A sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system, including an underwater observation network and an above-water observation network, wherein the underwater observation network includes a plurality of underwater nodes that are mutually communicated and connected and at least one surface buoy node that is communicated and connected with the underwater nodes; the above-water observation network includes a plurality of observation drones that are communicated and interconnected; the underwater observation network and the above-water observation network are connected through communication nodes, and the communication nodes are connected with a background server to form an observation cross-domain transmission system; the underwater observation network and the above-water observation network are both provided with a conversion module for converting the observation data into a unified transmission protocol standard before transmitting the data with the communication node. This application uses the conversion module and the communication node to interconnect the above-water observation network and the underwater observation network to form an observation data transmission system, unify the data transmission mode, improve the coverage of the observation data, and comprehensively provide above-water and underwater observation data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ocean observation, and in particular relates to a sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of marine and aerial operations, cross-domain sea-air networks have become a key technology for achieving effective communication. This type of network consists of underwater subnets and surface subnets. In order to make full use of resources, multiple different applications will share the same physical facilities. In this scenario, different data packets coexist in the same network, and differentiated transmission strategies are required to meet application requirements. However, due to the different transmission methods of existing underwater nodes and surface nodes, they are often unable to provide comprehensive observation services according to demand. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to make up for the defects caused by the different ways of transmitting ocean observation data, this application proposes a sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system. Its technical solution includes:

[0004] A sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system includes an underwater observation network and a surface observation network, wherein the underwater observation network includes a plurality of underwater nodes that are communicatively connected to each other and at least one surface buoy node that is communicatively connected to the underwater nodes; the surface observation network includes a plurality of observation drones that are communicatively interconnected; the underwater observation network and the surface observation network are connected via communication nodes, and the communication nodes are connected to a background server to form an observation cross-domain transmission system; the underwater observation network and the surface observation network are both provided with a conversion module for converting observation data into a unified transmission protocol standard before transmitting the data to the communication node.

[0005] Furthermore, the communication node is a drone / unmanned boat.

[0006] Furthermore, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network also include an interconnection verification process before transmitting data to the communication node, and the interconnection verification process includes: the communication node broadcasts a network request and a key; after receiving the key, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a response based on the key and send it back to the communication node; the communication node determines whether the response unit can be connected based on the response ciphertext, and if so, the encryption method and transmission format requirements are encapsulated and sent to the corresponding response unit, otherwise the communication node records the characteristics of the response unit and puts the response device into the blacklist; after receiving the encapsulated package, the response unit decrypts the encapsulated package to obtain the encryption method and data format requirements, and establishes an encrypted transmission channel with the communication node according to the encryption method and data format requirements to complete the interconnection verification.

[0007] Furthermore, the communication node includes a duty node and a substitute node, and the substitute node can work with the duty node when the duty node needs it, and the replacement process includes: the duty node makes an exchange request; the background server dispatches a substitute node according to the duty node exchange request, and sends the substitute node characteristics and verification information to the duty node; the duty node generates a verification ciphertext according to the verification information and sends it to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network; the underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a verification ciphertext according to the verification ciphertext; after the substitute node is in place, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send the verification ciphertext to the substitute node; if the substitute node correctly responds to the verification ciphertext, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send a communication handover request to the duty node, the duty node sends the corresponding encryption channel and data format requirements to the substitute node, the substitute node sends a transmission request to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network according to the corresponding encryption channel, after receiving the transmission request, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network establish a communication channel with the substitute node and send an end communication signal to the duty node, and the replacement of the duty node and the substitute node is completed.

[0008] Furthermore, the underwater nodes are interconnected and connected to the surface buoy nodes through underwater acoustic communication, and the surface buoy nodes are connected to the communication nodes wirelessly.

[0009] Furthermore, the observation drone communicates with each other and with the communication node via radio.

[0010] This application interconnects the above-water observation network and the underwater observation network to form an observation data transmission system through the cooperation of conversion modules and communication nodes, unifies the data transmission method, improves the coverage of observation data, and comprehensively provides above-water and underwater observation data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system for implementing the method of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a data transmission network architecture according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0015] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0016] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Combination Figure 1 , an implementation mode of the present application. A sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system includes an underwater observation network and an above-water observation network, wherein the underwater observation network includes a plurality of underwater nodes that are in communication with each other and at least one surface buoy node that is in communication with the underwater nodes; the above-water observation network includes a plurality of observation drones that are in communication with each other; the underwater observation network and the above-water observation network are connected through a communication node, and the communication node is connected to a background server to form an observation cross-domain transmission system; the underwater observation network and the above-water observation network are both provided with a conversion module for converting the observation data into a unified transmission protocol standard before transmitting the data with the communication node.

[0019] In the embodiment of the present application, the sea-air cross-domain network is a heterogeneous network composed of an above-water observation network network and an underwater observation network network. Due to the network compatibility and heterogeneous network interconnection problems, the design of sea-air cross-domain data transmission is of great significance. In addition, how to find a stable, efficient and reliable path from the sender to the receiver, the routing protocol design of the conversion protocol is the basis of sea-air cross-domain network data transmission, and it is also a hot topic of current research. The difficulty of the sea-air cross-domain network transmission conversion protocol lies in the particularity of its network structure and the diversity of network tasks. In order to cope with the particularity of the sea-air cross-domain network structure, the present invention combines the network function virtualization technology to establish a sea-air cross-domain network architecture. At the hardware level, each node of the present application realizes the interconnection and interoperability of the physical layer of the cross-domain network by supporting underwater acoustic communication and radio communication at the same time. At the software level, the pre-processing layer is added through the conversion module to shield the implementation details of the underlying network, and complete the extraction and delivery of the data packet content. The routing protocol of the conversion module of this embodiment designs a flexible forwarding factor calculation method, which can calculate different forwarding factors according to different task types, so that the node can quickly find the next hop node that best meets the task requirements when forwarding data in the face of different task types.

[0020] The specific working process of the task-oriented sea-air cross-domain network routing protocol in this embodiment is as follows: in the network initialization stage, the communication node can broadcast a beacon signal to create an initial path. After the surface buoy node receives the signal, it converts it into an underwater acoustic signal and then forwards the beacon packet to the underwater in maximum power mode. After receiving the beacon packet, the underwater node of the underwater observation network completes the initialization according to the information in the packet, updates the beacon packet information and forwards it until all underwater nodes have completed the initialization. In order to avoid repeated forwarding, all underwater nodes only forward the data packet once in a period of time. In the data forwarding stage, the present application can also specify a certain or a certain type of underwater node as a relay node according to different tasks. The designation method can be a preset forwarding rule or a preset algorithm to calculate the weight method. The forwarding rule, for example, specifies that a certain node or a certain type of node forwards a certain data packet according to the prefix of the data packet when receiving it, while other nodes choose not to forward it according to the prefix of the data packet. In the process of calculating the weight forwarding by the preset algorithm, since the routing proposed in this article needs to be task-oriented, different tasks need to consider different factors when selecting relay nodes. Assume that a certain node has multiple adjacent relay nodes, one of which is node i, and set is the forwarding factor between node i and relay node i. If the total number of factors to be considered when forwarding a task data packet is m, let is the weight of all factors, then the forwarding factor is It can be expressed as

[0021]

[0022] in, , is the normalized value of the corresponding factor.

[0023] The present invention temporarily considers three factors, namely, node energy efficiency, node residual energy and delay to the destination node, which can be obtained from the information of the network beacon packet. Therefore, the above formula can be expressed as

[0024]

[0025] in, , , They are the normalized values ​​of node energy efficiency, node residual energy, and delay to the sink node, respectively. The weight parameters satisfy .because The smaller the value of, the better the end-to-end delay performance, which is opposite to the change trend of the forwarding factor. After calculating the forwarding factor of each candidate relay node, the node with the largest forwarding factor is selected as the optimal relay node, that is,

[0026]

[0027] A task-oriented routing scheme can also be added to the preset algorithm calculation weight: adaptive power control technology can effectively reduce the redundant power of nodes during communication, improve energy efficiency, and extend the network life by taking into account low energy consumption and balanced energy consumption. The present invention incorporates this mechanism into the routing algorithm. Based on the task-oriented design concept, the present invention considers two types of tasks in the network, specifically including: emergency tasks, which may be emergency situations detected by the source node, such as signs before the arrival of natural disasters, pipeline leakage or enemy invasion, etc. The tasks require low transmission delay and high reliability. Conventional tasks, such tasks are conventional monitoring tasks, such as marine environment monitoring, submarine pipeline monitoring, etc. The tasks have low real-time requirements and can tolerate a certain degree of packet loss, but because they need to run for a long time, it is required to extend the network life cycle as much as possible. The preset algorithm using task weights is aimed at systems with both emergency task transmission requirements and conventional task transmission requirements in the network, such as the marine environment monitoring network with natural disaster (such as submarine earthquakes, tsunamis, etc.) early warning to improve the transmission efficiency of emergency tasks according to weights.

[0028] Based on the above embodiment, the communication node is a drone / unmanned boat.

[0029] On the basis of one or more of the above-mentioned embodiments, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network also include an interconnection verification process before transmitting data with the communication node, and the interconnection verification process includes: the communication node broadcasts a connection request and a key; after receiving the key, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a response based on the key and send it back to the communication node; the communication node determines whether the response unit can be connected based on the response ciphertext, and if so, the encryption method and transmission format requirements are encapsulated and sent to the corresponding response unit, otherwise the communication node records the characteristics of the response unit and puts the response device into the blacklist; after receiving the encapsulated package, the response unit decrypts the encapsulated package to obtain the encryption method and data format requirements, and establishes an encrypted transmission channel with the communication node according to the encryption method and data format requirements to complete the interconnection verification. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the outside world from invading the network of this system to steal or forge the observation data, the embodiment of this application designs a set of transmission verification processes to ensure that the surface observation network and the underwater observation network are both correct units, and to prevent other nodes or communication devices from mixing into this system to cause data interference. In this embodiment, the communication node broadcasts the networking request and key. After the correct unit receives the networking request and key, it can respond and interconnect with the communication node according to the key and the ciphertext stored in itself. The communication node then sends the independent encryption method and transmission format requirements to the corresponding node for verification to prevent the outside world from obtaining the transmission protocol format or mixing into this system.

[0030] Based on one or more of the above embodiments, the communication node includes a duty node and a substitute node, and the substitute node can work with the substitute node when the duty node needs it, and the replacement process includes: the duty node makes an exchange request; the background server dispatches a substitute node according to the duty node exchange request, and sends the substitute node characteristics and verification information to the duty node; the duty node generates a verification ciphertext according to the verification information and sends it to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network; the underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a verification ciphertext according to the verification ciphertext; after the substitute node is in place, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send the verification ciphertext to the substitute node; if the substitute node correctly responds to the verification ciphertext, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send a communication handover request to the duty node, and the duty node sends the corresponding encryption channel and data format requirements to the substitute node, and the substitute node sends a transmission request to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network according to the corresponding encryption channel. After receiving the transmission request, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network establish a communication channel with the substitute node and send an end communication signal to the duty node, and the replacement of the duty node and the substitute node is completed. In this embodiment, since most of the communication nodes are unmanned devices with limited self-sustaining capabilities, the communication nodes have duty cycle rotation or maintenance requirements. When the duty node and the substitute node of the communication node are exchanged, the water observation network and the underwater observation network need to re-recognize the characteristics of the substitute node, which gives a third party an opportunity to impersonate. In order to avoid a third party impersonating a communication node to mix into this system to steal or forge data, this embodiment adopts an independent verification method, that is, the duty node does not verify the authenticity of the substitute node, but the underwater observation network and the underwater observation network verify the authenticity of the substitute node through the verification information and feature information of the background server. In this embodiment, the duty node does not interact with the substitute node in the early stage. Only after the substitute node is verified by the underwater observation network and the underwater observation network, the encryption channel and the transmission data format requirements are transferred. In this embodiment, if the substitute node is not connected to the communication in the early stage, it must be verified by the underwater communication network and the water communication network before it can be connected to the communication, which improves the security of transmission. At the same time, the duty network only ends its duty when the underwater observation network and the water observation network send a communication end signal to ensure the stability of transmission during the replacement process.

[0031] Based on one or more of the above embodiments, the underwater node is interconnected and connected to the surface buoy node through underwater acoustic communication, and the surface buoy node is connected to the wireless point of the communication node. In this embodiment, the underwater node can be a device node with a sound generating unit and a listening unit, such as sonar, and multiple device nodes communicate with each other through underwater acoustic communication. The underwater acoustic communication in this embodiment can be directional communication, that is, the sound generating unit and the listening unit are oriented toward the corresponding underwater node to improve the transmission efficiency and transmission distance in this direction.

[0032] Based on one or more of the above embodiments, the observation drone communicates and is connected to the communication node by radio. In this embodiment, in order to improve the transmission efficiency, the space above the water surface adopts radio transmission.

[0033] Combination Figure 2 , a schematic diagram of the data transmission network architecture of the present application. The system in the present application can support hydroacoustic transmission and radio transmission of observation data. The radio application layer in the figure includes communication nodes, communication nodes and surface buoy nodes, communication nodes and background servers, communication nodes and water observation networks, etc. The hydroacoustic application layer includes underwater nodes and underwater nodes and surface buoy nodes, etc. On this basis, in order to improve the transmission efficiency of data, the present application, on the basis of the conversion module, transforms the network function based on dedicated hardware into a virtual network function running on general hardware, so as to separate the software implementation of the network function from the underlying hardware. Through the network function virtualization technology, it is possible to support differentiated communication applications on the same network infrastructure, that is, terminals in the network domain can run multiple types of applications. In terms of the actual use of the network, it is to transmit data between users. That is to say, in the communication process, users only care about the data content itself, and do not care about what strategy is used for transmission. In order to better support the communication between the water subnet and the underwater subnet, a medium conversion layer, that is, a conversion module, is set, and its main function is to realize the conversion of data packet formats between the underwater observation network and the water observation network. In short, the media conversion layer is responsible for stripping and reading the header information of the data packet in the atomic domain, extracting the content itself, and then encapsulating the header information and content into the data packet of the target protocol. Finally, the update data packet will be forwarded. By adding the media conversion layer, unified management of node data is achieved. In addition, it isolates the upper-layer application from the lower-layer transmission data. By adding the media conversion layer, the network realizes the conversion of data formats, and applies this method to different types of networks, so that communication between heterogeneous networks can be completed.

[0034] This application interconnects the above-water observation network and the underwater observation network to form an observation data transmission system through the cooperation of conversion modules and communication nodes, unifies the data transmission method, improves the coverage of observation data, and comprehensively provides above-water and underwater observation data.

[0035] This application unifies the resolution of observation images of observation equipment and networks them, allowing observers to achieve full or regional observation of the target sea area through means such as map zooming and moving. All image pixels presented to the user server are unified, and the sea conditions are clearly expressed, saving users time in obtaining and interpreting images from various observation equipment. Networked observation output improves the utilization efficiency of observation equipment and greatly facilitates marine observation procedures.

Claims

1. A sea-air cross-domain observation data transmission system, characterized in that: It includes an underwater observation network and an above-water observation network, wherein the underwater observation network includes a plurality of underwater nodes in communication with each other and at least one surface buoy node in communication with the underwater nodes; The above-water observation network includes a plurality of observation drones that are interconnected in communication; The underwater observation network and the surface observation network are connected via a communication node, and the communication node is connected to a background server to form an observation cross-domain transmission system; The underwater observation network and the above-water observation network are both provided with a conversion module for converting the observation data into a unified transmission protocol standard before transmitting the data with the communication node; The communication node includes a duty node and a substitute node. The substitute node can work with the duty node instead of the duty node when the duty node needs it. The replacement process includes: The on-duty node makes an exchange request; The backend server dispatches a substitute node according to the on-duty node exchange request, and sends the substitute node characteristics and verification information to the on-duty node; The on-duty node generates a verification ciphertext based on the verification information and sends it to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network; The underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a verification ciphertext based on the verification ciphertext After the substitute node is in place, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send a verification ciphertext to the substitute node; If the backup node responds to the verification ciphertext correctly, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network send a communication handover request to the on-duty node. The on-duty node sends the corresponding encryption channel and data format requirements to the substitute node. The substitute node sends a transmission request to the underwater observation network and the surface observation network according to the corresponding encryption channel. After receiving the transmission request, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network establish a communication channel with the substitute node and send an end-communication signal to the on-duty node. The replacement of the on-duty node and the substitute node is completed.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The communication node is a drone / unmanned boat.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that The underwater observation network and the surface observation network also include an interconnection verification process before transmitting data with the communication node. The interconnection verification process includes: The communication node broadcasts a connection request and key; After receiving the key, the underwater observation network and the surface observation network generate a response based on the key and send it back to the communication node; The communication node determines whether the response unit can be connected based on the response ciphertext. If yes, the encryption method and transmission format requirements are encapsulated and sent to the corresponding response unit. If no, the communication node records the characteristics of the response unit and puts the response unit into the blacklist. After receiving the encapsulated package, the response unit decrypts the encapsulated package to obtain the encryption method and data format requirements, and establishes an encrypted transmission channel with the communication node according to the encryption method and data format requirements to complete the interconnection verification.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The underwater nodes are interconnected and connected to the surface buoy nodes through underwater acoustic communication, and the surface buoy nodes are connected to the communication nodes wirelessly.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The observation drone communicates with each other and with the communication node via radio.

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