A pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device

Abstract

A pneumatic-mechanical coupling corn threshing device includes a frame and a flexible discretizing mechanism and a pneumatic-mechanical coupling threshing mechanism mounted on the frame. The flexible discretizing mechanism includes a discretizing box with a feeding hopper at one end. A conveying mechanism is arranged along the length of the discretizing box, and two rows of discretizing rollers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying mechanism, forming a discretizing channel between the two rows of rollers. Each row of rollers includes a horizontal discretizing roller and a vertical discretizing roller that can rotate along their own axis. The horizontal and vertical discretizing rollers on both sides of the conveying mechanism correspond to each other. A discretizing roller driving component is provided at the bottom of the discretizing box, which drives at least one row of rollers to rotate actively along their own axis. This pneumatic-mechanical coupling corn threshing device can thresh corn through the combined action of mechanical and airflow, greatly reducing kernel damage in high-moisture-content corn during the threshing process, which is beneficial for long-term storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of corn threshing technology, specifically to a mechanical-pneumatic coupled corn threshing device. Background Technology

[0002] Corn, as an important food crop, is the highest-yielding and most widely planted of China's three major food crops. Besides being a staple food, corn also plays a vital role as animal feed and industrial raw material. In animal feed, corn has long accounted for over 60% of the total feed composition, earning it the title of "King of Feed." Simultaneously, corn is a major raw material for many industrial products, such as bioethanol. Its threshing efficiency and quality are crucial to agricultural production.

[0003] Traditional threshing methods are inefficient, labor-intensive, and prone to kernel breakage, especially for corn with high moisture content. If corn kernels break during threshing, they cannot be stored for long periods and will gradually spoil under the action of microorganisms. Therefore, threshing high-moisture corn with minimal breakage is extremely difficult. Currently, no suitable method for threshing high-moisture corn has been found, either domestically or internationally. How to determine a suitable threshing method for high-moisture corn through research remains a pressing problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a mechanical-pneumatic coupled corn threshing device, which can thresh corn by the combined action of machinery and airflow, greatly reducing the damage of kernels in corn with high moisture content during the threshing process, and is beneficial for long-term storage.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a machine-pneumatic coupling corn threshing device, including a frame and a flexible discrete mechanism and a machine-pneumatic coupling threshing mechanism arranged on the frame;

[0006] The flexible discretization mechanism includes a discretization box, a feeding hopper at one end of the discretization box, a conveying mechanism along its length inside the discretization box, two rows of discretization rollers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying mechanism, forming a discretization channel between the two rows of discretization rollers, each row of discretization rollers including a horizontal discretization roller and a vertical discretization roller that can rotate along their own axis, and the horizontal and vertical discretization rollers on both sides of the conveying mechanism correspond to each other, and a discretization roller drive component is provided at the bottom of the discretization box, which drives at least one row of discretization rollers to actively rotate along their own axis, and cooperates with the other row of discretization rollers to squeeze and discretize the corn to be threshed in the discretization channel;

[0007] The pneumatic coupling threshing mechanism includes a horizontally placed threshing cylinder with open ends. The inlet on the upper side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder is connected to the outlet of the discrete channel through a connecting pipe. A vortex airflow generating mechanism that can generate vortex airflow is installed at one end of the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder. The other end of the threshing cylinder is the end for blowing out broken corn cobs. An impact bar is fixed on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder. After being squeezed and discrete, the corn that slides into the threshing cylinder through the connecting pipe is driven by the vortex airflow and impacts the impact bar to thresh the corn kernels and separate the corn kernels from the broken corn cobs. A receiving trough for corn kernels to enter is set on the lower side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, protrusions are provided on the circumferential surfaces of both the horizontal discrete roller and the vertical discrete roller.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, a spiral guide strip is fixed on the circumferential surface of the horizontal discrete roller.

[0010] As a preferred option, the distance between the two opposing vertical discrete rollers on both sides of the conveying mechanism can be compressed and adjusted.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, one of the two vertical discrete rollers on opposite sides of the conveying mechanism is mounted on an elastic seat;

[0012] The elastic seat includes a support shaft, a support plate, a spring, a bearing seat, and a first bearing. The support shaft is fixed to the inner wall of the discrete box along the width direction of the discrete channel. The support plate is slidably mounted on the support shaft. The spring is sleeved on the support shaft and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discrete box and the support plate, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the support plate are equipped with bearing seats with the first bearing. The two ends of the vertical discrete roller that cooperates with the elastic seat are provided with rotating shafts extending into the first bearing.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the impact bars are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the impact rod is provided with protrusions.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the protrusion is a flexible protrusion.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the vortex airflow generating mechanism includes a fan with its outlet facing the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder and a vortex assembly located on one side of the fan's outlet.

[0017] The vortex assembly includes an outer support ring and blades distributed at equal angles along the central axis of the outer support ring. A second bearing is installed on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder, and the outer support ring is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the receiving trough is arranged along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder, and the bottom of the receiving trough is inclined. The lower end of the receiving trough is provided with a discharge opening. The width of the receiving trough is smaller than the diameter of the corn cob and larger than the diameter of the corn kernel.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] 1. First, a flexible discrete mechanism is used to gently compress the corn to be threshed, so that the corn kernels and corn cobs are loosened. Then, a pneumatic coupling threshing mechanism is used to drive the loosened corn to impact and thresh it through airflow. By coupling the two methods, the threshing efficiency is ensured. At the same time, the corn is not excessively compressed during the entire threshing process, so that the corn kernels are not easily broken. This is more suitable for threshing corn with high moisture content.

[0021] 2. The threshing process is continuous, and the corn kernels and corn cobs are directly separated, while maintaining the efficiency of traditional machine threshing.

[0022] 3. The corn is kneaded by two rows of discrete rollers, which only loosens the corn kernels. Although it is not enough to completely separate the corn kernels and the corn cob during the flexible extrusion process, it can reduce the compression and shearing of the corn kernels during the process and ensure that the corn kernels are not damaged.

[0023] 4. The vortex airflow generated by the vortex airflow generator drives the loosened corn to collide randomly with the impact bar in the threshing cylinder. This process, together with the flexible discrete mechanism, achieves complete separation of corn kernels and corn cobs. However, the impact force of the vortex is not enough to break the corn kernels during this process.

[0024] 5. Flexible protrusions that come into direct contact with the corn are provided on the circumferential surface of the discrete roller and the surface of the impact bar. On the one hand, this increases the contact area with the corn based on the discrete roller, improving the squeezing or collision effect. On the other hand, the flexible protrusions are less likely to cause direct damage to the corn kernels that come into contact with them. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall axonometric view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic front view of the entire invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the entire left side view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a frontal and top view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a top view of the discrete box of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial schematic diagram of the vertical discrete roller of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the threshing cylinder of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the roller of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1. Discrete box, 2. Roller, 3. Feed hopper, 4. Horizontal discrete roller, 5. Vertical discrete roller, 6. Threshing cylinder, 7. Connecting pipe, 8. Impact bar, 9. Collection trough, 10. Spiral guide bar, 11. Support shaft, 12. Support plate, 13. Spring, 14. Bearing seat, 15. First bearing, 16. Fan, 17. Outer support ring, 18. Blade, 19. Second bearing, 20. Flexible protrusion, 21. Wheel axle, 22. Frame, 23. Drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail through exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that, without further description, elements, structures, and features in one embodiment may be advantageously incorporated into other embodiments.

[0036] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "a," "an," or "the," etc., used in the specification and claims of this patent application do not express a limitation on quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; the terms "first," "second," and "third," as used herein, should not be considered as a limitation on the order of components, but are merely for distinguishing different components; the terms "comprising," "including," etc., indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects having the same function.

[0037] To more clearly describe the specific structural components of this pneumatic-coupled corn threshing device, in conjunction with the attached... Figure 1-8 This embodiment is described as follows:

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, a pneumatic-coupling corn threshing device includes a frame 22 and a flexible discrete mechanism and a pneumatic-coupling threshing mechanism mounted on the frame 22. In the entire processing, the flexible discrete mechanism first uses flexible compression to loosen the corn kernels and cobs, and then the pneumatic-coupling threshing mechanism uses airflow to drive the loosened corn kernels to impact and thresh them.

[0039] See Figure 1-6 The flexible discretization mechanism includes a discretization box 1, with a feeding hopper 3 at one end. A conveying mechanism is provided inside the discretization box 1 along its length. Two rows of discretization rollers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying mechanism, forming a discretization channel between the two rows of discretization rollers. Each row of discretization rollers includes a horizontal discretization roller 4 and a vertical discretization roller 5 that can rotate along their own axis. The horizontal discretization roller 4 and the vertical discretization roller 5 of the two rows of discretization rollers correspond to each other (the horizontal discretization rollers correspond to each other, and the vertical discretization rollers correspond to each other). Flexible protrusions 20 are provided on the circumferential surfaces of both the horizontal discretization roller 4 and the vertical discretization roller 5. A spiral guide strip 10 is fixed on the circumferential surface of the horizontal discretization roller 4. A discretization roller driving component is provided at the bottom of the discretization box 1. The discretization roller driving component drives at least one row of discretization rollers to rotate actively along their own axis and cooperates with another row of discretization rollers to squeeze and discretize the corn to be threshed in the discretization channel. Under the squeezing action, the corn moves linearly along the discretization channel.

[0040] The corn is kneaded by two rows of discrete rollers, which only loosens the corn kernels. Although it is not enough to completely separate the corn kernels from the cob during the flexible extrusion process, it can reduce the compression and shearing of the corn kernels during the process and ensure that the corn kernels are not damaged.

[0041] In practical use, one row of discrete rollers is powered to rotate along its own axis. Specifically, the horizontal discrete rollers 4 and vertical discrete rollers 5 in one row rotate actively, while the other row of horizontal and vertical discrete rollers rotates passively in contact with the corn, feeding the corn ears one by one into the feeding hopper 3. Due to gravity, the corn ears slide along the inclined channel until they reach the inlet of the discrete channel. The lower side of the corn is supported by rollers 2, and the sides of the corn are held by the horizontal discrete rollers 4 and vertical discrete rollers 5. The rotation of the vertical discrete roller 25 propels the corn forward on the rollers 2. The corn ears then pass through the first set of horizontal discrete rollers 22 (the opposing horizontal discrete rollers in the two rows). Both the horizontal and vertical discrete rollers 22 and 25 are equipped with flexible protrusions 20, which compress the corn ears, causing the kernels on the ears to gradually loosen and separate. The spiral guide bar 10 on the horizontal discrete roller 4 guides the corn ears, causing them to move downwards along the roller 2. The ears then alternately pass through a set of vertical discrete rollers 5 and a set of horizontal discrete rollers 4 until the kernels gradually loosen and enter the conveyor channel 7. This completes this part of the corn's movement. Subsequently, the corn falls into the threshing cylinder 6 of the pneumatic-mechanical threshing mechanism under gravity.

[0042] The frame 22 is the main structure and can be welded from square steel. It is mainly divided into two parts, which are used to fix and support the discrete box 1 and the threshing cylinder 6, respectively.

[0043] See Figure 8 The conveying mechanism includes rollers 2 and axle 21. Rollers 2 support corn to move linearly along the discrete channel by rolling. In a specific setting, the rollers are fixed on axle 21, and axle 21 is installed in the bearing seat of the discrete box so that rollers 2 are located below the discrete channel.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the discrete roller drive component mainly includes multiple drive motors 23 disposed at the bottom of the discrete box 1. In a specific arrangement, the drive motors 23 can be fixed vertically. For the vertical discrete roller 5, the output shaft of the drive motor can be directly connected to the rotating shaft of the vertical discrete roller 5 through a coupling. For the horizontal discrete roller 4, bevel gears can be fixed on the rotating shaft of the horizontal discrete roller 4 and the output shaft of the corresponding drive motor, respectively. The two meshing bevel gears transmit the kinetic energy of the motor and drive the horizontal discrete roller 4 to rotate.

[0045] In the above embodiment, in order to facilitate the horizontal linear movement of corn within the discrete channel, the distance between the two opposing vertical discrete rollers 5 on both sides of the conveying mechanism can be compressed and adjusted. Specifically, one of the two opposing vertical discrete rollers 5 on both sides of the conveying mechanism is mounted on an elastic seat.

[0046] See Figure 6The elastic seat can be exemplarily constructed as follows: it includes a support shaft 11, a support plate 12, a spring 13, a bearing seat 14, and a first bearing 15. The support shaft 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the discrete box 1 along the width direction of the discrete channel. The support plate 12 is slidably mounted on the support shaft 11. The spring 13 is sleeved on the support shaft 11 and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discrete box 1 and the support plate 12. The upper and lower ends of the support plate 12 are each equipped with a bearing seat 14 with a first bearing 15. The two ends of the vertical discrete roller 5, which cooperates with the elastic seat 14, are provided with rotating shafts extending into the first bearing 15. When the corn passes through the gap between the two vertical discrete rollers 5, the vertical discrete rollers 5 squeeze the corn while receiving a supporting force from the corn. This supporting force widens the gap between the two vertical discrete rollers 5. At this time, the spring 13 is compressed to facilitate the passage of the corn. The deformation restoring force of the spring 13 also makes the vertical discrete roller 5 fit tightly against the corn, achieving the effects of squeezing and conveying.

[0047] See Figure 1 and Figure 7 The machine-air coupled threshing mechanism includes a horizontally placed threshing cylinder 6 with open ends. The inlet on the upper side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder 6 is connected to the outlet of the discrete channel through a connecting pipe 7. A vortex airflow generating mechanism that can generate vortex airflow is installed at one end of the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder 6. The other end of the threshing cylinder 6 is the end for blowing out broken corn cobs. An impact bar 8 is fixed on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder 6. After being squeezed and discrete, the corn that slides into the threshing cylinder 6 through the connecting pipe 7 is driven by the vortex airflow and impacts the impact bar 8 to thresh the corn kernels and separate the corn kernels from the broken corn cobs. A receiving trough 9 for corn kernels to enter is provided on the lower side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder 6.

[0048] The vortex airflow generated by the vortex airflow generator drives the loosened corn to collide randomly with the impact bar 7 in the threshing cylinder 6. This process, combined with the flexible discrete mechanism, achieves complete separation of corn kernels and corn cobs. However, the impact force of the vortex is not enough to break the corn kernels during this process.

[0049] In practical use, the corn ears entering the threshing cylinder 6 are driven by the vortex airflow generated by the fan 16 and formed by the blades 18, causing them to move randomly within the threshing cylinder 6. Impact rods 8 are arranged on the inner surface of the threshing cylinder 6, spirally arranged on the inner wall. The impact rods 8 can be rubber rods with flexible protrusions. The collision and friction between the corn and the rubber rods achieves the effect of threshing the corn. The corn kernels threshed in the channel fall into the receiving trough 9 at the bottom of the threshing cylinder 6. Under the combined action of wind and gravity, the corn kernels slide out of the channel along the receiving trough 12, while the broken corn cobs, being lighter, are carried out by the wind from the broken corn cob outlet of the threshing cylinder 6. This completes the entire threshing process.

[0050] The entire processing method couples the discrete and threshing processes to ensure threshing efficiency. At the same time, the corn is not excessively compressed during the threshing process, thus ensuring that the corn kernels are not easily broken, making it more suitable for threshing corn with high moisture content.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the vortex airflow generating mechanism can be implemented in the following way: it includes a fan 16 with its outlet facing the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder 6 and a vortex assembly located at one end of the outlet of the fan 16; the vortex assembly includes an outer support ring 17 and blades 18 distributed at equal angles along the central axis of the outer support ring 17. A second bearing 19 is installed on the inner wall of the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder 6, and the outer support ring 17 is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing 19. The fan 16 can specifically be an axial flow fan. The air supplied by the fan 16 first passes through the gaps between the blades 18. The blades 18 and the outer support ring 17 rotate within the second bearing 19 under the action of the wind force. At the same time, the airflow is also formed by the action of the rotating blades. The irregular wind force of the vortex airflow is conducive to driving the corn to collide with the impact rods 8 on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder 6.

[0052] See Figure 7 In the above embodiment, the receiving trough 9 is arranged along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder 6, and the bottom of the receiving trough 9 is inclined. The lower end of the receiving trough 9 is provided with a discharge opening. The width of the receiving trough 9 is smaller than the diameter of the corn cob and larger than the diameter of the corn kernel, so that the threshed corn kernels fall into it and slide out through the discharge opening, while the relatively large corn cob cannot fall into the receiving trough 9, thus avoiding the blockage of the receiving trough 9.

[0053] The parts not described in detail in this embodiment are existing technologies.

[0054] It should be noted that although the present invention has been described through the above embodiments, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obviously make various corresponding changes and modifications to the present invention, but all such changes and modifications should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device, characterized in that: Includes a frame and a flexible discrete mechanism and a pneumatic-mechanical coupling threshing mechanism mounted on the frame; The flexible discrete mechanism includes a discrete box (1), a feeding hopper (3) at one end of the discrete box (1), a conveying mechanism along its length inside the discrete box (1), two rows of discrete rollers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the conveying mechanism, a discrete channel formed between the two rows of discrete rollers, each row of discrete rollers includes a horizontal discrete roller (4) and a vertical discrete roller (5) that can rotate along its own axis, and the horizontal discrete roller (4) and the vertical discrete roller (5) on both sides of the conveying mechanism correspond to each other, a discrete roller driving component is provided at the bottom of the discrete box (1), the discrete roller driving component drives at least one row of discrete rollers to rotate actively along its own axis, and cooperates with another row of discrete rollers to squeeze and disperse the corn to be threshed in the discrete channel; The machine-air coupling threshing mechanism includes a horizontally placed threshing cylinder (6) with open ends. The inlet on the upper side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder (6) is connected to the outlet end of the discrete channel through a connecting pipe (7). One end of the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder (6) is equipped with a vortex airflow generating mechanism that can generate vortex airflow. The other end of the threshing cylinder (6) is the end for blowing out broken corn cobs. An impact bar (8) is fixed on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder (6). After being squeezed and discrete, the corn that slides into the threshing cylinder (6) through the connecting pipe (7) is driven by the vortex airflow and impacted by the impact bar (8) to thresh the corn kernels and separate the broken corn cobs. A receiving trough (9) for corn kernels to enter is set on the lower side of the circumference of the threshing cylinder (6).

2. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the horizontal discrete roller (4) and the vertical discrete roller (5) have protrusions on their circumferential surfaces.

3. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral guide strip (10) is fixed on the circumferential surface of the horizontal discrete roller (4).

4. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the two vertical discrete rollers (5) on opposite sides of the conveying mechanism can be compressed and adjusted.

5. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One of the two vertical discrete rollers (5) on opposite sides of the conveying mechanism is mounted on an elastic seat; The elastic seat includes a support shaft (11), a support plate (12), a spring (13), a bearing seat (14), and a first bearing (15). The support shaft (11) is fixed to the inner wall of the discrete box (1) along the width direction of the discrete channel. The support plate (12) is slidably disposed on the support shaft (11). The spring (13) is sleeved on the support shaft (11) and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the discrete box (1) and the support plate (12). The upper and lower ends of the support plate (12) are both equipped with bearing seats (14) with the first bearing (15). The two ends of the vertical discrete roller (5) that cooperates with the elastic seat are provided with rotating shafts extending into the first bearing (15).

6. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact rods (8) are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder (6).

7. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact rod (8) has protrusions.

8. A pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that: The protrusion is a flexible protrusion.

9. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vortex airflow generating mechanism includes a fan (16) with its air outlet facing the inner cavity of the threshing cylinder (6) and a vortex assembly located on one side of the air outlet of the fan (16); The vortex assembly includes an outer support ring (17) and blades (18) distributed at equal angles along the central axis of the outer support ring (17). A second bearing (19) is installed on the inner wall of the threshing cylinder (6), and the outer support ring (17) is fixed to the inner ring of the second bearing (19).

10. The pneumatic-mechanical coupled corn threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving trough (9) is arranged along the axial direction of the threshing cylinder (6), and the bottom of the receiving trough (9) is inclined. The lower end of the receiving trough (9) is provided with a discharge opening. The width of the receiving trough (9) is smaller than the diameter of the corn cob and larger than the diameter of the corn kernel.

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