; the end of the horizontal lever away from the second fixed lever is flexibly connected to the pull bar; the horizontal lever and the pull bar are arranged substantially perpendicularly. The end of the pull bar away from the horizontal lever is flexibly connected to one end of the third fixed lever; the other end of the third fixed lever is flexibly connected to the third combined brake beam. The lever guide unit includes two guide beams, a support plate, and guide beam limiting plates; wherein, the two guide beams are arranged parallel to each other; each guide beam includes a vertically connected vertical plate and a horizontal plate; the support plate is vertically arranged below the two guide beams and close to the ends of the guide beams; the guide beam limiting plates are arranged at both ends of the guide beams; The limiting structure is located at the bottom of the movable horizontal lever and the horizontal lever, and its projection in the horizontal direction is L-shaped. The limiting structure is configured to match the horizontal plate of the guide beam.

2. The three-axle bogie flexible base braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible braking unit also includes multiple ball joint bushings, chain link assemblies, a first chain hoof ring, and a second chain hoof ring. The movable horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the first fixed lever via the chain link assembly; the horizontal lever is flexibly connected to the second fixed lever via the first chain hoof ring; the third fixed lever is flexibly connected to the pull bar via the second chain hoof ring. The pull bar is flexibly connected to the horizontal lever via a ball joint bushing; the connecting rod is flexibly connected to the horizontal lever and the floating horizontal lever via ball joint bushings respectively; the first fixed lever, the second fixed lever, and the third fixed lever are flexibly connected to the first combined brake beam, the second combined brake beam, and the third combined brake beam respectively via ball joint bushings.

3. The three-axle bogie flexible base braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first fixed lever, the second fixed lever, and the third fixed lever are all double-bend structures.

4. The three-axle bogie flexible foundation braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third fixed lever includes a first lever section, a second lever section, and a third lever section connected in sequence; the first lever section, the second lever section, and the third lever section form a double-bend structure; The end of the first lever portion away from the second lever portion is flexibly connected to the pull bar; the first lever portion and the second lever portion form an L-shaped structure, and the included angle between them faces away from the third combined brake beam; the included angle between the plane where the second lever portion and the third combined brake beam are located is greater than 20° and less than 75°; the end of the third lever portion away from the second lever portion is flexibly connected to the third combined brake beam.

5. The three-axle bogie flexible base braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flexible braking unit further includes a connecting seat and a fixing seat; one end of the connecting seat is flexibly connected to a position near the middle of the second lever part through a ball joint bushing, and the other end is flexibly connected to one end of the fixing seat through a ball joint bushing; the other end of the fixing seat is fixed to the side wall of the second crossbeam.

6. The braking device for a flexible base of a three-axle bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lever guide unit also includes multiple reinforcing ribs; the multiple reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed on the outside of the vertical plate of the guide beam and are perpendicular to the vertical plate.

7. The three-axle bogie flexible base braking device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Multiple sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the first crossbeam; multiple sliding grooves are symmetrically arranged below the second crossbeam away from the first crossbeam. Multiple brake shoe supports are symmetrically arranged on the first, second, and third combined brake beams; brake shoes are provided on the brake shoe supports. The brake shoe support is matched with the slide body.

8. A three-axle bogie, characterized in that, It includes the three-axle bogie flexible base braking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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