A montana dehulling and harvesting device

Abstract

The application discloses a Idesia chinensis threshing and harvesting device, which comprises an outer cylinder support and an inner cylinder support, a speed reducer motor is installed on the outer cylinder support, a clamping mechanism is installed on the top of the outer cylinder support, the inner cylinder support is below the clamping mechanism, the inner cylinder support is located inside the outer cylinder support and moves up and down relative to the outer cylinder support under the driving of the speed reducer motor, a comb plate (1) is installed on the inner cylinder support, the comb plate (1) is driven by a steering gear (204) to turn inward to be horizontal during operation, and the comb plate (1) is driven by the steering gear (204) to turn to be vertical at the end of operation. The application can realize integrated picking of Idesia chinensis during picking, saves a large amount of manpower and cost, can ensure that Idesia chinensis is picked in the best picking period, does not cause loss of the value of the fruits themselves, and effectively improves work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a fruit harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] The mountain tung tree, also known as the mountain parasol tree, half-frost red, and oil grape, grows in deciduous broad-leaved forests and mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests on mountain slopes and in valleys in low mountainous areas at altitudes of 400-2500 meters. It is usually concentrated in mountainous areas at altitudes of 900 meters (south of the Qinling Mountains) to 1400 meters (southwest China). Its fruit is rich in linoleic acid, linolenic acid, unsaturated fatty acids and other trace elements, which can effectively improve human blood lipids and thrombosis. It is a pure natural woody edible oil and is known as the "oil depot on the tree". Due to its special growing environment, many traditional harvesting devices are not suitable. In addition, its growing environment has a large slope and is extremely uneven. If a tracked vehicle is used to carry the harvesting device, it will result in a high center of gravity and is very easy to tip over. Therefore, only a manual harvesting device can be designed.

[0003] The height of the *Vernicia fordii* tree is 8-12 meters, while artificially planted seedlings are about 3-4 meters tall. It often grows mixed with coniferous and broad-leaved trees such as *Symplocos edulis*, *Elaeocarpus decipiens*, *Pinus thunbergii*, and pine trees. It is commonly found growing on slopes, making it difficult to harvest mechanically. Historically, harvesting has relied solely on manual labor. Workers can only use ladders and other tools to cut the berries in clusters before further processing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Furthermore, due to the terrain, some berries that are difficult to reach at higher elevations cannot be harvested manually, resulting in significant resource waste. After harvesting, a large number of workers are needed to manually strip the berries for further processing, which leads to a high rate of berry breakage and requires substantial time and economic investment.

[0004] Traditional harvesting methods often miss the optimal harvesting time, significantly reducing the value of some tung oil berries. Furthermore, prolonged harvesting increases costs. Additionally, the terrain and growing environment of the fruit make harvesting difficult, requiring substantial investment and hindering efficiency. Therefore, tung oil berry growers and research institutions alike are eager to develop lightweight, labor-saving equipment to replace manual harvesting and meet the demands of large-scale harvesting. Designing a lightweight, labor-saving device suitable for the harvesting environment is therefore crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated threshing and harvesting device for *Vernicia fordii* berries, which can replace manual harvesting, improve work efficiency, reduce harvesting costs, and fill the gap in existing technology. Considering the clustered growth characteristics of *Vernicia fordii* berries and the relatively low degree of squeezing and collision between berries, compared to brush roller harvesting and whole-cluster shearing methods, the comb-brush method has a lower breakage rate and a relatively higher picking rate. This improves threshing efficiency and ensures threshing quality while saving significant labor input. Therefore, a comb plate is designed for comb-brush harvesting.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0007] A threshing and harvesting device for *Vernicia fordii* includes an outer cylinder support and an inner cylinder support. A geared motor is installed on the outer cylinder support, and a clamping mechanism is installed on the top of the outer cylinder support. The inner cylinder support is located below the clamping mechanism and is located inside the outer cylinder support. Under the drive of the geared motor, the inner cylinder support moves up and down relative to the outer cylinder support. A comb plate 1 is installed on the inner cylinder support. During operation, the comb plate 1 is driven by a servo motor 204 to flip inward to a horizontal position. When the operation is finished, the comb plate 1 is driven by the servo motor 204 to flip back to a vertical position.

[0008] The clamping mechanism consists of two clamping plates 101 mounted on two lead screws 102. The two ends of the lead screws 102 are mounted in the bearing seats 103 at the top of the outer cylinder support. The lead screw nuts 104 on the clamping plates 101 cooperate with the lead screws 102 and drive the lead screws 102 to rotate through a motor.

[0009] Both the outer cylinder support and the inner cylinder support are hexahedral frame structures. A belt and synchronous pulleys 3 at both ends are installed on the column of the outer cylinder support. A slider 302 is fixed on the belt and the slider 302 is connected to the column of the inner cylinder support. The synchronous pulleys 5 are driven by a geared motor.

[0010] A track 303 is installed on the inner side of the column of the outer cylinder support. A slider 302 is on the track 303. The slider 302 is connected to the inner cylinder support through a fixing plate 301.

[0011] Bearing supports 207 are installed on the inner side of the four columns of the inner cylinder support. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the comb plate 1 are installed in the bearing supports 207 of the two adjacent columns. A driven gear 201 is installed on the neck of one side of the rotating shaft of the comb plate 1. The driven gear 201 and the rack 5 cooperate. The rack 5 is installed on the slide rail on the side of the column of the inner cylinder support. A servo motor 204 is installed on the inner cylinder support. The drive gear 4 at the output end of the servo motor 204 cooperates with the rack 5.

[0012] There are two comb plates 1 on each of the left and right sides of the inner cylinder support, for a total of four comb plates 1.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0014] This invention enables integrated harvesting of tung oil trees, significantly saving manpower and costs. It ensures that the trees are harvested during their optimal harvesting period, preventing the loss of the fruit's intrinsic value. For fruit farmers, threshing and harvesting can generate double or even higher economic income compared to selling whole bunches. At the same time, it effectively improves work efficiency. The harvesting efficiency of the integrated threshing and harvesting device is approximately five times that of manual harvesting. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an integrated tung oil berry harvesting device.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the comb plate flipping structure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping device structure and operation.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the inner and outer cylinders.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] This design is a threshing and harvesting device for *Vernicia fordii* berries. The main working steps are three: 1. Clamping the main stem of a single bunch of *Vernicia fordii* berries; 2. Simultaneously rotating two rows of comb plates; 3. The inner cylinder drives the two rows of comb plates to move downwards relative to the outer cylinder to achieve combing. Detailed explanations are as follows:

[0022] First, the clamping plate 101, with a rubber-coated surface and horizontally arranged teeth, is driven by a motor mounted on the outer cylinder support to perform an opening and closing clamping action, such as... Figure 3 As shown, specifically: the motor rotates, driving the trapezoidal lead screw 102 with forward and reverse teeth fixed by a coupling. The bidirectional reciprocating lead screw nut 104 mounted on the clamping plate 101 drives the clamping plate 101 to perform a clamping action. The forward and reverse rotation of the motor achieves the opening and closing of the clamping plate 101 respectively. After the clamping action is completed, two servo motors 204 arranged on the crossbeam at the lower part of the inner cylinder support begin to operate. A drive gear 4 is fastened to the output shaft of the servo motor 204. This gear meshes with the rack 5 on its adjacent side. The rack 5 is mounted on the slide rail on the column of the inner cylinder support. The rotation of the drive gear 4 realizes the up and down reciprocating motion of the rack 5. Figure 2 , 5As shown, simultaneously, the rack 5 meshes with the driven gears 201 mounted on the rotating shafts of the four comb plates 1 on the inner cylinder support. Therefore, when the rack 5 moves up and down reciprocatingly, the gears on the four comb plates begin to rotate synchronously, which is the synchronous movement of the four comb plates. After rotating a predetermined angle, the original vertical state changes to a horizontal state ready for combing. The comb plate 1 is similar to a relatively large comb structure, with a rotating shaft on the back.

[0023] Once the entire assembly enters the combing / scraping state, the geared motor installed on the outside of the outer cylinder support begins to drive the synchronous pulleys 5 at both ends of the column through the transmission shaft 3 at the bottom. A belt is installed between the two synchronous pulleys 5, and the belt is engaged and fixed with the connecting piece. The connecting piece is fixedly installed on the slider 302, and the slider 302 is connected to the slide rail 303 on the column of the outer cylinder support. When the belt is driven, the connecting piece and the slider 302 can slide on the slide rail 302. The slider 302 is connected to the inner cylinder support through the fixing plate 301. Therefore, during the combing / scraping process, the inner cylinder support will drive the four comb plates 1 fixed inside it, which have entered the combing / scraping state, to move downwards. All berries that touch the gaps between the comb teeth will have their stems removed.

[0024] When the entire device is used for high-altitude harvesting, it needs to be used in conjunction with the device placement frame and telescopic pole. It can also be used with a handcart or tracked vehicle to adjust its position. The harvesting and collection device is a long cloth bag on the outer cylinder support. The combed fruit is directly introduced into the collection box through the cloth bag.

Claims

1. A threshing and harvesting device for *Vernicia fordii* seeds, comprising an outer cylinder support and an inner cylinder support, characterized in that: A geared motor is installed on the outer cylinder support. A clamping mechanism is installed on the top of the outer cylinder support. Below the clamping mechanism is the inner cylinder support. The inner cylinder support is located inside the outer cylinder support and moves up and down relative to the outer cylinder support under the drive of the geared motor. A comb plate (1) is installed on the inner cylinder support. During operation, the comb plate (1) is driven by the servo motor (204) to flip inward to the horizontal position. When the operation ends, it is driven by the servo motor (204) to flip back to the vertical position. Bearing supports (207) are installed on the inner side of the four columns on the inner cylinder support. The two ends of the shaft of the comb plate (1) are installed in the bearing supports (207) of the two adjacent columns. A driven gear (201) is installed on the neck of one side of the shaft of the comb plate (1). The driven gear (201) and the rack (5) cooperate. The rack (5) is installed on the slide rail on the side of the column of the inner cylinder support. A servo motor (204) is installed on the inner cylinder support. The drive gear (4) and the rack (5) at the output end of the servo motor (204) are connected. The clamping mechanism consists of two clamping plates (101) mounted on two lead screws (102). The two ends of the lead screws (102) are mounted in the bearing seats (103) at the top of the outer cylinder support. The lead screw nut (104) on the clamping plate (101) is engaged with the lead screw (102) and the lead screw (102) is driven to rotate by a motor. The outer cylinder support and the inner cylinder support are both hexahedral frame structures. A belt and synchronous pulleys (3) at both ends are installed on the column of the outer cylinder support. A slider (302) is fixed on the belt and the slider (302) is connected to the column of the inner cylinder support. The synchronous pulley (3) is driven by a geared motor. A track (303) is installed on the inner side of the column of the outer cylinder support. A slider (302) is on the track (303) and the slider (302) is connected to the inner cylinder support through a fixing plate (301). There are two comb plates (1) on each side of the inner cylinder support, for a total of four comb plates (1).

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