A tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment based on monsoon

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel ventilation technology, specifically to a monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment, comprising: a mountain, a first tunnel and a second tunnel; by connecting the exhaust duct with the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct with the supply air duct, it is convenient to discharge harmful exhaust gas and smoke in the first tunnel and the second tunnel through the exhaust duct, and to transport fresh air into the first tunnel and the second tunnel through the supply air duct; through the baffle installed inside the ventilation opening, when the external wind is strong, it is difficult for larger debris to enter the supply air duct, so as not to affect the normal use of the supply air duct; through the wind storage bin at the top of the inclined shaft, it is convenient to store wind when the external wind is strong; by controlling the air duct valves of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the wind stored in the wind storage bin can be discharged when the external wind is weak, thereby improving the ventilation and exhaust effect, and even if a fire occurs in the tunnel at this time, the smoke exhaust effect of the tunnel can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular to a tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust device based on monsoon. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is a structure built underground or underwater to lay railways and for motor vehicles to pass through. During the construction of long tunnels, in order to shorten the construction period, vertical or inclined shafts must be set up to increase the working surface. Sometimes parallel pilot pits are set up. Vertical or inclined shafts can be used as ventilation and smoke exhaust channels according to the design. After the tunnel is completed, in the daily operation of the tunnel, the harmful exhaust gas and smoke emitted by vehicles will exceed a certain concentration, which will harm the health of drivers and passengers. In addition, a fire in the tunnel will produce a lot of smoke. Therefore, it is very necessary to ventilate and exhaust the tunnel.

[0003] In the existing technology, for long tunnels with complex geology, double-hole, double-track tunnels are convenient for diverting vehicles traveling in different directions. Double-track, double-hole tunnels generally use a natural smoke exhaust method with relatively independent air supply and exhaust, and the harmful exhaust gas and smoke in the two tunnels are discharged through their respective air ducts. However, due to the large uncertainty of external wind direction, wind speed and wind force, when the external wind force is strong, larger debris can easily enter the air duct with the wind, affecting the normal use of the air duct. When the external wind force is weak, the daily ventilation and exhaust effect in the tunnel is poor. Once a fire occurs in the tunnel at this time, it is difficult to ensure the smoke exhaust effect of the tunnel. To this end, we propose a tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust device based on monsoon. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment based on monsoon to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust device based on monsoon winds, comprising: a mountain, a first tunnel, and a second tunnel; inclined shafts are provided at the tops of the first tunnel and the second tunnel; a first vertical shaft and a second vertical shaft are connected between the bottom ends of the inclined shafts and the first tunnel and the second tunnel, respectively; and the first vertical shaft and the second vertical shaft both include exhaust ducts and air supply ducts.

[0006] The interior of the inclined shaft includes an exhaust duct and an air supply duct, a vent is installed at one end of the inclined shaft, and a baffle is installed inside the end of the vent away from the inclined shaft, and a ventilation hole is opened on the surface of the baffle;

[0007] A wind storage bin is installed on the top of one end of the inclined shaft near the ventilation port, an air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the wind storage bin near the ventilation port, and an air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the wind storage bin, and air duct valves are provided at one end of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of support columns are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inclined shaft, and the bottom end of each support column is fixedly installed at the top of the mountain.

[0009] Preferably, a fire damper is provided inside the two exhaust ducts at one end away from the inclined shaft, and the bottom ends of the two exhaust ducts and the two air supply ducts are connected to the adjacent first tunnel and second tunnel respectively.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the exhaust duct and the supply air duct are connected to the ventilation port, the other end of the exhaust duct and the supply air duct are respectively connected to the exhaust duct and the supply air duct of the first vertical shaft, and the top end of the exhaust duct and the supply air duct located in the second vertical shaft are respectively connected to the exhaust duct and the supply air duct.

[0011] Preferably, the vent is trumpet-shaped, one end of the vent is fixedly mounted on the inclined shaft, and the inner wall of the other end of the vent is fixedly connected to the side wall of the baffle.

[0012] Preferably, a raised guide surface is provided at one end of the baffle away from the inclined shaft, a number of ventilation holes are evenly arranged and opened on the surface of the baffle, and arc surfaces are provided at both end openings of each ventilation hole.

[0013] Preferably, an exhaust fan and a supply fan are installed inside the exhaust duct and the supply duct at one end close to the vent, respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the wind power storage bin is fixedly installed at the top of the inclined shaft, and an internal pressure sensor is provided on the inner top wall of the wind power storage bin.

[0015] Preferably, the top end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe passes through the inclined shaft and is inserted into the air supply duct, and the bottom end of the air inlet pipe near the vent is connected to the air inlet, which is trumpet-shaped.

[0016] Preferably, the top end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin, the bottom end of the air outlet pipe passes through the inclined shaft and is inserted into the air supply duct, and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe away from the vent is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet is trumpet-shaped.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention connects the exhaust duct with the exhaust air duct and the supply air duct with the supply air duct, so as to facilitate the discharge of harmful exhaust gas and smoke in the first tunnel and the second tunnel through the exhaust duct, and to transport fresh air into the first tunnel and the second tunnel through the supply air duct. Through the baffle installed inside the vent, when the external wind is strong, larger debris is not easy to enter the supply air duct, so as not to affect the normal use of the supply air duct. Through the wind storage bin at the top of the inclined shaft, it is convenient to store wind when the external wind is strong. By controlling the duct valves of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the wind stored in the wind storage bin can be discharged when the external wind is weak, thereby improving the ventilation and exhaust effect. Even if a fire occurs in the tunnel at this time, the smoke exhaust effect of the tunnel can be guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The main cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention is shown Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 3 The main cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention is shown Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the air inlet pipe structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Mountain; 2. First tunnel; 3. Second tunnel; 4. Inclined shaft; 5. Support column; 6. Exhaust duct; 7. Supply duct; 8. Exhaust fan; 9. Supply fan; 10. Ventilation port; 11. Baffle; 12. Ventilation hole; 13. Wind storage bin; 14. Internal pressure sensor; 15. Air inlet duct; 16. Air outlet duct; 17. Duct valve; 18. Air inlet; 19. Air outlet; 20. Fire damper; 21. Exhaust duct; 22. Supply duct; 23. First vertical shaft; 24. Second vertical shaft; 25. Guide surface; 26. Arc surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to clearly and completely describe the objectives and technical solutions of the present invention and make the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "middle," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," "side," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like, indicating positions or location relationships, are based on the positions or location relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "one," "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," and "sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] For the purpose of simplicity and illustration, the principles of the embodiments are described primarily with reference to examples. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments may not be limited to these specific details in practice. In some instances, well-known methods and structures are not described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the understanding of these embodiments. In addition, all embodiments may be used in combination with each other.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 7The present invention provides a technical solution: a monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment, comprising: a mountain 1, a first tunnel 2 and a second tunnel 3, an inclined shaft 4 is provided at the top of the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3, and a first vertical shaft 23 and a second vertical shaft 24 are respectively connected between the bottom end of the inclined shaft 4 and the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3, and the interiors of the first vertical shaft 23 and the second vertical shaft 24 both include an exhaust duct 21 and an air supply duct 22; a plurality of support columns 5 are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the inclined shaft 4, and the bottom end of each support column 5 is fixedly installed at the top of the mountain 1, so as to improve the stability of the inclined shaft 4. Fire dampers 20 are provided inside the two exhaust ducts 21 at one end away from the inclined shaft 4. The bottom ends of the two exhaust ducts 21 and the two air supply ducts 22 are respectively connected to the adjacent first tunnel 2 and second tunnel 3. When a fire occurs in the first tunnel 2 or the second tunnel 3, and there is fire in the smoke and the smoke exhaust does not work, it is convenient to close the fire dampers 20 to prevent the smoke with fire from entering the exhaust duct 21 and the exhaust duct 6, so as not to increase the danger of the first tunnel 2 or the second tunnel 3.

[0032] The interior of the inclined shaft 4 includes an exhaust duct 6 and an air supply duct 7. A vent 10 is installed at one end of the inclined shaft 4, and a baffle 11 is installed inside the end of the vent 10 away from the inclined shaft 4, and a ventilation hole 12 is opened on the surface of the baffle 11; one end of the exhaust duct 6 and the supply air duct 7 are connected to the vent 10, and the other ends of the exhaust duct 6 and the supply air duct 7 are respectively connected to the exhaust duct 21 and the supply air duct 22 of the first vertical shaft 23, and the top of the exhaust duct 21 and the supply air duct 22 located in the second vertical shaft 24 are respectively connected to the exhaust duct 6 and the supply air duct 7, and the inner wall of the end of the exhaust duct 6 and the supply air duct 7 away from the vent 10 is a curved surface, which is convenient for harmful exhaust gas and smoke in the exhaust duct 21 to flow directly to the exhaust duct 6, and convenient for the wind force in the supply air duct 7 to be directly sent into the supply air duct 22. The vent 10 is trumpet-shaped, with one end fixedly mounted on the inclined shaft 4. The inner wall of the other end of the vent 10 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the baffle 11. The inclined inner wall of the trumpet-shaped vent 10 facilitates the flow of external air into the supply duct 7 and facilitates the diffusion of harmful exhaust gases and smoke from the exhaust duct 6 to the outside. The end of the baffle 11 facing away from the inclined shaft 4 is provided with a raised guide surface 25. A plurality of ventilation holes 12 are evenly distributed on the surface of the baffle 11. Each ventilation hole 12 has a curved surface 26 at its two ends, which facilitates directing the wind from both sides of the baffle 11 and facilitating its passage through the ventilation holes 12, thereby improving the exhaust and air supply efficiency within the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3. An exhaust fan 8 and a supply fan 9 are installed within the exhaust duct 6 and the supply duct 7, respectively, at the end near the vent 10, to enhance the exhaust and air supply efficiency within the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3.

[0033] A wind storage bin 13 is mounted on the top of the inclined shaft 4 near the vent 10. An air inlet pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the wind storage bin 13 near the vent 10, and an air outlet pipe 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the wind storage bin 13. Air duct valves 17 are installed at one end of each of the air inlet pipe 15 and the air outlet pipe 16. The wind storage bin 13 is fixedly mounted at the top of the inclined shaft 4. An internal pressure sensor 14 is installed on the internal top wall of the wind storage bin 13 to facilitate measuring the wind pressure within the wind storage bin 13. When the wind pressure within the wind storage bin 13 is too high, the air duct valve 17 of the air inlet pipe 15 can be closed to avoid affecting the normal use of the wind storage bin 13. The top of the air inlet pipe 15 is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin 13, and the bottom of the air inlet pipe 15 passes through the inclined shaft 4 and is inserted into the air supply duct 7. The bottom end of the air inlet pipe 15 near the vent 10 is connected to the air inlet 18. The air inlet 18 is trumpet-shaped, and the open end of the air inlet 18 faces the vent 10, so that the external wind can enter the wind storage bin 13 through the air inlet 18. The top of the air outlet pipe 16 is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin 13, and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe 16 passes through the inclined shaft 4 and is inserted into the air supply duct 7. The bottom end of the air outlet pipe 16 away from the vent 10 is connected to the air outlet 19. The air outlet 19 is trumpet-shaped, and the open end of the air outlet 19 is away from the vent 10, so that the wind in the wind storage bin 13 can be discharged through the air outlet 19 and flow into the two air supply ducts 22.

[0034] When the device is working, the exhaust duct 21 of the first vertical shaft 23 and the second vertical shaft 24 is connected to the exhaust duct 6, so that the harmful exhaust gas and smoke in the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3 are discharged through the exhaust duct 6 of the inclined shaft 4. The air supply duct 22 of the first vertical shaft 23 and the second vertical shaft 24 is connected to the air supply duct 7, so that the wind and fresh air are transported to the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3 through the air supply duct 7 of the inclined shaft 4. When the external wind is strong, the air flow is directed to the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3. When the air flow is large, it is difficult for large debris to enter the air supply duct 7 through the ventilation hole 12, so as not to affect the normal use of the air supply duct 7. By setting the end of the baffle 11 away from the inclined shaft 4 as a raised guide surface 25, it is convenient for large debris to slide along the guide surface 25 and the inclined inner wall of the ventilation hole 10, so as to prevent the debris from blocking the ventilation hole 12 and affecting the exhaust and air supply effects. By installing a wind storage bin 13 on the top of the end of the inclined shaft 4 close to the ventilation hole 10, it is convenient to close the air duct valve of the air outlet pipe 16 when the external wind is large. The door 17 is used to open the air duct valve 17 of the air inlet pipe 15 to store the wind. By pointing the open end of the trumpet-shaped air inlet 18 toward the vent 10, it is convenient for the external wind to enter the wind storage bin 13 through the air inlet 18. The internal pressure sensor 14 provided on the internal top wall of the wind storage bin 13 is used to measure the wind pressure in the wind storage bin 13. When the wind pressure in the wind storage bin 13 is too high, the air duct valves 17 of the air inlet pipe 15 and the air outlet pipe 16 can be closed to avoid affecting the wind storage bin 13. 3, by opening the air duct valve 17 of the air outlet duct 16 and closing the air duct valve 17 of the air inlet duct 15, the wind stored in the wind storage bin 13 can be discharged when the external wind is relatively small. By moving the open end of the trumpet-shaped air outlet 19 away from the ventilation port 10, the wind in the wind storage bin 13 is easily discharged through the air outlet 19 and flows to the two air supply ducts 22, thereby improving the ventilation and exhaust effects of the first tunnel 2 and the second tunnel 3. Even if a fire occurs in the tunnel at this time, the smoke exhaust effect of the tunnel can be guaranteed.

[0035] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust device based on monsoon, comprising: A mountain (1), a first tunnel (2) and a second tunnel (3), characterized in that: an inclined shaft (4) is provided at the top of the first tunnel (2) and the second tunnel (3); a first vertical shaft (23) and a second vertical shaft (24) are connected between the bottom end of the inclined shaft (4) and the first tunnel (2) and the second tunnel (3), respectively; and the interiors of the first vertical shaft (23) and the second vertical shaft (24) both include an exhaust duct (21) and an air supply duct (22); The interior of the inclined shaft (4) includes an exhaust air duct (6) and an air supply air duct (7), a vent (10) is installed at one end of the inclined shaft (4), a baffle (11) is installed inside the end of the vent (10) away from the inclined shaft (4), and a ventilation hole (12) is opened on the surface of the baffle (11); A wind storage bin (13) is installed at the top of one end of the inclined shaft (4) near the ventilation opening (10), an air inlet pipe (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the wind storage bin (13) near the ventilation opening (10), an air outlet pipe (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the wind storage bin (13), and an air duct valve (17) is provided at one end of each of the air inlet pipe (15) and the air outlet pipe (16). The wind storage bin (13) is fixedly installed at the top of the inclined shaft (4), and an internal pressure sensor (14) is provided on the inner top wall of the wind storage bin (13); The baffle (11) is provided with a raised guide surface (25) at one end away from the inclined shaft (4), and a plurality of ventilation holes (12) are evenly arranged and opened on the surface of the baffle (11), and each ventilation hole (12) is provided with a curved surface (26) at both ends of the opening; An exhaust fan (8) and an air supply fan (9) are respectively installed inside one end of the exhaust duct (6) and the air supply duct (7) close to the vent (10).

2. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support columns (5) are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the inclined shaft (4), and the bottom end of each support column (5) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the mountain (1).

3. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Fire dampers (20) are provided inside the two exhaust ducts (21) at one end away from the inclined shaft (4), and the bottom ends of the two exhaust ducts (21) and the two air supply ducts (22) are respectively connected to the adjacent first tunnel (2) and second tunnel (3).

4. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the exhaust duct (6) and the air supply duct (7) are both connected to the vent (10), and the other ends of the exhaust duct (6) and the air supply duct (7) are respectively connected to the exhaust duct (21) and the air supply duct (22) of the first vertical shaft (23), and the top ends of the exhaust duct (21) and the air supply duct (22) located in the second vertical shaft (24) are respectively connected to the exhaust duct (6) and the air supply duct (7).

5. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vent (10) is trumpet-shaped, one end of the vent (10) is fixedly mounted on the inclined shaft (4), and the inner wall of the other end of the vent (10) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the baffle (11).

6. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the air inlet pipe (15) is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin (13), the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (15) passes through the inclined shaft (4) and is inserted into the air supply duct (7), and the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (15) near the ventilation port (10) is connected to the air inlet (18), and the air inlet (18) is trumpet-shaped.

7. The monsoon-based tunnel inclined shaft ventilation and smoke exhaust equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the air outlet pipe (16) is connected to the interior of the wind storage bin (13), the bottom end of the air outlet pipe (16) passes through the inclined shaft (4) and is inserted into the air supply duct (7), and the bottom end of the air outlet pipe (16) away from the ventilation port (10) is connected to the air outlet (19), and the air outlet (19) is trumpet-shaped.

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