pulverizer

Abstract

This invention discloses a pulverizer that solves the technical problem of improving pulverization efficiency. The pulverizer includes a rotary disc with multiple hammers spaced circumferentially along its edge. A toothed ring is provided on the radially outer region of the rotary disc. Each hammer includes a base and a working part. The base has a hammer mounting structure for mounting the hammers onto the rotary disc. The working part is disposed on the base and used for hammering materials. The working part has a material-separating guide channel extending longitudinally along the hammering direction. Hammering zones are formed at intervals around the inlet of the material-separating guide channel on the front hammering surface of the working part. This significantly improves the pulverization efficiency of the ultrafine pulverizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a pulverizer and a pulverizer hammer, and more particularly to an ultrafine pulverizer and its hammer. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical shaft impact pulverizers (SWFL series) are mainly used in various large, medium and small feed mills for ultra-fine pulverization of various coarse materials to achieve the required ultra-fine particle size (usually adjustable between 60 mesh and 300 mesh). The working principle of the vertical shaft impact pulverizer is as follows: Material enters the pulverizing chamber through the feed inlet. A rotating disc (or pulverizing plate) is installed in the pulverizing chamber. Multiple hammers are arranged circumferentially around the edge of the rotating disc. A toothed ring is located on the radially outer area of ​​the rotating disc. The rotating disc drives the hammers to rotate at high speed. The material is pulverized by the impact of the high-speed hammers and the friction and shearing action between the hammers and the toothed ring. The pulverized material enters the classifying impeller through the guide shroud for classification. Qualified pulverized material is sent away through the discharge chamber by the airflow generated by the fan through the classifying impeller. Unqualified pulverized material falls onto the high-speed rotating disc. On the rotating disc, the material is thrown between the toothed ring and the hammers by centrifugal force, where it is struck again by the hammers and subjected to friction and shearing between the hammers and the toothed ring.

[0003] Patent document CN104624299A discloses an ultrafine pulverizer, specifically a vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer, wherein (see paragraphs 0053 and 0027 of the specification) Figure 5 -Figure 6): One side of the hammerhead is the striking surface. The hammerhead has at least two mounting holes, the line connecting these holes being perpendicular to the striking surface (i.e., the front striking surface). The hammerhead is mounted on the wear-resistant disc (i.e., the rotating disc) through these mounting holes. The striking surface of the hammerhead is located in the diameter direction of the wear-resistant disc. A toothed structure is provided on the side of the hammerhead facing the gear ring; this toothed structure consists of inclined teeth perpendicular to the normal direction of the wear-resistant disc. The toothed structure of the gear ring and hammerhead enhances the impact of the high-velocity flow on the material within the pulverizer, increasing the collision and friction between materials, thereby improving pulverization efficiency and effect, and increasing the pulverizer's output. The technical improvement to the hammerhead in this ultrafine pulverizer involves increasing the impact and shearing action of the material between the gear ring and the hammerhead by providing a toothed structure on the side of the hammerhead facing the gear ring. Existing technologies with similar improvement ideas include patent document publication number CN203342866U, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a crusher and a crusher hammer to solve the technical problem of improving crushing efficiency.

[0005] In a first aspect, a crusher is provided, including a rotary table with a plurality of hammers arranged circumferentially around its edge. A toothed ring is provided in the radially outer region of the rotary table. Each hammer includes a base and a working part. The base has a hammer mounting structure for mounting the hammers on the rotary table. The working part is disposed on the base and is used to hammer materials. The working part has a material separating and guiding channel that runs through the material separating and guiding channel in the direction of hammering. Hammering areas are formed at intervals around the inlet of the material separating and guiding channel on the front hammering surface of the working part.

[0006] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher of the first aspect above, the working part has a protrusion that protrudes from the top of the base part, and N material separation guide channels are provided on the protrusion, where N is an integer ≥1. When N is greater than 1, the N material separation guide channels are arranged at intervals along the left and right width directions of the working part, and the areas on the front hammer surface located on the left and right sides of the inlet of each material separation guide channel form a first hammering zone.

[0007] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher in the first aspect above, the material diversion channel opened on the protrusion is a material diversion trough with an open top.

[0008] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher in the first aspect above, the front hammer surface is provided with a groove extending downward from the bottom edge of the inlet of the corresponding material separation guide channel, the groove forming a stepped structure on the front hammer surface, and the raised area on the front hammer surface located on the side of the corresponding stepped structure forming a second hammer zone.

[0009] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher described in the first aspect above, the cross-section of the material diversion channel inlet opened on the protrusion is rectangular.

[0010] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher in the first aspect above, the left and right sides of the front hammer surface located at the inlet of each material diversion channel constitute rectangular hammer surfaces, and each rectangular hammer surface includes a corresponding first hammer area and a second hammer area.

[0011] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher in the first aspect above, the working part is provided with two material separating guide channels, the width between the two material separating guide channels is the same and the height is equal to 0.4-0.6 times the height of the hammer head, and the front hammering surface has three rectangular hammering surfaces arranged at intervals along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working part, the height of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to the height of the hammer head, and the width of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to 0.2-0.25 times the width of the hammer head.

[0012] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher of the first aspect above, the rectangular hammering surface of the front hammering surface near the rotation center of the rotary table protrudes forward from the other rectangular hammering surfaces.

[0013] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher of the first aspect above, the base part has a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with bolt mounting holes for placing and fixing the mounting plate on the crusher hammer drive mechanism by bolts, and the working part is provided at the front of the mounting plate.

[0014] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the pulverizer described in the first aspect above, the material separating guide channel has an inclined section, the inclined section causing the outlet of the material separating guide channel to be offset relative to the inlet of the material separating guide channel toward the toothed ring.

[0015] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher of the first aspect above, the hammer head is a one-piece structure, the front part of the hammer head is provided with a wear-resistant alloy layer, and the front hammering surface is composed of the wear-resistant alloy layer.

[0016] Secondly, a crusher hammer is provided, comprising a base and a working part. The base has a hammer mounting structure for mounting the hammer on a hammer drive mechanism. The working part is disposed on the base and is used to hammer materials. The working part has a material separating guide channel that runs through the front and rear along the hammering direction. Hammering areas are formed at intervals around the inlet of the material separating guide channel on the front hammering surface of the working part.

[0017] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the working part has a protrusion that protrudes from the top of the base part, and N material separation guide channels are opened on the protrusion, where N is an integer ≥1. When N is greater than 1, the N material separation guide channels are arranged at intervals along the left and right width directions of the working part, and the areas on the front hammer surface located on the left and right sides of the inlet of each material separation guide channel form a first hammering area.

[0018] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the material diversion channel opened on the protrusion is a material diversion trough with an open top.

[0019] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the front hammer surface is provided with a groove extending downward from the bottom edge of the inlet of the corresponding material separation guide channel, the groove forming a stepped structure on the front hammer surface, and the raised area on the front hammer surface located on the side of the corresponding stepped structure forming a second hammer zone.

[0020] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the cross-section of the material diversion channel inlet opened on the protrusion is rectangular.

[0021] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the left and right sides of the front hammer surface located at the inlet of each material diversion channel constitute rectangular hammer surfaces, and each rectangular hammer surface includes a corresponding first hammer area and a second hammer area.

[0022] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect mentioned above, the working part is provided with two material separating guide channels, the width between the two material separating guide channels is the same and the height is equal to 0.4-0.6 times the height of the hammer. The front hammering surface has three rectangular hammering surfaces arranged at intervals along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working part. The height of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to the height of the hammer, and the width of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to 0.2-0.25 times the width of the hammer.

[0023] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the hammer is driven to rotate by the crusher hammer drive mechanism when in use, and the rectangular hammer impact surface near the rotation center of the rotational motion in the front hammer impact surface protrudes forward from the other rectangular hammer impact surfaces.

[0024] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the base part has a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with bolt mounting holes for placing and fixing the mounting plate on the crusher hammer drive mechanism by bolts, and the working part is provided at the front of the mounting plate.

[0025] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the hammer is driven to rotate by the crusher hammer drive mechanism during use, and the material separating guide channel has an inclined section, which causes the outlet of the material separating guide channel to be offset relative to the inlet of the material separating guide channel toward the radially outer region of the rotational motion.

[0026] As an optimization and / or instantiation of the crusher hammer of the second aspect above, the hammer is a one-piece structure, the front part of the hammer is provided with a wear-resistant alloy layer, and the front hammering surface is composed of the wear-resistant alloy layer.

[0027] Previously, the front hammer impact surface was a smooth surface without holes, and the crusher mainly relied on the impact force of the hammer and the squeezing and shearing force between the hammer and the toothed ring to crush materials.

[0028] The crusher hammer provided in this application, by setting a material separation and guiding channel in the working part and forming an intermittently distributed hammering zone on the front hammering surface, can mainly bring the following beneficial effects:

[0029] First, the material separation and guiding channel can separate and guide the material, making it more evenly distributed on the front hammering surface and avoiding uneven hammering caused by material concentrating in certain areas of the front hammering surface. The spaced hammering zones help increase the contact area between the hammer and the material, thus improving hammering efficiency.

[0030] Secondly, the inlet of the material separation and guide channel forms multiple hammering edges, which increases the shearing effect on the material.

[0031] Third, the material separation and guide channel can guide some material through the inside of the hammer, increasing the material's movement trajectory and improving crushing efficiency.

[0032] Fourth, the material separation and guide channel design gives the hammerhead a certain degree of self-cleaning function, reducing material adhesion to the hammerhead surface. This also improves hammering efficiency.

[0033] In conclusion, experiments have shown that the improved crusher hammer can significantly improve the crushing efficiency of the ultrafine crusher.

[0034] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description or may be learned by practice. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to aid in understanding this application. The contents provided in the drawings and their related descriptions in this specification may be used to interpret this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation on this application.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage state of a crusher hammer according to an embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crusher hammer according to an embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The image shows a top view of the crusher hammer.

[0040] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The image shows a bottom view of the crusher hammer.

[0041] The markings in the diagram are as follows: Hammer head - 1; Base section - 11; Mounting plate - 111; Bolt mounting hole - 112; Working section - 12; Material separation and guide channel - 121; Front hammering surface - 122; Protrusion - 123; First hammering area - 124; Groove - 125; Second hammering area - 126; Height - H; Width - W; Rotary disc - 2. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present application will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before describing the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be particularly noted that:

[0043] The technical solutions and features provided in the various sections, including the following description, can be combined with each other without conflict. Furthermore, where possible, these technical solutions, features, and related combinations can be given specific technical subject matter and protected by relevant patents.

[0044] The embodiments of this application described below are generally only some embodiments and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments without creative effort should fall within the scope of patent protection.

[0045] Regarding the terminology and units in this specification: The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and any variations thereof in this specification, the corresponding claims, and related sections are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Furthermore, other related terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the relevant content provided in this specification.

[0046] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of this application provides a hammer head applicable to a vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer (SWFL series), comprising a base part 11 and a working part 12. The base part 11 has a hammer head mounting structure for mounting hammer heads 1 on a hammer head driving mechanism (i.e., a rotary table 2). The working part 12 is disposed on the base part 11 and is used for hammering materials. The working part 12 has a material separating and guiding channel 121 that runs through the front and rear along the hammering direction. Hammering areas are formed at intervals around the inlet of the material separating and guiding channel 121 on the front hammering surface 122 of the working part 12. In use, multiple hammer heads 1 are arranged circumferentially at intervals along the edge of the rotary table 2, and a toothed ring is provided in the radially outer region of the rotary table 2.

[0047] Regarding the vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer (SWFL series), its working principle is as follows: material enters the pulverizing chamber through the feed inlet. A rotary disc 2 (or pulverizing plate) is installed in the pulverizing chamber. Multiple hammers 1 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential edge of the rotary disc 2. A toothed ring is provided on the radially outer region of the rotary disc 2. Figures 1-2 (Not shown in the image), the rotary table 2 drives the hammer 1 to rotate at high speed. The material is crushed by the impact of the high-speed hammer 1 and the friction and shearing action between the hammer 1 and the gear ring. The crushed material enters the classifying impeller through the guide shroud for classification. The qualified crushed material is sent away through the discharge chamber by the airflow generated by the fan through the classifying impeller. The unqualified crushed material falls onto the high-speed rotating rotary table 2. The material on the rotary table 2 is thrown between the gear ring and the hammer 1 by centrifugal force, and is struck again by the hammer 1 and subjected to friction and shearing between the hammer 1 and the gear ring. Reference: Chinese Patent Document CN104624299A.

[0048] Specifically, the base part 11 includes a mounting plate 111, which has bolt mounting holes 112 (stepped holes) for placing and fixing the mounting plate 111 onto the rotary table 2 with bolts. The working part 12 is located at the front of the mounting plate 111. There are usually two bolt mounting holes 112, and the line connecting the centers of the two bolt mounting holes 112 can be perpendicular to the front hammering surface 122.

[0049] The working part 12 has a protrusion 123 that protrudes from the top surface of the mounting base plate 111. Two material separation and guiding channels 121 are provided on the protrusion 123. These two material separation and guiding channels 121 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working part 12. Both material separation and guiding channels 121 are material diversion channels with open tops and rectangular cross-sections. The areas on the front hammering surface 122 located on the left and right sides of the inlet of each material separation and guiding channel 121 form a first hammering area 124.

[0050] The main function of the protrusion 123 is to provide the conditions (position) for the material separation and guide channel 121 to be opened, that is, the material separation and guide channel 121 is opened on the protrusion 123.

[0051] Furthermore, as an improvement, the two material separation guide channels 121 also have inclined sections, which cause the outlet of the material separation guide channel 121 to be offset relative to the inlet of the material separation guide channel 121 toward the toothed ring.

[0052] In addition, a groove 125 extending downward from the bottom edge of the inlet of the corresponding material separation guide channel 121 may be provided on the front hammering surface 122. The groove 125 forms a stepped structure on the front hammering surface 122, and the protruding area on the side of the corresponding stepped structure on the front hammering surface 122 forms a second hammering area 126.

[0053] More specifically, in this embodiment, the left and right sides of the front-end hammering surface 122 located at the inlet of each material diversion channel 121 constitute rectangular hammering surfaces, and each rectangular hammering surface includes a corresponding first hammering area 124 and a second hammering area 126 (e.g., Figure 5 As shown, the upper part of each rectangular hammering surface is the first hammering area 124, and the lower part is the second hammering area 126.

[0054] In this embodiment, the width between the two material separating guide channels 121 is the same and the height is equal to the height of the hammer 1 (i.e., Figure 5 The front hammering surface 122 has three rectangular hammering surfaces spaced apart along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working part 12. The height of these three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to the height of the hammer head 1, and the width of these three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to the width of the hammer head 1 (i.e., 0.5 times the height of the hammer head 1). Figure 5 0.2 times the number W in the text.

[0055] Of the three rectangular hammer surfaces mentioned above, the rectangular hammer surface closest to the rotation center of the rotary table 2 protrudes forward beyond the other rectangular hammer surfaces (e.g., Figure 4 As shown, the rectangular hammering surface near the rotation center of the rotary table 2 is in a forward-convex state.

[0056] In addition, the hammer head 1 is a one-piece structure, and the front part of the hammer head 1 is provided with a wear-resistant alloy layer, and the front hammering surface 122 is composed of the wear-resistant alloy layer.

[0057] The hammerhead in the above embodiment, by providing a material separation and guide channel 121 in the working part 12 and forming spaced hammering zones on the front hammering surface 122, can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0058] First, the material separation and guiding channel 121 can separate and guide the material, making it more evenly distributed on the front hammering surface 122, avoiding uneven hammering caused by material concentrating in certain areas of the front hammering surface 122. The spaced hammering areas help increase the contact area between the hammer head 1 and the material, thus improving hammering efficiency.

[0059] Second, the inlet of the material separation and guide channel 121 forms multiple hammering edges, which increases the shearing effect on the material.

[0060] Third, the material separation and guide channel 121 can guide some material through the inside of the hammer 1, increasing the material's movement trajectory and improving crushing efficiency.

[0061] Fourth, the material separation and guide channel 121 enables the hammer head 1 to have a certain self-cleaning function, reducing the adhesion of material on the surface of the hammer head. This also improves the hammering efficiency.

[0062] Fifth, a groove 125 extending downward from the bottom edge of the inlet of the corresponding material separation guide channel 121 is provided on the front hammering surface 122. The groove 125 forms a stepped structure on the front hammering surface 122. When the protruding area on the side of the corresponding stepped structure on the front hammering surface 122 forms the second hammering area 126, the hammering edge is further increased, and the shearing effect is improved.

[0063] Sixth, since the outlet of the material separation and guide channel 121 is offset towards the toothed ring relative to the inlet of the material separation and guide channel 121, the inclined material separation and guide channel 121 can guide the material to the direction of the toothed ring, thereby improving the efficiency of the material between the hammer 1 and the toothed ring.

[0064] Seventh, because the material on the rotary table 2 is thrown towards the hammer head 1 by centrifugal force, the part of the front hammering surface 122 near the rotation center of the rotary table 2 experiences the greatest wear. Since the rectangular hammering surface near the rotation center of the rotary table 2 protrudes forward from the other rectangular hammering surfaces among the three rectangular hammering surfaces, the service life of the rectangular hammering surface near the rotation center of the rotary table 2 (which experiences the greatest wear) can be ensured.

[0065] Experimental situation

[0066] The hammerheads 1 described in the above embodiment are mounted on a rotary table 2 (twenty-two hammerheads 1 are evenly distributed on the rotary table 2). The height H of the hammerheads 1 is 54 mm, and the width W is 64 mm. The main motor power of the vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer is 240 KW. The material to be pulverized is puffed carp feed (moisture content 9.25% before pulverization, 88.7% passing through a 40-mesh sieve, and 75.7% passing through a 60-mesh sieve). The vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer with the hammerheads 1 installed is used to pulverize the material to a fineness of 80 mesh. Testing shows that the passing through an 80-mesh sieve after pulverization is ≥92%, the maximum production capacity is 12.93 T / h, and the power consumption per ton is as low as 23.14 kWh. When replacing with conventional hammerheads, the production capacity is as low as 8.47 T / h, and the power consumption per ton is as high as 37.29 kWh.

[0067] The foregoing has described the relevant content of this application. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement this application based on these descriptions. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the foregoing content of this specification without inventive effort should fall within the scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. A crusher, comprising a rotary disc, wherein a plurality of hammers are circumferentially spaced along the edge of the rotary disc, and a toothed ring is provided in the radially outer region of the rotary disc; each hammer includes a base and a working part, the base having a hammer mounting structure for mounting the hammers on the rotary disc, and the working part being disposed on the base and used for hammering materials, characterized in that: The working part has a protrusion that protrudes from the top of the base part. A material separating and guiding channel is provided on the protrusion and is arranged to run through the front and back along the hammering direction. The material separating and guiding channel is a material diversion trough with an open top. Hammering areas are formed at intervals around the inlet of the material separating and guiding channel on the front hammering surface of the working part. The front hammering surface is provided with a groove extending downward from the bottom edge of the inlet of the corresponding material separation guide channel. The groove forms a stepped structure on the front hammering surface, and the raised area on the front hammering surface located on the side of the corresponding stepped structure forms a second hammering area. The material separating guide channel has an inclined section, which causes the outlet of the material separating guide channel to be offset toward the toothed ring relative to the inlet of the material separating guide channel.

2. The comminutor of claim 1, wherein: The material separation and guide channels opened on the protrusion are N, where N is an integer ≥ 1. When N is greater than 1, the N material separation and guide channels are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working part. The areas on the front hammering surface located on the left and right sides of the inlet of each material separation and guide channel form the first hammering area.

3. The comminutor of claim 2, wherein: The cross-section of the material separation and guide channel inlet on the protrusion is rectangular.

4. The comminutor of claim 3, wherein: The left and right sides of the front hammering surface at the inlet of each material separation guide channel constitute rectangular hammering surfaces, and each rectangular hammering surface includes a corresponding first hammering area and a second hammering area.

5. The pulverizer as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The working section is provided with two material separation and guiding channels. The width between the two material separation and guiding channels is the same and the height is equal to 0.4-0.6 times the height of the hammer. The front hammering surface has three rectangular hammering surfaces arranged at intervals along the width direction of the left and right sides of the working section. The height of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to the height of the hammer, and the width of the three rectangular hammering surfaces is equal to 0.2-0.25 times the width of the hammer.

6. The pulverizer as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rectangular hammering surface near the rotation center of the rotary table in the front hammering surface protrudes forward from the other rectangular hammering surfaces.

7. The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The base has a mounting plate with bolt holes for placing and fixing the mounting plate on the crusher hammer drive mechanism. The working part is located at the front of the mounting plate.

8. The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The hammerhead is a one-piece structure, with a wear-resistant alloy layer at the front and the front hammering surface being composed of the wear-resistant alloy layer.

9. The pulverizer according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The pulverizer is a vertical shaft ultrafine pulverizer.

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