Calcium Ammonium Chloride Rod
By acidifying the blood with ammonium chloride in the calcium chloride rod, and combining it with the stability of vitamin D3 and B6, an electrostatic cross-linked network structure is formed, which solves the problems of milk leakage and milk pressure in the milking process of dairy cows, and achieves rapid reduction of milk yield and feed intake, thus improving the drying effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA AGRI UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are prone to milk leakage, increased pressure in the udder area, and infection risks during the drying process of dairy cows. The effectiveness of traditional control methods is gradually weakening, making it difficult to effectively reduce milk production and feed intake.
The product uses ammonium chloride calcium rods, which generate hydrogen ions through ammonium chloride to acidify the blood. Combined with the stability of vitamin D3 and vitamin B6, eugenol is used to modify cysteine to form an electrostatic cross-linked network structure, which inhibits milk secretion and calcium absorption, reduces appetite and feed intake, and reduces milk leakage.
It achieves rapid drying, reduces pressure on the breast area, decreases the risk of leakage, and improves health and efficiency during the drying period.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of feed and relates to an ammonium chloride calcium rod. Background Technology
[0002] During the production process, dairy cows consume a large amount of nutrients through prolonged lactation and fetal growth, making them prone to fatigue and injury. To ensure healthy fetal development and allow the cow to recover, the rumen and mammary glands undergo a repair process. In the last two months of pregnancy, milk production needs to be artificially stopped; this process is called dry milking. Scientifically and properly dry milking can extend the working life of dairy cows, maintain their optimal condition, and lay a solid foundation for optimal production performance in the next lactation and reproductive cycle, maximizing economic benefits. However, with increasing milk yields, more and more cows are producing excessively high yields during dry milking. A single routine dry milking operation can easily lead to milk leakage, which is detrimental to mammary gland repair and the effectiveness of dry milk medication, while also increasing the likelihood of new infections in the udder area during the dry milking period. Furthermore, the increased pressure in the udder area after milking stops can cause discomfort in cows, affecting their feeding and lying-down behaviors, thus increasing dry milk stress. Milk leakage after drying is generally controlled by adjusting dry matter intake before drying, gradual drying, medication (such as cabergoline), and the use of teat sealants. However, the effectiveness of these control methods decreases as milk production increases at the time of drying. Therefore, proactively reducing milk production before and after drying to decrease teat pressure and reduce the risk of leakage has become a key focus for dairy cows to successfully navigate the dry period. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ammonium chloride calcium bar. When dairy cows ingest ammonium chloride, the ammonium combines with urea and carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen ions, acidifying the blood and leading to metabolic acidosis. This reduces the cow's appetite and feed intake, inhibits milk secretion, reduces milk leakage, and achieves rapid drying. Calcium chloride and calcium sulfate can assist ammonium chloride in acidifying the blood. This invention uses sodium tripolyphosphate to maintain the stability of vitamin D3 and vitamin B6, inhibit prolactin synthesis, promote calcium absorption, and prevent hypocalcemia and excessive milk secretion. This invention also uses eugenol to modify cysteine, increasing its stability and dispersibility. Eugenol forms an electrostatic interaction with sodium tripolyphosphate, creating a stable cross-linked network structure, increasing the binding force between the coating layer and the raw material, preventing the loss of effective drying components, and achieving a superior drying effect.
[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0005] Calcium ammonium chloride rods, comprising the following components by weight:
[0006]
[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, sodium tripolyphosphate can significantly solve the problem of powder agglomeration and improve powder dispersibility during the mixing process of various raw materials, thereby improving the mixing efficiency.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after dairy cows ingest ammonium chloride, the ammonium is digested in the rumen and then combines with urea and carbon dioxide in the liver to produce a large number of hydrogen ions, acidifying the blood. The bicarbonate content in the blood decreases, and chloride ions are excreted through the kidneys, carrying away sodium ions, leading to metabolic acidosis. This can cause a decrease in the cow's appetite and feed intake, inhibiting milk secretion, thereby reducing pressure in the udder after drying, reducing milk leakage, and achieving a rapid drying effect.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, calcium chloride and calcium sulfate, after ingestion, can acidify the blood and assist ammonium chloride in taking effect; while sodium tripolyphosphate can maintain the stability of vitamin D3 and vitamin B6. Vitamin B6, as an auxiliary dry-milk component, plays a coenzyme role in decarboxylation and amino transfer, increasing the conversion rate of dopamine to dopamine in the hypothalamus, thereby inhibiting prolactin synthesis. At the same time, vitamin D3 promotes calcium absorption and utilization, enabling dairy cows to quickly supplement calcium. This can avoid the impact of reduced calcium absorption caused by decreased feed intake after dry-milk (feed conversion stress and the effect of ammonium chloride), preventing hypocalcemia. While increasing blood calcium, it can also inhibit mammary gland secretion, reduce mammary gland pressure after dry-milk, and reduce milk leakage.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention modifies cysteine with eugenol to increase its stability and dispersibility. Then, by adding sodium tripolyphosphate, the agglomeration of other powders is reduced during mixing. Furthermore, the positively charged amino group on the modified cysteine forms an electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged phosphate ions on the sodium tripolyphosphate, forming a more stable cross-linked network structure. Its amino group can also undergo a Schiff base reaction with eugenol. Both contain rigid benzene rings, resulting in good binding and stability of the coating layer. In addition, both eugenol and eugenol contain phenolic hydroxyl groups, which can form hydrogen bonds with vitamin D3 and vitamin B6, increasing the binding force between the coating layer and the raw materials, forming more stable and smaller particle size particles, achieving a better sustained-release effect, effectively preventing the loss of effective dry milk components, and achieving a better dry milk effect.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps: mixing eugenol, cysteine and a photoinitiator, and reacting them under ultraviolet light irradiation to obtain modified cysteine.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation is 360-370nm; the reaction time is 6-8h.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine and photoinitiator is 18:9.0-9.5:0.9-1.2.
[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173.
[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:8-9.
[0016] This invention discloses a method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod, comprising the following steps:
[0017] Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine, and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring and mixing time is 15-20 min; the maturation time is 45-60 min.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heating and stirring are carried out at 30-35°C for 6-8 hours.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cooling is performed by cooling in a -20°C frozen brine pool for 1 hour; the constant temperature is performed by maintaining a constant temperature at 80°C for 5-7 seconds; and the freezing is performed by freezing at -18°C for 20 seconds.
[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:
[0022] When dairy cows ingest ammonium chloride, the ammonium combines with urea and carbon dioxide in the liver, producing hydrogen ions that acidify the blood, leading to metabolic acidosis. This reduces the cow's appetite and feed intake, inhibits milk secretion, reduces milk leakage, and achieves rapid drying. Simultaneously, calcium chloride and calcium sulfate assist ammonium chloride in acidifying the blood, while sodium tripolyphosphate maintains the stability of vitamin D3 and vitamin B6. Vitamin B6 inhibits prolactin synthesis, and vitamin D3 promotes calcium absorption, preventing hypocalcemia and excessive milk secretion. This invention modifies cysteine with eugenol, increasing its stability and dispersibility, and forms an electrostatic interaction with sodium tripolyphosphate, creating a stable cross-linked network structure. This increases the binding force between the coating layer and the raw material, preventing the loss of effective drying components and achieving a superior drying effect. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.
[0024] Example 1
[0025] An ammonium chloride calcium rod comprises the following components in parts by weight:
[0026]
[0027] The solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:8;
[0028] The method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps:
[0029] Eugenol, cysteine, and a photoinitiator were mixed and reacted under ultraviolet light to obtain modified cysteine; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation was 360 nm; the reaction time was 6 h; the mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine, and photoinitiator was 18:9.0:0.9; and the photoinitiator was photoinitiator 1173.
[0030] The method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod includes the following steps:
[0031] Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
[0032] The mixing time is 15 minutes; the maturation time is 45 minutes; the heating and stirring is carried out at 30°C for 6 hours; the cooling is carried out in a -20°C frozen brine bath for 1 hour; the constant temperature is maintained at 80°C for 5 seconds; and the freezing is carried out at -18°C for 20 seconds.
[0033] Example 2
[0034] An ammonium chloride calcium rod comprises the following components in parts by weight:
[0035]
[0036]
[0037] The solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:8.3;
[0038] The method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps:
[0039] Eugenol, cysteine, and a photoinitiator were mixed and reacted under ultraviolet light to obtain modified cysteine; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation was 363 nm; the reaction time was 6.5 h; the mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine, and photoinitiator was 18:9.2:1; and the photoinitiator was photoinitiator 1173.
[0040] The method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod includes the following steps:
[0041] Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
[0042] The mixing time is 17 minutes; the maturation time is 50 minutes; the heating and stirring is carried out at 32°C for 6.5 hours; the cooling is carried out in a -20°C frozen brine bath for 1 hour; the constant temperature is maintained at 80°C for 6 seconds; and the freezing is carried out at -18°C for 20 seconds.
[0043] Example 3
[0044] An ammonium chloride calcium rod comprises the following components in parts by weight:
[0045]
[0046]
[0047] The solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:8.7;
[0048] The method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps:
[0049] Eugenol, cysteine, and a photoinitiator were mixed and reacted under ultraviolet light to obtain modified cysteine; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation was 367 nm; the reaction time was 7.5 h; the mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine, and photoinitiator was 18:9.3:1.1; and the photoinitiator was photoinitiator 1173.
[0050] The method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod includes the following steps:
[0051] Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
[0052] The mixing time is 18 minutes; the maturation time is 55 minutes; the heating and stirring is carried out at 33°C for 7.5 hours; the cooling is carried out in a -20°C frozen brine bath for 1 hour; the constant temperature is carried out at 80°C for 6 seconds; and the freezing is carried out at -18°C for 20 seconds.
[0053] Example 4
[0054] An ammonium chloride calcium rod comprises the following components in parts by weight:
[0055]
[0056]
[0057] The solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:9;
[0058] The method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps:
[0059] Eugenol, cysteine, and a photoinitiator were mixed and reacted under ultraviolet light to obtain modified cysteine; the wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation was 370 nm; the reaction time was 8 h; the mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine, and photoinitiator was 18:9.5:1.2; and the photoinitiator was photoinitiator 1173.
[0060] The method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod includes the following steps:
[0061] Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
[0062] The mixing time is 20 minutes; the maturation time is 60 minutes; the heating and stirring is carried out at 35°C for 8 hours; the cooling is carried out in a -20°C frozen brine bath for 1 hour; the constant temperature is maintained at 80°C for 7 seconds; and the freezing is carried out at -18°C for 20 seconds.
[0063] Comparative Example 1
[0064] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 1 differs in that cysteine is not modified, and an equal amount of cysteine is used to replace the modified cysteine, while the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.
[0065] Comparative Example 2
[0066] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Example 2 differs in that cinnamaldehyde is used instead of eugenol, while the other components, preparation steps and parameters are the same.
[0067] Comparative Examples 3-5
[0068] Compared with Example 2, Comparative Examples 3-5 differ in that the weight proportions of vitamin B6, vitamin D3, and sodium tripolyphosphate are as shown in Table 1, while the remaining components, preparation steps, and parameters are the same.
[0069] Table 1
[0070] <![CDATA[Vitamin B6]]> <![CDATA[Vitamin D3]]> Sodium tripolyphosphate Comparative Example 3 0 1.2 1.8 Comparative Example 4 1.6 0 1.4 Comparative Example 5 1.7 1.3 0
[0071] 1. Materials and Methods
[0072] 1.1 Selection, grouping and management of experimental dairy cows
[0073] Ninety dairy cows of similar weight, three litters, good condition, and normal udder and milk production were selected for the first seven days of the dry period, divided into groups of 10. The control group cows underwent no treatment. On the first day of the experiment, the experimental group (Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-5) cows were orally fed two pills (190g / pill) of calcium ammonium chloride at once using a special feeder.
[0074] 1.2 Testing Items
[0075] Record the daily milk production and dry matter intake of the two groups of dairy cows one day before the experiment and on days 1-7 of the experiment.
[0076] 2. Results and Analysis
[0077] 2.1 Effects of calcium ammonium chloride bars on milk yield in dairy cows
[0078] Table 2: Effects of calcium ammonium chloride bars on milk yield in dairy cows
[0079]
[0080]
[0081] Comparing Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-5, and analyzing Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that after dairy cows were given two tablets of the ammonium chloride calcium bar prepared in Examples 1-3 of this invention, milk production continued to decline due to a continuous decrease in dry matter intake, reaching its lowest average milk production on the 4th day, i.e., reaching the dry milk standard. From the 5th day of the experiment, the daily milk production of the dairy cows gradually recovered because the cows were still milked daily during the experiment and no dry milk operation was performed. Therefore, after the milk-reducing effect of the ammonium chloride calcium bar disappeared, milk production and feed intake rebounded. The above experimental results show that the administration of ammonium chloride calcium bars according to the present invention has a significant effect on reducing milk production in dairy cows, can achieve rapid milk reduction and ensure the dry milk effect, and is worthy of widespread application.
[0082] This invention maintains the stability of vitamin D3 and vitamin B6 using sodium tripolyphosphate. Vitamin B6 inhibits prolactin synthesis, while vitamin D3 promotes calcium absorption, preventing hypocalcemia and excessive milk secretion. Furthermore, this invention modifies cysteine with eugenol, increasing its stability and dispersibility. Eugenol then forms an electrostatic interaction with sodium tripolyphosphate, creating a stable cross-linked network structure. This increases the bonding force between the coating layer and the raw material, preventing the loss of effective dry milk components and achieving superior dry milk performance.
[0083] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A calcium ammonium chloride rod, characterized in that, The following components are included by weight: 55-70 parts of calcium chloride 30-45 parts calcium sulfate 20-25 parts of ammonium chloride Vitamin B6 1.2-1.5 servings 14-17 parts modified cysteine 10-12 parts of eugenol Vitamin D3 0.5-0.8 parts Sodium tripolyphosphate 1.0-1.3 parts 70-80 parts solvent; The method for preparing the modified cysteine includes the following steps: mixing eugenol, cysteine and a photoinitiator, reacting under ultraviolet light irradiation to obtain modified cysteine; The wavelength of the ultraviolet light irradiation is 360-370 nm; the reaction time is 6-8 h; The mass ratio of eugenol, cysteine, and photoinitiator was 18:9.0-9.5:0.9-1.
2. The photoinitiator is photoinitiator 1173.
2. The ammonium chloride calcium rod according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solvent is a mixture of anhydrous ethanol and deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:8-9.
3. The ammonium chloride calcium rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for preparing the ammonium chloride calcium rod includes the following steps: Calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, ammonium chloride, and sodium tripolyphosphate are mixed in a reaction vessel, then vitamin B6, vitamin D3, modified cysteine, and solvent are added and stirred. After aging, eugenol is added and heated and stirred. The solid is then filtered, cooled, kept at a constant temperature, and frozen to obtain the final product.
4. The ammonium chloride calcium rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing time is 15-20 minutes; the maturation time is 45-60 minutes.
5. The ammonium chloride calcium rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating and stirring are carried out at 30-35℃ for 6-8 hours.
6. The ammonium chloride calcium rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling process involves cooling the water in a -20°C chilled brine bath for 1 hour; the temperature control process involves maintaining a constant temperature of 80°C for 5-7 seconds; and the freezing process involves freezing the water at -18°C for 20 seconds.