Electric field sensor and method for adjusting sensitivity of sensing electrode

Abstract

The present invention provides an electric field sensor and a method for adjusting the sensitivity of an induction electrode, wherein an electric field induction component includes a shielding electrode, an induction electrode, a driving part, a small blade and a photoelectric tube component, the photoelectric tube component is located on one side of the small blade, and a rotation speed signal of the small blade is obtained; a control component includes a data processing unit, a PID control unit and a rotation speed acquisition unit, the PID control unit is connected to the driving part, and the driving part is controlled to drive the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to a set rotation speed value; the rotation speed acquisition unit is connected to the photoelectric tube component, and the rotation speed signal of the small blade is converted into a rotation speed value of the small blade; the data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade, and ensures that the sensitivity of the induction electrode is in a stable state according to the analysis result. The present invention can adjust the sensitivity of the induction electrode to a stable state to ensure the accuracy of the sensed induced current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sensor technology, in particular to an electric field sensor, and more particularly to an electric field sensor and a method for adjusting the sensitivity of an induction electrode. Background Art

[0002] The field grinding electric field sensor is a widely used electrostatic field measuring instrument. It mainly uses non-contact measurement to measure the static voltage on the surface of an object and its changes. It has the advantages of low power consumption, easy installation, easy integration and network detection. It is mainly used for the application needs of static voltage detection in aerospace, national defense, power grid, communication, railway, petroleum and petrochemical, meteorology, industrial production and scientific research.

[0003] A Chinese patent with the announcement number CN101625385B discloses an electric field sensor in a lightning protection warning system, including an information processing system and a lightning protection warning system, wherein the information processing system is connected to the lightning protection warning system, and the electric field sensor is connected to the information processing system, and the electric field sensor includes a brushless motor, and the power output shaft of the brushless motor is respectively connected to the excitation rotor and the small blade. The brushless motor drives the excitation rotor to rotate at a certain angular velocity ω, periodically cutting the electric field lines incident vertically on the induction sheet, and then generating a periodic alternating current signal on the induction sheet.

[0004] However, since the above-mentioned electric field sensor does not have the function of collecting the rotational speed of the small blade, the sensitivity of the sensing electrode cannot be adjusted based on the rotational speed value of the small blade. Therefore, how to adjust the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state through the rotational speed value of the small blade to ensure the accuracy of the sensed AC current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings existing in the above problems, the present invention provides an electric field sensor and a method for adjusting the sensitivity of the sensing electrode, which can adjust the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state to ensure the accuracy of the sensed induced current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric field sensor, comprising:

[0007] An electric field sensing component, used for obtaining an AC voltage signal, comprising a sensitive structure, a driving part, a small blade and a photoelectric tube component, wherein the sensitive structure comprises a shielding electrode and a sensing electrode, wherein the shielding electrode at least comprises a second part penetrating the interior of the sensing electrode, wherein at least a part of the driving part is located inside the second part, wherein a first end and a second end of the driving part are respectively connected to the shielding electrode and the small blade to drive the shielding electrode to rotate synchronously with the small blade, and the photoelectric tube component is located on one side of the small blade and is used for obtaining a rotation speed signal of the small blade;

[0008] A control component, used for converting a DC voltage signal into an amplitude of an electric field to be measured, comprises a data processing unit, a PID control unit and a speed acquisition unit, wherein the PID control unit is connected to the driving part, and is used for controlling the driving part to drive the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to a set speed value; the speed acquisition unit is connected to the photoelectric tube component, and is used for converting the speed signal of the small blade into the speed value of the small blade; the data processing unit analyzes the speed value of the small blade, and adjusts the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state according to the analysis result.

[0009] In one of the embodiments, the set speed value is an adjustable variable.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driving part includes a rotating component and a stator component, wherein the stator component is located inside the second part of the shielding electrode, and the stator component is electrically connected to the PID control unit;

[0011] A portion of the rotating assembly is located inside the stator assembly, wherein a first end of the rotating assembly passes through the inside of the stator assembly and is fixed inside the second portion of the shielding electrode, and the small blade is sleeved on the second end of the rotating assembly;

[0012] The stator assembly generates an electromagnetic field when energized, and the rotating assembly drives the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously through the electromagnetic field.

[0013] In one embodiment, the rotating component includes a rotating shaft, and a first bearing and a second bearing respectively mounted on the outside of the rotating shaft, wherein the first end of the rotating shaft passes through the interior of the stator component and is fixed inside the second part of the shielding electrode, the second end of the rotating shaft is placed inside the small blade, the first bearing is located inside the stator component, and the second bearing is located outside the stator component.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the sensitive structure further includes a shielding shell and a conversion unit;

[0015] Wherein, the second end of the rotating shaft, the photoelectric tube assembly and the small blade are all located inside the shielding shell;

[0016] The conversion unit is vertically arranged on the outer wall surface of the shielding shell, and is used for converting the alternating current signal collected by the sensing electrode into an alternating voltage signal.

[0017] In one of the embodiments, the shielding electrode is made of magnetic shielding material.

[0018] In one of the embodiments, it also includes a voltage signal conversion component for converting an AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal;

[0019] The voltage signal conversion component includes an amplifying unit, a first signal modulation unit, a second signal modulation unit and a waveform conversion module, wherein the amplifying unit is electrically connected to the waveform conversion module, and the photoelectric tube component is electrically connected to the waveform conversion module through the first signal modulation unit and the second signal modulation unit;

[0020] The amplifying unit is used to amplify the AC voltage signal to generate an amplified AC voltage signal;

[0021] The first signal modulation unit and the second signal modulation unit are used to convert the non-square wave signal output by the photoelectric tube assembly into a saturated signal;

[0022] The waveform conversion module is used to convert the amplified AC voltage signal and the saturation signal into the DC voltage signal.

[0023] In one of the embodiments, the control component also includes a third signal modulation unit, wherein the photoelectric tube component is electrically connected to the speed acquisition unit through the first signal modulation unit and the third signal modulation unit, and is used to obtain the speed value of the small blade according to the speed signal of the small blade.

[0024] In one of the embodiments, it also includes a housing and a power supply part;

[0025] Wherein, the shell includes an electric field collection port and a first opening;

[0026] The power supply part is used to supply power to the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component and the control component.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for adjusting the sensitivity of a sensing electrode, which is applied to the above-mentioned electric field sensor and comprises the following steps:

[0028] The driving part drives the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to the set speed value input by the PID control unit;

[0029] The rotation speed acquisition unit converts the rotation speed signal of the small blade acquired by the photoelectric tube assembly into a rotation speed value of the small blade;

[0030] The data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade, and ensures that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state according to the analysis result.

[0031] In one embodiment, the data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade, and adjusts the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state according to the analysis result, including:

[0032] If the rotation speed value of the small blade meets the preset judgment condition, it is determined that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state;

[0033] If the rotation speed value of the small blade does not meet the preset judgment condition, the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state according to the judgment result.

[0034] In one of the embodiments, the rotation speed value of the small blade meets the preset judgment condition including that the rotation speed value of the small blade is equal to the set rotation speed value, or the rotation speed value of the small blade is equal to the preset value;

[0035] The rotation speed value of the small blade does not satisfy the preset judgment condition includes that the rotation speed value of the small blade is greater than or less than the set rotation speed value, or the rotation speed value of the small blade is greater than or less than the preset value.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has one of the following advantages:

[0037] The driving part of the present invention does not include a motor housing, and the stator assembly is arranged inside the second part of the shielding electrode. Compared with the structure in which the motor is located at the upper end or the lower end of the stator in the existing electric field sensor, the structure between the components in the electric field sensor is more compact, the internal space of the electric field sensor can be reasonably utilized, and the waste of space can be avoided. At the same time, the volume and weight of the electric field sensor can also be reduced;

[0038] By adjusting the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state, the accuracy of the sensed induced current signal is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the electric field sensor of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A stereogram from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The structural diagram after removing the shell;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Structural diagram of the electric field sensing component;

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Exploded diagram of

[0047] Fig. 9 for Figures 1 to 8 A front view of the rotating blade;

[0048] Fig.10 for Figures 1 to 8 The front view of the sensing electrode;

[0049] Fig.11 for Figures 1 to 8 A state diagram in which the shielding electrode is in a first position;

[0050] Fig.12 for Figures 1 to 8 A state diagram in which the shielding electrode is in a second position;

[0051] Fig.13 for Figure 7 A perspective view of the middle shielding housing;

[0052] Fig.14 is a principle block diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.15 for Fig.14 The principle block diagram of the waveform conversion module in the figure;

[0054] Fig.16 is a flow chart of the electric field measurement method of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.17 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the assembly state of the medium electric field sensor;

[0056] Fig.18 for Fig.17 A schematic diagram of a fixing bracket in FIG.

[0057] Fig.19 for Figure 1 Block diagram of the connection between the medium electric field sensor and the terminal equipment.

[0058] The main reference numerals are as follows:

[0059] 1-shell; 101-first shell; 102-second shell; 103-electric field collection port; 104-first opening;

[0060] 105-light board;

[0061] 2-sensitive structure; 201-shielding electrode; 2011-rotating blade; 20111-fan-shaped blade; 20112-spacer area; 2012-sleeve; 202-differential sensing electrode component; 2021-first PCB board; 2022-first differential sensing electrode; 20221-first fan-shaped differential sensing electrode; 2023-second differential sensing electrode; 20231-second fan-shaped differential sensing electrode; 2024-second hollow area; 203-cover; 2031-first hollow area; 204-upper shell; 2041-first concave cavity; 2042-convex column; 205-rotating component; 2051 -rotating shaft; 2052-first bearing; 2053-second bearing; 206-small blade; 207-photoelectric tube assembly; 2071-third PCB board; 2072-photoelectric tube; 208-stator assembly; 2081-second PCB board; 2082-stator; 209-first conversion unit; 2091-seventh PCB board; 2092-first connecting column; 2093-first connecting terminal; 210-second conversion unit; 2101-eighth PCB board; 2102-second connecting column; 2103-second connecting terminal; 211-shielding shell; 2111-first groove; 2112-second groove;

[0062] 3-fourth PCB board; 301-amplification unit; 302-waveform conversion module; 3021-half-wave rectification unit; 3022-full-wave rectification unit; 3023-filtering unit; 303-first signal modulation unit; 304-second signal modulation unit;

[0063] 4-fifth PCB board; 401-third signal modulation unit; 402-analog-to-digital conversion unit; 403-data processing unit; 404-speed acquisition unit; 405-communication unit; 406-PID control unit;

[0064] 5-sixth PCB board; 501-interface;

[0065] 6-fixing bracket; 61-first through hole; 62-second through hole;

[0066] 7-installation position; 8-field mill type electric field sensor; 9-terminal device; 10-first screw; 11-second screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inside", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be noted that when a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centrally arranged component at the same time. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] like Figures 1 to 15 As shown, this embodiment provides a field mill type electric field sensor, including a housing 1, an electric field sensing component, a voltage signal conversion component, a control component and a power supply part, wherein the housing 1 is wrapped around the outside of the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component, the control component and the power supply part, the electric field sensing component is electrically connected to the voltage signal conversion component and the control component in sequence, and the power supply part is electrically connected to the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component and the control component in sequence. Among them, the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component, the control component and the power supply part are arranged in sequence.

[0071] In this embodiment, the housing 1 is made of a metal conductive material and is composed of a first housing 101 and a second housing 102 connected to each other, wherein the first housing 101 encloses the left wall, a part of the front face, and a part of the rear face of the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component, the control component, and the power supply part, and the second housing 102 encloses the right wall, another part of the front face, and another part of the rear face of the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component, the control component, and the power supply part. The top end face of the first housing 101 is connected to the top end face of the second housing 102 to form a first opening 104, and the bottom end face of the first housing 101 is connected to the bottom end face of the second housing 102 to form an electric field collection port 103.

[0072] Furthermore, a first positioning end is provided on the side wall surface of the first housing 101, and a second positioning end matching the first positioning end is provided on the outer wall surface of the second housing 102. The first positioning end includes a positioning column formed on the side wall surface of the first housing 101, and the second positioning end includes a positioning groove formed on the side wall surface of the second housing 102.

[0073] When the first positioning end is placed inside the second positioning end, the first housing 101 and the second housing 102 can be fixed by fasteners.

[0074] Furthermore, the shape of the electric field collection port 103 is circular, and the shape of the first opening 104 is square.

[0075] Furthermore, a light board 105 is embedded on the outer wall surface of the housing 1 .

[0076] Furthermore, the light board 105 is embedded on the outer wall surface of the first housing 101 .

[0077] In this embodiment, the electric field sensing component is made of a metal conductive material, and includes a sensitive structure 2, and a first conversion unit 209 and a second conversion unit 210 electrically connected thereto, respectively.

[0078] Furthermore, the sensitive structure 2 includes a shielding electrode 201 and a ring-shaped differential sensing electrode component 202 .

[0079] The shielding electrode 201 includes a rotating blade 2011 (i.e., a first portion of the shielding electrode 201 ) and a hollow sleeve 2012 (i.e., a second portion of the shielding electrode 201 ). The rotating blade 2011 is rotatably located outside the differential sensing electrode component 202 , and a portion of the sleeve 2012 is located in a second hollow region 2024 of the differential sensing electrode component 202 .

[0080] Preferably, the rotating blade 2011 includes three identical fan-shaped blades 20111 and three identical spacing areas 20112, and the shape and size of each fan-shaped blade 20111 are the same as the shape and size of each spacing area 20112. The three fan-shaped blades 20111 and the three spacing areas 20112 are distributed outside the axis of the rotating blade 2011 in a mutually staggered manner.

[0081] The differential sensing electrode component 202 is made of brass material, and includes a first differential sensing electrode 2022 and a second differential sensing electrode 2023 .

[0082] Further, the differential sensing electrode component 202 includes a ring-shaped first PCB board 2021, a first differential sensing electrode 2022, and a second differential sensing electrode 2023. The first differential sensing electrode 2022 and the second differential sensing electrode 2023 are both arranged on the front panel of the first PCB board 2021 except the second hollow area 2024 and various positions, wherein the top end surface of the first differential sensing electrode 2022 and the top end surface of the second differential sensing electrode 2023 are both on the same plane.

[0083] Furthermore, the first differential sensing electrode 2022 includes three identical first fan-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221, and the second differential sensing electrode 2023 includes three identical second fan-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231. The shape and size of each first fan-shaped differential sensing electrode 20221 and the shape and size of each second fan-shaped differential sensing electrode 20231 are the same as the shape and size of each fan-shaped blade 20111 and the shape and size of each spacing area 20112. Among them, the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 are distributed in a staggered manner on the front panel except the second hollow area 2024 and each position, and a spacing area 20112 is provided between adjacent first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231, and the spacing area 20112 is a wall surface between the first PCB board 2021 where the first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and the second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 are not provided. The wall surface is a non-conductive area.

[0084] When the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and the three identical second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 are disposed on the first PCB board 2021 , the top end surfaces of the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and the top end surfaces of the three identical second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 are all on the same plane.

[0085] When the shielding electrode 201 rotates to the first position, the rotating blade 2011 blocks the outside of the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221. At this time, the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades 2011 and the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 to obtain a second differential AC current signal. The second differential AC current signal includes a second positive AC current signal generated when the external electric field contacts the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231, and a second negative AC current signal generated when the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades 2011.

[0086] When the shielding electrode 201 rotates to the second position, the rotating blade 2011 blocks the outside of the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231. At this time, the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades 2011 and the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 to obtain a first differential AC current signal. The first differential AC current signal includes a first positive AC current signal generated when the external electric field contacts the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221, and a first negative AC current signal generated when the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades 2011.

[0087] Furthermore, as the shielding electrode 201 rotates, the rotating blades 2011 alternately shield the outsides of the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 or the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231 , thereby continuously obtaining the first differential AC current signal and the second differential AC current signal.

[0088] In this embodiment, the sensitive structure 2 also includes a cover body 203 and an upper shell 2041 respectively arranged on the bottom end surface and the top end surface of the first PCB board 2021, a first hollow area 2031 is formed on the cover body 203, and a first concave cavity 2041 is formed on the upper shell 2041, wherein the first hollow area 2031 is coaxially arranged with the first concave cavity 2041 via the second hollow area 2024, and the first hollow area 2031 is connected with the first concave cavity 2041 via the second hollow area 2024.

[0089] The rotating blade 2011 is located in the first hollow area 2031 , a portion of the sleeve 2012 is placed in the first hollow area 2031 , and another portion of the sleeve 2012 is placed in the second hollow area 2024 and the first concave cavity 2041 .

[0090] Further, the diameter of the first hollow area 2031 is greater than the diameter of the second hollow area 2024. When the cover 203 is superimposed on the first PCB board 2021, the cover 203 does not block the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 and the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231, so that the external electric field can contact the unblocked rotating blades 2011, the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221 or the three second sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20231.

[0091] Further, the first cavity 2041 includes an annular boss 2042 extending to the inside of the second hollow area 2024. The boss 2042 includes a first mounting area, and the outer diameter of the first mounting area is smaller than the outer diameter of other parts of the boss 2042 except the first mounting area.

[0092] Furthermore, the cover 203, the first PCB board 2021 and the upper shell 2041 can be fixed by fasteners.

[0093] In this embodiment, the electric field sensing component also includes a rotating component 205, a small blade 206, a photoelectric tube assembly 207, a stator 2082 and a shielding shell 211. The shielding shell 211 is located at the upper end of the upper shell 2041. The top of the rotating component 205, the photoelectric tube assembly 207 and the small blade 206 are all located inside the shielding shell 211. The stator 2082 is located inside the sleeve 2012, and is respectively placed inside the second hollow area 2024 and the first concave cavity 2041. The small blade 206 is sleeved on the top of the rotating component 205. The rotating component 205 passes through the interior of the stator 2082 in sequence and is then placed in the sleeve 2012. The stator 2082 drives the shielding electrode 201 and the small blade 206 to rotate synchronously through the rotating component 205. The photoelectric tube assembly 207 is arranged on the top end surface of the upper shell 2041, facing the small blade 206, so as to obtain a rotation speed signal of the small blade 206.

[0094] Furthermore, the stator 2082 is sleeved on the outer side of the first installation area in the boss 2042. Since the outer diameter of the first installation area is smaller than the outer diameter of other parts of the boss 2042 except the first installation area, the stator 2082 can be tightly sleeved on the outer side of the first installation area to prevent it from moving to other positions in the boss 2042.

[0095] Further, the rotating assembly 205 includes a rotating shaft 2051, and a first bearing 2052 and a second bearing 2053 respectively sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft 2051, wherein the top of the rotating shaft 2051 is placed inside the small blade 206, and the end of the rotating shaft 2051 passes through the inner rear fixing sleeve 2012 of the stator 2082, and the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053 are both placed in the third hollow area of ​​the boss 2042, wherein the first bearing 2052 is located inside the stator 2082, and the second bearing 2053 is located inside the upper housing 2041. Since the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft 2051 is in close contact with the inner wall surface of the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053, the rotating shaft 2051 can guide the static charge generated during rotation to the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053.

[0096] Further, the photoelectric tube assembly 207 includes a third PCB board 2071 and a photoelectric tube 2072 solidified on the top end surface thereof. The third PCB board 2071 is fixed to the top end surface of the upper housing 2041 by fasteners, and the photoelectric tube 2072 is facing the position of the small blade 206, and is used to obtain the rotation speed signal of the small blade 206.

[0097] Furthermore, the stator assembly 208 includes a stator 2082 and a second PCB board 2081 connected thereto. The second PCB board 2081 is fixed in the first cavity 2041 by fasteners, the stator 2082 is sleeved on the outside of the first installation area, and the sleeve 2012 is sleeved on the outside of the stator 2082. Under the control of the electrical signal, the electromagnetic coil wound on the stator 2082 generates an electromagnetic effect, and under the control of the electromagnetic effect, the rotating shaft 2051 rotates inside the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053, and at the same time drives the shielding electrode 201 and the small blade 206 to rotate synchronously.

[0098] The photoelectric tube assembly 207 and the stator 2082 are both connected to the control assembly. At the same time, the control assembly determines whether the rotation speed value of the small blade meets the set rotation speed value of the stator 2082.

[0099] In this embodiment, the first conversion unit 209 and the second conversion unit 210 are both vertically arranged on the outer wall of the shielding shell 211, and the end of the first conversion unit 209 is electrically connected to the first differential sensing electrode 2022 through the first PCB board 2021, and the end of the second conversion unit 210 is electrically connected to the second differential sensing electrode 2023 through the first PCB board 2021.

[0100] Further, the first conversion unit 209 includes a seventh PCB board 2091, a first IV conversion unit solidified on the seventh PCB board 2091, a first connection terminal 2093 having one end solidified on the seventh PCB board 2091, and a first connection column 2092 having one end solidified on the seventh PCB board 2091. The other end of the first connection terminal 2093 is connected to the fourth PCB board 3, and the other end of the first connection column 2092 is connected to the first PCB board 2021, thereby being electrically connected to the first differential sensing electrode 2022.

[0101] The second conversion unit 210 includes an eighth PCB board 2101, a second IV conversion unit solidified on the eighth PCB board 2101, a second connection terminal 2103 with one end solidified on the eighth PCB board 2101, and a second connection column 2102 with one end solidified on the eighth PCB board 2101. The other end of the second connection terminal 2103 is connected to the fourth PCB board 3, and the other end of the second connection column 2102 is connected to the first PCB board 2021, thereby being electrically connected to the second differential sensing electrode 2023.

[0102] Exemplarily, when the shielding electrode 201 rotates to the second position, a first positive AC current signal is generated when the external electric field contacts the three first sector-shaped differential sensing electrodes 20221, and a first negative AC current signal is generated when the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades 2011. The first positive AC current signal is converted into a first positive AC voltage signal by the first conversion unit 209, and the first negative AC current signal is converted into a first negative AC voltage signal by the second conversion unit 210.

[0103] In this embodiment, a first groove 2111 and a second groove 2112 are formed on the outer wall of the shielding shell 211 . A portion of the first conversion unit 209 is disposed in the first groove 2111 , and a portion of the second conversion unit 210 is disposed in the second groove 2112 .

[0104] Furthermore, the seventh PCB board 2091 is blocked on the outside of the first groove 2111, the first IV conversion unit and a portion of the first connecting column 2092 are placed in the first groove 2111, and the other portion of the first connecting column 2092 is embedded in the interior of the seventh PCB board 2091. The seventh PCB board 2091 is fixed to the outer wall of the shielding shell 211 through the first connecting terminal 2093 and the first connecting column 2092.

[0105] The eighth PCB board 2101 is blocked on the outside of the second groove 2112, the second IV conversion unit and a part of the second connecting column 2102 are placed in the second groove 2112, and the other part of the second connecting column 2102 is embedded in the interior of the eighth PCB board 2101. The eighth PCB board 2101 is fixed on the outer wall of the shielding shell 211 through the second connecting terminal 2103 and the second connecting column 2102.

[0106] This design facilitates fixing the first conversion unit 209 and the second conversion unit 210 on the outer wall of the shielding shell 211, and can fully utilize the limited space inside the shell. The first IV conversion unit and the second IV conversion unit are respectively located inside the first groove 2111 and the second groove 2112, and are respectively shielded by the seventh PCB board 2091 and the eighth PCB board 2101, so that the first IV conversion unit and the second IV conversion unit can be protected and prevented from being damaged.

[0107] In this embodiment, the stator assembly is located inside the sleeve. Since there is no conventional motor housing, in order to overcome the magnetic field interference generated by the stator assembly, the shielding electrode is made of magnetic shielding material.

[0108] Preferably, the shielding electrode is made of Permalloy material.

[0109] In this embodiment, the voltage signal conversion component is used to convert an AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal, and mainly includes a fourth PCB board 3, and an amplification unit 301, a first signal modulation unit 303, a second signal modulation unit 304 and a waveform conversion module 302 solidified on the fourth PCB board 3. Among them, the first conversion unit 209 and the second conversion unit 210 are both electrically connected to the amplification unit 301, the amplification unit 301 is electrically connected to the waveform conversion module 302, and the first signal modulation unit 303 is electrically connected to the second signal modulation unit 304 and the waveform conversion module 302 in sequence.

[0110] Furthermore, the amplifying unit 301 is used to combine the first positive AC voltage signal and the first negative AC voltage current signal and remove interference signals to generate an amplified AC voltage signal having a signal strength greater than that of each AC voltage signal.

[0111] Optionally, the amplification unit 301 is a differential amplification unit and / or a program-controlled amplification unit.

[0112] Further, preferably, the amplification unit 301 is a differential amplification unit and a programmable amplification unit, wherein the first conversion unit 209 and the second conversion unit 210 are both electrically connected to the differential amplification unit, and the differential amplification unit is electrically connected to the programmable amplification unit and the waveform conversion module 302 in sequence. After the first positive AC voltage signal and the first negative AC voltage signal are input into the differential amplification unit, the differential amplification unit amplifies the first positive AC voltage signal and the first negative AC voltage signal to generate a primary amplified AC voltage signal, and after the primary amplified AC voltage signal is input into the programmable amplification unit, the programmable amplification unit amplifies the primary amplified AC voltage signal again to generate a secondary amplified AC voltage signal.

[0113] Since the amplifying unit 301 adopts a differential amplifying unit and a program-controlled amplifying unit, such a design can further enhance the signal strength of the AC voltage signal.

[0114] Furthermore, the photoelectric tube assembly 207 is electrically connected to the second signal modulation unit 304 and the waveform conversion module 302 in sequence through the first signal modulation unit 303, wherein the first signal modulation unit 303 and the second signal modulation unit 304 convert the non-square wave signal output by the photoelectric tube assembly 207 into a saturated signal.

[0115] Furthermore, the first signal modulation unit 303 converts the non-square wave signal output by the photoelectric tube assembly 207 into positive and negative square wave signals, and the positive and negative square wave signals are converted into saturated signals by the second signal modulation unit 304 .

[0116] Furthermore, the waveform conversion module 302 is used to convert the secondary amplified AC voltage signal output by the programmable amplifier unit and the saturated signal output by the second signal modulation unit 304 into a DC voltage signal, thereby realizing peak detection of the AC signal to obtain a DC voltage signal.

[0117] Furthermore, the waveform conversion module 302 includes a half-wave rectifier unit 3021, a full-wave rectifier unit 3022 and a filter unit 3023 connected in sequence. The half-wave rectifier unit 3021 converts the secondary amplified AC voltage signal and the saturated signal into a half-wave voltage signal, the full-wave rectifier unit 3022 converts the half-wave voltage signal into a full-wave voltage signal, and the filter unit 3023 converts the full-wave voltage signal into a DC voltage signal.

[0118] In this embodiment, the control component is used to convert the DC voltage signal into a measured electric field amplitude corresponding to the external electric field.

[0119] Further, the control component includes a fifth PCB board 4, and an MCU module and a third signal modulation unit 401 solidified thereon. The MCU module includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit 402, a data processing unit 403, a rotation speed acquisition unit 404, a communication unit 405 and a PID control unit 406. Among them, the waveform conversion module 302 is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 402 and the data processing unit 403 in sequence, the third signal modulation unit 401 is electrically connected to the rotation speed acquisition unit 404, and the PID control unit 406 is electrically connected to the stator 2082.

[0120] The analog-to-digital conversion unit 402 samples, holds, quantizes and encodes the DC voltage signal input therein, and converts the analog DC voltage signal into a digital DC voltage signal.

[0121] The data processing unit 403 converts the digitized DC voltage signal inputted by the analog-to-digital conversion unit 402 into the corresponding measured electric field amplitude.

[0122] The communication unit 405 can send the measured electric field amplitude to the terminal device to which it is communicatively connected.

[0123] The input end of the third signal modulation unit 401 is connected to the output end of the first signal modulation unit 303 , so that the positive and negative square wave signals output by the first signal modulation unit 303 are converted into positive square wave signals by the third signal modulation unit 401 , and the positive square wave signals are input into the speed acquisition unit 404 .

[0124] The rotation speed obtaining unit 404 obtains the rotation speed value of the bladelet through the square wave signal, and inputs the rotation speed value of the bladelet into the data processing unit 403 .

[0125] The PID control unit 406 is connected to the third PCB board 2071 to input the control instruction of the stator 2082 to the third PCB board 2071. Under the control of the control instruction, the electromagnetic coil wound on the stator 2082 causes the shielding electrode 201 and the small blade 206 to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 2051, the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053. The control instruction input by the PID control unit 406 to the third PCB board 2071 includes the set speed value of the rotating shaft, and the set speed value is also input into the data processing unit 403.

[0126] After receiving the rotation speed value of the small blade input by the rotation speed acquisition unit 404 and the set rotation speed value input by the PID control unit 406, the data processing unit 403 compares them, and judges whether the rotation speed value of the small blade is consistent with the set rotation speed value according to the judgment result of the set rotation speed value and the rotation speed value of the small blade, so as to form a speed closed loop. Among them, when it is judged that the set rotation speed value is inconsistent with the rotation speed value of the small blade, the rotation speed value of the small blade can be adjusted to be consistent with the set rotation speed value according to the judgment result of the set rotation speed value and the rotation speed value of the small blade. When it is judged that the set rotation speed value is consistent with the rotation speed value of the small blade, it can be known that the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is in a stable state, so as to ensure the accuracy of the sensed differential AC current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement.

[0127] In this embodiment, the power supply part includes a power supply component and an interface 501 connected thereto, wherein a portion of the interface 501 is located in the first opening and faces the outside of the housing 1 , and another portion of the interface 501 is located in the housing 1 .

[0128] Preferably, the power supply component is the sixth PCB board 5, the interface 501 is an RJ45 interface 501, the end of the interface 501 is solidified on the sixth PCB board 5, and the interface 501 is connected to an external terminal device to supply power through the terminal device.

[0129] Further, the sixth PCB board 5 is respectively connected to the fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4, the second PCB board 2081, the third PCB board 2071 and the first PCB board 2021, so that the voltage signal conversion component, the control component, the photoelectric tube component 207, the stator component, and the differential sensing electrode component can be powered. In addition, since the top of the first conversion unit 209 and the top of the second conversion unit 210 are both connected to the fourth PCB board 3, the first conversion unit 209 and the second conversion unit 210 can also be powered.

[0130] In this embodiment, the seventh PCB board 2091 and the eighth PCB board 2101 are vertically arranged on the outer side of the shielding shell 211, wherein the seventh PCB board 2091 and the eighth PCB board 2101 are on the same plane. The fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4 and the sixth PCB board 5 are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, wherein the seventh PCB board 2091 and the eighth PCB board 2101 are connected to the fourth PCB board 3 through the first connection terminal 2093 and the second connection terminal 2103 respectively.

[0131] Furthermore, the fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4 and the sixth PCB board 5 are connected by the brass column, which not only forms a proper spacing area between two adjacent PCB boards to avoid contact between circuit elements of the two adjacent PCB boards, but also supplies power to the fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4, the seventh PCB board 2091 and the eighth PCB board 2101 through the brass column.

[0132] Preferably, the length, width and thickness of the fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4 and the sixth PCB board 5 are substantially the same, and the length and width of the fourth PCB board 3, the fifth PCB board 4 and the sixth PCB board 5 are the same as the length and width of the cover 203, the first PCB board 2021 and the upper shell 2041. With this design, the length and width of the field mill type electric field sensor can be limited, and at the same time, the internal structure of the field mill type electric field sensor is made more compact.

[0133] In this embodiment, the first signal modulation unit 303 , the second signal modulation unit 304 and the third signal modulation unit 401 may be PWM units.

[0134] In this embodiment, two first screws 10 and two second screws 11 are further included. Each first screw 10 sequentially penetrates the first housing 101, the cover 203, and the first PCB board 2021 and is connected to the upper housing 204, and each second screw 11 sequentially penetrates the second housing 102, the cover 203, and the first PCB board 2021 and is connected to the upper housing 204. When the rotating shaft 2051 guides the static charge generated during rotation to the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053, since the first bearing 2052 and the second bearing 2053 are both sleeved on the boss 2042, the static charge can be guided to the first housing 101 or the second housing 102 through the upper housing 204, the two first screws 10, and the two second screws 11.

[0135] Since the rotating shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing, the boss, the upper shell, the first screw, the second screw and the shell are all made of metal conductive materials, the connected rotating shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing, the boss, the upper shell, the first screw, the second screw and the shell form a static charge guiding path. Through the above path, the static charge generated by the rotating shaft can be guided to the shell, and finally guided to the ground through a fixed bracket connected to the shell.

[0136] In this embodiment, the first bearing and the second bearing are made of metal conductive material, so the service life can be improved. In addition, the rotating shaft rotates through the first bearing and the second bearing, which can reduce wear; in addition, since the first bearing and the second bearing are both connected to the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft generates static charge, the static charge generated by the rotating shaft can be guided out.

[0137] Since the programmable amplifier unit includes multiple different amplification gears, and each amplification gear corresponds to an amplification factor, by adding a programmable amplifier unit, the AC voltage signal can be amplified by different multiples through the selected amplification gear, which is beneficial for subsequent processing of the AC voltage signal.

[0138] By arranging a shielding shell outside the small blade, the wires connected to the second PCB board and the sixth PCB board, and the wires connected to the third PCB board and the sixth PCB board can be prevented from contacting the small blade.

[0139] By solidifying different functional components on different PCB boards and arranging multiple PCB boards in an orderly manner, compared with the method of solidifying different functional components on the same PCB board in the prior art, the circuit structure of each PCB board can be simplified and it is convenient to replace a faulty PCB board.

[0140] Embodiment 2

[0141] like Fig.16 As shown, this embodiment provides an electric field measurement method, which is applied to the field mill type electric field sensor recorded in the above embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0142] S1, converting the sensed external electric field into a differential AC voltage signal;

[0143] S2, converting the amplified AC voltage signal and the saturated signal into a DC voltage signal;

[0144] S3. Convert the DC voltage signal into the measured electric field amplitude corresponding to the external electric field.

[0145] In this embodiment, specifically, step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0146] S101, an external electric field contacts the sensitive structure to obtain a differential AC current signal including a positive AC current signal and a negative AC current signal;

[0147] Further, when the shielding electrode in the sensitive structure rotates to the second position, the three rotating blades in the shielding electrode cover the outside of the second differential sensing electrode, and the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades and the first differential sensing electrode to obtain a differential AC current signal including a positive AC current signal and a negative AC current signal.

[0148] S102 , the positive alternating current signal and the negative alternating current signal are converted into a positive alternating voltage signal and a negative alternating voltage signal by each conversion unit.

[0149] Exemplarily, in step S1, when the shielding electrode in the sensitive structure rotates to the second position, the three rotating blades in the shielding electrode cover the outside of the second differential sensing electrode, and the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades and the first differential sensing electrode to obtain a first differential AC current signal including a first positive AC current signal and a first negative AC current signal.

[0150] The end of the first conversion unit is electrically connected to the first differential sensing electrode through the first PCB board to convert the first positive AC current signal obtained by the first differential sensing electrode into a first positive AC voltage signal. The end of the second conversion unit is electrically connected to the second differential sensing electrode through the first PCB board to convert the first negative AC current signal obtained by the second differential sensing electrode into a first negative AC voltage signal.

[0151] When the shielding electrode in the sensitive structure rotates to the first position, the three rotating blades in the shielding electrode cover the outside of the first differential sensing electrode, and the external electric field contacts the three rotating blades and the second differential sensing electrode to obtain a second differential AC current signal including a second positive AC current signal and a second negative AC current signal.

[0152] The end of the first conversion unit is electrically connected to the first differential sensing electrode through the first PCB board to convert the second negative AC current signal obtained by the second differential sensing electrode into a second negative AC voltage signal. The end of the second conversion unit is electrically connected to the second differential sensing electrode through the first PCB board to convert the second positive AC current signal obtained by the second differential sensing electrode into a second positive AC voltage signal.

[0153] In this embodiment, specifically, in step S2, the following sub-steps are included:

[0154] S201 , a positive alternating current signal and a negative alternating current signal are amplified by an amplifying unit to generate an amplified alternating voltage signal.

[0155] Furthermore, the amplifying unit is used to combine the positive alternating current signal and the negative alternating current signal to generate an amplified alternating voltage signal having a signal strength greater than that of each alternating voltage signal.

[0156] Preferably, the amplification unit is a differential amplification unit and a programmable amplification unit electrically connected thereto. After the positive AC voltage signal and the negative AC voltage signal are input into the differential amplification unit, the differential amplification unit amplifies the positive AC voltage signal and the negative AC voltage signal to generate a primary amplified AC voltage signal, and after the primary amplified AC voltage signal is input into the programmable amplification unit, the programmable amplification unit amplifies the primary amplified AC voltage signal again to generate a secondary amplified AC voltage signal.

[0157] S202, converting the output signal of the photoelectric tube assembly into a saturation signal.

[0158] Furthermore, in step S202, the following sub-steps are included:

[0159] S2021, the non-square wave signal output by the photoelectric tube assembly is converted into positive and negative square wave signals by the first signal modulation unit;

[0160] S2022, the positive and negative square wave signals are converted into saturated signals by a second signal modulation unit;

[0161] S2023. The saturation signal is input into the half-wave rectifier unit.

[0162] S203: Convert the amplified AC voltage signal and the saturated signal into a DC voltage signal.

[0163] Furthermore, in step S203, the following sub-steps are included:

[0164] S2031, the amplified AC voltage signal and the saturated signal are converted into a half-wave voltage signal via a half-wave rectifier unit;

[0165] S2032, the half-wave voltage signal is converted into a full-wave voltage signal by a full-wave rectifier unit;

[0166] S2033. The full-wave voltage signal is converted into a DC voltage signal through a filtering unit.

[0167] In step S203, the peak value detection of the AC signal can be realized by the half-wave rectification unit, the full-wave rectification unit and the filtering unit, so as to obtain a DC voltage signal according to the peak value of the AC signal.

[0168] In this embodiment, specifically, in step 203, the waveform conversion module is electrically connected to the analog-to-digital conversion unit and the data processing unit in sequence, and the analog-to-digital conversion unit samples, holds, quantizes and encodes the DC voltage signal input therein, and then converts the analog DC voltage signal into a digitized DC voltage signal. The data processing unit converts the digitized DC voltage signal input thereinto by the analog-to-digital conversion unit into the corresponding measured electric field amplitude.

[0169] Furthermore, after the measured electric field amplitude is obtained, the measured electric field amplitude can be sent to a terminal device connected to the terminal device for communication via the communication unit.

[0170] In this embodiment, the step of the PID control unit driving the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously includes:

[0171] The PID control unit inputs a set speed value to the stator assembly;

[0172] When the stator assembly is energized, an electromagnetic field is generated;

[0173] The rotating component drives the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to the set speed value through the electromagnetic field.

[0174] Specifically, the PID control unit is connected to the third PCB board in the stator assembly to input a control instruction for controlling the stator to the third PCB board, and the electromagnetic coil wound on the stator is controlled by the control instruction so that the shielding electrode and the small blade are driven by the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously. The control instruction input by the PID control unit to the third PCB board includes a set speed value of the rotating shaft, and the set speed value is simultaneously input into the data processing unit.

[0175] Specifically, in step S2021, the positive and negative square wave signals are converted into positive square wave signals by the third signal modulation unit and then input into the rotation speed obtaining unit to obtain the rotation speed value of the small blade.

[0176] The input end of the third signal modulation unit is connected to the output end of the first signal modulation unit, so that the positive and negative square wave signals converted by the first signal modulation unit can be input into the third signal modulation unit. The third signal modulation unit is used to convert the positive and negative square wave signals into positive square wave signals, and input the positive square wave signals into the speed acquisition unit.

[0177] The rotation speed obtaining unit obtains the rotation speed value of the small blade through the positive square wave signal, and inputs the rotation speed value of the small blade into the data processing unit.

[0178] In addition, in another embodiment, a step of adjusting the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is further included, wherein the data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade and ensures that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state according to the analysis result.

[0179] Specifically, after receiving the rotation speed value of the small blade input by the rotation speed acquisition unit and the set rotation speed value input by the PID control unit, the data processing unit compares them, and judges whether the rotation speed value of the small blade is consistent with the set rotation speed value according to the judgment result of the set rotation speed value and the rotation speed value of the small blade, so as to form a speed closed loop. Among them, when it is judged that the set rotation speed value is inconsistent with the rotation speed value of the small blade, the rotation speed value of the small blade can be adjusted to be consistent with the set rotation speed value according to the judgment result of the set rotation speed value and the rotation speed value of the small blade. When it is judged that the set rotation speed value is consistent with the rotation speed value of the small blade, it can be known that the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is in a stable state, so as to ensure the accuracy of the sensed differential AC current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement.

[0180] Further, after comparison, if the speed value of the small blade is less than the set speed value, the data processing unit inputs a boost instruction to the PID control unit, and the PID control unit generates a boost speed value according to the boost instruction, wherein the boost speed value is greater than the set speed value. After receiving the speed value of the small blade obtained by the small blade according to the boost speed value, the data processing unit compares it with the set speed value again. If the current speed value of the small blade is consistent with the set speed value, the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state. In addition, if the speed value of the small blade is greater than the set speed value, the data processing unit inputs a step-down instruction to the PID control unit, and the PID control unit generates a step-down speed value according to the boost instruction, wherein the step-down speed value is less than the set speed value. After receiving the speed value of the small blade obtained by the small blade according to the step-down speed value, the data processing unit compares it with the set speed value again. If the current speed value of the small blade is consistent with the set speed value, the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state.

[0181] Preferably, the set speed value is an adjustable variable speed value set according to actual detection conditions, and different set speed values ​​can be input into the stator assembly through the PID control unit.

[0182] For example, when the speed value is set to 80 rpm, the speed value of the small blade is 75 rpm. After comparison, it is known that the speed value of the small blade is less than the set speed value. The data processing unit inputs a boost command to the PID control unit, and the PID control unit increases the set speed value to 90 rpm according to the boost command. By analyzing the speed signal of the small blade, the speed value of the small blade is obtained to be 80 rpm. After comparison, it is known that the speed value of the small blade is equal to the set speed value. At this time, the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state.

[0183] In addition, when the set speed value is 80 rpm, the speed value of the small blade is 85 rpm. After comparison, it is known that the speed value of the small blade is greater than the set speed value. The data processing unit inputs a voltage reduction instruction to the PID control unit, and the PID control unit increases the set speed value to 70 rpm according to the voltage reduction instruction. By analyzing the speed signal of the small blade, the speed value of the small blade is obtained to be 80 rpm. After comparison, it is known that the speed value of the small blade is equal to the set speed value. At this time, the sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state.

[0184] The sensitivity of the differential sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state to ensure the accuracy of the sensed differential AC current signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the electric field measurement.

[0185] Through the measurement method described in Example 2, the DC voltage signal can be converted into an electric field amplitude corresponding to the external electric field. Since the electric field amplitude corresponds to the measured electric field amplitude, the purpose of measuring the measured electrostatic field can be achieved by obtaining the electric field amplitude.

[0186] Embodiment 3

[0187] Fig.17 and Fig.18 As shown, this embodiment provides a field milling electric field detection device, including the field milling electric field sensor 8 recorded in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and a fixed bracket 6 made of conductive metal, wherein the field milling electric field sensor 8 is assembled on the mounting position 7 through the fixed bracket 6.

[0188] Specifically, an assembly position is formed on one side wall of the housing 1 , wherein the assembly position may be a threaded hole penetrating through the interior of the housing, or a threaded groove formed on the surface of the housing.

[0189] The fixing bracket 6 is a bent sheet of an integrated structure, including a first sheet and a second sheet, and the connection between the first sheet and the second sheet is an arc structure. A first through hole 61 is formed on the first sheet, and a second through hole 62 is formed on the second sheet.

[0190] Furthermore, the first through hole 61 is connected to the housing through a fastener, and the second through hole 62 is connected to the mounting position 7 through a fastener.

[0191] Preferably, the first through hole 61 is a circular hole, and the second through hole 62 is a bar-shaped hole.

[0192] Since the second through hole 62 is a strip-shaped hole, the distance between the field milling type electric field sensor 8 and the mounting position 7 can be adjusted.

[0193] Preferably, the mounting location 7 may be a metal frame in the detection area.

[0194] The field-milling electric field sensor 8 is assembled on the mounting position 7 by means of the fixing bracket 6, which not only facilitates the measurement of the electric field in the detection area, but also, compared with the existing field-milling electric field sensor, can achieve grounding without setting a ground wire or a carbon brush, thereby introducing the static charge generated by the rotating shaft into the earth.

[0195] Specifically, in the field mill type electric field sensor 8, the electrostatic charge guiding path is the rotating shaft, the first bearing, the second bearing, the boss, the upper shell, the screw and the shell in sequence. Through the above path, the electrostatic charge generated by the rotating shaft can be guided to the shell. Since the fixed bracket is connected to the shell, the electrostatic charge is guided from the shell to the fixed bracket 6. Since the fixed bracket 6 is connected to the mounting position 7, the electrostatic charge is finally guided to the ground connected to the mounting position 7 through the fixed bracket 6 and the mounting position 7.

[0196] The field mill type electric field sensor 8 uses the electric field measurement method described in the second embodiment to measure the electric field in the detection area to obtain the measured electric field amplitude in the detection area.

[0197] Embodiment 4

[0198] like Fig.19 As shown, this embodiment includes the field mill type electric field sensor 8 recorded in the first embodiment, or the field mill type electric field sensor assembly recorded in the third embodiment, and a terminal device 9 connected to the field mill type electric field sensor 8 .

[0199] Furthermore, the field mill type electric field sensor 8 is connected to the terminal device 9 for communication via a communication unit, so as to send the electric field amplitude obtained by the field mill type electric field sensor 8 to the terminal device 9 .

[0200] Furthermore, an electric field debugging instrument is provided between the field mill type electric field sensor 8 and the terminal device 9, and the field mill type electric field sensor 8 is communicatively connected with the terminal device 9 via the electric field debugging instrument.

[0201] Optionally, the terminal device 9 may be a server, a PC or a PLC.

[0202] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is only illustrative and not restrictive of the present invention. Those skilled in the art understand that many changes, modifications, and even equivalences may be made to the present invention within the spirit and scope defined by the claims of the present invention, but all of them will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric field sensor, characterized in that: include: An electric field sensing component, used for obtaining an AC voltage signal, comprises a sensitive structure, a driving part, a small blade and a photoelectric tube component, wherein the sensitive structure comprises a shielding electrode, a sensing electrode, a shielding shell and an upper shell, wherein the shielding electrode comprises a connected rotating blade and a sleeve, wherein the sleeve passes through the interior of the sensing electrode, wherein the driving part comprises a rotating component and a stator component, wherein the stator component is located inside the sleeve, wherein the rotating component comprises a rotating shaft, and a first bearing and a second bearing respectively sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft, wherein the first end of the rotating shaft passes through the interior of the stator component and is fixed inside the sleeve, wherein the first bearing is located inside the stator component, and the second bearing is located outside the stator component, wherein the second end of the rotating shaft, the photoelectric tube component and the small blade are all located inside the shielding shell, wherein the second end of the rotating shaft is placed inside the small blade to drive the shielding electrode to rotate synchronously with the small blade, wherein the photoelectric tube component is arranged on the top end surface of the upper shell, wherein the photoelectric tube component is located on one side of the small blade, facing the small blade, and is used for obtaining a rotation speed signal of the small blade; A control component, used for converting a DC voltage signal into an amplitude of an electric field to be measured, comprises a data processing unit, a PID control unit and a speed acquisition unit, wherein the PID control unit is connected to the driving part, and is used for controlling the driving part to drive the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to a set speed value; the speed acquisition unit is connected to the photoelectric tube component, and is used for converting the speed signal of the small blade into the speed value of the small blade; the data processing unit analyzes the speed value of the small blade, and ensures that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state according to the analysis result.

2. The electric field sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The set speed value is an adjustable variable.

3. The electric field sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The stator assembly is electrically connected to the PID control unit; The stator assembly generates an electromagnetic field when energized, and the rotating assembly drives the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously through the electromagnetic field.

4. The electric field sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensitive structure also includes a conversion unit; The conversion unit is vertically arranged on the outer wall surface of the shielding shell, and is used for converting the alternating current signal collected by the sensing electrode into an alternating voltage signal.

5. The electric field sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shielding electrode is made of magnetic shielding material.

6. The electric field sensor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Also included is a voltage signal conversion component for converting an AC voltage signal into a DC voltage signal; The voltage signal conversion component includes an amplifying unit, a first signal modulation unit, a second signal modulation unit and a waveform conversion module, wherein the amplifying unit is electrically connected to the waveform conversion module, and the photoelectric tube component is electrically connected to the waveform conversion module through the first signal modulation unit and the second signal modulation unit; The amplifying unit is used to amplify the AC voltage signal to generate an amplified AC voltage signal; The first signal modulation unit and the second signal modulation unit are used to convert the non-square wave signal output by the photoelectric tube assembly into a saturated signal; The waveform conversion module is used to convert the amplified AC voltage signal and the saturation signal into the DC voltage signal.

7. The electric field sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control component also includes a third signal modulation unit, wherein the photoelectric tube component is electrically connected to the speed acquisition unit through the first signal modulation unit and the third signal modulation unit, and is used to obtain the speed value of the small blade according to the speed signal of the small blade.

8. The electric field sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a housing and a power supply part; Wherein, the shell includes an electric field collection port and a first opening; The power supply part is used to supply power to the electric field sensing component, the voltage signal conversion component and the control component.

9. A method for adjusting the sensitivity of a sensing electrode, applied to the electric field sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The driving part drives the shielding electrode and the small blade to rotate synchronously according to the set speed value input by the PID control unit; The rotation speed acquisition unit converts the rotation speed signal of the small blade acquired by the photoelectric tube assembly into a rotation speed value of the small blade; The data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade, and ensures that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state according to the analysis result.

10. The method for adjusting the sensitivity of the sensing electrode according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data processing unit analyzes the rotation speed value of the small blade, and adjusts the sensitivity of the sensing electrode to a stable state according to the analysis result, including: If the rotation speed value of the small blade meets the preset judgment condition, it is determined that the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is in a stable state; If the rotation speed value of the small blade does not meet the preset judgment condition, the sensitivity of the sensing electrode is adjusted to a stable state according to the judgment result.

11. The method for adjusting the sensitivity of the sensing electrode according to claim 10, characterized in that: The rotation speed value of the small blade meets the preset judgment condition, including that the rotation speed value of the small blade is equal to the set rotation speed value, or the rotation speed value of the small blade is equal to the preset value; The rotation speed value of the small blade does not satisfy the preset judgment condition includes that the rotation speed value of the small blade is greater than or less than the set rotation speed value, or the rotation speed value of the small blade is greater than or less than the preset value.

Images