Deep foundation pit construction method of deep foundation pit supporting structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep foundation pit supporting structure deep foundation pit construction method which comprises the following steps: S1, steel bar configuration and binding inspection; s2, bottom plate reinforcing steel bar construction; s3, wall plate reinforcing steel bar construction; s4, steel bar protection cushion blocks are laid; and S5, concrete pouring. The invention discloses a construction method for temporary plugging of an embedded sleeve. A constructor needs to strictly check according to a construction quality control program diagram. The formwork needs to be designed and calculated, the requirements for rigidity, strength and stability in the construction process are met, and the weight, lateral pressure and construction load of poured concrete can be reliably borne. And through the special structural design of the bottom plate and the wall plates, the sinking possibility of the foundation pit formwork is greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and in particular to a deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure. Background Art

[0002] There are many buildings (structures) under construction, and the burial depths are different. According to the enclosure design, there are many enclosure forms, mainly PC construction piles + internal support, double-row Larsen steel sheet pile enclosure + top anchor cable, bored piles + internal support structure (three-axis mixing pile water-stop curtain), double-row bored piles, gravity cement soil retaining wall. How to better build and support the foundation pit has become the main problem. To address this problem, we consider a temporary plugging construction method of reserved casing in the basement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Inspection of steel bar configuration and binding;

[0006] S2, bottom plate reinforcement construction;

[0007] S3, wall panel reinforcement construction;

[0008] S4. Lay steel bar protection pads;

[0009] S5. Concrete pouring.

[0010] Preferably, the specific steps of step S1 are:

[0011] S11. Appearance in batches

[0012] Inspection and physical property test, and chemical composition analysis if necessary, the batch of steel can be used only after it passes the test;

[0013] S12, steel bar connection, arc welding is used for beam main bar connection, electroslag pressure welding is used for column longitudinal bar connection, straight thread sleeve connection is used for steel bar connection ≥22; smaller steel bars in other wall panels are connected with binding hole joints, and the position of steel bar joints and binding lap length should meet the design and specification requirements;

[0014] S13. Cutting and production of steel: Be familiar with the construction drawings, make good steel bar sample drawing, calculate the cutting length, which must meet the design of the drawings and relevant specifications. Steel bars should be centrally stacked and cut;

[0015] S14. The prepared steel bars shall be neatly stacked according to specifications and models and marked. When stacking steel bars, wooden blocks shall be placed underneath.

[0016] S15. Before tying the steel bars, first check whether the cushion layer, inserted reinforcement position, etc. are accurate. The positions of steel bar joints should be staggered, and the steel bar joints of the same section cannot exceed the design requirements.

[0017] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0018] S21. Place the steel bars on the concrete cushion according to the construction drawing and mark the designed positions of the steel bars;

[0019] S22. Lift and transport in order, put the lower layer of steel bars into the mold first, adjust the position of the steel bars and tie them, check that the position, spacing and number of steel bars meet the requirements, and then spot weld them into shape;

[0020] S23. According to the design, specification requirements and the thickness of the protective layer, special pads shall be set, and the vertical and horizontal spacing shall not exceed 1m;

[0021] S24. Before the upper layer of steel bars are put into the mold, a 16-diameter steel bar is used to make a horse stool. The horse stools are placed at a distance of 1m. The horse stools and feet are placed on pads. The elevation of the top surface of the horse stool is the bottom surface height of the lowest steel bar of the upper layer.

[0022] S25. While tying the bottom reinforcement, the steel pipe brackets that support the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall should also be reinforced. After the bottom reinforcement is tied, the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall is placed and fixed by the steel pipe brackets;

[0023] S26. After the horse stool reinforcement is in place, tie the top steel mesh and connect it with the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall. When tying the top reinforcement, be sure to make sure that the horizontal reinforcement parallel to the pool wall is close to the vertical reinforcement.

[0024] S27. Place the vertical reinforcement of the wall panels on the concrete cushion layer according to the construction drawings, and set up full-height brackets to fix the reinforcement in the construction area;

[0025] S28. According to the construction drawing, place the steel bars in the mold according to the number, connect and tie the lower part of each vertical bar with the upper and lower bars of the bottom plate, and tie the steel bars of the pool wall 60cm high above the bottom plate with horizontal bars, and spot weld them with the vertical bars every 1m to form a three-dimensional skeleton;

[0026] S29. Check and arrange the steel bars of the pool wall. Make original records of the steel bars in compliance with the design requirements and have them inspected and accepted by the supervising engineer;

[0027] S210. Use pads to secure the vertical reinforcement and tie and fix the expansion joint reinforcement.

[0028] Preferably, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0029] S31. Clean the dirt on the steel bars;

[0030] S32, sort and adjust the spacing of steel bars;

[0031] S33, tie the transverse reinforcement of the pool wall;

[0032] S34. The pool wall is tied and overlapped to facilitate construction. The overlap length is constructed according to the design drawings and specifications, and the steel bars are tied with wire at the center and both ends;

[0033] S35. To control the spacing between the pool walls, add 1-meter-diameter connecting bars between the two steel meshes, tie them firmly in a plum blossom shape, and the spacing overlap position, overlap length, and anchorage length all meet the design and specification requirements. In the case of shear walls, first tie the vertical steel bars, then tie the transverse steel bars. The vertical steel bars are spot welded every two bars, and each spot welded steel bar is connected at no less than two points. The position between the two layers of steel bars in the wall and slab is controlled by a horse stool, with a spacing of 1000mm. After tying, it needs to be inspected and accepted by the supervision engineer, and concrete can be poured only after it is qualified;

[0034] Preferably, the specific steps of step S5 are: first, pour the bottom plate and the pool wall concrete, set a construction joint at 50cm from the bottom plate, do not leave a construction joint at the junction of the pool wall and the bottom plate, set a steel plate water stop in the construction joint, according to the design requirements, the water stop adopts a 4mm steel plate, 30cm wide, the water stop should be flat, the surface is clean, and there is no oil or rust. There must be no sand holes, it must be stable during installation, and it must not be offset. Welding is used at the joint, the lap length is not less than 20mm, and double-sided welding is used. Concrete should be continuously poured. If it is limited by objective conditions, the interval time should be shortened as much as possible, and the second layer of concrete should be poured before the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when using the deep foundation pit construction method of the deep foundation pit support structure of the present invention, the construction personnel must strictly follow the construction quality control procedure diagram. The template needs to be designed and calculated to meet the requirements of rigidity, strength and stability during the construction process, and can reliably withstand the weight of the poured concrete, lateral pressure and construction load. Through the special structural design of the bottom plate and the wall plate, the possibility of the foundation pit template sinking is greatly reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention provides a technical solution: a deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure, comprising the following steps:

[0038] S1. Inspection of steel bar configuration and binding;

[0039] S2, bottom plate reinforcement construction;

[0040] S3, wall panel reinforcement construction;

[0041] S4. Lay steel bar protection pads;

[0042] S5. Concrete pouring.

[0043] Specifically, the specific steps of step S1 are:

[0044] S11. Appearance in batches

[0045] Inspection and physical property test, and chemical composition analysis if necessary, the batch of steel can be used only after it passes the test;

[0046] S12, steel bar connection, arc welding is used for beam main bar connection, electroslag pressure welding is used for column longitudinal bar connection, straight thread sleeve connection is used for steel bar connection ≥22; smaller steel bars in other wall panels are connected with binding hole joints, and the position of steel bar joints and binding lap length should meet the design and specification requirements;

[0047] S13. Cutting and production of steel: Be familiar with the construction drawings, make good steel bar sample drawing, calculate the cutting length, which must meet the design of the drawings and relevant specifications. Steel bars should be centrally stacked and cut;

[0048] S14. The prepared steel bars shall be neatly stacked according to specifications and models and marked. When stacking steel bars, wooden blocks shall be placed underneath.

[0049] S15. Before tying the steel bars, first check whether the cushion layer, inserted reinforcement position, etc. are accurate. The positions of steel bar joints should be staggered, and the steel bar joints of the same section cannot exceed the design requirements.

[0050] Specifically, the specific steps of step S2 are:

[0051] S21. Place the steel bars on the concrete cushion according to the construction drawing and mark the designed positions of the steel bars;

[0052] S22. Lift and transport in order, put the lower layer of steel bars into the mold first, adjust the position of the steel bars and tie them, check that the position, spacing and number of steel bars meet the requirements, and then spot weld them into shape;

[0053] S23. According to the design, specification requirements and the thickness of the protective layer, special pads shall be set, and the vertical and horizontal spacing shall not exceed 1m;

[0054] S24. Before the upper layer of steel bars are put into the mold, a 16-diameter steel bar is used to make a horse stool. The horse stools are placed at a distance of 1m. The horse stools and feet are placed on pads. The elevation of the top surface of the horse stool is the bottom surface height of the lowest steel bar of the upper layer.

[0055] S25. While tying the bottom reinforcement, the steel pipe brackets that support the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall should also be reinforced. After the bottom reinforcement is tied, the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall is placed and fixed by the steel pipe brackets;

[0056] S26. After the horse stool reinforcement is in place, tie the top steel mesh and connect it with the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall. When tying the top reinforcement, be sure to make sure that the horizontal reinforcement parallel to the pool wall is close to the vertical reinforcement.

[0057] S27. Place the vertical reinforcement of the wall panels on the concrete cushion layer according to the construction drawings, and set up full-height brackets to fix the reinforcement in the construction area;

[0058] S28. According to the construction drawing, place the steel bars in the mold according to the number, connect and tie the lower part of each vertical bar with the upper and lower bars of the bottom plate, and tie the steel bars of the pool wall 60cm high above the bottom plate with horizontal bars, and spot weld them with the vertical bars every 1m to form a three-dimensional skeleton;

[0059] S29. Check and arrange the steel bars of the pool wall. Make original records of the steel bars in compliance with the design requirements and have them inspected and accepted by the supervising engineer;

[0060] S210. Use pads to secure the vertical reinforcement and tie and fix the expansion joint reinforcement.

[0061] Specifically, the specific steps of step S3 are:

[0062] S31. Clean the dirt on the steel bars;

[0063] S32, sort and adjust the spacing of steel bars;

[0064] S33, tie the transverse reinforcement of the pool wall;

[0065] S34. The pool wall is tied and overlapped to facilitate construction. The overlap length is constructed according to the design drawings and specifications, and the steel bars are tied with wire at the center and both ends;

[0066] S35. To control the spacing between the pool walls, add 1-meter-diameter connecting bars between the two steel meshes, tie them firmly in a plum blossom shape, and the spacing overlap position, overlap length, and anchorage length all meet the design and specification requirements. In the case of shear walls, first tie the vertical steel bars, then tie the transverse steel bars. The vertical steel bars are spot welded every two bars, and each spot welded steel bar is connected at no less than two points. The position between the two layers of steel bars in the wall and slab is controlled by a horse stool, with a spacing of 1000mm. After tying, it needs to be inspected and accepted by the supervision engineer, and concrete can be poured only after it is qualified;

[0067] Specifically, the specific steps of step S5 are: first, pour the bottom plate and pool wall concrete, set a construction joint at 50cm from the bottom plate, and do not leave a construction joint at the junction of the pool wall and the bottom plate. Set a steel plate water stop in the construction joint. According to the design requirements, the water stop uses a 4mm steel plate with a width of 30cm. The water stop should be flat, clean on the surface, and free of oil and rust. There should be no sand holes, and it must be stable during installation and must not be offset. Welding is used at the joints, with a lap length of not less than 20mm, and double-sided welding is used. Concrete should be poured continuously. If it is limited by objective conditions, the interval time should be shortened as much as possible, and the second layer of concrete should be poured before the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete.

[0068] Formwork construction

[0069] (I) Materials for formwork system

[0070] 1. During construction, the pool wall, hanging board, top board and other templates are made of wooden templates with a thickness of 15mm. For the templates of special parts,

[0071] The wooden formwork is processed and manufactured on site to ensure that its geometric dimensions meet the design requirements.

[0072] 2. The formwork support system uses φ48 ordinary scaffolding steel pipes and is fixed with φ12 tension bolts.

[0073] (II) Formwork support construction

[0074] 1. The templates are uniformly matched and produced by the on-site woodworking factory and assembled on-site.

[0075] 2. Formwork construction is generally divided into three stages: bottom plate formwork → pool wall, wall, column formwork → top plate formwork.

[0076] (III) Construction of base plate formwork

[0077] While supporting the bottom formwork, also support the pool wall formwork and the center reserved hole formwork.

[0078] The template for the center reserved hole is supported by a wooden template. After reinforcement according to the design size, it is directly installed, and three keels are added and reinforced with short pipe diagonal braces. The bottom is supported by a "U"-shaped rib with a water stop welded on it to prevent sinking.

[0079] (IV) Support of pool wall formwork

[0080] The pool wall formwork is assembled using formwork and connected into a whole using M12 through-wall bolts.

[0081] Weld the through-wall bolts to the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall according to the position and elevation. For example, a short horizontal reinforcement can be welded between two vertical reinforcements to fix the through-wall bolts to prevent the formwork from sinking.

[0082] Add spacers between the top reinforcement of the base plate and the hanging formwork to ensure that the protective layer meets the design quality requirements.

[0083] A steel pipe bracket is erected on the outside of the pool wall, and the formwork is installed. The inner and outer forms are connected together by through bolts, and the steel pipe bracket is used to adjust the formwork into place and reinforce it.

[0084] The formwork structure must ensure that the designed geometric dimensions of the structure do not deform.

[0085] The contact surface between the formwork and the concrete should be coated with a release agent as an isolation agent.

[0086] After the template is installed, the axis position and elevation should be remeasured to meet the design requirements.

[0087] Strictly control the thickness of the steel bar protective layer. The thickness of the pad must meet the requirements, with no less than 1 pad per square meter. The pad must be firmly tied to the steel bar to ensure that it will not fall off during concrete pouring.

[0088] The removal of the formwork shall be carried out in accordance with relevant specifications or supervision requirements.

[0089] Preparation work before formwork

[0090] (1) Install the embedded casing and use the casing waterproofing method to set the water stop ring according to the design, specifications and supervision engineer's requirements.

[0091] During installation, rubber sheets or plastic foam films should be installed at both ends of the casing to prevent leakage.

[0092] (2) Install the wooden template with reserved holes and place sponges on both ends of the template to prevent leakage. The position should meet the design requirements.

[0093] (3) The pool wall adopts wooden formwork, and 50×70 square wood is used as horizontal and vertical bars.

[0094] 2. Formwork construction

[0095] During the construction process, the geometric dimensions of the template must be guaranteed to remain stable and unchanged. The support system should be firm.

[0096] The lower layer should be placed on a solid foundation or square timber; the vertical iron pipe should be vertical, and the lower part should be placed on a solid foundation or square timber;

[0097] The joints of iron pipes and horizontal and vertical connections should be straight and close-fitting, with no less than two fasteners at each connection point to prevent slipping; the connecting bolts should be tightened, and the vertical pipes should be horizontal and vertical to ensure overall stability.

[0098] A horizontal construction joint is set on the pool wall 50cm above the bottom plate, and a horizontal construction joint is set on the top walkway of the structure with a walkway on the top.

[0099] Clean the pool wall formwork and place sponge pads in the gaps to ensure tightness between the pool wall and the upper formwork to prevent leakage.

[0100] After installing one side of the pool wall formwork, install the other side of the formwork in layers to adjust the template spacing and control the accuracy of the support, and leave a window at the bottom of the outside to install the water stop strip.

[0101] While the inner wall is supported, it is fixed with tension bolts to ensure the integrity of the formwork, and finished pads are sandwiched between the water stop and the formwork to ensure that the thickness of the protective layer meets the design requirements.

[0102] The production of tension bolts must strictly control the spacing between the double water stop plates to ensure the uniformity of the pool wall changes.

[0103] The lateral supports and diagonal supports of the formwork are combined with the steel pipe frame. When the formwork is installed, the steel pipe frame is also erected.

[0104] After the formwork is erected, guy ropes should be installed to prevent the formwork from being blown down.

[0105] A dirt outlet should be left at the bottom of the template to remove the dirt inside the mold and then plug it.

[0106] Check the geometric dimensions and axis position of the formwork and the thickness of the steel bar protection layer to see if they meet the requirements of the design, construction and supervision engineers.

[0107] The template drills holes at the locations of the embedded steel bars, the embedded bars extend out, and the holes are blocked to prevent leakage.

[0108] (V) Formwork quality requirements

[0109] The formwork support must have sufficient strength, rigidity and stability.

[0110] (VI) Technical measures for formwork system

[0111] 1. The template joints are sealed.

[0112] 2. Before installing the column and wall formwork, limiting steel bars must be added at their roots to ensure their correct position.

[0113] 3. The template should be installed strictly according to the template drawing, and the template should be placed in the designated position and used at the designated location. The operators should be contracted to the template.

[0114] 4. The formwork should be dismantled in the reverse order of the formwork, with emphasis on protecting the board surface. It is strictly forbidden to use crowbars to forcibly break and pry.

[0115] 5. The template should be cleaned and repaired in time.

[0116] 6. After the formwork is set up, it should be carefully inspected before pouring concrete.

[0117] (I) Concrete construction

[0118] Before concrete construction, a concrete pouring order must be submitted to the on-site supervisor and concrete construction can only be carried out after approval.

[0119] Concrete pouring is carried out using concrete pump trucks.

[0120] Concrete pouring shall be carried out in the corresponding pouring sequence according to its process and structural characteristics. First, the concrete of the bottom plate and the pool wall shall be poured. A construction joint shall be set at 50cm from the bottom plate, and no construction joint shall be left at the junction of the pool wall and the bottom plate. A steel plate waterstop shall be set in the construction joint. According to the design requirements, the waterstop shall be made of 4mm steel plate with a width of 30cm. The waterstop shall be flat, clean on the surface, free of oil and rust. There shall be no sand holes. It must be stable during installation and shall not be offset. Welding shall be used at the joints, with a lap length of not less than 20mm, and double-sided welding shall be used. Concrete pouring shall be carried out continuously. If it is limited by objective conditions, the interval time shall be shortened as much as possible, and the second layer of concrete shall be poured before the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete. The time for pressing the concrete successively shall comply with the provisions of the "Construction and Acceptance Specifications for Water Supply and Drainage Structures".

[0121] Before pouring concrete, preparations should be made, the amount of concrete should be calculated in advance, a concrete mix ratio notice should be issued, the pouring time should be calculated according to the concrete engineering quantity, and the pouring plan should be determined to ensure the quality of the pouring project. At the same time, a special person should be set up to contact the meteorological department to understand the weather conditions during the pouring period. Once the pouring work begins, it cannot be stopped, so the weather conditions are very important to the pouring quality of concrete. Concrete pouring must be carried out in sunny weather.

[0122] During construction, prepare a rain and windproof shed in case of emergency.

[0123] 1. Pouring

[0124] (1) Concrete can only be poured after the formwork and support, steel bars, embedded pipes (parts), reserved holes and water stop strips have been accepted by the supervising engineer. The formwork must have tight joints and firm supports to prevent leakage.

[0125] (2) The concrete should be poured evenly and continuously in sections and layers according to the horizontal plane. The pool wall should be poured in layers, with each layer being 30-50cm thick.

[0126] (3) Vibrating and compacting the concrete is one of the keys to the construction technology of waterproof concrete.

[0127] 1) Concrete should be vibrated carefully and thoroughly with a vibrator. The vibration time should vary according to the particle size of the aggregate and the density of the distributed steel bars. It is generally 8 to 15 seconds, with an interval of about 50 cm. Avoid missed vibration, insufficient vibration, over-vibration and collision with steel bars. It is strictly forbidden to use a vibrator to push and distribute concrete to avoid segregation or local formation of slurry pools. The time from the discharge of concrete from the mixing station to the pouring of the second layer of concrete: when the temperature is less than 25°C, it should not exceed 3h; when the temperature is greater than or equal to 25°C, it should not exceed 2.5h.

[0128] 2) Concrete vibration should be done with "fast insertion and slow withdrawal", and the upper and lower vibrations should be even. The duration of vibration at each vibration point should make the concrete surface appear floating slurry and no longer sink. At the joints of the upper and lower concrete layers, the vibrating rod should be inserted 5cm into the lower concrete layer. When pouring concrete on an inclined surface, it should be moved gradually from a low place to a high place to ensure that the concrete is dense. The tamping rod should try to avoid colliding with steel bars, formwork, embedded pipes (parts), etc.; for thin-walled structures, a small insert vibrator should be used.

[0129] 3) When pouring the surrounding concrete of reserved holes, embedded pipes, embedded parts and waterstops, manual tamping should be used to assist.

[0130] 4) Vibration of concrete: During the concrete pouring process, personnel with strong sense of responsibility and good skills are selected as vibrators. Detailed instructions are given based on the pouring characteristics of each part, and a responsibility system is established. Responsibilities are assigned to individuals, and cadres follow up on the work. Appropriate reward and punishment measures are formulated. Construction must be carried out strictly in accordance with operating specifications, and leakage, pre-vibration or over-vibration must not occur.

[0131] Concrete should be poured and vibrated in layers. The moving distance of the vibrating rod should not exceed 400mm, the vibration time should be 15-30 seconds, and it should be inserted tightly and pulled out slowly. The thickness of each layer of poured concrete should not exceed 1.25 times the length of the vibrating rod, and the maximum should not exceed 50cm; when vibrating the upper layer of concrete, it should be inserted into the lower layer of concrete by about 50mm to eliminate the joints between the two layers. The vibration time for each time is 20s-30s, until the concrete surface is horizontal and no longer sinks, no bubbles appear, and mortar appears on the surface. The insertion points of the vibrating rod are uniform, and its effective radius is 30-40cm. The moving distance of the vibrating rod should be less than 1.5 times its effective radius, and the foot of the flowing slope must be vibrated and compacted.

[0132] In order to increase the density of concrete and improve its crack resistance, lighting should be strengthened during nighttime construction, and vibrators should be placed inside the formwork when necessary. It is strictly forbidden for vibrators to vibrate the steel bars and formwork during operation. During pouring, a special person should be assigned to watch the formwork to ensure that the formwork, steel plates, holes, inserted bars, embedded parts, etc. are not displaced, run out of the formwork, or leak slurry. If any problems are found, pouring should be stopped immediately, and the poured concrete should be corrected before it solidifies.

[0133] (4) Concrete test block retention: The test blocks for evaluating the quality of concrete should be made at the pouring site, and the number of groups retained is as follows:

[0134] 1) Strength test block:

[0135] Standard curing test blocks: each work shift shall have at least one group of three blocks, and each group shall have at least one group of three blocks for every 100m3 of concrete mixed. If the concrete is less than 100m3, the test blocks shall be retained as 100m3. Test blocks for curing under the same conditions as the structure: the number required for demoulding, water testing, etc. shall be retained, and two groups shall be added for winter construction. One group is used to test the strength of the concrete before freezing, and the other group is used to test the strength after thawing and standard curing for 28 days.

[0136] 2) Anti-seepage test blocks: Each pool shall be equipped with test blocks for the bottom plate, pool wall (middle partition wall) and top plate, with no less than one group in each part and three blocks in each group. One more group will be added during winter construction to test the anti-seepage grade of the test blocks after thawing and standard curing for 28 days.

[0137] Strengthening maintenance to prevent shrinkage cracks in concrete is another key to the construction technology of anti-seepage concrete. After the waterproof concrete is poured, it should be covered and watered in time according to the temperature conditions on site. The curing time should not be less than 14 days. The curing can be removed when the outer wall of the pool is backfilled.

[0138] Construction coordination among related disciplines

[0139] 1. Coordinated construction measures between civil engineering and decoration engineering

[0140] Practice has proved that good coordination among related professional trades in decoration construction is a prerequisite for ensuring the smooth progress of the project, ensuring the quality of decoration and reducing rework waste. Therefore, the following interspersed coordination must be done in interior decoration construction.

[0141] (1) When civil engineering enters the decoration stage, a detailed monthly decoration plan should be drawn up and sent to relevant units or other trades for coordination.

[0142] (2) Civil engineering should provide the required horizontal control lines and axis control points for each floor elevation for each type of professional work. (3) The construction sequence of interior decoration should be to first carry out wet work such as mortar leveling and plastering, and then carry out secondary decoration, ceiling cover panels, paint, coatings and other surface engineering construction.

[0143] (4) Coordination with door and window projects: Civil engineering should provide openings that conform to the structure in the drawings. Interior and exterior wall decoration can only be carried out after the door and window frames are installed.

[0144] (5) When cross-coordinating construction, it is also very important to pay attention to the protection of the finished products and semi-finished products of each other. Strict handover inspections should be carried out between the upper and lower processes, and records should be kept so that when problems arise, the responsible person and the cause can be traced back in time and the problems can be solved in a timely manner.

[0145] 2. Coordinated construction measures between civil engineering and water supply and drainage engineering

[0146] (1) Construction reservation and embedding should be carried out strictly in accordance with the requirements of the drawings of this profession and at the same time meet the requirements of professional drawings such as architecture and structure.

[0147] (2) The position of the casing buried in the cast-in-place reinforced concrete should be consistent with the position in the design drawings.

[0148] (3) The casing embedded in cast-in-place reinforced concrete should be firmly connected to the surrounding steel bars during installation to avoid displacement caused by concrete pouring and vibration.

[0149] (4) After the casing buried in the cast-in-place reinforced concrete is installed in place, polystyrene foam plastic (flame retardant) is used to fill the casing to prevent the casing from being blocked by concrete pouring.

[0150] (5) When one or both ends of the casing buried in cast-in-place reinforced concrete are on the inner side of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete formwork, a red paint mark should be applied on the inner side of the formwork at the end of the casing so that the casing can be found after the formwork is removed.

[0151] (6) The embedded iron parts and other embedded parts in the cast-in-place reinforced concrete shall be selected, manufactured and embedded in accordance with the design requirements. A red paint mark shall be painted on the side of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete formwork where they are installed so that they can be found after the formwork is removed.

[0152] (7) After the casing, embedded iron and other components are embedded and installed, and before concrete pouring, the team leader, foreman and quality inspector shall check the specifications, models and embedded positions according to the drawings one by one to see if they are correct. After checking, fill in the hidden acceptance data and submit it to the supervision engineer and other relevant personnel entrusted by the owner for on-site signature.

[0153] (8) For the holes where the pipeline passes through the floor slab, steel pipes are used as hole molds. Before using the hole molds, the dirt on the surface of the hole molds should be cleaned to prevent them from being stained by the poured concrete, causing slag inclusion in the floor slab concrete, which will cause leakage along the hole molds of the floor slab when it is put into use. The hole molds must be installed according to the position in the design drawing, and then a φ6 round steel is used as a stirrup on each side of the hole mold to clamp it to prevent it from shifting during the pouring of concrete. After the floor slab concrete has initially set, slowly rotate it to remove the hole mold.

[0154] (9) The holes and casings reserved for this specialty in the construction drawings and structure drawings shall be reviewed and proofread in accordance with the drawings of this specialty together with the civil construction personnel before concrete pouring.

[0155] (10) When pouring concrete, the installers should stay close to the casing, embedded iron parts and other embedded parts so that they can quickly handle and solve problems such as displacement that may be caused by concrete pouring and vibration.

[0156] (11) After the building formwork is removed, the casing, embedded iron parts and other embedded parts should be found in time, and the filling materials in the casing should be removed.

[0157] 3. Coordination measures between civil engineering and other installation projects

[0158] (1) The direction of the wiring pipes and brackets should be coordinated with other installation sections, ensuring that the ventilation ducts are installed first, followed by the water supply ducts and then the power pipelines.

[0159] (2) It is strictly forbidden to drill holes on the reinforced concrete beams and walls of this project. In order to ensure that no hole is missed and no wire pipe is misplaced, a special person is assigned on site to check the reserved holes of the civil engineering and verify the reserved and embedded work.

[0160] (3) When it is difficult for the reserved steel pipe to pass through the steel mesh and the steel bars need to be moved, the consent of the civil engineering department should be sought, and remedial measures should be taken for the surrounding steel bars after reservation.

[0161] (4) Steel pipes are connected by sleeves. The size of the sleeve should be between 1.5 and 3 times the outer diameter of the connecting pipe, and the connecting end of the connecting pipe should be at the center of the sleeve.

[0162] (5) Avoid crossing and overlapping of piping as much as possible.

[0163] (6) For reinforced concrete beams and wall panels that need to be penetrated by casing for secondary piping, steel casing should be reserved before pouring concrete. The casing should be buried accurately and firmly connected to the surrounding steel bars after being in place to avoid displacement due to vibration. The casing should be tightly packed with foam plastic to prevent concrete from pouring in during vibration.

[0164] (7) The knocking holes of the embedded boxes and junction boxes cannot be knocked off at will, and the embedded boxes should be installed with mouth guards and lock nuts.

[0165] (8) Steel pipes should be placed in the knock-out holes of boxes and boxes should not be used as jumper wires for pipelines.

[0166] (9) All steel surface-mounted or concealed boxes are connected by steel bars.

[0167] (10) After the installation of the through-the-wall magnetic pipe of the pipeline, it should be carefully checked to prevent omissions and coordinate misalignment, and marked.

[0168] (11) Equipment embedded parts and fixings should be fixed on a firm support. If the civil support is not strong enough, reinforcement should be carried out.

[0169] (12) After the building formwork is removed, find the embedded parts and embedded boxes in time, take out the fillings in the boxes and protect the pipe openings to prevent debris from falling into the pipes.

[0170] (13) When pouring concrete, the installers should cooperate on site and take remedial measures at any time if any problems are found.

[0171] Principles of construction site layout

[0172] The layout of the construction site should take full account of various environmental factors, construction needs, noise nuisance, traffic organization, etc. The layout should be based on the following principles:

[0173] (I) The site plan is arranged and scheduled as the construction progresses. The stage plan layout needs to be adjusted separately to suit the construction focus of that period.

[0174] (2) In the plane layout, full consideration should be given to the optimization and reasonable arrangement of construction machinery and equipment, offices, roads, site entrances and exits, temporary storage areas, etc.

[0175] (III) The stacking of construction turnover materials should be located within the coverage of vertical transport machinery as far as possible, in order to reduce the occurrence of secondary handling.

[0176] (iv) Small and medium-sized machinery should be placed in a safe environment and out of the range of impact from high-altitude objects.

[0177] (V) Temporary power supplies and electrical wiring should be laid away from stairs and emergency exits with heavy traffic and areas easily hit by falling objects. Electrical wiring should be laid concealed in pipes as much as possible.

[0178] (VI) This project should focus on strengthening on-site safety management, environmental protection and civilized construction management, so that the project is always in a clean, sanitary, orderly and reasonable state, making the project a veritable green building in terms of environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0179] (VII) Control dust, sewage discharge, and waste disposal.

[0180] (8) Make full use of existing temporary facilities for construction and minimize unnecessary investment in temporary facilities.

[0181] (IX) Strict and effective measures shall be formulated for the storage and treatment of construction waste and garbage generated, and they shall be transported in a timely manner.

[0182] (10) Set up on-site roads that are convenient for transportation vehicles to pass through and ensure their reliability.

[0183] (11) Clean and maintain the roads you pass through.

[0184] Construction site layout

[0185] (I) Site enclosure

[0186] The construction site is separated from the surrounding roads and office and living areas by a lightweight fence with a height of 2.5 meters. Relevant public service advertisements and safety and civilized construction slogans are placed on the fence, and the fence is appropriately greened. The gate and fence of the construction site should be kept firm and neat, and obvious signs, slogans, eight signs and two pictures should be set up at the entrance and exit, with clear, standardized and beautiful writing; flushing facilities and return water trenches should be built at the gate according to standardization requirements.

[0187] (II) Vertical transportation machinery

[0188] 14 tower cranes and several material hoists are arranged on site to solve the problem of vertical and horizontal transportation of bulk materials. Special plans must be prepared for the foundation and installation of large equipment, which can only be implemented after approval, and the installation and use notification procedures must be completed before use.

[0189] (III) Layout of on-site production facilities

[0190] Carpentry shed and steel bar shed: Standardized assembled light steel movable sheds are used. Power distribution room: Special standardized color steel sheds are used, equipped with rat-proof nets, ventilation convection windows, sandboxes, fire extinguishers and other fire-fighting facilities. Cement barrels and dry-mixed mortar tanks: They are closed according to dust prevention requirements, public service advertisements and slogans are set up on the outside of the enclosure, and dust curtains are set up.

[0191] (IV) Arrangement of on-site office facilities

[0192] The office area is located on the southwest side of the east district. It is a two-story light steel mobile house with fences set up around it to separate it from the construction area. Parking spaces are set up in the office area and appropriate greening is carried out.

[0193] (V) Construction roads

[0194] Construction road method: 5-6m wide concrete road, replaced with 200mm thick pond slag and 150mm thick C30 commercial concrete, and the site is as connected as possible on all sides.

[0195] (VI) On-site drainage

[0196] Site drainage: Drainage ditches are set up along the road, connected to the sedimentation tank, and then discharged into the municipal rainwater system. Drainage ditch method: 240 thick brick open ditch, 100 thick C15 concrete cushion layer at the bottom of the ditch, 200 deep, 1:3 cement mortar plastering in the ditch, drainage slope 0.5%. Temporary drainage: Drainage ditches are set up around temporary facilities, and the method is the same as road drainage ditches.

[0197] (VII) General layout of construction

[0198] Temporary power supply for construction

[0199] The main line of temporary power supply for construction is laid underground from the substation designated by Party A to the main distribution cabinet, and then branched to the secondary distribution box; according to JGJ46-2005 "Technical Specifications for Temporary Power Safety at Construction Sites", the main cable line shall use three-phase five-wire armored cable, and rubber copper core cable shall be used for the conductors from the secondary distribution box to the tertiary distribution box to the construction machinery.

[0200] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure, characterized in that: The following steps are included: S1. Inspection of steel bar configuration and binding; S2, bottom plate reinforcement construction; S3, wall panel reinforcement construction; S4. Lay steel bar protection pads; S5. Concrete pouring.

2. A deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S1 are: S11. Appearance in batches Inspection and physical property test, and chemical composition analysis if necessary, the batch of steel can be used only after it passes the test; S12, steel bar connection, arc welding is used for beam main bar connection, electroslag pressure welding is used for column longitudinal bar connection, straight thread sleeve connection is used for steel bar connection ≥22; smaller steel bars in other wall panels are connected with binding hole joints, and the position of steel bar joints and binding lap length should meet the design and specification requirements; S13. Cutting and production of steel: Be familiar with the construction drawings, make good steel bar sample drawing, calculate the cutting length, which must meet the design of the drawings and relevant specifications. Steel bars should be centrally stacked and cut; S14. The prepared steel bars shall be neatly stacked according to specifications and models and marked. When stacking steel bars, wooden blocks shall be placed underneath. S15. Before tying the steel bars, first check whether the cushion layer, inserted reinforcement position, etc. are accurate. The positions of steel bar joints should be staggered, and the steel bar joints of the same section cannot exceed the design requirements.

3. A deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S2 are: S21. Place the steel bars on the concrete cushion according to the construction drawing and mark the designed positions of the steel bars; S22. Lift and transport in order, put the lower layer of steel bars into the mold first, adjust the position of the steel bars and tie them, check that the position, spacing and number of steel bars meet the requirements, and then spot weld them into shape; S23. According to the design, specification requirements and the thickness of the protective layer, special pads shall be set, and the vertical and horizontal spacing shall not exceed 1m; S24. Before the upper layer of steel bars are put into the mold, a 16-diameter steel bar is used to make a horse stool. The horse stools are placed at a distance of 1m. The horse stools and feet are placed on pads. The elevation of the top surface of the horse stool is the bottom surface height of the lowest steel bar of the upper layer. S25. While tying the bottom reinforcement, the steel pipe brackets that support the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall should also be reinforced. After the bottom reinforcement is tied, the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall is placed and fixed by the steel pipe brackets; S26. After the horse stool reinforcement is in place, tie the top steel mesh and connect it with the vertical reinforcement of the pool wall. When tying the top reinforcement, be sure to make sure that the horizontal reinforcement parallel to the pool wall is close to the vertical reinforcement. S27. Place the vertical reinforcement of the wall panels on the concrete cushion layer according to the construction drawings, and set up full-height brackets to fix the reinforcement in the construction area; S28. According to the construction drawing, place the steel bars in the mold according to the number, connect and tie the lower part of each vertical bar with the upper and lower bars of the bottom plate, and tie the steel bars of the pool wall 60cm high above the bottom plate with horizontal bars, and spot weld them with the vertical bars every 1m to form a three-dimensional skeleton; S29. Check and arrange the steel bars of the pool wall. Make original records of the steel bars in compliance with the design requirements and have them inspected and accepted by the supervising engineer; S210. Use pads to secure the vertical reinforcement and tie and fix the expansion joint reinforcement.

4. A deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S3 are: S31. Clean the dirt on the steel bars; S32, sort and adjust the spacing of steel bars; S33, tie the transverse reinforcement of the pool wall; S34. The pool wall is tied and overlapped to facilitate construction. The overlap length is constructed according to the design drawings and specifications, and the steel bars are tied with wire at the center and both ends; S35. To control the spacing between the pool walls, add Ф16 connecting bars with a spacing of 1 meter between the two steel meshes and tie them firmly in a plum blossom shape. The spacing overlap position, overlap length and anchor length all meet the design and specification requirements. When forming a shear wall, first tie the vertical steel bars, then tie the horizontal steel bars. Every two vertical steel bars are spot welded together, and each spot weld connects the steel bars at no less than two points. The position between the two layers of steel bars in the wall and slab is controlled by a horse stool with a spacing of 1000mm. After tying, it needs to be inspected and accepted by the supervising engineer. Concrete can only be poured after passing the inspection.

5. A deep foundation pit construction method of a deep foundation pit support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of step S5 are: first, pour the concrete of the base plate and the pool wall, set a construction joint 50cm away from the base plate, and do not leave a construction joint at the junction of the pool wall and the base plate. Set a steel plate water stop in the construction joint. According to the design requirements, the water stop adopts a 4mm steel plate with a width of 30cm. The water stop should be flat, clean on the surface, and free of oil and rust. There must be no sand holes, and it must be stable during installation and must not be offset. Welding is used at the joint, and the lap length is not less than 20mm, and double-sided welding is used. Concrete should be continuously poured. If it is limited by objective conditions, the interval time should be shortened as much as possible, and the sub-layer concrete should be poured before the initial setting of the previous layer of concrete.