Fuel cell hydrogen supply system for closed environments

Abstract

The application relates to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for a closed environment, which comprises a raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, an organic liquid hydrogen supply unit, an alloy hydrogen storage unit and a gas-liquid separator, the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit is filled with hydrogen storage organic liquid, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit is communicated with the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit carries out dehydrogenation treatment on the hydrogen storage organic liquid, the alloy hydrogen storage unit comprises an embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, a first cavity and a second cavity are formed in the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen storage alloy materials are filled in the first cavity, the second cavity is communicated with the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit, the gas-liquid separator has a feeding port, a liquid outlet, a first gas outlet and a second gas outlet; hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers are separated by the gas-liquid separator after passing through the second cavity, and the separated hydrogen can be introduced into the first cavity of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank to supplement hydrogen for the hydrogen storage alloy materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and more particularly to a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for use in a closed environment. Background Technology

[0002] The hydrogen supply system is a crucial component of a hydrogen fuel cell system. The hydrogen storage density and quantity directly determine the energy storage density and continuous operating time of the hydrogen supply system, thus determining the submersible's range. Domestic and international researchers have conducted extensive research on hydrogen storage technology for submersible fuel cells, with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage currently being the main methods. However, high-pressure hydrogen storage has low storage density and requires a high level of hydrogen resupply assurance, while cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage has a high daily evaporation rate (1.0wt%–2.0wt% / day) and is difficult to miniaturize, making it unsuitable for confined space environments.

[0003] To meet the hydrogen supply requirements of closed environments, organic liquid hydrogen storage technology can be used, which has the characteristics of high hydrogen storage density, convenient raw material storage and transportation, and no tail gas emission. However, the organic liquid hydrogen storage requires external heating during the dehydrogenation process.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with application number CN202010968959.X proposes an organic liquid hydrogen supply system for a closed environment. Hydrogen containing water vapor is obtained by hydrolyzing metal hydrides. The water vapor content is adjusted by the ratio of water to metal hydride. Hydrogen, water vapor and oxygen undergo an oxidation reaction. Under the dilution effect of inert gas water vapor, hydrogen-oxygen catalytic combustion is carried out safely and stably under low temperature (≤500℃). The heat of hydrolysis and the heat of hydrogen-oxygen combustion are used to heat the organic liquid for dehydrogenation.

[0005] However, the aforementioned hydrogen supply system requires the replenishment of hydrogen storage metal to the metal hydride treatment tank, which is inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for a closed environment to solve the problem that existing hydrogen supply systems require the replenishment of hydrogen storage metals in the metal hydride treatment tank, which is inconvenient to use.

[0007] This invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for a closed environment, comprising a feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit, an organic liquid hydrogen supply unit, an alloy hydrogen storage unit, and a gas-liquid separator. The feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit contains a hydrogen-storing organic liquid. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit is connected to the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit and receives the hydrogen-storing organic liquid discharged from the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit performs dehydrogenation treatment on the hydrogen-storing organic liquid to form hydrogen and a liquid hydrogen storage carrier. The alloy hydrogen storage unit includes an embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. The embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy material. The second chamber is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit and receives hydrogen and the liquid hydrogen storage carrier. The gas-liquid separator has an inlet connected to the second chamber, an outlet connected to the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit, a first outlet connected to the fuel cell module, and a second outlet connected to the first chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the raw material storage and hydrogen supply unit includes an elastic liquid storage bladder, a tank, and a variable frequency metering pump. The elastic liquid storage bladder is built into the tank and is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit via the variable frequency metering pump. The gap between the elastic liquid storage bladder and the tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0009] Furthermore, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit includes an integrated dehydrogenation reactor and an oxygen source. The feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit and the oxygen source, and the discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit for conveying hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier to the second chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a heat exchanger and a condenser, with the discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit in sequence via the heat exchanger and the condenser.

[0011] Furthermore, the feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor can be connected to the first gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a hydrogen buffer tank, through which the first outlet of the gas-liquid separator can be connected to the feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor and / or the fuel cell module.

[0013] Furthermore, the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank also includes heat exchange fins, which are fixed in the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. One side of the heat exchange fins extends into the first chamber, and the other side of the heat exchange fins extends into the second chamber, so as to facilitate heat exchange between the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a first inlet port connecting to the second chamber, the top of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a second inlet port connecting to the second chamber, and a third inlet port connecting to the first chamber. A regulating valve is installed at the first inlet port and connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit. The second inlet port is connected to the gas-liquid separator. The third inlet port is connected to the fuel cell module or the gas-liquid separator.

[0015] Furthermore, the number of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tanks is multiple.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, and a third solenoid valve. The first outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the fuel cell module via the first solenoid valve, the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first chamber via the second solenoid valve, and the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the fuel cell module in sequence via the second solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve.

[0017] Compared to existing technologies, the hydrogen storage alloy material in the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module independently. Simultaneously, the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit can introduce the hydrogen-storing organic liquid into the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit dehydrogenates the organic liquid to form hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers. The hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers, carrying a certain amount of heat, pass through the second chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. Heat exchange occurs between the first and second chambers, providing the necessary heat for the hydrogen storage alloy material to release hydrogen, thus completing the heating process of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. By integrating its internal components, the device size is effectively reduced, making it suitable for compact locations. After passing through the second chamber, hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers are separated by a gas-liquid separator. The hydrogen can be used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module independently, or it can be introduced into the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank to replenish the hydrogen storage alloy material. At this time, only the temperature and pressure of the externally immersed alloy hydrogen storage tank need to be controlled to regenerate the hydrogen storage metal. By replenishing the hydrogen storage organic liquid to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, the replenishment of the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit and the alloy hydrogen storage unit can be completed, reducing the types of raw materials supplied and making it convenient to use. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for a closed environment provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen supply system for a closed environment, comprising a feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit 10, an organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30, an alloy hydrogen storage unit 60, and a gas-liquid separator 70. The feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 contains a hydrogen-storing organic liquid. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 is connected to the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 and is used to receive the hydrogen-storing organic liquid discharged from the feedstock storage and hydrogen supply unit 10. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 performs dehydrogenation treatment on the hydrogen-storing organic liquid to form hydrogen gas and liquid. The hydrogen storage carrier, alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 includes an embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, the interior of which forms a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is filled with hydrogen storage alloy material, and the second chamber is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 to receive hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier. The gas-liquid separator 70 has an inlet connected to the second chamber, an outlet connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit 10, a first gas outlet connected to the fuel cell module, and a second gas outlet connected to the first chamber.

[0021] In implementation, the hydrogen storage alloy material in the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module independently. Simultaneously, the raw material storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 can introduce the hydrogen storage organic liquid into the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 dehydrogenates the hydrogen storage organic liquid to form hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers. The hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers carry a certain amount of heat through the second chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. Heat exchange occurs between the first and second chambers, providing the necessary heat for the hydrogen storage alloy material to release hydrogen. This integrates the heating process of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. Internally, the design effectively reduces the equipment size, making it suitable for compact locations. After passing through the second chamber, hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers are separated by the gas-liquid separator 70. The resulting hydrogen can be used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module independently, or it can be introduced into the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank to replenish the hydrogen storage alloy material. At this time, by controlling the temperature and pressure of the externally immersed alloy hydrogen storage tank, hydrogen storage metal can be regenerated. By replenishing the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit 10 with hydrogen storage organic liquid, the replenishment of the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 and the alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 can be completed, reducing the types of raw materials supplied and making it convenient to use.

[0022] In this embodiment, the raw material storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 is a structure for storing hydrogen-containing organic liquid.

[0023] In one embodiment, the raw material storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 includes an elastic liquid storage bladder 101, a tank 102, and a variable frequency metering pump 20. The elastic liquid storage bladder 101 is built into the tank 102 and is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 via the variable frequency metering pump 20. The gap between the elastic liquid storage bladder 101 and the tank 102 is connected to the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70.

[0024] In the initial stage of hydrogen supply, the elastic liquid storage bladder 101 is filled with hydrogen-storing organic liquid, which can be delivered to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 by the variable frequency metering pump 20. It is understood that the shape of the tank 102 is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the radial cross-section of the tank 102 can be square, rectangular, etc.

[0025] The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 in this embodiment can dehydrogenate the hydrogen storage organic liquid to form hydrogen gas and liquid hydrogen storage carrier.

[0026] In one embodiment, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 includes an integrated dehydrogenation reactor and an oxygen source. The feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit 10 and the oxygen source, and the discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 for conveying hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier to the second chamber.

[0027] It is understood that the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is a structure that those skilled in the art can conceive of for dehydrogenating hydrogen-storing organic liquids. By adding hydrogen, oxygen and hydrogen-storing organic liquids to the integrated dehydrogenation reactor and controlling the temperature inside the integrated dehydrogenation reactor, the hydrogen-storing organic liquids can be transformed into hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers.

[0028] To facilitate temperature control of the hydrogen gas and hydrogen storage organic liquid entering the second chamber, in one embodiment, a heat exchanger 40 and a condenser 50 are also included. The discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 via the heat exchanger 40 and the condenser 50 in sequence.

[0029] The feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor can be connected to the first gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70.

[0030] To facilitate the smooth supply of hydrogen generated in the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 and the alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 to the fuel cell module, this embodiment also includes a hydrogen buffer tank 80. The first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 can be connected to the feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor and / or the fuel cell module via the hydrogen buffer tank 80.

[0031] Hydrogen supplied through the hydrogen buffer tank 80 can be directly supplied to the fuel cell module. At the same time, it can also be introduced into the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 through the hydrogen charging solenoid valve 804 and the hydrogen mass flow controller 805.

[0032] The alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 in this embodiment includes an embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. The interior of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a first chamber and a second chamber. The first chamber is filled with hydrogen storage alloy material, and the second chamber is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 to receive hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier.

[0033] It is understood that the aforementioned hydrogen storage alloy materials are one or a mixture of two of the following: titanium-iron, titanium-manganese, and vanadium-iron hydrogen storage alloys.

[0034] To improve the heat exchange efficiency between the first chamber and the second chamber, in one embodiment, the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank further includes heat exchange fins. The heat exchange fins are fixed in the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, with one side of the heat exchange fins extending into the first chamber and the other side of the heat exchange fins extending into the second chamber, so as to facilitate heat exchange between the first chamber and the second chamber.

[0035] The embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a first inlet at the bottom that connects to the second chamber, a second inlet at the top that connects to the second chamber, and a third inlet at the top that connects to the first chamber. A regulating valve is installed at the first inlet and connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30. The second inlet is connected to the gas-liquid separator 70. The third inlet is connected to the fuel cell module or the gas-liquid separator 70.

[0036] In one embodiment, there are multiple embedded alloy hydrogen storage tanks. For example, there may be a first embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank 601, a second embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank 602, a third embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank 603, ..., an Nth embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank 60N, the number of which depends on the amount of hydrogen required to be supplied to the fuel cell module. Simultaneously, the corresponding regulating valves are a first regulating valve 6011, a second regulating valve 6021, a third regulating valve 6031, ..., an Nth regulating valve 60N1.

[0037] To facilitate control of the flow direction of hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 70, in one embodiment, a first solenoid valve 801, a second solenoid valve 802, and a third solenoid valve 803 are also included. The first outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 is connected to the fuel cell module via the first solenoid valve 801, the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 is connected to the first chamber via the second solenoid valve 802, and the second outlet of the gas-liquid separator 70 is connected to the fuel cell module in sequence via the second solenoid valve 802 and the third solenoid valve 803.

[0038] Compared with existing technologies: The hydrogen storage alloy material in the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank can supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module independently. Simultaneously, the raw material storage and hydrogen supply unit 10 can introduce the hydrogen storage organic liquid into the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30. The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 dehydrogenates the hydrogen storage organic liquid to form hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers. The hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carriers carry a certain amount of heat through the second chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. Heat exchange occurs between the first and second chambers, providing the necessary heat for the hydrogen storage alloy material to release hydrogen. This integrates the heating process of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank. The internal structure effectively reduces the size of the equipment, making it suitable for compact locations. After passing through the second chamber, the hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier are separated by the gas-liquid separator 70. The hydrogen can be used to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module alone, or it can be introduced into the first chamber of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank to replenish the hydrogen storage alloy material. At this time, only the temperature and pressure of the externally immersed alloy hydrogen storage tank need to be controlled to regenerate the hydrogen storage metal. By replenishing the hydrogen storage organic liquid to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit 10, the replenishment of the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit 30 and the alloy hydrogen storage unit 60 can be completed, reducing the types of raw materials supplied and making it convenient to use.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hydrogen supply system for use in a closed environment, characterized in that, Comprising; A raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, which contains a hydrogen storage organic liquid; An organic liquid hydrogen supply unit, which is connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit to receive the hydrogen storage organic liquid from the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, and which dehydrogenates the hydrogen storage organic liquid to form hydrogen gas and a liquid hydrogen storage carrier; An alloy hydrogen storage unit, which includes an embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, and the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank has a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber is filled with a hydrogen storage alloy material, and the second chamber is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit to receive the hydrogen gas and the liquid hydrogen storage carrier; A gas-liquid separator, which has a feed inlet connected to the second chamber, a liquid outlet connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit, a first gas outlet connected to the fuel cell module, and a second gas outlet connected to the first chamber; Further comprising a first electromagnetic valve, a second electromagnetic valve, and a third electromagnetic valve, the first gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the fuel cell module via the first electromagnetic valve, the second gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the first chamber via the second electromagnetic valve, and the second gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the fuel cell module via the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve in sequence; When the first electromagnetic valve is open, and the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are closed, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell module alone; When the third electromagnetic valve is open, and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are closed, the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank supplies hydrogen to the fuel cell module alone; When the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, and the third electromagnetic valve are open, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit and the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank jointly supply hydrogen to the fuel cell module; When the second electromagnetic valve is open, and the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are closed, the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit supplies hydrogen to the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank alone.

2. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 1, wherein The raw material storage hydrogen supply unit includes an elastic liquid storage bag, a tank body, and a variable frequency metering pump, the elastic liquid storage bag is built in the tank body and is connected to the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit via the variable frequency metering pump, and the gap between the elastic liquid storage bag and the tank body is connected to the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

3. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 1, wherein The organic liquid hydrogen supply unit includes an integrated dehydrogenation reactor and an oxygen source, the feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the raw material storage hydrogen supply unit and the oxygen source, and the discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit to transport hydrogen gas and a liquid hydrogen storage carrier into the second chamber.

4. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 3, wherein Further comprising a heat exchanger and a condenser, the discharge end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the second chamber of the alloy hydrogen storage unit via the heat exchanger and the condenser in sequence.

5. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 4, wherein The feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor is connected to the first gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

6. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 5, wherein A hydrogen buffer tank is further included, and a first gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator is communicated with the feed end of the integrated dehydrogenation reactor and / or the fuel cell module via the hydrogen buffer tank.

7. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 1, wherein The embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank further comprises heat exchange fins fixed in the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank, one side of the heat exchange fins extending into the first chamber, and the other side of the heat exchange fins extending into the second chamber for heat exchange between the first chamber and the second chamber.

8. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank is formed with a first drainage port communicating with the second chamber, the top of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tank is formed with a second drainage port communicating with the second chamber and a third drainage port communicating with the first chamber, an adjusting valve is installed at the first drainage port and connected with the organic liquid hydrogen supply unit, the second drainage port is connected with the gas-liquid separator, and the third drainage port is connected with the fuel cell module or the gas-liquid separator.

9. The hydrogen supply system for a fuel cell for a closed environment according to claim 1, wherein The number of the embedded alloy hydrogen storage tanks is multiple.

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