Bionic device for regulating and controlling beam width and implementation method

Abstract

The invention relates to a bionic device for regulating and controlling beam width and an implementation method, the bionic device comprises a metal shell which is used for simulating a head skeleton of a dolphin and forming a cylindrical shape through rotation, an air cavity corresponding to a dolphin head air bag structure is cancelled, sound waves are reflected only through the boundary of a metal material and water, and the metal shell is used for simulating the head skeleton of the dolphin; mounting holes are evenly distributed in the end face of the small opening of the metal shell along the axis and used for being connected with a fixing circular ring. By simulating the biological structure of a dolphin, the wave beam width of the underwater acoustic transducer is regulated and controlled, so that the acoustic energy of the transducer is concentrated on the main shaft, the acoustic energy of the main shaft is improved, the influence of interface reflection is reduced, and the detection distance is favorably improved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of transducers, in particular to a bionic device for regulating beam width and an implementation method thereof. Background technology:

[0002] Sonar plays an extremely important role in ocean detection and has a wide range of application needs in underwater confrontation, marine scientific investigation, resource exploration and development, and seabed observation. At present, artificial active sonar is still not comparable to dolphin sonar in terms of sound beam directivity control, anti-interference, and intelligent detection. The bionic structure design based on the dolphin sound control structure can be used to control the beam width and directivity of the artificial sound source. The current method is to simulate the melanin structure of the dolphin sound velocity gradient change through an array of variable diameter metal columns, simulate the dolphin head bones through a metal plate, and simulate the air bag through an air cavity. There is a certain angle between the metal plate and the air cavity, and the metal column array is regularly arranged between the two, and as the distance between the two increases, the diameter of the metal column decreases. The bionic device is a planar structure with a certain thickness. The sound source is located on the side with a smaller distance between the metal plate and the air cavity, and emits sound to the area between the two.

[0003] Since there are many metal columns arranged regularly in the bionic device and the volume is small, the large number of metal columns will lead to a huge number of grids when conducting finite element modeling research, which has high requirements for computing resources. At the same time, the complex structure also makes the actual implementation of the bionic device more difficult. At present, the metal columns are distributed in two dimensions. After the subsequent improvement to a three-dimensional structure, the difficulty of modeling, analysis and implementation of the bionic device will increase exponentially. Summary of the invention:

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bionic device for regulating beam width and an implementation method thereof, which can regulate the beam width of an underwater acoustic transducer by imitating the biological structure of a dolphin, so that the acoustic energy of the transducer is concentrated on its main axis, thereby increasing the main axis acoustic energy and reducing the influence of interface reflection, thereby facilitating increasing the detection distance.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a bionic device for adjusting beam width, the bionic device comprising:

[0006] The metal shell is used to simulate the head bones of a dolphin, and is formed into a cylindrical shape by rotating, and the air cavity corresponding to the airbag structure of the dolphin's head is eliminated, so that the sound waves are reflected only through the boundary between the metal material and the water, simplifying the structure of the bionic device. The end surface of the small opening of the metal shell is evenly distributed along the axis with mounting holes for connection with the fixed ring;

[0007] The low sound velocity block is cone-shaped and made of silicone material, the center of the cone coincides with the center of the metal shell, and the bottom of the cone faces the opening of the metal shell to radiate sound waves outward;

[0008] A bracket, used for fixing the low-sonic velocity block in the center of the metal shell;

[0009] The transducer is a transmitting transducer that can emit sound waves in a certain constant axial direction;

[0010] The fixing ring is divided into two halves, and its cross section is L-shaped. A through hole is provided on the step at the bottom end, and the fixing ring and the transducer can be connected to the metal shell through fasteners and mounting holes on the metal shell;

[0011] The vibration isolation pad is a circular decoupling vibration isolation material with holes on its surface that match the mounting holes on the metal shell to avoid direct contact between the metal shell and the fixed ring, thereby ensuring free boundary conditions at the opening of the metal shell.

[0012] The present invention mainly plays a role in regulating the beam width of the underwater acoustic transducer by imitating the biological structure of the dolphin, so that the acoustic energy of the transducer is concentrated on its main axis. In view of the structure of the dolphin melanopteran with low sound velocity in the middle and high sound velocity in the periphery, the present invention proposes a bionic structure of a suspended conical low-sound velocity block, which simplifies the structure of the sound velocity gradient change in the dolphin melanopteran into a water-silicone two-phase structure, thereby completing the regulation of the transducer beam width. At the same time, the low-sound velocity block is fixed by a suspended structure, which simplifies the installation of the low-sound velocity block, and does not need to be designed for the structural coordination of the low-sound velocity block with the metal shell and the transducer radiation surface.

[0013] Preferably, the support is a cross structure.

[0014] Preferably, the bracket is a three-claw or five-claw structure evenly arranged along the circumference of the metal shell, or the bracket is flush with and connected to the port of the metal shell, and a cylinder extends from the center of the bracket along the axis of the metal shell and is embedded in the low sound velocity block. The main function is to fix the position of the low sound velocity block.

[0015] Preferably, the material of the low sound velocity block can be replaced by a soft material with an acoustic impedance close to that of water and a sound velocity lower than that of water. When the low sound velocity block is made of a soft material, a support rod can be embedded in the center to maintain its conical structure and prevent the low sound velocity block from being deformed due to factors such as gravity or water flow.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for implementing the above-mentioned bionic device for adjusting beam width, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Place the bracket into the injection mold of the low-sonic velocity block, with the bracket close to the bottom end of the cone of the low-sonic velocity block, inject silicone liquid, and remove the mold after solidification;

[0018] Put the bracket and the low-sonic velocity block into the metal shell, the bracket contacts the inner wall of the metal shell, the center of the low-sonic velocity block and the metal shell are kept coincident, and the bracket is bonded to the inner wall of the metal shell with water-insoluble glue;

[0019] Clamp the two fixing rings on the surface of the transducer, and fix the fixing rings and vibration isolation pads on the metal shell by bolts to ensure that the sound radiation direction of the transducer is toward the inside of the metal shell.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages after adopting the above scheme:

[0021] The present invention regulates the transducer sound field through a bionic device composed of a metal shell, water, and a low sound velocity block, thereby reducing the transducer beam width and increasing the transducer main axis sound energy. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and has high feasibility. Description of the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a bionic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a low sound velocity block and a bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of simulation of the improvement of the voltage response sent by the low sound velocity block to the bionic device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a simulation schematic diagram of improving the directivity of a bionic device by a low sound velocity block according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specific implementation method:

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0027] A bionic device for controlling beam width, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the bionic device includes a metal shell 1, a low sound velocity block 2, a bracket 3, a fixing ring 4, a vibration isolation pad 5, and a transducer 6. Among them,

[0028] The metal shell 1 is used to simulate the head bones of a dolphin and is formed into a cylindrical shape by rotation. The metal shell eliminates the air cavity corresponding to the airbag structure of the dolphin's head and only reflects sound waves through the boundary between the metal material and water, simplifying the structure of the bionic device. Four screw holes are evenly distributed along the axis on the end surface of the small opening of the metal shell 1.

[0029] The low sound velocity block 2 is cone-shaped and is made of silicone material to form a silicone block. The center of the cone coincides with the center of the metal shell 1 , and the bottom of the cone faces the opening of the metal shell 1 to radiate sound waves outward.

[0030] The bracket 3 is a cross structure. The thickness of the silicone near the bottom of the low-sonic velocity block 2 is large and the mass is heavy. When the low-sonic velocity block 2 is poured, the bracket 3 is buried in the bottom of the low-sonic velocity block 2, and the bracket 3 is fixed to the low-sonic velocity block 2 by curing the silicone. It is used to fix the low-sonic velocity block 2 in the center of the metal shell 1.

[0031] The transducer 6 is a transmitting transducer, which can transmit sound waves in a certain constant axial direction.

[0032] The fixing ring 4 is divided into two halves, and the cross section is L-shaped. There is a through hole on the bottom step, and the fixing ring 4 and the transducer 6 can be connected to the metal shell 1 through bolts and screw holes on the metal shell 1.

[0033] The vibration isolation pad 5 is a circular decoupling vibration isolation material with holes on the surface matching the screw holes on the metal shell 1 to avoid direct contact between the metal shell 1 and the fixing ring 4 and ensure free boundary conditions at the opening of the metal shell 1.

[0034] The bionic device of this embodiment can be implemented in the following ways:

[0035] Place the bracket 3 into the injection mold of the low-sonic velocity block 2, with the bracket 3 being closer to the bottom end of the cone of the low-sonic velocity block 2. Infuse the silicone liquid and remove the mold after solidification;

[0036] Put the bracket 3 and the low-sonic-velocity block 2 into the metal shell 1, so that the bracket 3 contacts the inner wall of the metal shell 1, so that the center of the low-sonic-velocity block 2 and the metal shell 1 remain coincident, and use water-insoluble glue to bond the bracket 3 to the inner wall of the metal shell 1;

[0037] The two fixing rings 4 are clamped on the surface of the transducer 6, and the fixing rings 4 and the vibration isolation pads 5 are fixed to the metal shell 1 by bolts. Ensure that the sound radiation direction of the transducer 6 is toward the inside of the metal shell 1.

[0038] The simulation results of the voltage response and directivity of the bionic device with and without the conical silicone block are shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the conical silicone block can enhance the voltage response of the bionic device and reduce the beam width of the bionic device.

[0039] The present invention regulates the transducer sound field through a bionic device composed of a metal shell, water, and a low sound velocity block, thereby reducing the transducer beam width and increasing the transducer main axis sound energy. The present invention has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and has high feasibility.

[0040] It should be noted that the bracket can be other structures, such as three claws or five claws evenly arranged along the circumference of the metal shell, or the bracket is flush with and connected to the port of the metal shell, and a cylinder is extended from the center of the bracket along the axis of the metal shell and embedded in the low-sonic velocity block. The low-sonic velocity block and the bracket are similar to a plumb structure. The low-sonic velocity block can also be made of other materials, characterized by a softer material, an acoustic impedance similar to that of water, and a sound speed lower than that of water. When the low-sonic velocity block is made of a softer material, a support rod can be embedded in its center to maintain its conical structure and prevent the low-sonic velocity block from being deformed due to factors such as gravity or water flow.

[0041] The fixing ring and vibration isolation pad of the present invention may be other structures, such as the transducer is directly connected to the test rod through a clamp, and is not directly fixed to the bionic structure. For example, the transducer is connected to the metal shell through a rubber tube and glue.

[0042] Similarly, the bionic device of the present invention can also perform beam control on commonly used underwater acoustic transducers such as curved disk transducers and circular tube transducers.

[0043] The above is only an explanation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as a limitation on the claims. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process changes made using the present invention specification are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic device for controlling beam width, characterized in that: Bionic devices include: The metal shell simulates the dolphin's head skeleton and is formed into a cylindrical shape by rotating. The air cavity corresponding to the dolphin's head airbag structure is eliminated, and sound waves are reflected only through the boundary between the metal material and the water. The end surface of the small opening of the metal shell is provided with mounting holes along the axis for connection with the fixed ring. The low sound velocity block is conical in shape and made of silicone material. The center of the cone coincides with the center of the metal shell, and the bottom of the cone faces the opening of the metal shell to radiate sound waves outward; a bracket, used for fixing the low-sonic-velocity block in the center of the metal shell; The transducer is a transmitting transducer that can emit sound waves in a constant axial direction; The fixing ring is divided into two halves, and its cross section is L-shaped. A through hole is provided on the bottom step, and the fixing ring and the transducer can be connected to the metal shell through fasteners and mounting holes on the metal shell; The vibration isolation pad is a circular decoupling and vibration isolation material with holes on its surface that match the mounting holes on the metal shell to avoid direct contact between the metal shell and the fixed ring, ensuring free boundary conditions at the opening of the metal shell.

2. The bionic device for controlling beam width according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting holes are evenly distributed along the axis.

3. The bionic device for controlling beam width according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket has a cross structure.

4. The bionic device for controlling beam width according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket is a three-claw or five-claw structure evenly arranged along the circumference of the metal shell, or the bracket is flush with and connected to the port of the metal shell, and a cylinder extends from the center of the bracket along the axis of the metal shell and is embedded in the low sound velocity block.

5. The bionic device for controlling beam width according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the low-sound velocity block can be replaced by a soft material with an acoustic impedance close to that of water and a sound velocity lower than that of water. When the low-sound velocity block is made of a soft material, a support rod can be embedded in its center to maintain its conical structure and prevent the low-sound velocity block from being deformed due to factors such as gravity or water flow.

6. The method for implementing a bionic device for controlling beam width according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Place the bracket into the injection mold of the low-sonic-velocity block, with the bracket close to the bottom end of the cone of the low-sonic-velocity block, inject silicone liquid, and remove the mold after solidification; Place the bracket and the low-sound velocity block into the metal shell, with the bracket in contact with the inner wall of the metal shell, so that the center of the low-sound velocity block and the metal shell remain coincident, and use glue to bond the bracket to the inner wall of the metal shell; Clamp the two fixing rings on the surface of the transducer, and fix the fixing rings and vibration isolation pads to the metal shell with bolts to ensure that the sound radiation direction of the transducer is toward the inside of the metal shell.

Images