A method and apparatus for controlling dissolved air release

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of air floatation dissolved gas release control method and device, comprising: S1, the water body space in air floatation pond is distinguished in vertical direction as equal spacing unit space, dissolved gas release pipeline and detection camera are arranged below water body, at least one dissolved gas release port and one detection camera are contained in each unit space;S2, after releasing micro-bubble with large release amount by opening all dissolved gas release pipeline for a predetermined duration, reduce the bubble release amount of all dissolved gas release pipeline or close all dissolved gas release pipeline, detection camera collects the bubble image in its detection area and transmits to computer to calculate the number proportion of different size bubbles;S3, computer compares the number proportion of large size bubble in the bubble image collected by each detection camera under the predetermined dissolved gas pressure with the number proportion of large size bubble under standard distribution probability;Both dissolved gas release amount of air floatation is accurately controlled, and water body suspended particulate matter is further impurity-removed accurately, and cost is reduced and benefit is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air flotation control technology, specifically to an air flotation dissolved gas release control method and device. Background Technology

[0002] Air flotation technology is mostly used for wastewater treatment and water purification. The basic principle is to inject tiny air bubbles into the water. These air bubbles attach to suspended particles, thereby reducing the density of the particles and causing them to float to the surface with the air bubbles. Subsequently, they can be removed by mechanical means such as scraping, thus purifying suspended solids, oily substances and other particles that are difficult to settle in the water.

[0003] In the process of air flotation, reducing the density of suspended particles is achieved through traditional methods, such as the "Wastewater Treatment Method and Equipment Using Pressurized Dissolved Air Biochemical Air Flotation" proposed in patent application number CN201210083366.0, which uses pressurized dissolved air. Other conventional methods include increasing the amount of air bubbles released and extending the air flotation process time. These methods consume dissolved air excessively, which not only increases energy consumption but also raises treatment costs. However, if the air flotation time is controlled, insufficient air flotation treatment will make subsequent advanced treatment steps more complex and expensive, such as requiring stronger chemical treatment or longer biological treatment. This creates a contradiction between controlling the amount of dissolved air released and fully treating to reduce the density of suspended particles. This contradiction has led to existing air flotation technology restricting cost control and purification effect in air flotation water purification. Summary of the Invention

[0004] I. Technical problems to be solved

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for controlling dissolved gas release during air flotation, thereby controlling the amount of dissolved gas released during air flotation, saving costs, and improving the purification degree of suspended particulate matter during the air flotation process.

[0006] II. Technical Solution

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention proposes a method for controlling dissolved air release during air flotation, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1. The water space in the flotation tank is divided into densely spaced units of equal size in the vertical direction. A dissolved gas release pipeline containing multiple dissolved gas release ports and a detection camera are arranged below the water body. Each unit space contains at least one dissolved gas release port and one detection camera. The detection area of ​​the detection camera completely covers the unit space.

[0010] S2. After opening all dissolved gas release pipelines to release microbubbles at a large release rate for a preset time, reduce the bubble release rate of all dissolved gas release pipelines or close all dissolved gas release pipelines. The detection camera collects bubble images within its detection area and transmits them to the computer to calculate the proportion of bubbles of different sizes.

[0011] S3. When the proportion of large-sized bubbles in the bubble images acquired by each detection camera is greater than the standard distribution probability under the preset dissolved gas pressure, the bubble release amount of the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera is increased for a period of time, wherein the large-sized bubbles are bubbles with an identification diameter greater than the average standard diameter of microbubbles.

[0012] In step S1, multiple horizontal and vertical pipes are provided and arranged in a grid-like dissolved gas release pipeline. A cuboid-shaped unit space is formed above each grid formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline. Each unit space has two horizontal and two vertical pipes around its perimeter, each with a dissolved gas release port. From a top-down view, a detection camera is set at the geometric center of each grid.

[0013] In step S3, the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area includes two horizontal pipelines and two vertical pipelines. A horizontal coverage area with a large amount of bubbles is formed between the two horizontal pipelines, and a vertical coverage area with a large amount of bubbles is formed between the two vertical pipelines. A control area with the largest amount of bubbles that completely covers the detection area is formed in the overlapping area of ​​the horizontal and vertical coverage areas, and the extension direction of the horizontal or vertical coverage area is consistent with the water flow direction.

[0014] The standard distribution probability of bubbles of different sizes under a preset dissolved gas pressure satisfies the following function:

[0015]

[0016] Where, d b Let μ be the microbubble size, μ be the average diameter, σ be the standard deviation, and P be the size distribution probability.

[0017] In step S3, when the proportion of large-sized bubbles in the image acquired by the detection camera is greater than the standard distribution probability under the preset dissolved gas pressure, the corresponding detection camera label is read and recorded, the computer retrieves the labels of the horizontal and vertical pipes in the surrounding unit space of the corresponding label, and increases the flow rate of the horizontal and vertical pipes of the corresponding label.

[0018] In step S2, multiple bubble images are acquired within a short period of time and combined into a group of bubble fusion images, which are then transmitted to the computer. In step S3, the computer synchronously analyzes the bubble fusion information and light transmittance of the group of bubble fusion images. If the bubble number reduction ratio in the group of bubble fusion images is greater than a preset threshold, or the ratio of bubbles in the dark area is greater than a preset threshold, the bubble release amount of the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera is increased.

[0019] This invention proposes an air flotation dissolved gas release device to achieve the above-mentioned air flotation dissolved gas release control method, comprising:

[0020] The first branch pipe is connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline, and the first branch pipe is bent horizontally below.

[0021] The second branch pipe is connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline, and the lower part of the second branch pipe is bent horizontally and longitudinally.

[0022] The dissolved gas release pipeline includes multiple longitudinal pipelines that are equally spaced and connected to the side of the first branch pipe, and multiple horizontal pipelines that are equally spaced and connected to the side of the second branch pipe. The horizontal and longitudinal pipelines are arranged in a grid pattern, and multiple dissolved gas release ports are equally spaced below the horizontal and longitudinal pipelines.

[0023] From a top-down perspective, each of the detection cameras is located at the geometric center of a grid formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline.

[0024] Furthermore, each of the horizontal pipelines connected to the second branch pipe and each of the vertical pipelines connected to the first branch pipe is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve, which is connected to a computer to control the flow rate of the horizontal and vertical pipelines.

[0025] Furthermore, from a top-down perspective, the dissolved gas release ports on the horizontal and vertical pipelines are located at the midpoint of each side of the square they form.

[0026] III. Beneficial Effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0028] This invention determines the suspended particulate matter content in each unit space of the water body by detecting and identifying the proportion of large-sized bubbles in bubble images and comparing it with the proportion of large-sized bubbles under the standard distribution probability. This allows for precise control of the flow rate of horizontal and vertical pipes around the control space, enabling precise control of bubble release and attachment when uneven suspended matter in the water body is removed after a large amount of air flotation sludge removal. It focuses on removing residual sludge, improving the air flotation effect, reducing the difficulty of subsequent water treatment, and reducing costs and increasing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0032] 1-First branch pipe; 2-Second branch pipe; 3-Dissolved gas release pipeline; 301-Longitudinal pipeline; 302-Horizontal pipeline; 303-Dissolved gas release port; 4-Detection camera; 5-Electromagnetic control valve; 6-Unit space; 7-Horizontal coverage area; 8-Longitudinal coverage area; 9-Control area. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In this specification, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation thereof.

[0034] Furthermore, in the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth for ease of explanation to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments disclosed herein. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and apparatuses are illustrated to simplify the figures.

[0035] According to a general technical concept of the present invention, an air flotation dissolved air release device is provided. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-3 It includes a first branch pipe 1 and a second branch pipe 2, both connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline, a dissolved gas release pipeline 3, and several detection cameras 4. The dissolved gas supply pipeline is connected to a dissolved gas tank for storing supersaturated dissolved gas liquid. The first branch pipe 1 and the second branch pipe 2 divide the dissolved gas supplied by the dissolved gas supply pipeline into two streams to control the distributed release of the dissolved gas.

[0036] The first branch pipe 1 bends horizontally below, and the second branch pipe 2 bends horizontally longitudinally below. The dissolved gas release pipeline 3 includes multiple longitudinal pipelines 301 connected at equal intervals to the side of the first branch pipe 1, and multiple transverse pipelines 302 connected at equal intervals to the side of the second branch pipe 2. The transverse pipelines 302 and longitudinal pipelines 301 are arranged in a grid pattern. Multiple dissolved gas release ports 303 are connected at equal intervals below the transverse pipelines 302 and longitudinal pipelines 301, from which dissolved gas bubbles are released. The gas release system is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve 5 at the connection between each horizontal pipeline 302 and the second branch pipe 2, and at the connection between each vertical pipeline 301 and the first branch pipe 1. The electromagnetic control valve 5 is connected to a computer. The computer can control the opening of the electromagnetic valve by sending an electrical signal, thereby changing the flow rate of the horizontal pipeline 302 and the vertical pipeline, and thus controlling the amount of air bubbles at the dissolved air release port 303 of each horizontal pipeline 302 and the vertical pipeline, so that the amount of air bubbles in each part of the water body is released in a non-uniform manner.

[0037] Furthermore, from a top-down perspective, a detection camera 4 is installed at the geometric center of each square formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline 3, with the detection camera 4 positioned at least 10 cm above the dissolved gas release port 303. From a top-down perspective, the dissolved gas release ports 303 on the horizontal pipeline 302 and the vertical pipeline 301 are located at the midpoint of each side of the square they form. Each dissolved gas release port 303 is equidistant from the detection camera 4 from the top-down perspective, and each controls the release of bubbles within a certain range around the detection camera 4, forming a control zone around the detection camera 4 that allows for the release of a large number of bubbles.

[0038] The camera ports of the detection cameras 4 are set facing upwards, and the detection areas of each detection camera 4 completely cover the area above each square. The detection cameras 4 capture images and transmit them to the computer for recognition. Based on the bubble situation in the recognized images, the flow rate and opening and closing of the dissolved air release pipe 3 are adjusted to ensure that the dissolved air is evenly but controllably distributed in the water body. This helps to form a more effective bubble capture area, achieves precise control of bubble release when treating uneven suspended solids, focuses on removing residual scum, improves the flotation effect, and reduces the difficulty of subsequent water treatment.

[0039] According to a general technical concept of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for controlling dissolved air release during air flotation, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1. The water space in the flotation tank is divided into densely distributed unit spaces of equal size in the vertical direction. A dissolved gas release pipeline 3 containing multiple dissolved gas release ports 303 and a detection camera 4 are arranged below the water body. Each unit space 6 contains at least one dissolved gas release port 303 and one detection camera 4.

[0041] Specifically, multiple horizontal pipelines 302 and vertical pipelines 301 are provided, and the multiple horizontal pipelines 302 and vertical pipelines 301 are arranged in a grid-like dissolved gas release pipeline 3, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a cuboid-shaped unit space 6 is formed above each square formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline 3. Each unit space 6 has two horizontal pipelines 302 and a vertical pipeline 301 around its perimeter, each with a dissolved gas release port 303. From a top-down view, a detection camera 4 is installed at the geometric center of each square, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the detection camera 4 has a circular detection area that completely covers the unit space 6 where the detection camera 4 is located, and the detection camera 4 is connected to the computer.

[0042] A first branch pipe 1 and a second branch pipe 2 are provided to be connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline. Multiple longitudinal pipelines 301 are connected at equal intervals to the side of the first branch pipe 1, and multiple transverse pipelines 302 are connected at equal intervals to the side of the second branch pipe 2. An electromagnetic control valve 5 is provided at the connection between each transverse pipeline 302 and the second branch pipe 2, and at the connection between each longitudinal pipeline 301 and the first branch pipe 1. The electromagnetic control valve 5 is connected to a computer. The detection camera 4 can detect the bubble image in the corresponding detection area and transmit the signal to the computer for processing. The computer controls the opening degree of the electromagnetic control valve 5 according to the analysis results.

[0043] S2. Open all dissolved air release pipes 3 to release microbubbles at a relatively large release rate for a preset time. After this preset time, a large amount of flocculated scum in the water is attached to the bubbles and moved to the surface of the water, and is scraped away by the scum scraper. At this time, a relatively rough preliminary air flotation and impurity removal has been carried out in the water, but there are still some small scum in the water. In this step, after the preliminary impurity removal, the computer controls the reduction of the bubble release rate of all dissolved air release pipes 3 or closes all dissolved air release pipes 3. The scum floating on the surface of the water is basically scraped away, and the water is in a transparent state with a small amount of scum. The remaining bubbles in the water are in a state of continuous floating. At this time, the detection camera 4 can clearly capture the bubble image of the detection area during this period, and then transmit the bubble image to the computer. The computer identifies the number and size of the bubbles in the bubble image and calculates the proportion of the number of bubbles of different sizes.

[0044] S3. The air flotation device corresponding to this method releases bubbles at a preset dissolved air pressure. The computer records the standard distribution probability of the number of bubbles at this preset dissolved air pressure. Specifically, the standard distribution probability of bubbles of different sizes at the preset dissolved air pressure satisfies the following function:

[0045]

[0046] Where, d b Let μ be the microbubble size, μ be the average diameter, σ be the standard deviation, P be the size distribution probability, and e be the natural constant.

[0047] In this step, the computer compares the proportion of large bubbles in the bubble images collected by each detection camera 4 under the preset dissolved air pressure with the proportion of large bubbles under the standard distribution probability. Large bubbles are identified as bubbles with a diameter larger than the average standard diameter of microbubbles. If the proportion of large bubbles in the bubble image is greater than the proportion of large bubbles under the standard distribution probability, it means that there are more large bubbles in the water than expected. This is because when bubbles adhere to the flocculent scum in the water, the bubbles merge with each other to form large bubbles, or a large number of bubbles gather around the flocculent scum to form a blurry bubble image that is difficult for the computer to separate and identify. The computer will identify multiple bubbles as one large bubble. In both cases, the proportion of large bubbles in the bubble images detected by the detection camera 4 will be greater than the expected proportion.

[0048] If the proportion of large bubbles in the bubble image is greater than a certain preset threshold for the proportion of large bubbles under the standard distribution probability, it indicates that there is an excessive amount of flocculated impurities in the water. In this case, the bubble release volume of the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera 4 is increased for a period of time to clean up the flocculated scum residue in the detection area.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area of ​​a single detection camera 4 includes two horizontal pipelines 302 and two vertical pipelines 301. For example, the detection area of ​​detection camera 4A is... Figure 2The circular dashed area shown in the diagram involves two horizontal pipes 302A and 302B, and two vertical pipes 301A and 301B. The horizontal pipes 302A, 302B, 301A, and 301B together form a unit space 6 enclosed within the detection area of ​​the detection camera 4A. When the detection camera 4A detects that the proportion of large-sized bubbles in the bubble image within this unit space 6 is greater than a certain preset threshold for the proportion of large-sized bubbles under the standard distribution probability (typically 3%-5%), the computer controls the electromagnetic control valve 5 connected to the horizontal pipes 302A, 302B, 301A, and 301B to increase its opening. This causes the solvent exchange valves connected to the horizontal pipes 302A, 302B, 301A, and 301B to... All gas release ports 303 release a large number of bubbles. Since each dissolved gas release port 303 has a certain effective coverage area, a strip-shaped horizontal coverage area 7 with a large number of bubbles is formed between the two horizontal pipelines 302A and 302B, and a strip-shaped vertical coverage area 8 with a large number of bubbles is formed between the two vertical pipelines 301A and 301B. In the overlapping area of ​​the horizontal coverage area 7 and the vertical coverage area 8, a control area 9 with a high density and the largest number of bubbles is formed. The control area 9 completely covers the detection area of ​​the detection camera 4A. The large number of bubbles in the control area 9 adhere to the surface of the residual flocculated scum for further cleaning. In this step, by briefly controlling the amount of bubbles in each detection area, a small number of bubbles are used to accurately clean the flocculated scum, reducing the demand for dissolved gas, extending the dissolved gas usage time, reducing the difficulty of subsequent water treatment, and saving costs.

[0050] In this embodiment, the horizontal covering area 7 and the vertical covering area 8 simultaneously form a strip-shaped area with a large number of bubbles around the control area 9, which can prevent the flocculated scum at the edge of the control area 9 from floating and moving and being unable to be cleaned. The extension direction of the horizontal covering area 7 or the vertical covering area 8 is consistent with the water flow direction, so that the horizontal covering area 7 or the vertical covering area 8 with more bubbles has a high probability of accurately covering the moving position of the flocculated scum.

[0051] In this step, each detection camera 4 and the corresponding unit space 6 around the detection camera 4 are labeled with horizontal pipes 302 and vertical pipes 301. When the proportion of large-sized bubbles in the image acquired by the detection camera 4 is greater than the standard distribution probability under the preset dissolved gas pressure, the label of the corresponding detection camera 4 is read and recorded, the labels of the horizontal pipes 302 and vertical pipes 301 of the corresponding unit space 6 are retrieved, and the flow rate of the corresponding horizontal pipes 302 and vertical pipes 301 is increased.

[0052] As one embodiment of the dissolved air release control method for air flotation proposed in this invention, in step S2, multiple bubble images are acquired within a short period of time at high frequency, and these multiple bubble images are combined into a group of bubble fusion images and transmitted to the computer; in step S3, the computer synchronously analyzes the bubble fusion information and light transmittance of the group of bubble fusion images (bubble fusion information refers to the situation where the number of bubbles is reduced due to their attachment to the surface of flocculated scum during this period, and light transmittance refers to the brightness of the bubbles in the image; when there is more scum residue, the amount of bubble fusion in the group of bubble fusion images will increase, and more dark bubbles will be identified). If the ratio of the reduction in the number of bubbles in the group of bubble fusion images is greater than a preset threshold, or the ratio of dark bubbles is greater than a preset threshold, the amount of bubble release in the dissolved air release pipeline 3 involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera 4 is increased. By combining multiple methods, the content of suspended particulate matter is judged, thereby achieving the purpose of precise scum removal by air flotation.

[0053] Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described above are exemplary and can be improved upon. The structures described in the various embodiments can be freely combined without causing any conflict in structure or principle.

[0054] Although the invention has been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiments disclosed in the drawings are intended to illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0055] While some embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0056] It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the words "a" or "an" do not exclude multiple elements. Furthermore, any reference numerals in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling dissolved air release during air flotation, characterized in that, include: S1. The water space in the flotation tank is divided into densely spaced units of equal size in the vertical direction. A dissolved gas release pipeline containing multiple dissolved gas release ports and a detection camera are arranged below the water body. Each unit space contains at least one dissolved gas release port and one detection camera. The detection area of ​​the detection camera completely covers the unit space. S2. After opening all dissolved gas release pipelines to release microbubbles at a large release rate for a preset time, reduce the bubble release rate of all dissolved gas release pipelines or close all dissolved gas release pipelines. The detection camera collects bubble images within its detection area and transmits them to the computer to calculate the proportion of bubbles of different sizes. S3. The computer compares the proportion of large bubbles in the bubble images collected by each detection camera under the preset dissolved gas pressure with the proportion of large bubbles under the standard distribution probability. If the former is greater than the latter by a preset threshold, the bubble release amount of the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera is increased for a period of time. The large bubbles are identified as bubbles with a diameter greater than the average standard diameter of microbubbles.

2. The dissolved air release control method for air flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, Multiple horizontal and vertical pipelines are provided and arranged in a grid-like dissolved gas release pipeline. A cuboid unit space is formed above each grid formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline. Each unit space has two horizontal and two vertical pipelines around its perimeter, each with a dissolved gas release port. From a top-down view, a detection camera is set at the geometric center of each grid.

3. The dissolved air release control method for air flotation according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area includes two horizontal pipelines and two vertical pipelines. A horizontal coverage area with a large amount of bubbles is formed between the two horizontal pipelines, and a vertical coverage area with a large amount of bubbles is formed between the two vertical pipelines. A control area with the largest amount of bubbles that completely covers the detection area is formed in the overlapping area of ​​the horizontal and vertical coverage areas, and the extension direction of the horizontal or vertical coverage area is consistent with the water flow direction.

4. The dissolved air release control method for air flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard distribution probability of bubbles of different sizes under a preset dissolved gas pressure satisfies the following function: Where, d b Let μ be the microbubble size, μ be the average diameter, σ be the standard deviation, and P be the size distribution probability.

5. The dissolved air release control method for air flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, when the proportion of large-sized bubbles in the image acquired by the detection camera is greater than the standard distribution probability under the preset dissolved gas pressure, the corresponding detection camera label is read and recorded, the computer retrieves the labels of the horizontal and vertical pipes in the surrounding unit space of the corresponding label, and increases the flow rate of the horizontal and vertical pipes of the corresponding label.

6. The dissolved air release control method for air flotation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, multiple bubble images are acquired within a short period of time and combined into a group of bubble fusion images, which are then transmitted to the computer. In step S3, the computer synchronously analyzes the bubble fusion information and light transmittance of the group of bubble fusion images. If the bubble number reduction ratio in the group of bubble fusion images is greater than a preset threshold, or the ratio of bubbles in the dark area is greater than a preset threshold, the bubble release amount of the dissolved gas release pipeline involved in the detection area covered by the detection camera is increased.

7. A dissolved air flotation release device for implementing the dissolved air flotation release control method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The first branch pipe is connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline, and the first branch pipe is bent horizontally below. The second branch pipe is connected to the dissolved gas supply pipeline, and the lower part of the second branch pipe is bent horizontally and longitudinally. The dissolved gas release pipeline includes multiple longitudinal pipelines that are equally spaced and connected to the side of the first branch pipe, and multiple horizontal pipelines that are equally spaced and connected to the side of the second branch pipe. The horizontal and longitudinal pipelines are arranged in a grid pattern, and multiple dissolved gas release ports are equally spaced below the horizontal and longitudinal pipelines. From a top-down perspective, each of the detection cameras is located at the geometric center of a grid formed by the dissolved gas release pipeline.

8. The dissolved air flotation release device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An electromagnetic control valve is installed at the connection between each horizontal pipeline and the second branch pipe, and at the connection between each vertical pipeline and the first branch pipe. The electromagnetic control valve is connected to a computer to control the flow rate of the horizontal and vertical pipelines.

9. The dissolved air flotation release device according to claim 7, characterized in that, From a top-down perspective, the dissolved gas release ports on the horizontal and vertical pipelines are located at the midpoint of each side of the grid they form.

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