Super-large-diameter drilling tool, rotary drilling rig and hole-forming construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a super-large-diameter drilling tool, a rotary drilling rig and a hole forming construction method. The drilling tool comprises a cutting body and a guide body detachably connected with the bottom of the cutting body. A flushing device is arranged on the cutting body and is used for draining slurry above the cutting body to the bottom of the cutting body; the guide body comprises a second barrel and a first barrel arranged on the periphery of the second barrel, the second barrel is detachably connected with the cutting body, and a spiral blade is arranged on the first barrel and used for guiding slurry around the guide body to the bottom of the cutting body; a cutting assembly is arranged around the periphery of the bottom of the cutting body; when the super-large-diameter drilling tool is used for reaming, the diameter difference between adjacent reaming holes can be effectively increased, so that the grading frequency is reduced, and the effects of low equipment investment cost and high construction efficiency are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a rotary drilling rig in the technical field of building construction, and in particular to an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, a rotary drilling rig and a hole forming construction method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, large bridge pile foundation projects have shown a development trend of large diameter, large depth and super hardness, which has promoted the development of rotary drilling rigs towards large and super large, breaking the perception of traditional construction methods and rotary drilling rigs. For bored piles with a diameter less than φ3.0m, the traditional construction method uses a graded drilling technology to drill holes, that is, a small diameter drill bit is used first, and then an enlarged diameter drill bit is used to expand the hole in sequence until the designed hole diameter and depth, which has good economic benefits; however, for bored piles with a diameter of more than φ3.0m, especially super-large diameter bored piles with a diameter of more than φ4.5m, the use of traditional rotary drilling rigs and construction methods has many shortcomings and problems, and cannot meet the construction requirements of super-large diameter bored piles. For example, the main span of the Xihoumen Railway Bridge is 1,488 meters, making it the world's largest railway-road bridge. The No. 5 main tower uses 18 φ6.3m bored piles, which are the world's largest diameter bored piles for bridges. In order to achieve the drilling of this ultra-large diameter bored pile, many units including engineering design units, construction units, and equipment manufacturers have conducted years of technical demonstration and discussion, but have not found a solution.

[0003] On the one hand, when traditional construction methods are used for graded hole expansion of ultra-large diameter bored piles, the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes is in the range of 0.4m to 0.5m, the number of graded holes is large, the process flow is cumbersome, and the construction efficiency is low; on the other hand, due to the large number of graded hole expansion times, a large number of drilling tools and procurement costs are directly increased; in addition, during the construction of the water platform, a large number of drilling tools occupy limited construction sites, increasing construction costs and difficulty. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-large diameter drill, a rotary drilling rig and a hole-forming construction method. By using the ultra-large diameter drill of the present invention to expand holes, the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes can be effectively increased, thereby reducing the number of grading times, achieving the effect of low equipment investment cost and high construction efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a large-diameter drilling tool, comprising: a cutting body, and a guide body detachably connected to the bottom of the cutting body; the cutting body is provided with a flushing device for draining mud above the cutting body to the bottom of the cutting body; the guide body comprises a cylinder body 2 and a cylinder body 1 arranged outside the cylinder body 2, the cylinder body 2 is detachably connected to the cutting body, and the cylinder body 1 is provided with spiral blades for draining mud around the guide body to the bottom of the cutting body; a cutting assembly is arranged around the outer periphery of the bottom of the cutting body.

[0006] Optionally, the cutting body is a detachable structure, including a main body and a section 1 and a section 2 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body, and a connecting piece 1 is arranged on the main body.

[0007] Optionally, the radial cross-section of the cutting body is circular, the bottom of the cutting body is conical, and the slope decreases from the center to the surroundings.

[0008] Optionally, the number of the flushing devices is not less than 2 and they are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the cutting body; the flushing device includes a slurry inlet located above the cutting body, a slurry outlet located at the bottom of the cutting body, and a drainage pipe connecting the slurry inlet and the slurry outlet; the portion of the drainage pipe close to the slurry outlet is placed inside the cutting body.

[0009] Optionally, the spiral blade is set to be right-handed and has a width of 100mm to 150mm.

[0010] Optionally, the cutting assembly is a rock breaking cutter, and there are multiple cutting assemblies.

[0011] Optionally, a second connecting piece matching the first connecting piece is provided on the second cylinder body for detachable connection between the cutting body and the guide body.

[0012] Optionally, the cylinder body 1 and the cylinder body 2 are connected via a rib plate.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a rotary drilling rig, comprising the ultra-large diameter drilling tool as described in the first aspect.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a hole forming construction method, comprising: Step S1, hoisting the steel casing to the pile hole position, and using a hydraulic hammer to hit the steel casing to sink to a preset depth; wherein the diameter of the steel casing is 0.5m larger than the hole diameter; Step S2, using a drill bit with a diameter of Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m to drill a hole, and using a Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m diameter elevated drill and a sand scoop to clean the slag, until the drill bit drills a hole to a preset depth of the pile hole; Step S3, according to the drill diameter and rock hardness, determine the number of stages of graded hole expansion so that the diameter difference between adjacent holes is within the range of 1.5m to 2.0m, and use the ultra-large diameter drills of different diameters as described in the first aspect to gradually expand the hole to the preset depth and diameter of the pile hole.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, a rotary drilling rig and a hole forming construction method. By using the ultra-large diameter drilling tool of the present invention to expand holes, the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes can be effectively increased, thereby reducing the number of grading times, achieving the effects of low equipment investment cost, high construction efficiency and low construction difficulty. The present invention provides an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, which can be disassembled into a cutting body and a guide body. The cutting body and the guide body can also be further disassembled, which is convenient for drilling tool transportation and construction site assembly. It not only solves the problem of ultra-large diameter rotary drilling tool transportation difficulty, but also realizes the diversification of drilling tool functions and reduces the investment cost of drilling tools. The present invention provides an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, which adopts a rolling cutting method, has a large rock breaking area, operates smoothly, and can give full play to the advantages of a large rotary drilling rig; The hole-forming construction method provided by the present invention fills the blank of the rotary drilling construction method for ultra-large diameter bored piles of Φ6.3m and above by rotary drilling rigs, has fast hole-forming speed, high construction quality and low construction cost, and provides a reference for similar engineering construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of hole enlargement construction of an ultra-large diameter drilling tool in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an ultra-large diameter drilling tool in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a cutting body of an ultra-large diameter drilling tool in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a super-large diameter drilling tool guide body in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a schematic diagram of the process of a hole forming construction method in one embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. cutting body; 2. guide body; 11. main body; 12. subdivision one; 13. subdivision two; 14. flushing device; 15. first flange; 16. cutting assembly; 17. bottom of cutting body; 21. cylinder one; 22. cylinder two; 23. second flange; 24. rib plate; 121. connecting plate one; 131. connecting plate two; 141. slurry inlet; 142. slurry outlet; 143. drainage pipe; 211. spiral blade; 4. bolt; A. drilling hole; B. guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention introduces an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, including: The present invention provides a large-diameter drilling tool, comprising: a cutting body 1, and a guide body 2 detachably connected to a bottom 17 of the cutting body; the cutting body 1 is provided with a flushing device 14 for draining mud above the cutting body 1 to the bottom of the cutting body 1; the guide body 2 comprises a cylinder body 22 and a cylinder body 1 21 arranged outside the cylinder body 22, the cylinder body 22 is detachably connected to the cutting body 1, and the cylinder body 1 21 is provided with a spiral blade 211 for draining mud around the guide body 2 to the bottom 17 of the cutting body; a cutting assembly 16 is arranged around the outer periphery of the bottom 17 of the cutting body.

[0019] Specifically, the flushing device 14 on the cutting body 1 drains the mud on the upper part and the periphery of the cutting body 1 to the bottom of the cutting body 1 when the drill bit rotates; the spiral blades 211 on the guide body 1 drive the mud around the guide body 1 to the bottom 17 of the cutting body, and the cutting assembly 16 on the bottom 17 of the cutting body performs cutting, and the drill cuttings after cutting flow to the guide hole B, forming a mud circulation system as a whole.

[0020] The present invention provides an extra-large diameter drill, a rotary drilling rig and a hole-forming construction method. By using the extra-large diameter drill of the present invention to expand holes, the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes can be effectively increased, thereby reducing the number of grading times, achieving the effects of low equipment investment cost, high construction efficiency and low construction difficulty.

[0021] In this embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in order to meet the transportation requirements, the cutting body 1 is of a separable type and is assembled as a whole at the construction site; the cutting body 1 is a detachable structure, including a main body 11 and a sub-section 12 and a sub-section 13 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body, and a connecting piece 1 is arranged on the main body 11.

[0022] Specifically, the cutting body 1 as a whole is cylindrical in the middle and conical at both ends. The branch 12 and the branch 2 13 are two identical arc-shaped blocks; the branch 12 and the branch 2 13 can be connected to the main body 11 through the connecting plate 1 121 or the connecting plate 2 132; a plurality of screw holes are arranged on the connecting plate 1 121 and the connecting plate 2 131. When construction is required, the connecting plate 1 121 and the connecting plate 2 131 are fixed on both sides of the main body 11 of the cutting body 1 through the cooperation of the bolts 4 and the screw holes, and the branch 1 12 and the branch 2 13 are then fixed on the connecting plate 1 121 and the connecting plate 2 131 respectively. This connection method is not fixed.

[0023] Specifically, the radial cross section of the cutting body 1 is circular, and the bottom 17 of the cutting body is conical, with the slope decreasing from the center to the surroundings. The conical design makes the mud more fluid and the whole mud circulation more fluent.

[0024] Specifically, the square head base at the top of the cutting body 1 (main body 11) is connected to four double-layer rib plates, which has good stability, light weight, high strength, and meets the loading conditions of ultra-large torque and pressure.

[0025] Specifically, the first connector can be one of any detachable connection kits such as a flange or a sleeve joint. In this embodiment, the first connector adopts a first flange 15, which can be disassembled and fixed by bolts.

[0026] Specifically, the cutting body 1 can be used alone as a barrel drill. After the guide body 2 is removed, the cutting body 1 is used to cut off the remaining rock and soil caused by the height difference between the guide body and the cutting body. In this embodiment, the cutting assembly 16 is a rock breaking cutter, and the number of cutting assemblies 16 is multiple; the rock breaking cutter is a cutter cutting method, with low drilling resistance, stable operation, and can withstand the super-large torque and pressure of a large rotary drilling rig.

[0027] In this embodiment, a flushing device 14 is axially arranged inside the cutting body 1. The number of the flushing devices 14 is not 4 and they are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the cutting body 1. Figure 2 As shown; the flushing device 14 includes a slurry inlet 141 arranged above the cutting body 1, a slurry outlet 142 arranged at the bottom 17 of the cutting body, and a drainage pipe 143 connecting the slurry inlet 141 and the slurry outlet 142; the portion of the drainage pipe 143 close to the slurry outlet 142 is placed inside the cutting body 1; the slurry inlet 142 is oriented in a clockwise direction.

[0028] Specifically, the portion of the drainage pipe 143 exposed from the cutting body 1 is bent at a right angle, and the slurry inlet 141 is trumpet-shaped, which can better drain the mud; when the drilling tool is drilling, the rotational resistance on the upper part of the cutting body 1 drives the mud to flow in from the slurry inlet 141 and out from the slurry outlet 142.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the guide body 2 includes a cylinder body 1 21 and a cylinder body 22, the cylinder body 1 21 and the cylinder body 2 11 are connected by a rib plate 24, a right-handed spiral blade 211 is arranged on the outer side of the cylinder body 1 21, and a connecting piece 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder body 2 2, which cooperates with the connecting piece 1 to realize the detachable connection between the cutting body 1 and the guide body 2; Specifically, the second connector may be one of any detachable connector sets such as a flange or a sleeve joint. In this embodiment, the second connector adopts a second flange 23 .

[0030] Specifically, the spiral blade 211 is set to be right-handed, with a width of 100 mm to 150 mm. When the drill bit rotates clockwise, the mud is driven to flow upward, and the mud goes up along the spiral blade 211 to the bottom 17 of the cutting body 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the present invention provides an ultra-large diameter drilling tool, in which holes are provided on the rib plate 24 and the second cylinder 22, so that the resistance to mud flow is smaller and cutting is facilitated.

[0032] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, when the ultra-large diameter drill bit is rotary drilling, the flushing device 14 uses the rotary resistance of the cutting body 1 to drain the mud on the top of the cutting body 1 to the bottom 17 of the cutting body; the spiral blade 211 drives the mud in the guide hole B to the bottom 17 of the cutting body, and the mud on the upper and lower parts of the ultra-large diameter drill bit both move toward the bottom 17 of the cutting body to flush the rock breaking cutter, and finally the cut and crushed drill cuttings flow into the guide hole with the mud, thereby avoiding the problem of repeated grinding of the drill cuttings by the rock breaking cutter and the problem of drill cuttings being filled between the guide body 2 and the hole wall.

[0033] Example 2 The embodiment of the present invention introduces a rotary drilling rig, including the ultra-large diameter drilling tool as described in Example 1.

[0034] Example 3 The embodiment of the present invention introduces a hole forming construction method, comprising: Step S1, hoisting the steel casing to the pile hole position, and using a hydraulic hammer to hit the steel casing to sink to a preset depth; wherein the diameter of the steel casing is 0.5m larger than the hole diameter; Step S2, using a drill bit with a diameter of Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m to drill a hole, and using a Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m diameter elevated drill and a sand scoop to clean the slag, until the drill bit drills a hole to a preset depth of the pile hole; Step S3, according to the drill diameter and rock hardness, determine the number of stages of graded hole expansion so that the diameter difference between adjacent holes is within the range of 1.5m to 2.0m, and use the ultra-large diameter drills of different diameters as described in the first aspect to gradually expand the hole to the preset depth and diameter of the pile hole.

[0035] Specifically, in this embodiment, the preset pile hole diameter is Φ6.5m, and the hole construction method has the following detailed steps: (1) Positioning of steel casing: hoist the Φ7.0m steel casing to the pile hole position, and align the center of the steel casing with the center of the pile hole through a positioning device; the positioning device is provided with four sets of screws for adjusting and correcting the center position of the steel casing.

[0036] (2) Sinking of steel casing: Use a large hydraulic hammer to hit the Φ7.0m steel casing to sink. If it is difficult to sink, use a rotary drilling rig to drill into the steel casing to take soil, and then sink the steel casing. Repeat this process until the steel casing is sunk to the preset depth. (3) Positioning of the first hole: A Φ2.0m diameter drill bit is used to drill the hole. A centralizer matching the inner wall size of the steel casing is set between the drill rod and the drill bit to ensure the positioning accuracy of the center of the first hole and the center of the pile hole; (4) First hole drilling: Use a drill bit with a diameter of Φ2.0m to drill the hole, and use a Φ2.0m diameter elevated drill and a sand scoop to clean the slag until the drill bit drills the hole to the preset depth of the pile hole; (5) According to the borehole diameter (preset pile hole diameter Φ6.5m) and rock hardness, a three-stage graded hole expansion method is preferred, i.e. Φ2.0m~Φ3.5m~Φ5.0m~Φ6.5m, with a difference of 1.5m between adjacent hole expansion diameters, and the ultra-large diameter drilling tool is used to gradually expand the hole to the preset pile hole diameter Φ6.5m and preset depth; Specifically, in step (2), a replacement hammer is provided between the hydraulic hammer and the steel casing, the upper end of the replacement hammer matches the hydraulic hammer, and the lower end matches the steel casing, so as to solve the problem of inconsistent sizes between the steel casing and the hydraulic hammer; Specifically, the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes in step (5) is 1.5 m, which is three times the diameter difference between adjacent expanded holes in conventional graded expanded holes.

[0037] Specifically, the specific steps of step (5) include: Level 1: Use ultra-large diameter drilling tools with a diameter of Φ3.5m to carry out the first hole expansion, and carry out the first hole cleaning when the hole is expanded to Φ3.5m; Second level: Use ultra-large diameter drilling tools with a diameter of Φ5.0m to carry out the second hole expansion, and carry out the second hole cleaning when the hole is expanded to Φ5.0m; Level 3: Use ultra-large diameter drilling tools with a diameter of Φ6.5m to carry out the third hole expansion, and carry out the third hole cleaning when the hole is expanded to Φ6.5m.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of the present invention and the claims, which all fall within the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-large diameter drilling tool, characterized in that: include: A cutting body and a guide body detachably connected to the bottom of the cutting body; the cutting body is provided with a flushing device for draining mud above the cutting body to the bottom of the cutting body; the guide body comprises a second cylinder body and a first cylinder body arranged outside the second cylinder body, the second cylinder body is detachably connected to the cutting body, and the first cylinder body is provided with spiral blades for draining mud around the guide body to the bottom of the cutting body; a cutting assembly is arranged around the periphery of the bottom of the cutting body.

2. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting body is a detachable structure, comprising a main body and a first sub-part and a second sub-part symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main body, and a connecting piece 1 is arranged on the main body.

3. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial cross section of the cutting body is circular, the bottom of the cutting body is conical, and the slope decreases from the center to the surroundings.

4. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the flushing devices is no less than 2 and they are evenly distributed around the outer periphery of the cutting body; the flushing device includes a slurry inlet located above the cutting body, a slurry outlet located at the bottom of the cutting body, and a drainage pipe connecting the slurry inlet and the slurry outlet; the portion of the drainage pipe close to the slurry outlet is placed inside the cutting body.

5. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral blade is set to be right-handed and has a width of 100mm to 150mm.

6. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting component is a rock breaking roller cutter, and there are multiple cutting components.

7. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second cylinder is provided with a second connecting piece matching with the connecting piece 1, and is used for detachable connection between the cutting body and the guide body.

8. The ultra-large diameter drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder body 1 and the cylinder body 2 are connected via a rib plate.

9. A rotary drilling rig, characterized in that: The invention comprises the ultra-large diameter drilling tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A hole-forming construction method, characterized in that: include: Step S1, hoisting the steel casing to the pile hole position, and using a hydraulic hammer to hit the steel casing to sink to a preset depth; wherein the diameter of the steel casing is 0.5m larger than the hole diameter; Step S2, using a drill bit with a diameter of Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m to drill a hole, and using a Φ2.0m-Φ2.2m diameter elevated drill and a sand scoop to clean the slag, until the drill bit drills a hole to a preset depth of the pile hole; Step S3, determining the number of stages of graded hole expansion according to the drill diameter and rock hardness, so that the diameter difference of adjacent holes is within the range of 1.5m to 2.0m, and using the ultra-large diameter drill tools of different diameters as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 to gradually expand the hole to a preset depth and diameter of the pile hole.

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