Wear-resistant antireflective structured coating, method for its production and use

Abstract

This invention provides a wear-resistant and anti-reflective structural coating, its production method, and its application. The structural coating comprises the following components: silane monomer, 30-60%; organosilicon coupling agent, 5-15%; silica sol, 10-30%; crosslinking agent, 1-10%; epoxy resin, 5-20%; SiO2 microspheres, 5-30%; solvent, 10-30%; additives, 0.5-5%; rheology modifier, 0.1-0.3%; and leveling agent, 0.5-5%. This invention utilizes a combination of various boiling-point solvents, supplemented with rheology modifiers, and employs a gradient heating method to form a structural coating on the surface of SMMA plastic, transitioning from epoxy resin to organosilicon, silica sol, and SiO2. This enhances surface hardness and wear resistance, making it particularly suitable for high-standard optical products, such as high-quality transparent SMMA plastics, camera lenses, microscopes, and other critical optical applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular to a wear-resistant and anti-reflective structural coating, its production method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Since the invention of resin lenses, improving the performance of lightweight and transparent resin lenses has been a continuous pursuit for manufacturers. While lens quality is greatly influenced by materials, surface coatings also play a crucial role, and related technologies are constantly advancing. Currently, choosing materials that are both hard and moderately flexible without cracking for surface coatings on organic lenses is the best approach. For example, silicone, a semi-inorganic, semi-organic polymer compound, forms an organic-inorganic hybrid structure through polymerization, providing the film with a certain degree of flexibility and good adhesion to the substrate, while the inorganic Si-O-Si structure increases hardness and durability. Currently, silicone is widely used as a wear-resistant, hardening coating for materials such as polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate.

[0003] Polymethyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer (SMMA) is a relatively new resin lens material, copolymerized from methyl methacrylate and styrene monomers. It features high transparency, excellent optical properties, good weather resistance, easy processing, low water absorption, dimensional stability, and chemical resistance, making it widely used in optical lenses. Because SMMA has a relatively low density, it means that more plastic products can be produced with less material, resulting in significant cost savings.

[0004] Despite the unique structural advantages of SMMA resin lenses, their surface properties remain insufficient, and research on the application of silicone in SMMA resin lenses is currently lacking. When considering silicone as an optical coating for SMMA resin lenses, a suitable integration scheme is crucial. It is essential to ensure high light transmittance while finding the optimal balance between scratch resistance, light transmittance, and hardness of the coating.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors have specifically designed a wear-resistant and anti-reflective structural coating, its production method and application, which leads to this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above problems, one of the technical solutions of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A wear-resistant and antireflective structural coating includes a structural coating comprising the following components:

[0008] Silane monomers, 30-60%;

[0009] Organosilicon coupling agent, 5-15%;

[0010] Silica sol, 10-30%;

[0011] Crosslinking agent, 1-10%;

[0012] Epoxy resin, 5-20%;

[0013] SiO2 microspheres, 5-30%;

[0014] Solvent, 10-30%;

[0015] Additives, 0.5-5%;

[0016] Rheology modifier, 0.1-0.3%;

[0017] Leveling agent, 0.5-5%;

[0018] The SiO2 microspheres are coated with a microcapsule shell and divided into several groups according to the particle size of the SiO2 microspheres. The SiO2 microspheres coated with the microcapsule shell are uniformly distributed from the outer layer to the inner layer of the structural coating according to their particle size from large to small.

[0019] The microcapsule shell on the surface of the SiO2 microspheres ruptures after being triggered by external conditions, releasing the SiO2 microspheres inside to the corresponding depth of the structural coating.

[0020] Preferably, the particle size range of SiO2 microspheres is 10-50 nm.

[0021] Preferably, the particle size of SiO2 microspheres is divided into three groups according to size, and the groups include 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0022] Preferably, the external triggering condition is temperature or solvent treatment.

[0023] Preferably, the thickness of the structural coating is 1-10 μm.

[0024] The second technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0025] A method for preparing a coating includes the following steps:

[0026] S100, Microcapsule Preparation:

[0027] S101. Select SiO2 powder with a particle size range of 10-50nm, and accurately divide it into 3 groups according to the particle size: 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0028] S102. Prepare an aqueous or organic solvent dispersion of SiO2 powder. Dissolve the biodegradable polymer in the organic solvent to form a continuous phase. Add the SiO2 powder dispersion dropwise to the continuous phase according to the grouping and stir to form a stable W / O type double emulsion.

[0029] S103, under certain temperature and stirring conditions, is slowly added to an aqueous phase or a non-solvent to initiate a polymerization reaction and form microcapsules encapsulating SiO2 powder;

[0030] Preparation of S200 and organosilicon hardening solution:

[0031] S201. Prepare silane monomers, organosilicon coupling agents, silica sol, crosslinking agents, epoxy resins, and other solvents, additives, rheology modifiers, and leveling agents in a predetermined ratio, and mix them thoroughly to form an organosilicon hardening liquid.

[0032] S300, coating curing and microsphere adhesion and sedimentation:

[0033] S301. Apply the silicone hardening solution uniformly to the surface of SMMA transparent plastic by dip coating or spin coating.

[0034] S302 uses a variety of boiling point solvents, supplemented with rheology modifiers, and employs a gradient temperature method to form a structural coating on the surface of SMMA plastic, which transitions from epoxy resin to organosilicon, silica sol, and SiO2. The specific curing temperature profile is designed as follows: first, cure at 60°C for 10 minutes, then raise the temperature to 70°C for 20 minutes, and finally raise the temperature to 80°C for 90 minutes until the organosilicon hardening solution is completely cured to form the structural coating.

[0035] S400, Microcapsule Triggering:

[0036] S401. After the structural coating is cured, under specific triggering conditions, the microcapsules rupture and release the SiO2 microbeads inside, forming a gradient distribution with decreasing particle size from top to bottom within the structural coating.

[0037] Preferably, the solvent is an alcohol, ether, ester or ketone solvent.

[0038] Preferably, the thickness of the structural coating after the organosilicon hardening solution is cured is 1 μm.

[0039] Preferably, the specific triggering condition is: temperature or solvent treatment, wherein the temperature is 90-100℃, the solvent is an ethanol solution, and the specific solvent treatment process is: after the structural coating has cured, soak it in an ethanol solution for 24 hours, so that it penetrates into the microcapsule position inside the structural coating, causing the microcapsules to expand and rupture, releasing the SiO2 particles inside.

[0040] The third technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] An application of a coating as an outer protective coating for SMMA transparent plastic.

[0042] Based on the above description of the invention, the wear-resistant and anti-reflective structural coating and its production method of the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This invention utilizes dip coating or spin coating processes to precisely apply the coating formulation to the surface of SMMA transparent plastic. With the assistance of gradient temperature control and a multi-element solvent system, as well as the fusion of rheology modifiers, a structural coating with dual functions is successfully constructed. This coating uses epoxy resin to strengthen the adhesion to the substrate at the bottom, while the surface layer incorporates organosilicon compounds, silica sol, and SiO2 microspheres to improve hardness and wear resistance.

[0044] In terms of improving wear resistance, this invention uniformly disperses SiO2 microspheres of different sizes in the coating. The larger microspheres provide solid wear-resistant protection for the outer layer, while the smaller microspheres ensure that the inner layer maintains high elasticity and adhesion, achieving a perfect combination of toughness and flexibility, and effectively improving the wear resistance.

[0045] In terms of optical performance, the excellent light transmittance of SiO2 microspheres ensures high transparency of the coating. Furthermore, the microcapsule rupture mechanism under specific triggering conditions can further optimize the refractive index of the coating, thereby improving light transmittance.

[0046] To ensure a durable and stable adhesion between the coating and the SMMA substrate, this invention also employs silane coupling agent technology. Furthermore, the precise control of SiO2 microbead particle size and the resulting microcapsule rupture mechanism enable the process to exhibit extremely high flexibility and controllability when adapting to diverse application scenarios.

[0047] This invention not only offers controllable economic costs but also fully leverages the lightweight advantage of SMMA material, significantly enhancing product added value and strengthening its market competitiveness. Furthermore, although this invention is primarily designed for transparent SMMA plastics, its concept and manufacturing process are equally applicable to the surface treatment of other types of plastics and transparent materials, possessing broad market application prospects.

[0048] Overall, this invention integrates materials science and manufacturing processes, significantly improving wear resistance and optical transparency while ensuring good adhesion to the substrate and overall cost-effectiveness, making the novel structural coating have very broad application potential in the field of transparent protective films. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer and more understandable, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Example

[0050] A wear-resistant and antireflective structural coating includes a structural coating comprising the following components:

[0051] Silane monomers, 30-60%;

[0052] Organosilicon coupling agent, 5-15%;

[0053] Silica sol, 10-30%;

[0054] Crosslinking agent, 1-10%;

[0055] Epoxy resin, 5-20%;

[0056] SiO2 microspheres, 5-30%;

[0057] Solvent, 10-30%;

[0058] Additives, 0.5-5%;

[0059] Rheology modifier, 0.1-0.3%;

[0060] Leveling agent, 0.5-5%;

[0061] The SiO2 microspheres are coated with a microcapsule shell and divided into several groups according to the particle size of the SiO2 microspheres. The SiO2 microspheres coated with the microcapsule shell are uniformly distributed from the outer layer to the inner layer of the structural coating according to their particle size from large to small.

[0062] The microcapsule shell on the surface of the SiO2 microspheres ruptures after being triggered by external conditions, releasing the SiO2 microspheres inside to the corresponding depth of the structural coating.

[0063] In this embodiment, the solvent is an alcohol, ether, ester, or ketone solvent. Specifically, the solvent used needs to have good dissolving power and low surface tension, while having no significant corrosive effect on the lens material and coating material. Therefore, the following solvents can be selected: ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, xylene, butanol, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, etc.

[0064] Preferably, the particle size range of SiO2 microspheres is 10-50 nm.

[0065] Preferably, the particle size of SiO2 microspheres is divided into three groups according to size, and the groups include 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0066] Preferably, the external triggering condition is temperature or solvent treatment.

[0067] Preferably, the thickness of the structural coating is 1-10 μm.

[0068] The second technical solution to this plan is as follows:

[0069] A method for preparing a coating includes the following steps:

[0070] A method for preparing a coating includes the following steps:

[0071] S100, Microcapsule Preparation:

[0072] S101. Select SiO2 powder with a particle size range of 10-50nm, and accurately divide it into 3 groups according to the particle size: 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0073] S102. Prepare an aqueous or organic solvent dispersion of SiO2 powder. Dissolve the biodegradable polymer in the organic solvent to form a continuous phase. Add the SiO2 powder dispersion dropwise to the continuous phase according to the grouping and stir to form a stable W / O type double emulsion.

[0074] S103, under certain temperature and stirring conditions, is slowly added to an aqueous phase or a non-solvent to initiate a polymerization reaction and form microcapsules encapsulating SiO2 powder;

[0075] Preparation of S200 and organosilicon hardening solution:

[0076] S201. Prepare silane monomers, organosilicon coupling agents, silica sol, crosslinking agents, epoxy resins, and other solvents, additives, rheology modifiers, and leveling agents in a predetermined ratio, and mix them thoroughly to form an organosilicon hardening liquid.

[0077] S300, coating curing and microsphere adhesion and sedimentation:

[0078] S301. Apply the silicone hardening solution uniformly to the surface of SMMA transparent plastic by dip coating or spin coating.

[0079] S302 uses a variety of boiling point solvents, supplemented with rheology modifiers, and employs a gradient temperature method to form a structural coating on the surface of SMMA plastic, which transitions from epoxy resin to organosilicon, silica sol, and SiO2. The specific curing temperature profile is designed as follows: first, cure at 60°C for 10 minutes, then raise the temperature to 70°C for 20 minutes, and finally raise the temperature to 80°C for 90 minutes until the organosilicon hardening solution is completely cured to form the structural coating.

[0080] The epoxy resin inside mainly uses its good bonding properties to achieve stable adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic and increase the adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic. The silicone, silica sol and SiO2 structural coating outside are mainly used to contact with air and as a basis to increase surface hardness and wear resistance, thereby improving the overall surface performance of the coating.

[0081] S400, Microcapsule Triggering:

[0082] S401. After the structural coating is cured, under specific triggering conditions, the microcapsules rupture and release the SiO2 microbeads inside, forming a gradient distribution with decreasing particle size from top to bottom within the structural coating.

[0083] Preferably, in steps S101-S103, the stirring speed is 1000-3000 rpm, the temperature is controlled at 40-60℃, the ratio of organic solvent to water phase is 1:1 to 1:3, and the polymerization reaction time is 2-6 hours.

[0084] Preferably, the solvent is an alcohol, ether, ester or ketone solvent.

[0085] Preferably, the thickness of the structural coating after the organosilicon hardening solution is cured is 1 μm.

[0086] Preferably, it further includes: S104, adding a silane coupling agent to the microcapsules containing SiO2 powder to charge its surface, and cleaning to remove unreacted coupling agent after the reaction is complete.

[0087] Preferably, the specific triggering condition is: temperature or solvent treatment, wherein the temperature is 90-100℃, the solvent is an ethanol solution, and the specific solvent treatment process is: after the structural coating has cured, soak it in an ethanol solution for 24 hours, so that it penetrates into the microcapsule position inside the structural coating, causing the microcapsules to expand and rupture, releasing the SiO2 particles inside.

[0088] The third technical solution of this plan is as follows:

[0089] An application of a coating as an outer protective coating for SMMA transparent plastic. Example

[0090] The difference from Example 1 is as follows:

[0091] A wear-resistant and antireflective structural coating includes a structural coating comprising the following components:

[0092] Silane monomer, 30%;

[0093] Organosilicon coupling agent, 10%;

[0094] Silica sol, 10%;

[0095] Crosslinking agent, 5%;

[0096] Epoxy resin, 20%;

[0097] SiO2 microspheres, 10%;

[0098] Solvent, 10%;

[0099] Additives, 0.5%;

[0100] Rheology modifier, 0.3%;

[0101] Leveling agent, 4.2%;

[0102] The SiO2 microspheres are coated with a microcapsule shell and divided into several groups according to the particle size of the SiO2 microspheres. The SiO2 microspheres coated with the microcapsule shell are uniformly distributed from the outer layer to the inner layer of the structural coating according to their particle size from large to small.

[0103] The microcapsule shell on the surface of the SiO2 microspheres ruptures after being triggered by external conditions, releasing the SiO2 microspheres inside to the corresponding depth of the structural coating.

[0104] In this embodiment, the solvent is an alcohol, ether, ester, or ketone solvent. Specifically, the solvent used needs to have good dissolving power and low surface tension, while having no significant corrosive effect on the lens material and coating material. Therefore, the following solvents can be selected: ethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, xylene, butanol, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, etc.

[0105] Preferably, the particle size range of SiO2 microspheres is 10-50 nm.

[0106] Preferably, the particle size of SiO2 microspheres is divided into three groups according to size, and the groups include 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0107] Preferably, the external triggering condition is temperature or solvent treatment.

[0108] Preferably, the thickness of the structural coating is 1 μm.

[0109] The second technical solution to this plan is as follows:

[0110] A method for preparing a coating includes the following steps:

[0111] A method for preparing a coating includes the following steps:

[0112] S100, Microcapsule Preparation:

[0113] S101. Select SiO2 powder with a particle size range of 10-50nm, and accurately divide it into 3 groups according to the particle size: 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm.

[0114] S102. Prepare an aqueous or organic solvent dispersion of SiO2 powder. Dissolve the biodegradable polymer in the organic solvent to form a continuous phase. Add the SiO2 powder dispersion dropwise to the continuous phase according to the grouping and stir to form a stable W / O type double emulsion.

[0115] S103, under certain temperature and stirring conditions, is slowly added to an aqueous phase or a non-solvent to initiate a polymerization reaction and form microcapsules encapsulating SiO2 powder;

[0116] Preparation of S200 and organosilicon hardening solution:

[0117] S201. Prepare silane monomers, organosilicon coupling agents, silica sol, crosslinking agents, epoxy resins, and other solvents, additives, rheology modifiers, and leveling agents in a predetermined ratio, and mix them thoroughly to form an organosilicon hardening liquid.

[0118] S300, coating curing and microsphere adhesion and sedimentation:

[0119] S301. Apply the silicone hardening solution uniformly to the surface of SMMA transparent plastic by dip coating or spin coating.

[0120] S302 uses a variety of boiling point solvents, supplemented with rheology modifiers, and employs a gradient temperature method to form a structural coating on the surface of SMMA plastic, which transitions from epoxy resin to organosilicon, silica sol, and SiO2. The specific curing temperature profile is designed as follows: first, cure at 60°C for 10 minutes, then raise the temperature to 70°C for 20 minutes, and finally raise the temperature to 80°C for 90 minutes until the organosilicon hardening solution is completely cured to form the structural coating.

[0121] The epoxy resin inside mainly uses its good bonding properties to achieve stable adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic and increase the adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic. The silicone, silica sol and SiO2 structural coating outside are mainly used to contact with air and as a basis to increase surface hardness and wear resistance, thereby improving the overall surface performance of the coating.

[0122] S400, Microcapsule Triggering:

[0123] S401. After the structural coating is cured, under specific triggering conditions, the microcapsules rupture and release the SiO2 microbeads inside, forming a gradient distribution with decreasing particle size from top to bottom within the structural coating.

[0124] Preferably, in steps S101-S103, the stirring speed is 1000 rpm, the temperature is controlled at 60°C, the ratio of organic solvent to water phase is 1:3, and the polymerization reaction time is 3 hours.

[0125] Preferably, the specific triggering condition is: temperature or solvent treatment, wherein the temperature is 90°C, the solvent is an ethanol solution, and the specific solvent treatment process is: after the structural coating has cured, soak it in an ethanol solution for 24 hours, so that it penetrates into the microcapsule position inside the structural coating, causing the microcapsules to expand and rupture, releasing the SiO2 particles inside.

[0126] Transmittance test: Apply a coating to an optically transparent plastic lens of the same size and shape, and measure the transmittance in the 400-700nm wavelength range using a spectrophotometer.

[0127] Data recording: Record the transmittance at different wavelengths and calculate the average transmittance.

[0128] Haze test: GB / T 2410-2008 "Determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics"

[0129] Steel wool abrasion resistance test: A steel wool pad was used to rub against the surface under a load of 200g.

[0130] Scratch test: A specified number of scratches are applied to the coated surface using a needle-like hard material.

[0131] Data logging: Record the extent of damage.

[0132] Method: The coating was applied and cured onto an optically clear plastic lens, and the adhesion was tested according to ASTM D3359.

[0133] Hardness test: Pencil hardness.

[0134] Group A: Uncoated SMMA clear plastic (control group);

[0135] Group B: SMMA transparent plastic with a coating cured by adding a common silicone hardening solution;

[0136] Group C: SMMA transparent plastic with coating prepared according to Example 2;

[0137]

[0138] The analysis based on the above test results is as follows:

[0139] Group A: Uncoated SMMA transparent plastic has basic light transmittance, but poor abrasion resistance. It shows significant and serious damage after being subjected to steel wool abrasion test, demonstrating the limitations of SMMA materials in high-intensity use environments. The haze increased by 29.7%, indicating that traditional SMMA materials perform poorly in terms of surface properties.

[0140] Group B: After the introduction of silicone hardening solution to form a protective coating, the light transmittance and abrasion resistance of the lens were improved. In the abrasion resistance test, it could withstand a certain amount of friction, with only minor wear and coating detachment, and the haze value changed by 14.7%, indicating that silicone hardening solution has a positive effect on improving the surface performance of SMMA lenses.

[0141] Group D: After modifying and blending the silicone hardening solution and filling it with SiO2 microspheres, the larger SiO2 microspheres provide a stronger abrasion-resistant layer on the outer surface, while the smaller SiO2 microspheres provide better flexibility and adhesion on the inner bottom layer. Combined with the surface properties provided by the silicone hardening solution itself, it can better strengthen and protect the surface of SMMA lenses. Its abrasion resistance is higher than that of lenses with ordinary silicone hardening solution, and it has less haze change and higher hardness.

[0142] Furthermore, due to the excellent light transmittance of SiO2 microspheres, their addition does not affect the transparency of the coating. On the contrary, the release of SiO2 microspheres from the ruptured microcapsule shells under certain conditions may help improve the refractive index of the coating, thereby increasing light transmittance.

[0143] In summary, the experiments show that by adding organosilicon hardening solution and performing modification and special surface treatment, the light transmittance, wear resistance, and surface impact resistance of the coating can be effectively improved, thus better improving the surface performance defects of SMMA transparent plastic itself. This novel structural coating is expected to be widely used in SMMA lenses, screen protectors, and other fields that require transparent protective layers.

[0144] Starting at the lowest temperature, the smallest SiO2 microcapsules, at 60°C, have sufficient time to settle in the silicone hardening solution, allowing them to settle smoothly and thoroughly to the bottom layer of the structural coating. This low-temperature curing process ensures that the tiny SiO2 microspheres are not only uniformly distributed in the coating layer but also minimizes the impact on the surface of the coating.

[0145] Its effect on the adhesion of the interface with SMMA transparent plastic effectively enhances the flexibility and adhesion of the substrate.

[0146] Subsequently, when the temperature was raised to 70°C, medium-sized SiO2 microcapsules were used for curing. Under this moderate temperature environment, the medium-sized microcapsules could settle at an appropriate rate, and their ideal settling depth in the coating was determined based on curve analysis, thus embedding them into the middle layer of the structural coating.

[0147] Finally, at the high-temperature stage of 80°C, the larger-diameter SiO2 microcapsules, due to the faster curing speed and the sharply increased solution viscosity, did not have sufficient time to settle significantly, and thus were more distributed on the surface of the structural coating. This resulted in the large-diameter SiO2 microspheres forming a strong wear-resistant barrier on the coating surface.

[0148] In summary, by employing a gradually increasing temperature control strategy, the smallest SiO2 microspheres preferentially settle to the bottom, giving the coating's bottom layer superior flexibility and adhesion strength; then, medium-sized microspheres fill the intermediate layers; finally, large-sized microspheres form a wear-resistant layer on the surface, thereby constructing an ordered layered structure from bottom to top within the structural coating, comprehensively optimizing all performance indicators of the coating.

[0149] The upper, middle, and lower layers represent the top, middle, and bottom positions of the structural coating, respectively. The SiO2 particles inside the structural coating exhibit a relatively uniform gradient distribution, indicating that after the microcapsules rupture, the SiO2 particles in the sample form an ordered particle size variation inside the coating.

[0150] The reason for this is that by controlling the particle size of SiO2 particles within the microcapsules and adjusting the curing and release temperature, a unique gradient structure is formed in the coating. Simultaneously, the microcapsule shell also enhances the coating's performance. This structure results in a surface layer rich in larger SiO2 particles, forming a dense protective layer with excellent wear resistance. Subsequently, medium-sized SiO2 particles are located in the center of the coating, effectively resisting further erosion from external particles. Meanwhile, the resin material within the structural coating, with its excellent bonding properties, not only firmly fixes the SiO2 particles but also effectively absorbs and disperses impact energy, thus significantly enhancing the coating's impact resistance. At the same time, because the bottom of the coating contains the smallest SiO2 particles, a greater amount of pure resin material is retained, maintaining good bonding strength and ensuring excellent adhesion between the coating and the SMMA transparent plastic.

[0151] The present invention has been described above by way of example. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvements made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant and anti-reflective structural coating, characterized in that, The structural coating comprises the following components: Silane monomer, 30%; Organosilicon coupling agent, 10%; Silica sol, 10%; Crosslinking agent, 5%; Epoxy resin, 20%; SiO2 microspheres, 10%; Solvent, 10%; Additives, 0.5%; Rheology modifier, 0.3%; Leveling agent, 4.2%; The SiO2 microspheres are coated with a microcapsule shell and divided into several groups according to the particle size of the SiO2 microspheres. The SiO2 microspheres coated with the microcapsule shell are uniformly distributed from the outer layer to the inner layer of the structural coating according to their particle size from large to small. In this process, the microcapsule shell on the surface of the SiO2 microspheres ruptures upon being triggered by an external condition, releasing the SiO2 microspheres inside to the corresponding depth of the structural coating; The solvent is an alcohol, ether, ester, or ketone solvent; The external triggering conditions are temperature treatment or solvent treatment; the solvent treatment process is as follows: after the structural coating has cured, it is soaked in an ethanol solution for 24 hours, which allows it to penetrate into the microcapsule positions inside the structural coating, causing the microcapsules to expand and rupture, releasing the SiO2 particles inside; The thickness of the structural coating is 1 μm; The coating preparation method includes the following steps: S100, Microcapsule Preparation: S101. Select SiO2 powder with a particle size range of 10-50nm, and accurately divide it into 3 groups according to the particle size: 10-20nm, 20-30nm, and 30-50nm. S102. Prepare an aqueous or organic solvent dispersion of SiO2 powder. Dissolve the biodegradable polymer in the organic solvent to form a continuous phase. Add the SiO2 powder dispersion dropwise to the continuous phase according to the grouping and stir to form a stable W / O type double emulsion. S103, under certain temperature and stirring conditions, is slowly added to an aqueous phase or a non-solvent to initiate a polymerization reaction and form microcapsules encapsulating SiO2 powder; Preparation of S200 and organosilicon hardening solution: S201. Prepare silane monomers, organosilicon coupling agents, silica sol, crosslinking agents, epoxy resins, solvents, additives, rheology modifiers and leveling agents, and SiO2 microspheres according to a predetermined ratio, and mix them thoroughly to form an organosilicon hardening liquid. S300, coating curing and microsphere adhesion and sedimentation: S301. Apply the silicone hardening solution uniformly to the surface of SMMA transparent plastic by dip coating or spin coating. S302 uses a variety of boiling point solvents, supplemented with rheology modifiers, and employs a gradient temperature method to form a structural coating on the surface of SMMA plastic, which transitions from epoxy resin to organosilicon, silica sol, and SiO2. The specific curing temperature profile is designed as follows: first, cure at 60°C for 10 minutes, then raise the temperature to 70°C for 20 minutes, and finally raise the temperature to 80°C for 90 minutes until the organosilicon hardening solution is completely cured to form the structural coating. The epoxy resin inside mainly uses its good bonding properties to achieve stable adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic and increase the adhesion to the SMMA transparent plastic. The silicone, silica sol and SiO2 structural coating outside are mainly used to contact with air and as a basis to increase surface hardness and wear resistance, thereby improving the overall surface performance of the coating. S400, Microcapsule Triggering: S401. After the structural coating is cured, under external triggering conditions, the microcapsules rupture to release the SiO2 microbeads inside, forming a gradient distribution of decreasing particle size from top to bottom within the structural coating.

2. An application of the coating as described in claim 1, characterized in that, As an outer protective coating for SMMA transparent plastic.

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