Display device, control method and voltage controller

Abstract

The present application provides a display device, a control method, and a voltage controller, relating to the field of optical technology. The display device includes: an electrorheological device, which is injected with an electrorheological material, wherein the refractive index of the electrorheological material is related to the electric field strength around the electrorheological material; a voltage controller, connected to the electrorheological device, for generating an electric field around the electrorheological material; a first lens, located at a first position on a first surface of the electrorheological device, the first position corresponding to the position of the user's left eye; a second lens, located at a second position on the first surface, the second position corresponding to the position of the user's right eye; and a display, located at a third position on the first surface. Based on this solution, the refractive index of the medium used for light refraction inside the display device can be adjusted, so that the user can obtain the virtual image as clearly as possible even in an environment with strong light intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of optical technology, and more particularly, to a display device, a control method, and a voltage controller. Background Art

[0002] Virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR) are emerging technologies that enable multimodal interaction between virtual worlds, digital objects, and people. In recent years, thanks to advances in image processing technology, VR and AR-related products and applications have become increasingly prevalent.

[0003] However, when using a VR display device or an AR display device, since the distance between the screen and the eyes is fixed, the focusing distance of the eyes also remains unchanged (i.e., focused on the screen), but the eyes still need to converge to overlap the images. When viewing objects at different distances in the virtual image, a convergence-focus conflict will occur. In addition, when the display device can receive ambient light outside the device, the light intensity of the external environment will also affect the presentation of the virtual image. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a display device, control method, and voltage controller capable of adjusting the refractive index of the medium used for light refraction within the display device, allowing users to capture virtual images as clearly as possible even in environments with high light intensity. Furthermore, the method can resolve the convergence-focus conflict issue that exists in near-eye display devices.

[0005] In a first aspect, a display device is provided, comprising: an electrorheological device injected with an electrorheological material, wherein the refractive index of the electrorheological material is related to the electric field strength around the electrorheological material; a voltage controller connected to the electrorheological device and configured to generate an electric field around the electrorheological material; a first lens located at a first position on a first surface of the electrorheological device, the first position corresponding to the position of a user's left eye; a second lens located at a second position on the first surface, the second position corresponding to the position of the user's right eye; and a display located at a third position on the first surface, the third position being between the first position and the second position.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electrorheological device further includes: a first substrate, located on the side of the electrorheological material facing away from the first surface; a second substrate, located on the side of the electrorheological material close to the first surface; the voltage controller includes: a first voltage terminal, connected to the first substrate; and a second voltage terminal, connected to the second substrate.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first lens and the second lens are metasurface lenses, and the first lens or the second lens includes: a substrate, the bottom surface of which is fixed to the first surface; a nanostructure layer, the nanostructure layer is fixed to the top surface of the substrate, the nanostructure layer including a nanostructure array composed of N nanopillar structures, the N nanopillar structures including a total of M structural morphologies, the structural morphology of the nanopillar structure is related to the refractive index of the nanopillar structure, N and M are greater than 1, and M is less than or equal to N.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the material of the substrate includes fused quartz, and the nanocolumn structure includes at least one of the following materials: silicon (Si), silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (SiN), tetrasilicon nitride (Si3N4), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and gallium nitride (GaN).

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the length of the nanocolumn structure is in the range of [300nm, 600nm], the width of the nanocolumn structure is in the range of [300nm, 600nm], and the height of the nanocolumn structure is in the range of [200nm, 400nm].

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the nanostructure array is used to diffract light waves from the display that propagate in the form of a first light wave to convert them into light waves that propagate in the form of a second light wave, so that the image corresponding to the light wave is presented on the retina of the left eye or the retina of the right eye.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first light wave form is a spherical wave, and the second light wave form is an approximate plane wave.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the electrorheological device, the first lens, and the second lens are made of transparent materials.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the above-mentioned display device also includes: a photosensor, which is used to obtain the light intensity of the environment where the display device is located, and the light intensity is used by the voltage controller to adjust the voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal.

[0014] In a second aspect, a control method is provided, which is applied to a display device in any possible implementation of the display device design of the first aspect above, the method comprising: responding to first voltage information, the first voltage information being used to indicate a first voltage value, adjusting the voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal of the voltage controller to the first voltage value.

[0015] In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, before responding to the first voltage information, first voltage information is received, where the first voltage information is indicated by a user.

[0016] In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, before responding to the first voltage information, the light intensity of the environment in which the display device is located is obtained, and the light intensity is related to the voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal; the first voltage information is determined based on the light intensity.

[0017] In a third aspect, a control device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are connected, wherein the memory is used to store program code, and the processor is used to call the program code to execute a method in any possible implementation mode of the method design of the second aspect above.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, a control device is provided, comprising a module or unit for executing the method in any possible implementation manner in the method design of the second aspect above.

[0019] In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, which is executed by a processor to implement the method in any possible implementation manner in the method design of the second aspect.

[0020] In a sixth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising instructions, which, when executed by a processor, enable a computer to execute a method in any possible implementation of the method design of the second aspect above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrorheological device 110 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first lens 130 or a second lens 140 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a nanostructure array applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 5 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a nanostructure layer 220 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the off-axis focusing principle of the first lens 130 or the second lens 140 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an operating mechanism of a display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 1 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 9 9 is a flow chart of a control method 900 proposed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 10 It is a flow chart of a control method 1000 proposed in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] The embodiments of the present application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features around a system including multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these solutions may also be used.

[0033] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0034] The business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0035] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: including the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", "vertical", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships that are defined relative to the orientations or positions of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative descriptions and clarifications, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They may change accordingly according to changes in the orientation of the components placed in the drawings, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present application.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components or parts. For identical parts in the embodiments of this application, only one of the parts or parts may be labeled with a reference numeral in the drawings as an example. It should be understood that the same reference numerals apply to the other identical parts or parts. In addition, the various parts in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and the sizes and dimensions of the parts shown in the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0039] VR and AR are emerging technologies that enable multimodal interaction between virtual worlds, digital objects, and people. VR can create an independent, virtual, artificial environment that replaces reality, allowing users to more easily immerse themselves in the virtual world. AR, on the other hand, can project digital input and virtual elements into the real physical environment, integrating and complementing them, thereby spatially enhancing the physical world.

[0040] Thanks to the rapid development of advanced optical components, micro-display technology and mobile computing platforms, VR / AR head-mounted displays (HMDs) have been proposed, enhancing users' three-dimensional visual experience.

[0041] However, when a user uses a VR or AR display device, the distance between the screen and the user's eyes is fixed, and the eye's focal distance remains unchanged (i.e., focused on the screen). However, the eyes still need to converge to overlap the images. This causes a convergence-focus conflict when viewing objects at different distances in the virtual image.

[0042] Among them, vergence refers to the process of rotating the line of sight of both eyes inward or outward to overlap the images seen by the two eyes into a single image. And accommodation is the process by which the eye changes its focal length by adjusting the shape of the lens in order to clearly see objects at different distances. In natural vision, vergence and accommodation work together, and they maintain a high degree of synchronization. However, when using VR or AR display devices, since the distance between the screen and the eyes is fixed, the focusing distance of the eyes remains unchanged (that is, focused on the screen), but the eyes still need to converge to overlap the images. When viewing objects of different distances in the virtual world, this mismatch between convergence and accommodation will lead to convergence-accommodation conflict.

[0043] In addition, when the display device can receive ambient light outside the device, the light intensity of the external environment will also affect the presentation effect of the virtual image. The light intensity incident on the user's eyes in the AR or VR display device for presenting the virtual image is usually constant, so when the light intensity of the external environment is strong, it will have a greater impact on the image received by the user's eyes.

[0044] In light of this, embodiments of the present application propose a display device that, by changing the refractive index of the light transmission medium, fully or partially reflects light incident from the display to the transmission medium and then enters the human eye. This allows for rapid switching between different display modes, while improving the visual quality of virtual images without affecting the human eye's ability to observe the external environment. Furthermore, this device can resolve the convergence-focus conflict issue that exists with near-eye display devices.

[0045] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the display device 100 includes:

[0047] The electrorheological device 110 is injected with an electrorheological material 115 , wherein the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 is related to the electric field strength around the electrorheological material 115 ;

[0048] a voltage controller 120 connected to the electrorheological device 110 and configured to generate an electric field around the electrorheological material 115;

[0049] The first lens 130 is located at a first position on the first surface of the electrorheological device 110 , where the first position corresponds to the position of the user's left eye;

[0050] The second lens 140 is located at a second position of the first surface, where the second position corresponds to the position of the user's right eye;

[0051] The display 150 is located at a third position on the first surface.

[0052] It should be understood that the above-mentioned electrorheological material refers to a material whose rheological properties (such as viscosity, shear stress, etc.) change significantly under the action of an external electric field. In the case where the material is a transparent or translucent material, the refractive index of the material will also change while the rheological properties of the material change. The embodiment of the present application is applied to the characteristic that the refractive index of the material changes with the magnitude of the applied electric field, and this characteristic change is rapid. The response time of the material characteristic change is usually in the millisecond order, and this characteristic change is reversible, that is, when the electric field around the material is withdrawn or reduced, the refractive index of the material can be restored to the state before the electric field is applied or increased.

[0053] In some possible embodiments, the electrorheological material 115 may be a liquid rheological material, also known as an electrorheological fluid. An electrorheological fluid typically comprises solid particles that can be polarized in an electric field and a base fluid. The solid particles may be inorganic compounds (such as metal oxides, metal salts, etc.), organic polymers, or composite materials. The base fluid is used to influence the material's sedimentation and viscosity in a zero electric field. Furthermore, additives may be incorporated into the electrorheological fluid to improve the material's stability and rheological properties.

[0054] It should be understood that the rheological properties of electrorheological fluids will change with the change of the external electric field. Figure 1As shown, when the voltage controller 120 does not apply a voltage to the electrorheological device 110, no external electric field is generated around the electrorheological material 115. At this time, the electrorheological material can exhibit the characteristics of a Newtonian fluid and have a first refractive index. When the voltage controller 120 applies a voltage to the electrorheological device 110, an external electric field is generated around the electrorheological material 115. At this time, the electrorheological material 115 can be described by the properties of a Bingham fluid and has a second refractive index that is not equal to the above-mentioned first refractive index. Moreover, when the intensity of the external electric field is high enough, the electrorheological material 115 will be converted into an "elastic solid". Based on the above description, it can be seen that this material property transformation is rapid, at the millisecond level.

[0055] By changing the intensity of the external electric field around the electrorheological material 115, the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 can be directly changed, so that the image light generated by the display 150 undergoes different degrees of light reflection or even total reflection in the electrorheological device 110, allowing different amounts of light to enter the human eye, realizing the switching of different display modes of the display device, and the brightness of the virtual image in different display modes is also different. Therefore, if the intensity of the light from the external environment of the display device received by the human eye is relatively high, the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 can be changed by changing the voltage applied to the electrorheological device 110 by the voltage controller 120, thereby causing more light used to form the virtual image to be reflected into the human eye, thereby reducing the adverse effects of the external environment light on the display effect of the virtual image.

[0056] For ease of understanding, the phenomenon of the above-mentioned light propagating in the material and undergoing total reflection or partial reflection is explained below.

[0057] When light is refracted while propagating through a material, there are two optical phenomena: total reflection and partial reflection.

[0058] Among them, total internal reflection, also known as total internal reflection, is a special optical phenomenon that occurs when light is incident from a denser medium (i.e., a medium with a larger refractive index) to an optically less dense medium (i.e., a medium with a smaller refractive index) at the interface. When the angle of incidence is greater than or equal to a certain angle (usually called the critical angle), all the light will be reflected back into the original medium without being refracted into the optically less dense medium.

[0059] Partial reflection refers to the phenomenon that when light is emitted from one medium to another, part of the light is reflected back to the original medium, while the other part of the light is refracted into the new medium. This phenomenon is a common phenomenon. When light is emitted from one medium to another, partial reflection will occur. The intensity and distribution of the light reflected back to the original medium depend on factors such as the angle of incidence, the refractive index of the two media, and the wavelength of light.

[0060] refer to Figure 1The light propagation path shown illustrates the partial reflection of light within the electrorheological material. However, the present embodiment modifies the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 to achieve the desired intensity and distribution of the light reflected back into the electrorheological material 115. Once the reflected light enters the human eye, it is refracted by the lens, and the corresponding virtual image is displayed on the retina, allowing the user to perceive the virtual image.

[0061] In some possible embodiments, the third position of the display 150 may be located between the first position and the second position, for example Figure 1 As shown, it is located between the first position and the second position; of course, when the display device 100 is designed as a different structure, the third position can also be adaptively adjusted.

[0062] Based on the above technical solution, by introducing an electrorheological device 110 into the display device, and the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 in the electrorheological device 110 can change with the intensity of the external electric field applied by the voltage controller 120, thereby achieving the regulation of the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115, thereby enabling the light emitted by the display 150 to be fully reflected or partially reflected to varying degrees in the electrorheological device 110, so that the human eye can receive light of different intensities and distributions, thereby presenting virtual images of different brightness on the retina of the human eye, improving the display effect of the virtual image without affecting the human eye's observation of the external environment. In particular, when the external light intensity received by the display device is large, the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 is increased, thereby allowing more light used to form the virtual image to be reflected into the human eye, thereby helping to reduce the adverse effects of the external environment light on the display effect of the virtual image. By achieving rapid switching of different display modes of the display device (corresponding to the different refractive indices of the electrorheological material 115), it is used to cope with application scenarios where the display device receives external light of different intensities, thereby increasing the applicability of the display device.

[0063] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrorheological device 110 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0064] In some possible embodiments, reference Figure 2 As shown, the electrorheological device 110 further includes a first substrate 111 located on a side of the electrorheological material 115 away from the first surface; and a second substrate 112 located on a side of the electrorheological material 115 close to the first surface.

[0065] In some possible embodiments, the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 are conductive substrates.

[0066] In some possible embodiments, reference Figure 2As shown, the voltage controller 120 includes: a first voltage terminal 121 connected to the first substrate 111 ; and a second voltage terminal 122 connected to the second substrate 112 .

[0067] In some possible embodiments, considering that the electrorheological material 115 is in a liquid state under normal conditions and the shape of the electrorheological material 115 is not fixed, the electrorheological device 110 may further include a transparent shell for fixing the shape of the electrorheological material 115, so that the electrorheological material 115 is sandwiched between the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 in a fixed shape.

[0068] Based on the above technical solution, the electrorheological material 115 is sandwiched between two conductive substrates through a dual-substrate architecture, and the two voltage terminals of the voltage controller 120 are correspondingly connected to the two conductive substrates, so that a corresponding electric field can be formed between the two conductive substrates, thereby uniformly changing the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven brightness of the virtual image caused by the uneven refractive index of the electrorheological material 115.

[0069] In some possible embodiments, the first lens 130 and the second lens 140 are metasurface lenses, which can realize the function of transmissive off-axis metalens focusing, referred to as off-axis focusing function.

[0070] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first lens 130 or a second lens 140 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, reference Figure 3 As shown, the first lens 130 or the second lens 140 includes:

[0072] a base 210, wherein the bottom surface of the base 210 is fixed to the first surface;

[0073] A nanostructure layer 220 is fixed to the top surface of the substrate 210. The nanostructure layer 220 includes a nanostructure array composed of N nanocolumn structures 221. The N nanocolumn structures 221 include a total of M structural forms. The structural form of the nanocolumn structure 221 is related to the refractive index of the nanocolumn structure 221. N and M are greater than 1, and M is less than or equal to N.

[0074] In some possible embodiments, the first lens 130 and the second lens 140 may be manufactured using a hard mask etching process.

[0075] In some possible embodiments, the substrate 210 is made of fused quartz.

[0076] In some possible embodiments, the nanorod structure 221 includes at least one of the following materials: Si, SiO 2 , SiN, Si 3 N 4 , TiO 2 , and GaN.

[0077] In some possible embodiments, the nanorod structure 221 may be a cylindrical structure, or a column structure of other shapes, such as a square column, a rectangular column, or a column with other cross-sectional shapes.

[0078] In some possible embodiments, the length of the nanorod structure 221 may be in the range of [300 nm, 600 nm], the width of the nanorod structure 221 may be in the range of [300 nm, 600 nm], and the height of the nanorod structure 221 may be in the range of [200 nm, 400 nm].

[0079] Since the above-mentioned nanocolumn structure 221 is usually a cylindrical structure, the geometric parameters of the nanocolumn structure can also be characterized by the diameter, that is, the diameter of the above-mentioned nanocolumn structure 221 can be in the range of [300nm, 600nm], and the height of the nanocolumn structure 221 can be in the range of [200nm, 400nm]. These two geometric parameter characterization methods of the nanocolumn structure can be equivalently replaced.

[0080] Based on the above technical solution, the first lens 130 and the second lens 140 are set as metasurface lenses, so that the first lens 130 and the second lens 140 can achieve off-axis focusing function, so that the virtual image can be directly imaged on the retina of the user's left eye and the retina of the right eye, respectively, thereby avoiding the convergence-focus conflict problem existing in near-eye display devices.

[0081] Typically, in a metasurface lens used in an AR display device or a VR display device, the structural form of the nanostructure array provided in the metasurface lens usually has only one structural form combination, that is, the above-mentioned M=1.

[0082] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the nanostructure array applicable to the embodiment of the present application.

[0083] refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 For top view, Figure 4 The structural morphologies of four nanopillar structures are shown. Figure 4 Taking (a) in the figure as an example, the nanocolumn structure in the figure is represented by the shaded part and the blank part, where the shaded part is used to represent the solid part of the nanocolumn structure, which can be understood as a microlens, and the blank part is used to represent the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure. The size, shape and distribution position of the hollow part affect the refractive index and refraction direction of the nanocolumn structure to light.

[0084] The structural morphology of the nanopillar structure mentioned above refers to the size and shape of the hollow part in the nanopillar structure. Figure 4 (a) is cut from at least a portion of the complete nanostructure array, which is a 4×4 subarray. Although the structural form of the 16 nanopillar structures in this example is one, that is, the hollow part is a circular structure, the distribution position of the hollow part of the nanopillar structure can be multiple, for example, Figure 4 As shown in (a), the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure in the first column is located on the left side of the nanocolumn structure, the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure in the second column is located on the upper side of the nanocolumn structure, the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure in the third column is located on the right side of the nanocolumn structure, and the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure in the fourth column is located on the lower side of the nanocolumn structure.

[0085] refer to Figure 4 As shown in (b), in the 4×4 sub-array, the hollow part of the nanopillar structure is a circular structure, and the hollow part of the nanopillar structure is located at the center of the nanopillar structure. Therefore, the nanopillar structure in this sub-array not only includes only one structural form, but also the hollow part of the nanopillar structure has only one distribution position.

[0086] refer to Figure 4 As shown in (c), in the 4×4 sub-array, the hollow part of the nanopillar structure is in the form of an elliptical structure, and the major axis of the elliptical structure is equal to the diameter of the nanopillar structure. Although the hollow parts of the nanopillar structure are all distributed in the center of the nanopillar structure, the inclination angles of the major axes of the elliptical structures presented by the hollow parts are different. The major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow parts of the nanopillar structures in the first column is parallel to the first direction (i.e., the vertical direction in the figure), the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow parts of the nanopillar structures in the second column is parallel to the second direction (i.e., the horizontal direction in the figure), the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow parts of the nanopillar structures in the third column is parallel to the third direction (i.e., the direction tilted to the right in the figure), and the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow parts of the nanopillar structures in the first column is parallel to the first direction (i.e., the direction tilted to the left in the figure).

[0087] refer to Figure 4As shown in (d), in the 4×4 sub-array, the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure also has an elliptical structure, but the major axis of the elliptical structure is smaller than the diameter of the nanopillar structure. The hollow portion of the nanopillar structure can be distributed in multiple locations, and the inclination angle of the major axis of the elliptical structure presented by the hollow portion can also be different. The center of the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the first column is located on the upper side of the nanopillar structure, and the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the first column is parallel to the first direction (i.e., the vertical direction in the figure). The center of the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the second column is located on the right side of the nanopillar structure, and the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the second column is parallel to the fourth direction. The center of the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the third column is located on the left side of the nanopillar structure, and the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the third column is parallel to the third direction. The center of the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the fourth column is located on the lower side of the nanopillar structure, and the major axis of the ellipse presented by the hollow portion of the nanopillar structure in the fourth column is parallel to the first direction.

[0088] It should be understood that when the structural form of the above-mentioned nanorod structure is one, that is, when M=1, there are many other forms of array configuration of the nanostructure array, which are not listed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0089] In some possible embodiments, the structural forms of the multiple nanocolumn structures 221 in the nanostructure layer 220 proposed in the embodiments of the present application can also be multiple, that is, the above-mentioned M is greater than 1. For the metasurface lens under this structural design, relative to the metasurface lens with M=1, the combination of nanocolumn structures 221 with different structural forms can make the phase provided by the nanostructure layer 220 gradually accumulate and increase, and can also reduce the linear dispersion effect of the structure, and achieve full phase coverage in an ultra-wide spectral range, thereby improving the light control ability of the display device 100.

[0090] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a nanostructure layer 220 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0091] In some possible embodiments, reference Figure 5 As shown, the nanostructure layer 220 adopts Figure 4 In the example, the four structural forms of the nanopillar structures are greater than 1 in each column. For example, the first column has 4 structural forms, the second column has 3 structural forms, the third column has 3 structural forms, and the fourth column has 4 structural forms. Figure 5It is only an example of a structural morphology combination of a nanocolumn structure. The structural morphology combination of the nanocolumn structure used in practical applications, the size of the nanocolumn structure, the distribution position of the hollow part of the nanocolumn structure, and the distance between adjacent nanocolumn arrays in the nanocolumn array can be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present application do not list them in detail.

[0092] In some possible embodiments, when the first array pattern formed by the overall structural morphology of the nanopillar structures in the nanostructure array of the first lens 130 is an aligned pattern, the nanostructure arrays of the first lens 130 and the second lens 140 are identical; when the first array pattern formed by the overall structural morphology of the nanopillar structures in the nanostructure array of the first lens 130 is a non-aligned pattern, the arrangement of the N nanopillar structures in the second lens 140 is consistent with the arrangement of the N nanopillar structures in the first lens 130, but the second array pattern formed by the overall structural morphology of the nanopillar structures in the nanostructure array of the second lens 140 may be bilaterally symmetrical with the first array pattern.

[0093] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the off-axis focusing principle of the first lens 130 or the second lens 140 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0094] refer to Figure 6 As shown, the nanostructure array of the nanostructure layer 220 included in the first lens 130 or the second lens 140 is composed of a combination of nanocolumn structures 221 with multiple different structural morphologies.

[0095] In some possible embodiments, the nanostructure array is used to diffract and collimate light waves from the display 150 that propagate in the form of a first light wave to convert them into light waves that propagate in the form of a second light wave, so that the image corresponding to the light wave appears on the retina of the left eye or the retina of the right eye.

[0096] In some possible embodiments, light waves include multiple propagation forms, such as plane light waves, spherical light waves, approximately plane waves, cylindrical light waves, etc.

[0097] In some possible embodiments, the first light wave form is a spherical wave, and the second light wave form is an approximate plane wave.

[0098] In some possible embodiments, the composition of the nanostructure array of the first lens 130 or the second lens 140 may be adaptively adjusted according to the propagation form of the input light wave.

[0099] Regarding the first lens 130, the image light waves generated by the display 150 are incident on the electrorheological device 110, reflected, and perpendicularly incident on the first lens 130. It should be understood that during the manufacturing process of the display device 100, by adjusting the position and angle of the display 150 and the first lens 130, the reflected light can be perpendicularly incident on the first lens 130. Then, the nanorod structure 221 of the first lens 130 diffracts and collimates the perpendicularly incident spherical wave through the resonance effect, converting it into an outgoing approximately plane wave.

[0100] The phase distribution of the diffracted light by the first lens 130 satisfies the parameter relationship shown in the following formula (1).

[0101]

[0102] Wherein, (x1, y1, z1) is used to represent the coordinates of any point on the nanostructure array of the first lens 130, f1 is used to represent the focal length of the first lens 130, λ1 is used to represent the wavelength of the incident light, and (x1′, y1′, z1′) is used to represent the focal coordinates of the focused light beam on the focal plane corresponding to the first lens 130.

[0103] Similarly, for the second lens 140 , the nanorod structure 221 of the second lens 140 can also diffract and collimate the vertically incident spherical wave through the resonance effect, and convert it into an outgoing approximate plane wave.

[0104] The phase distribution of the diffracted light by the second lens 140 satisfies the parameter relationship shown in the following formula (2).

[0105]

[0106] Wherein, (x2, y2, z2) is used to represent the coordinates of any point on the nanostructure array of the second lens 140, f2 is used to represent the focal length of the second lens 140, λ2 is used to represent the wavelength of the incident light, and (x′2, y′2, z′2) is used to represent the focal coordinates of the focused light beam on the focal plane corresponding to the second lens 140.

[0107] It should be understood that the geometric parameters and structural morphology of the nanorod structure 221 can be adjusted according to the phase plane distribution designed above, so as to adjust the transmission phase and geometric phase to match the focusing phase plane corresponding to the lens. The final light transmission result can be referred to Figure 1As shown, the first lens 130 can ensure that the light from the display 150 is focused by the lens of the left eye and formed on the left retina, while the second lens 140 can ensure that the light from the display 150 is focused by the lens of the right eye and formed on the right retina. Transmission phase refers to the phase difference caused by the different propagation distances of light waves when passing through a medium, and geometric phase refers to the additional phase caused by light waves undergoing spatial mode changes (such as polarization state conversion).

[0108] Based on the above technical solution, an array of nanopillar structures 221 having a structural morphology is provided in the nanostructure layer 220, so that the phase provided by the nanostructure layer 220 gradually accumulates and increases, and the linear dispersion effect of the structure is also reduced, achieving full phase coverage over an ultra-wide spectral range, thereby improving the light control capabilities of the display device 100. Through the precise light field control and off-axis focusing capabilities of the display device 100, the virtual image can be imaged directly on the human eye's retina, thereby reducing the adjustment burden of the visual system and improving the user's visual experience.

[0109] In some possible embodiments, the display 150 may be liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), organic light emitting diode (OLED), micro light emitting diode (Micro-LED), laser beam scanning (LBS), etc.

[0110] In some possible embodiments, the electrorheological device 110 , the first lens 130 , and the second lens 140 are made of transparent materials. Based on this solution, the display device 100 can receive ambient light.

[0111] For ease of understanding, the operating mechanism of the display device 100 proposed in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below through three examples.

[0112] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of a display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0113] refer to Figure 7 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1 , in this scenario, display 150 is in an inactive state. Accordingly, voltage controller 120 does not need to operate. Electrorheological material 115 in electrorheological device 110 is in a fluid state, corresponding to a low refractive index. At this point, ambient light waves can be directly captured by the human eye through electrorheological device 110, but the human eye will not receive the virtual image output by display 150.

[0114] refer to Figure 7 As shown in (b) in the figure, in this scenario, the display 150 is in operation and the voltage controller 120 is also in operation. As the intensity of the light waves in the external environment gradually increases, the voltage value output by the voltage controller 120 can be adaptively adjusted. At this time, the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 in the electrorheological device 110 also gradually increases. Since the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 has not reached its maximum value at this time, a portion of the light emitted by the display 150 will leak from the electrorheological device 110 to the side close to the external environment and dissipate, while the other portion of the light emitted by the display 150 is reflected toward the first lens 130 and the second lens 140. Among them, the light passing through the first lens 130 will be focused on the lens of the left eye and eventually imaged on the retina of the left eye. Similarly, the light passing through the second lens 140 will be focused on the lens of the right eye and eventually imaged on the retina of the right eye. At this time, the external ambient light waves can still be directly captured by the human eye through the electrorheological device 110. The human eye can simultaneously receive the light of the virtual image generated by the display 150 and the external ambient light, thereby realizing the enhanced display function. The voltage controller 120 can adjust the intensity of the light wave reflected in the electrorheological device 110 by adjusting the voltage, thereby further adjusting the brightness of the light corresponding to the virtual image entering the human eye.

[0115] refer to Figure 7 As shown in (c), in this scenario, when the display 150 is in operation, the voltage controller 120 is also in operation, and the output voltage value reaches the maximum value. At this time, the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 in the electrorheological device 110 also reaches the maximum value. According to the principle of total reflection, most of the light from the display 150 in the electrorheological device 110 will be totally reflected at the interface close to the external environment, thereby greatly reducing light dissipation. The light passing through the first lens 130 will be focused on the lens of the left eye and eventually imaged on the retina of the left eye. Similarly, the light passing through the second lens 140 will be focused on the lens of the right eye and eventually imaged on the retina of the right eye. At this time, the brightness of the virtual image presented on the human eye's retina reaches the maximum, and the light waves of the external environment can still be directly captured by the human eye through the electrorheological device 110. At this time, the human eye can simultaneously receive the light corresponding to the virtual image with the highest brightness generated by the display 150 and the external ambient light, thereby achieving the function of enhanced display.

[0116] Figure 8 1 is a structural diagram of another display device 100 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0117] In some possible embodiments, compared to Figure 1 The display device 100 shown, Figure 8 The display device 100 shown further includes:

[0118] The light sensor 160 is used to obtain the light intensity of the environment where the display device 100 is located. The light intensity is used by the voltage controller 120 to adjust the voltage value between the first voltage terminal 121 and the second voltage terminal 122.

[0119] In some possible embodiments, the stronger the light intensity in the environment where the display device 100 is located, the greater the voltage value between the first voltage terminal 121 and the second voltage terminal 122 , so that the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115 increases.

[0120] In some possible embodiments, a wired or wireless connection can be established between the above-mentioned photosensor 160 and the voltage controller 120, so that the voltage controller 120 can directly obtain the light intensity of the environment collected by the photosensor 160, and then adjust the output voltage value based on the light intensity.

[0121] Based on the above technical solution, by setting a photosensor 160 in the display device 100, the display device 100 can obtain the light intensity of the environment in which the display device 100 is located, and can adaptively adjust the voltage applied to the electrorheological device 110 by the voltage controller 120 as the light intensity of the environment changes, thereby adaptively adjusting the refractive index of the electrorheological material 115. The entire process does not require the user to manually adjust the voltage controller 120, thereby improving the user experience.

[0122] In addition, the embodiment of the present application further proposes a control method for the display device 100 proposed above, so as to adjust the voltage value output by the voltage controller 120 .

[0123] Figure 9 It is a flow chart of a control method 900 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0124] The method 900 is applicable to the above Figure 1 The display device 100 shown, the method 900 includes the following steps:

[0125] S910: Receive first voltage information, where the first voltage information is used to indicate a first voltage value, and the first voltage information is indicated by a user.

[0126] In some possible embodiments, the first voltage information may be indicated by a user to the display device 100 via a terminal controller, and the terminal controller may establish a wired connection or a wireless connection with the display device 100 .

[0127] S920: In response to the first voltage information, adjust the voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal of the voltage controller to a first voltage value.

[0128] Figure 10 It is a flow chart of a control method 1000 proposed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0129] The method 1000 is applicable to the above Figure 8 The display device 100 shown, i.e., the display device 100 including the light sensor 160, the method 1000 includes the following steps:

[0130] S1010: Acquire light intensity of an environment where the display device is located, where the light intensity is related to a voltage value between a first voltage terminal and a second voltage terminal.

[0131] It should be understood that the above light intensity can be obtained by the above photosensor 160.

[0132] S1020: Determine first voltage information according to the light intensity, where the first voltage information is used to indicate a first voltage value.

[0133] In some possible embodiments, the correlation between the light intensity and the voltage value may be determined in advance through experiments and stored in the display device 100 . When executing S1020 , the correlation may be called.

[0134] S1030: In response to the first voltage information, adjust the voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal of the voltage controller to a first voltage value.

[0135] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application also proposes a control device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are connected, wherein the memory is used to store program code, and the processor is used to call the program code to execute the above-mentioned control method 900 or control method 1000.

[0136] In some possible embodiments, the control device may be integrated into the voltage controller 120 .

[0137] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0138] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0139] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0140] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0141] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0142] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0143] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A display device (100), characterized in that: include: An electrorheological device (110) is injected with an electrorheological material (115), wherein the refractive index of the electrorheological material (115) is related to the electric field intensity around the electrorheological material (115); a voltage controller (120), connected to the electrorheological device (110), and configured to generate an electric field around the electrorheological material (115); a first lens (130) located at a first position on a first surface of the electrorheological device (110), the first position corresponding to a position of a user's left eye; a second lens (140) located at a second position on the first surface, the second position corresponding to a position of a user's right eye; a display (150) located at a third position on the first surface; The electrorheological device (110) further comprises: a first substrate (111) located on a side of the electrorheological material (115) facing away from the first surface; and a second substrate (112) located on a side of the electrorheological material (115) close to the first surface. The voltage controller (120) comprises: a first voltage terminal (121) connected to the first substrate (111); and a second voltage terminal (122) connected to the second substrate (112).

2. The display device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The first lens (130) and the second lens (140) are metasurface lenses, and the first lens (130) or the second lens (140) comprises: a base (210), wherein the bottom surface of the base (210) is fixed to the first surface; A nanostructure layer (220) is fixed to the top surface of the substrate (210), the nanostructure layer (220) includes a nanostructure array composed of N nanocolumn structures (221), the N nanocolumn structures (221) include a total of M types of structural morphologies, the structural morphologies of the nanocolumn structures (221) are related to the refractive index of the nanocolumn structures (221), the N and the M are greater than 1, and the M is less than or equal to the N.

3. The display device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The material of the substrate (210) includes fused quartz, and the nanorod structure (221) includes at least one of the following materials: silicon (Si), silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (SiN), tetrasilicon nitride (Si3N4), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and gallium nitride (GaN).

4. The display device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The length of the nanocolumn structure (221) is within the range of [300nm, 600nm], the width of the nanocolumn structure (221) is within the range of [300nm, 600nm], and the height of the nanocolumn structure (221) is within the range of [200nm, 400nm].

5. The display device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The nanostructure array is used to diffract the light waves propagating in the form of a first light wave from the display (150) to convert them into light waves propagating in the form of a second light wave, so that the image corresponding to the light wave appears on the retina of the left eye or the retina of the right eye.

6. The display device (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that The first light wave form is a spherical wave, and the second light wave form is an approximately plane wave.

7. The display device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The electrorheological device (110), the first lens (130) and the second lens (140) are made of transparent materials.

8. The display device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The display device (100) further includes: A light sensor (160) is used to obtain the light intensity of the environment in which the display device (100) is located, and the light intensity is used by the voltage controller (120) to adjust the voltage value between the first voltage terminal (121) and the second voltage terminal (122).

9. A control method, characterized in that: A voltage controller (120) applied to a display device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising: In response to first voltage information, the first voltage information is used to indicate a first voltage value, and a voltage value between a first voltage terminal and a second voltage terminal of the voltage controller is adjusted to the first voltage value.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before responding to the first voltage information, the method further includes: The first voltage information is received, where the first voltage information is indicated by a user.

11. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Before responding to the first voltage information, the method further includes: Acquire a light intensity of an environment where the display device is located, where the light intensity is related to a voltage value between the first voltage terminal and the second voltage terminal; The first voltage information is determined according to the light intensity.

12. A voltage controller, characterized in that: The system comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are connected, wherein the memory is used to store program code, and the processor is used to call the program code to execute the method according to any one of claims 9 to 11.

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