Uniform quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fertilizing machine, and particularly relates to a uniform quantitative fertilizing machine for crop plot breeding, which has large coverage, high working efficiency, high fertilizing uniformity, reduced fertilizer overlapping and blank, and high practicability; the uniform quantitative fertilizing machine comprises a walking chassis, a fertilizer box is installed on the walking chassis; the uniform quantitative fertilizing machine further comprises a quantitative mechanism, a fertilizer throwing cylinder, a guide plate, a control box and a driving mechanism, the quantitative mechanism is used for quantitatively taking out fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer box, the driving mechanism, the control box and the fertilizer throwing cylinder are installed on the walking chassis, the output end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder is inclined towards the rear upper side, the driving mechanism accelerates the fertilizer taken out by the quantitative mechanism and throws the fertilizer along the fertilizer throwing cylinder to the rear of the walking chassis, the guide plate is installed on the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder, the upper end surface of the guide plate is a special-shaped curved surface plate with a protruding middle part, the guide plate guides the fertilizer to be a curved surface gradually rising from the two sides to the center, so that the thrown fertilizer forms a straight line after falling to the ground, and the control box is electrically connected with the quantitative mechanism and the driving mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer applicators, and in particular to a uniform and quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, fertilization is necessary before and during crop planting. Existing technologies offer various fertilization devices, which can be categorized based on the fertilization method:

[0003] 1. A fertilizer applicator that directly buries fertilizer into the soil through a fertilizer pipe equipped with a plow head;

[0004] II. A fertilizer applicator that directly distributes fertilizer onto the ground through a fertilizer application pipe;

[0005] 3. Fertilizer spreaders that use external force to scatter fertilizer on the ground.

[0006] In crop breeding, a quantitative amount of base fertilizer needs to be applied before sowing and tilling. To ensure the accuracy of fertilizer application, a quantitative fertilizer applicator is required. Most existing quantitative fertilizer applicators for breeding adopt the second working method mentioned above. For example, a quantitative fertilizer applicator for wheat breeding proposed in application number "CN202122319155.X" has a small coverage area. Even in small breeding plots, multiple trips are required to complete the fertilization, which can easily lead to overlapping or gaps in fertilization between adjacent areas, hindering uniform crop growth. Fertilizer spreaders, on the other hand, have a large spreading range, covering small breeding plots. For example, a fertilizer spreader and control method with automatically adjustable fertilizer application rate proposed in application number "CN202110809660.4" throws fertilizer in a fan shape, without density distribution; the density on both sides of the fan is higher than in the middle (e.g., ...). Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the uniformity of fertilizer is poor and cannot meet the requirements of quantitative fertilization in plot breeding. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding with a large coverage area, reducing fertilization overlap or gaps, and uniform fertilizer distribution to meet the fertilization needs of plot breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a crop plot breeding uniform quantitative fertilization machine with large coverage area, high working efficiency, high fertilizer uniformity, reduced fertilizer overlap and blank areas, and high practicality.

[0008] This invention discloses a uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding, comprising a walking chassis and a fertilizer tank. The fertilizer tank is mounted on the walking chassis, which carries the fertilizer tank to move within the plot. The fertilizer tank is used to carry fertilizer. It also includes a quantitative mechanism, a fertilizer dispensing cylinder, a guide plate, a control box, and a drive mechanism. The quantitative mechanism is mounted at the bottom of the fertilizer tank and is used to quantitatively dispense fertilizer from the bottom of the tank. The quantitative mechanism has a dispensing function. The drive mechanism is mounted on the walking chassis and has a flat output port. The fertilizer dispensing cylinder is mounted obliquely on the walking chassis, with its output end tilted upwards and backwards. The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer dispensed by the quantitative mechanism and throws it along the fertilizer dispensing cylinder towards the rear of the walking chassis. The guide plate is mounted on the output port of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder, with its front end connected to the lower inner wall of the output port. The upper surface of the guide plate is a convex, irregularly shaped curved panel. The guide plate guides the fertilizer, originally distributed in a planar fan shape, into a curved surface that gradually rises from both sides towards the center, allowing for simultaneous dispensing. The fertilizer lands in a straight line. The control box is mounted on the chassis and is electrically connected to the metering mechanism and drive mechanism. Fertilizer is fed into the fertilizer tank, and the chassis carries the tank across the plot. The metering mechanism extracts fertilizer from the bottom of the tank at a constant speed. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer extracted by the metering mechanism and discharges it along the fertilizer throwing cylinder. A guide plate at the outlet of the cylinder guides the fertilizer, causing it to gradually rise from the sides towards the center, ensuring that the fertilizer is distributed evenly. The traditional planar fan-shaped fertilizer application has been changed to a near-conical irregular curved surface, with the edges of this irregular curved surface located on the same vertical plane. This ensures that the fertilizer falls in a straight line, and the distribution function of the quantitative mechanism ensures uniform fertilizer density. Compared with existing quantitative fertilizer application machines for breeding, this machine covers a larger area, greatly reducing the number of times it needs to travel back and forth in the field, reducing overlapping and blank areas, and improving fertilization efficiency. Compared with existing fertilizer spreaders, it has higher fertilizer uniformity, thus meeting the fertilization needs of small-scale breeding and demonstrating high practicality.

[0009] Preferably, the metering mechanism includes a metering housing and a feeding roller. The metering housing is installed on the lower end face of the fertilizer tank, and the upper end of the metering housing is connected to the fertilizer tank. The lower end face of the metering housing is provided with a long, flat output port arranged laterally relative to the walking chassis. The feeding roller is rotatably installed in the metering housing. Multiple sets of feeding holes are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the feeding roller. Each set of feeding holes has multiple feeding holes arranged axially along the feeding roller, and the spacing of the feeding holes increases from the center of the feeding roller to both sides. The feeding roller is driven by a motor, and the motor is connected to a control... The fertilizer box is electrically connected; the feeding roller rotates at a constant speed under the drive of the motor, so that when the multiple feeding holes of the feeding roller are aligned with the upper end of the metering shell, the fertilizer in the fertilizer box falls into the multiple feeding holes of the feeding roller. When the feeding roller carrying fertilizer is facing the output port of the metering shell, the fertilizer is metered out. Since the fertilizer is less in the middle and more on the sides after it is thrown to the ground, by increasing the spacing of the feeding holes from the center of the feeding roller to the sides, the fertilizer output by the metering shell is more in the middle and less on the sides, thus achieving fertilizer distribution. This makes the fertilizer density uniform when it lands, and it is highly practical.

[0010] Preferably, the pneumatic driving mechanism includes a fan, a flat duct, and a fan motor. The fan is mounted on a chassis and has a flat air outlet. Air inlets are located on both sides of the fan. The input end of the flat duct is connected to the fan outlet, and the output end is connected to the input end of the fertilizer dispersing cylinder. The output port of the metering housing is connected to the center of the fertilizer dispersing cylinder. The fan motor drives the fan and is electrically connected to the control box. The fan motor draws in air through the air inlets on both sides and blows it into the fertilizer dispersing cylinder through the flat duct, forming a flat, high-speed airflow within the cylinder. The air intake on both sides of the fan facilitates the provision of air volume and ensures uniform airflow velocity in the middle and on both sides of the flat airflow. The metering housing laterally feeds fertilizer measured from the fertilizer box by the feeding roller into the fertilizer dispersing cylinder. The high-speed airflow in the cylinder accelerates the fertilizer and throws it out along the cylinder, achieving fertilizer spreading and thus increasing the fertilization coverage area.

[0011] Preferably, the mechanical horizontal throwing method of the drive mechanism includes an accelerator cylinder, an impeller, and an impeller motor. The accelerator cylinder is mounted on a traveling chassis. The accelerator cylinder has a fertilizer throwing chamber inside. Air inlets are located on both sides of the accelerator cylinder, and a fertilizer outlet is located at the bottom. Both the air inlets and the fertilizer outlet are connected to the fertilizer throwing chamber. The fertilizer outlet of the accelerator cylinder is connected to the input end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder. The output port of the metering housing is connected to the upper part of the fertilizer throwing chamber of the accelerator cylinder. The impeller is rotated and mounted in the fertilizer throwing chamber of the accelerator cylinder. The impeller is arranged laterally relative to the traveling chassis. The impeller is equipped with… Multiple horizontally positioned fertilizer-spreading plates are provided, with a small gap between the edges of the plates and the inner wall of the acceleration cylinder. An impeller motor is mounted on the acceleration cylinder, driving the impeller to rotate. The impeller motor is electrically connected to the control box. As the impeller rotates, the metering housing horizontally feeds the fertilizer measured by the feeding roller from the fertilizer box into the upper part of the fertilizer-spreading chamber of the acceleration cylinder. The fertilizer-spreading plates on the impeller push and accelerate the fertilizer, which is then thrown into the fertilizer-spreading cylinder through the fertilizer outlet and ejected along the cylinder, thus spreading the fertilizer and increasing the fertilization coverage area.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a sieve plate, which is horizontally installed in the middle of the fertilizer box. The sieve plate divides the fertilizer box into upper and lower parts and sieves the fertilizer in the fertilizer box. The upper part of the fertilizer box is used to hold the fertilizer, and the fertilizer falls into the lower part of the fertilizer box after being sieved by the sieve plate, so as to avoid the fertilizer caking and affect the quantitative feeding of the feeding roller, and improve the stability of fertilization.

[0013] Preferably, the system also includes a weighing device, a chassis speed measuring device, and a fertilizer speed measuring instrument. A weighing device is installed between the fertilizer tank and the traveling chassis to weigh the fertilizer tank and the fertilizer within it. The chassis speed measuring device is mounted on the traveling chassis and is used to detect the speed of the traveling chassis. The fertilizer speed measuring instrument is installed at the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder and is used to detect the speed at which the fertilizer is thrown, thereby detecting the fertilizer coverage area. The weighing device, chassis speed measuring device, and fertilizer speed measuring instrument are all electrically connected to the control box. By detecting the weight of the fertilizer tank using the weighing device, the fertilizer consumption rate is obtained. By detecting the speed of the traveling chassis using the chassis speed measuring device, the traveling chassis is kept at a constant speed, which is beneficial for adjusting the quantitative material taking speed of the picking roller based on the speed of the traveling chassis. By detecting the fertilizer throwing speed using the fertilizer speed measuring instrument, the fertilizer coverage area is detected, which is beneficial for adjusting the operating power of the fan motor and promoting the stable quantitative operation of the fertilizer applicator.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a lead screw, the input end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder is rotatably hinged to the walking chassis, the lower end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the walking chassis, and the upper end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder. The lead screw is used to adjust the tilt angle of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder. By operating the lead screw to extend or shorten, the tilt angle of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder is changed, thereby changing the fertilizer dispensing distance and the fertilizer coverage area, which is highly practical.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a support and a reflector. The lower end of the support is installed at the rear of the walking chassis, and the reflector is rotatably hinged to the upper end of the support. The reflector is located above and behind the output end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder. The reflector reflects the fertilizer thrown out by the fertilizer throwing cylinder to the rear of the walking chassis, thereby reducing the running height of the fertilizer, shortening the fertilizer landing time, and reducing the impact of strong winds on the uniformity of fertilization. By setting the reflective surface of the reflector to a curved surface, the fertilizer can maintain a large coverage area after reflection.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: fertilizer is input into the fertilizer box, the walking chassis carries the fertilizer box to travel in the plot, the metering mechanism operates, the metering mechanism takes out the fertilizer at the bottom of the fertilizer box at a uniform speed, the drive mechanism operates, the drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer taken out by the metering mechanism and discharges it along the fertilizer throwing cylinder, the guide plate at the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder guides the fertilizer, so that the thrown fertilizer gradually rises from both sides to the middle, so that the fertilizer thrown at the same time changes from the traditional planar fan shape to a near-conical irregular curved surface, and the edges of the irregular curved surface are located on the same vertical plane, so that the fertilizer lands in a straight line. The distribution function of the metering mechanism makes the density of the fertilizer on the ground uniform. Compared with the existing breeding quantitative fertilizer applicator, the coverage area is large, which can greatly reduce the number of times the fertilizer applicator goes back and forth in the plot, reduce the overlapping area and blank area of ​​fertilizer, and improve the fertilization efficiency. Compared with the existing fertilizer throwing machine, the fertilization uniformity is high, thus meeting the fertilization needs of the breeding plot, and the practicality is high. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a side sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view axonometric structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of components such as the material handling roller;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer spreading trajectory;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the uniformity of fertilizer distribution when applied by a traditional fertilizer spreader.

[0024] The following components are labeled in the attached diagram: 1. Walking chassis; 2. Fertilizer bin; 3. Metering shell; 4. Feeding roller; 5. Fertilizer throwing cylinder; 6. Guide plate; 7. Control box; 8. Fan; 9. Flat air duct; 10. Fan motor; 11. Accelerator cylinder; 12. Impeller; 13. Impeller motor; 14. Sieve plate; 15. Weighing device; 16. Chassis speed measuring device; 17. Fertilizer speed measuring instrument; 18. Lead screw; 19. Support; 20. Reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete. Example

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, a uniform quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding includes a walking chassis 1 and a fertilizer tank 2. The fertilizer tank 2 is mounted on the walking chassis 1, and the walking chassis 1 carries the fertilizer tank 2 to move within the plot. The fertilizer tank 2 is used to carry fertilizer. It also includes a quantitative mechanism, a fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5, a guide plate 6, a control box 7, and a drive mechanism. The quantitative mechanism is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2 and is used to quantitatively dispense fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2. The quantitative mechanism has a dispensing function. The drive mechanism is mounted on the walking chassis 1 and has a flat output port. The fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is mounted at an angle on the walking chassis 1, and the output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is angled towards the rear and upward. The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer taken out by the metering mechanism and throws it along the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 towards the rear of the walking chassis 1. The guide plate 6 is installed on the output port of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5. The front end of the guide plate 6 is connected to the lower inner wall of the output port of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5. The upper end surface of the guide plate 6 is an irregular curved plate with a protrusion in the middle. The guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer that was originally distributed in a planar fan shape into a curved surface that gradually rises from both sides to the center, so that the fertilizer that is thrown out at the same time lands in a straight line. The control box 7 is installed on the walking chassis 1 and is electrically connected to the metering mechanism and the drive mechanism. The metering mechanism includes a metering shell. The unit consists of a body 3 and a feeding roller 4. A metering housing 3 is installed on the lower end face of the fertilizer box 2, and its upper end is connected to the fertilizer box 2. The lower end face of the metering housing 3 has a long, flat output port arranged laterally relative to the traveling chassis 1. The feeding roller 4 is rotatably installed within the metering housing 3. Multiple sets of feeding holes are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the feeding roller 4. Each set of feeding holes has multiple feeding holes arranged axially along the feeding roller 4, and the spacing between the feeding holes increases from the center of the feeding roller 4 towards both sides. The feeding roller 4 is driven by a motor, which is electrically connected to the control box 7. The drive mechanism utilizes a pneumatic system including a fan 8, a flat air duct 9, and a fan motor 10. The fan 8 is mounted on the walking chassis 1. The fan 8 has a flat air outlet and air inlets on both sides. The input end of the flat air duct 9 is connected to the air outlet of the fan 8, and the output end of the flat air duct 9 is connected to the input end of the fertilizer disposer 5. The output port of the metering housing 3 is connected to the middle of the fertilizer disposer 5. The fan motor 10 drives the fan 8 to run and is electrically connected to the control box 7. The fan 8 also includes a lead screw 18. The input end of the fertilizer disposer 5 is rotatably hinged to the walking chassis 1. The lower end of the lead screw 18 is rotatably connected to the walking chassis 1, and the upper end of the lead screw 18 is rotatably connected to the output end of the fertilizer disposer 5. The lead screw 18 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the fertilizer disposer 5.

[0027] Fertilizer is fed into fertilizer tank 2. The chassis 1 carries fertilizer tank 2 and moves it around the plot of land. The metering mechanism operates, uniformly removing fertilizer from the bottom of fertilizer tank 2. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer removed by the metering mechanism and discharges it along the fertilizer discharge cylinder 5. At the outlet of the fertilizer discharge cylinder 5, the guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer, causing the discharged fertilizer to gradually rise from both sides towards the center. This changes the discharged fertilizer from a traditional planar fan shape to a near-conical irregular curved surface, with the edges of this irregular curved surface located on the same vertical plane. This ensures that the fertilizer falls in a straight line, and the distribution function of the quantitative mechanism ensures uniform fertilizer density. Compared with existing quantitative fertilizer applicators for breeding, it covers a larger area, greatly reducing the number of times the fertilizer applicator travels back and forth in the field, reducing fertilizer overlap and blank areas, and improving fertilization efficiency. Compared with existing fertilizer spreaders, it has higher fertilizer uniformity, thus meeting the fertilization needs of small-scale breeding and is highly practical. The feeding roller 4 rotates at a constant speed under the drive of the motor, so that when the multiple feeding holes of the feeding roller 4 are aligned with the upper end of the quantitative housing 3, the fertilizer box 2... The fertilizer falls into multiple feeding holes of the feeding roller 4. When the feeding roller 4 carrying the fertilizer feeding holes faces the output port of the metering housing 3, the fertilizer is metered out. Since the fertilizer is less in the middle and more on the sides after being thrown to the ground, the spacing of the feeding holes is increased from the center to the sides of the feeding roller 4, so that the fertilizer output from the metering housing 3 is more in the middle and less on the sides, thus achieving fertilizer distribution. This makes the fertilizer density uniform when it lands, resulting in high practicality. The fan motor 10 drives the fan 8 to run. The fan 8 draws in air through the air inlets on both sides and blows it into the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5 through the flat air pipe 9. A flat, high-speed airflow is formed in the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5. The air intake on both sides of the fan 8 helps to provide air volume and ensures that the airflow velocity in the middle and on both sides of the flat airflow is uniform. The metering shell 3 feeds the fertilizer metered from the fertilizer box 2 by the feeding roller 4 into the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5. The high-speed airflow in the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5 accelerates the fertilizer and throws it out along the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5, thereby achieving fertilizer spreading and increasing the fertilizer coverage area. The operating screw 18 extends or shortens, which changes the tilt angle of the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5, thereby changing the fertilizer spreading distance and the fertilizer coverage area, making it highly practical. Example

[0028] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, a uniform quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding includes a walking chassis 1 and a fertilizer tank 2. The fertilizer tank 2 is mounted on the walking chassis 1 and moves within the plot, carrying fertilizer. The fertilizer tank 2 is used to carry fertilizer. It also includes a quantitative mechanism, a fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5, a guide plate 6, a control box 7, and a drive mechanism. The quantitative mechanism is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2 and is used to quantitatively dispense fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2. The quantitative mechanism has a dispensing function. The drive mechanism is mounted on the walking chassis 1 and has a flat output port. The fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is mounted at an angle on the walking chassis 1, with its output end tilted upwards and backwards. The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism, which dispenses the fertilizer. The fertilizer extracted by the metering mechanism is accelerated and thrown out along the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5 towards the rear of the walking chassis 1. The guide plate 6 is installed on the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5. The front end of the guide plate 6 is connected to the lower inner wall of the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5. The upper end surface of the guide plate 6 is an irregular curved plate with a protruding center. The guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer, which was originally distributed in a planar fan shape, into a curved surface that gradually rises from both sides to the center, so that the fertilizer thrown out at the same time lands in a straight line. The control box 7 is installed on the walking chassis 1 and is electrically connected to the metering mechanism and the drive mechanism. The metering mechanism includes a metering housing 3 and a feeding roller 4. The metering housing 3 is installed on the lower end surface of the fertilizer box 2. The upper end of the metering housing 3 is connected to the fertilizer box 2. The lower end surface of the metering housing 3 is provided with a relative row The chassis 1 has a transversely arranged long, flat output port. A material-collecting roller 4 is rotatably mounted in a quantitative housing 3. Multiple sets of material-collecting holes are evenly arranged circumferentially on the outer surface of the roller 4. Each set of material-collecting holes has multiple material-collecting holes arranged axially along the roller 4, and the spacing between the material-collecting holes increases from the center of the roller 4 towards both sides. The roller 4 is driven by a motor, which is electrically connected to a control box 7. The mechanical throwing mechanism includes an acceleration cylinder 11, an impeller 12, and an impeller motor 13. The acceleration cylinder 11 is mounted on the chassis 1. An fertilizer-throwing chamber is located inside the acceleration cylinder 11. Air inlets are located on both sides of the acceleration cylinder 11, and a fertilizer outlet is located at the bottom of the acceleration cylinder 11. Both the air inlets and the fertilizer outlet communicate with the fertilizer-throwing chamber. The fertilizer outlet of cylinder 11 is connected to the input end of fertilizer throwing cylinder 5, and the output port of metering shell 3 is connected to the upper part of fertilizer throwing chamber of acceleration cylinder 11. Impeller 12 is rotatably mounted in fertilizer throwing chamber of acceleration cylinder 11. Impeller 12 is arranged laterally relative to the walking chassis 1. Multiple horizontally placed fertilizer throwing plates are provided on impeller 12. The edges of multiple fertilizer throwing plates are provided with small gaps with the inner wall of acceleration cylinder 11. Impeller motor 13 is mounted on acceleration cylinder 11 and drives impeller 12 to rotate. Impeller motor 13 is electrically connected to control box 7. It also includes bracket 19 and reflector 20. The lower end of bracket 19 is installed at the rear of walking chassis 1. Reflector 20 is rotatably hinged to the upper end of bracket 19. Reflector 20 is located above and behind the output end of fertilizer throwing cylinder 5.

[0029] Fertilizer is fed into fertilizer bin 2. The chassis 1 carries fertilizer bin 2 and moves it around the plot of land. The metering mechanism operates, uniformly removing fertilizer from the bottom of fertilizer bin 2. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer removed by the metering mechanism and discharges it along the fertilizer discharge cylinder 5. At the outlet of the fertilizer discharge cylinder 5, the guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer, causing the discharged fertilizer to gradually rise from both sides towards the center. This changes the discharged fertilizer from a traditional planar fan shape to a near-conical irregular curved surface, with the edges of this irregular curved surface located on the same vertical plane. The fertilizer is distributed in a straight line upon landing, ensuring uniform density through the quantitative distribution mechanism. Compared to existing quantitative fertilizer applicators for breeding, this method covers a larger area, significantly reducing the number of times the applicator travels across the field, minimizing overlapping and blank areas, and improving fertilization efficiency. Compared to existing fertilizer spreaders, it offers higher uniformity, meeting the fertilization needs of small-scale breeding and demonstrating high practicality. The feeding roller 4 rotates at a constant speed driven by a motor, aligning its multiple feeding holes with the upper end of the quantitative housing 3 to distribute the fertilizer evenly. The fertilizer in box 2 falls into multiple feeding holes of the feeding roller 4. When the feeding roller 4 carrying the fertilizer feeding holes faces the output port of the metering housing 3, the fertilizer is metered out. Since the fertilizer is less in the middle and more on the sides after it hits the ground, the spacing of the feeding holes is increased from the center of the feeding roller 4 to the sides, so that the fertilizer output from the metering housing 3 is more in the middle and less on the sides, thus achieving fertilizer distribution. This makes the fertilizer density uniform when it hits the ground, resulting in high practicality. The impeller motor 13 drives the impeller 12 to rotate, and the metering housing 3 moves the fertilizer metered out of the fertilizer box 2 by the feeding roller 4 laterally. The fertilizer is placed in the upper part of the fertilizer-throwing chamber of the acceleration cylinder 11. The fertilizer-throwing plate on the impeller 12 pushes and accelerates the fertilizer and throws it into the fertilizer-throwing cylinder 5 through the fertilizer outlet. The fertilizer is then thrown out along the fertilizer-throwing cylinder 5 to achieve fertilizer scattering, thereby increasing the fertilizer coverage area. The reflector plate 20 reflects the fertilizer thrown out through the fertilizer-throwing cylinder 5 to the rear of the walking chassis 1, thereby reducing the running height of the fertilizer, shortening the fertilizer landing time, and reducing the impact of strong winds on the uniformity of fertilizer application. By setting the reflector surface of the reflector plate 20 to a curved surface, the fertilizer can maintain a large coverage area after reflection. Example

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding includes a walking chassis 1 and a fertilizer tank 2. The fertilizer tank 2 is mounted on the walking chassis 1, and the walking chassis 1 carries the fertilizer tank 2 to move within the plot. The fertilizer tank 2 is used to carry fertilizer. It also includes a quantitative mechanism, a fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5, a guide plate 6, a control box 7, and a drive mechanism. The quantitative mechanism is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2 and is used to quantitatively extract fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer tank 2. The quantitative mechanism has a dispensing function. The drive mechanism is mounted on the walking chassis 1 and has a flat output port. The fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is mounted obliquely on the walking chassis 1, with its output end tilted upwards and backwards. The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer extracted by the quantitative mechanism and throws it along the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5 towards the rear of the walking chassis 1. The guide plate 6 is installed on the output port of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5, and the front end of the guide plate 6 is connected to the fertilizer dispensing cylinder 5. The output port is connected to the inner wall. The upper surface of the guide plate 6 is a curved plate with a protruding center. The guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer, which was originally spread in a planar fan shape, into a curved surface that gradually rises from both sides to the center, so that the fertilizer thrown at the same time lands in a straight line. The control box 7 is installed on the walking chassis 1 and is electrically connected to the quantitative mechanism and the drive mechanism. It also includes a weighing device 15, a chassis speed measuring device 16 and a fertilizer speed measuring device 17. The weighing device 15 is installed between the fertilizer box 2 and the walking chassis 1. The weighing device 15 is used to weigh the fertilizer box 2 and the fertilizer in it. The chassis speed measuring device 16 is installed on the walking chassis 1 and is used to detect the speed of the walking chassis 1. The fertilizer speed measuring device 17 is installed on the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5 and is used to detect the speed of fertilizer throwing to detect the range of fertilizer coverage. The weighing device 15, the chassis speed measuring device 16 and the fertilizer speed measuring device 17 are evenly electrically connected to the control box 7.

[0031] The weight of the fertilizer bin 2 is detected by the weighing device 15 to obtain the fertilizer consumption rate. The speed of the walking chassis 1 is detected by the chassis speed meter 16 to keep the walking chassis 1 at a constant speed. This is beneficial to adjust the quantitative feeding speed of the feeding roller 4 according to the speed of the walking chassis 1. The fertilizer throwing speed is detected by the fertilizer speed meter 17 to detect the fertilizer coverage range. This is beneficial to adjust the operating power of the fan motor 10 and promote the stable quantitative operation of the fertilizer applicator.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, this invention discloses a uniform quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding. During operation, fertilizer is first fed into a fertilizer bin 2. A sieve plate 14 sieves the fertilizer, which then falls into the lower part of the fertilizer bin 2. A traveling chassis 1 carries the fertilizer bin 2 across the plot. Then, a feeding roller 4 rotates at a constant speed under the drive of a motor. The feeding roller 4 uniformly removes the fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer bin 2 through a feeding hole and discharges it through a quantitative housing 3. A blower motor 10 drives a blower 8, which draws in air through air inlets on both sides and blows it into a fertilizer-distributing cylinder 5 through flat air pipes 9. The quantitative housing 3 then distributes the fertilizer quantitatively removed from the fertilizer bin 2 by the feeding roller 4 horizontally... The fertilizer is fed into the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5. The high-speed airflow in the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5 accelerates the fertilizer and throws it out along the cylinder 5. Then, at the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder 5, the guide plate 6 guides the fertilizer, so that the thrown fertilizer gradually rises from the two sides to the middle. This changes the fertilizer thrown out from the traditional planar fan shape to a near-conical irregular curved surface, and the edges of the irregular curved surface are located on the same vertical plane, so that the fertilizer lands in a straight line. Finally, by increasing the spacing of the picking holes from the center of the picking roller 4 to both sides, the fertilizer output from the metering shell 3 is more in the middle and less on the sides, thus achieving fertilizer distribution and making the fertilizer density uniform when it lands.

[0033] The main functions achieved by this invention are:

[0034] Compared with existing quantitative fertilizer applicators for breeding, this one has a larger coverage area, which can greatly reduce the number of times the fertilizer applicator has to travel back and forth in the field, reduce the overlapping and blank areas of fertilizer, and improve the efficiency of fertilization.

[0035] Compared to existing fertilizer spreaders, the fertilizer is evenly distributed in a straight line after landing, resulting in high fertilization uniformity.

[0036] Able to work in windy environments.

[0037] The uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding of the present invention has common mechanical installation, connection and setting methods, and can be implemented as long as it can achieve its beneficial effect. The walking chassis 1, fertilizer tank 2, fan 8, fan motor 10, impeller motor 13, sieve plate 14, weighing device 15, chassis speed measuring device 16, fertilizer speed measuring instrument 17 and lead screw 18 of the uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding of the present invention are purchased from the market. Technical personnel in this industry only need to install and operate it according to the accompanying instruction manual, without requiring any creative work from those skilled in the art.

[0038] All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A uniform quantitative fertilizer machine for breeding of crop plot, comprising a walking chassis (1) and a fertilizer box (2), the fertilizer box (2) is installed on the walking chassis (1), the walking chassis (1) carries the fertilizer box (2) to walk in the plot land, and the fertilizer box (2) is used for carrying fertilizer; characterized in that, It also includes a metering mechanism, a fertilizer dispensing cylinder (5), a guide plate (6), a control box (7), and a drive mechanism. The metering mechanism is installed at the bottom of the fertilizer box (2) and is used to meter fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer box (2). The metering mechanism has a dispensing function. The drive mechanism is installed on the walking chassis (1) and has a flat output port. The fertilizer dispensing cylinder (5) is installed at an angle on the walking chassis (1). The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder (5) is tilted towards the rear and upward. The output end of the fertilizer dispensing cylinder (5) is connected to the output end of the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism accelerates the fertilizer taken out by the metering mechanism and moves it along the fertilizer dispensing cylinder (5) towards the walking chassis (1). The fertilizer is thrown out from behind the fertilizer cylinder (5). The guide plate (6) is installed on the output port of the fertilizer cylinder (5). The front end of the guide plate (6) is connected to the lower inner wall of the output port of the fertilizer cylinder (5). The upper surface of the guide plate (6) is a convex curved plate. The guide plate (6) makes the thrown fertilizer gradually rise from the two sides to the middle, so that the fertilizer thrown at the same time changes from the traditional planar fan shape to a near-conical shaped curved surface. The edge of the shaped curved surface is located on the same vertical plane, so that the fertilizer thrown at the same time forms a straight line after landing. The control box (7) is installed on the walking chassis (1). The control box (7) is electrically connected to the quantitative mechanism and the drive mechanism. The quantitative mechanism includes a quantitative housing (3) and a feeding roller (4). The quantitative housing (3) is installed on the lower end face of the fertilizer box (2). The upper end of the quantitative housing (3) is connected to the fertilizer box (2). The lower end face of the quantitative housing (3) is provided with a long and flat output port arranged laterally relative to the walking chassis (1). The feeding roller (4) is rotatably installed in the quantitative housing (3). Multiple sets of feeding holes are evenly arranged along the circumference on the outer surface of the feeding roller (4). Each set of feeding holes is provided with multiple feeding holes arranged along the axial direction of the feeding roller (4). The spacing of the feeding holes increases from the center of the feeding roller (4) to both sides. The feeding roller (4) is driven by a motor. The motor is electrically connected to the control box (7). It also includes a bracket (19) and a reflector (20). The lower end of the bracket (19) is installed at the rear of the walking chassis (1), and the reflector (20) is rotatably hinged to the upper end of the bracket (19). The reflector (20) is located above and behind the output end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5).

2. A uniform and quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding as set forth in claim 1, wherein The drive mechanism includes a fan (8), a flat duct (9) and a fan motor (10). The fan (8) is mounted on a walking chassis (1). The fan (8) has a flat air outlet and air inlets on both sides. The input end of the flat duct (9) is connected to the air outlet of the fan (8). The output end of the flat duct (9) is connected to the input end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5). The output port of the metering shell (3) is connected to the middle of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5). The fan motor (10) drives the fan (8) to run. The fan motor (10) is electrically connected to the control box (7).

3. The uniform and quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical flat-throwing method of the drive mechanism includes an accelerator cylinder (11), an impeller (12), and an impeller motor (13). The accelerator cylinder (11) is mounted on a walking chassis (1). The accelerator cylinder (11) has a fertilizer throwing chamber inside. Air inlets are provided on both sides of the accelerator cylinder (11), and a fertilizer outlet is provided at the bottom of the accelerator cylinder (11). Both the air inlets and the fertilizer outlet are connected to the fertilizer throwing chamber. The fertilizer outlet of the accelerator cylinder (11) is connected to the input end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5). The output port of the metering housing (3) is connected to the accelerator cylinder (5). The upper part of the fertilizer-throwing chamber of the cylinder (11) is connected. The impeller (12) is rotated and installed in the fertilizer-throwing chamber of the acceleration cylinder (11). The impeller (12) is arranged horizontally relative to the traveling chassis (1). Multiple horizontally placed fertilizer-throwing plates are provided on the impeller (12). The edges of the multiple fertilizer-throwing plates are provided with a small gap with the inner wall of the acceleration cylinder (11). The impeller motor (13) is installed on the acceleration cylinder (11). The impeller motor (13) drives the impeller (12) to rotate. The impeller motor (13) is electrically connected to the control box (7).

4. The uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a sieve plate (14), which is horizontally installed in the middle of the fertilizer box (2). The sieve plate (14) divides the fertilizer box (2) into upper and lower parts and sieves the fertilizer in the fertilizer box (2).

5. The uniform quantitative fertilization machine for crop plot breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a weighing device (15), a chassis speed measuring device (16), and a fertilizer speed measuring device (17). A weighing device (15) is installed between the fertilizer box (2) and the walking chassis (1). The weighing device (15) is used to weigh the fertilizer box (2) and the fertilizer in it. The chassis speed measuring device (16) is installed on the walking chassis (1). The weighing device (15) is used to detect the speed of the walking chassis (1). The fertilizer speed measuring device (17) is installed on the output port of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5). The fertilizer speed measuring device (17) is used to detect the speed at which the fertilizer is thrown, thereby detecting the range covered by the fertilizer. The weighing device (15), the chassis speed measuring device (16), and the fertilizer speed measuring device (17) are all electrically connected to the control box (7).

6. The uniform and quantitative fertilizer applicator for crop plot breeding as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a lead screw (18), the input end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5) is rotatably hinged to the walking chassis (1), the lower end of the lead screw (18) is rotatably connected to the walking chassis (1), and the upper end of the lead screw (18) is rotatably connected to the output end of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5). The lead screw (18) is used to adjust the tilt angle of the fertilizer throwing cylinder (5).

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