A fungicidal composition containing isopropothiofungin and thiamethoxam

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a fungicidal composition containing isopropyl thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam. The active ingredients of the fungicidal composition are (A) isopropyl thiamethoxam and (B) thiamethoxam, wherein the weight ratio of component (A) to component (B) is 15:1-1:15, and the total weight of isopropyl thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam in the composition is 5%-90% by weight. According to the actual application needs, the fungicidal composition can be prepared into any one of water emulsion, microemulsion, suspension, water dispersible granule and wettable powder, and is used for preventing and treating common fungal and bacterial diseases in agricultural production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a new field of pesticide technology, and particularly relates to a fungicidal composition containing isofetamid and thiabendazole for preventing and treating crop diseases. BACKGROUND

[0002] Isofetamid belongs to phenyloxothiophene amide compounds, is a SDHI fungicide with thiophene amide structure, and its mechanism of action is to act on the mitochondria respiration of pathogenic bacteria, to inhibit the electron transfer from succinic acid to ubiquinone by completely or partially occupying the ubiquinone site, thereby blocking the energy metabolism of pathogenic bacteria, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and leading to the death of pathogenic bacteria, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and treating plant diseases. Isofetamid is broad-spectrum and high-efficiency, and has the effects of protection, treatment, penetration (or local internal absorption), and can effectively control Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes fungi, and prevent and treat many leaf and soil-borne diseases. It is mainly used for fruit trees, vegetables, grapes, oilseed rape, dwarf berry and berry, and the like, to prevent and treat diseases caused by Sclerotinia spp., Botrytis spp., Monilia spp., and the like, such as gray mold, scab, powdery mildew, anthracnose, brown spot, apple black spot, and the like.

[0003] Thiabendazole belongs to thiazole heterocyclic compounds, is a new type of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and broad-spectrum fungicide, and its mechanism of action is: by combining with the anion on the surface of the cell membrane of bacteria and fungi or reacting with sulfhydryl, the synthesis system of protein and cell membrane is destroyed, so as to effectively inhibit the reproduction of bacteria and fungi, interfere with the metabolism of pathogenic bacteria, cause physiological disorder, and lead to the death of pathogenic bacteria. The compound is mainly used for preventing and treating common diseases such as rot disease, anthracnose, black spot, leaf spot, downy mildew and the like on crops.

[0004] JP2015044791A discloses an agrochemical composition containing a component selected from 1,2-benzisothiazole derivatives as an active ingredient, and one or more other compounds such as clothianidin, imidacloprid, dinotefuran, and flubendiamide.

[0005] With the universal occurrence of global agricultural fungal and bacterial diseases, the use amount of pesticides is increasing year by year, and the problem of pathogen resistance is also increasing, and the types of pathogenic bacteria with resistance are also increasing. At the same time, the high-intensity use of pesticides and non-standard use of pesticides also lead to excessive pesticide residues in agricultural products, resulting in a series of food safety problems, and greatly increasing the cost of farmers' use of pesticides, which is not conducive to the green, healthy and sustainable development of agriculture. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application finds through indoor and field efficacy tests that isoprothiolane and thiabendazole have good control effects on fungal and bacterial diseases within a certain ratio range, and the synergistic effect of the two is obvious. The combination greatly reduces the use amount of pesticides to a certain extent, and also reduces the cost of farmers and the risk of disease resistance, which has a positive significance for the sustainable development of agriculture. Based on this, the present application is completed.

[0007] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a fungicidal composition with obvious synergistic effect, wide fungicidal spectrum, long persistence, low toxicity and residue, low cost, safety to crops, no drug harm, and not easy to produce resistance.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present application is: a fungicidal composition containing isoprothiolane and thiabendazole, the effective components of which are isoprothiolane and thiabendazole, and the weight ratio of the two is 15:1-1:15.

[0009] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the weight ratio of isoprothiolane and thiabendazole is preferably 10:1-1:10, for example 10:1, 9:1, 8:1, 7:1, 6:1, 5:1, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10; more preferably 5:1-1:5.

[0010] In the fungicidal composition of the present application, the total weight of isoprothiolane and thiabendazole in the composition is 5%-90% by weight, preferably 10%-60% by weight, and the rest is agricultural adjuvant allowed to be added and used in agricultural production.

[0011] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the fungicidal composition containing isoprothiolane and thiabendazole can be prepared into a suitable agricultural dosage form by adding suitable pesticide adjuvant according to the method known to those skilled in the art, including but not limited to: water emulsion, microemulsion, suspension concentrate, water dispersible granule, wettable powder.

[0012] In the preferred embodiment of the present application, the agricultural dosage form prepared from the pesticide composition is preferably a suspension concentrate.

[0013] In the preparation process of the fungicidal composition dosage form of the present application, the pesticide adjuvant used includes dispersant, wetting agent, emulsifier, thickening agent, preservative, defoamer, antifreeze, etc., and the specific adjuvant is also known. The adjuvant helps the effective component to be stable in the formula system and to exert the drug efficacy, and is common and allowed to be used in pesticide preparation.

[0014] For example, the auxiliary ingredients in the suspension concentrate include but are not limited to:

[0015] The dispersing agent can be selected from one or a mixture of several of alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, cresol sulfonic acid / naphthol sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, N-methyl fatty sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, lignin sulfonate, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkyl phosphate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, alkyl (aryl) phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, etc.

[0016] The wetting agent can be selected from one or a mixture of several of nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkanol amide polyoxyethylene ether, phosphate or sulfate salt, alkyl polyoxyethylene ether succinic acid ester sulfonate, alkyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, lignin sulfonate, polycarboxylate, etc.

[0017] The emulsifier can be selected from one or a mixture of several of polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer, emulsifier BP, styryl phenyl polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, etc.

[0018] The thickening agent can be selected from one or a mixture of several of gum arabic, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, gaseous silicon dioxide, magnesium aluminum silicate, carboxyethyl cellulose, carboxypropyl cellulose, sodium acrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, bentonite, white carbon, etc.

[0019] The preservative can be selected from one or a mixture of several of carboxin, formaldehyde, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, sodium sorbate, isothiazolinone, etc.

[0020] The defoaming agent can be selected from one or a mixture of several of silicone, silicone-based compound, C10-20 saturated fatty acid-based compound, C8-10 middle fatty alcohol, hexanol, butanol, etc.

[0021] The antifreezing agent can be selected from one or a mixture of several of glycerol-ethyl ether diethylene glycol, methyl propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, urea, etc.

[0022] The water is deionized water.

[0023] Another aspect of the present application relates to a method for controlling agricultural diseases using the above-mentioned fungicidal composition containing isopropothiofuran and thiabendazole, which specifically involves contacting the fungicidal composition with a crop or an agricultural pathogenic fungus, and inhibiting the normal growth of the pathogenic fungus until death to achieve the purpose of controlling agricultural diseases. The method of application is not particularly limited, and can be applied in a manner known to those skilled in the art, for example, by spraying. The frequency and amount of application are not particularly limited, and can be changed according to the type of crop, the growth period, the occurrence of diseases, and weather changes, and an effective control of diseases can be achieved by using an appropriate dose.

[0024] In the method of the present application, the crop is not particularly limited and can be any known conventional crop, preferably lettuce, peanut, strawberry, tomato. The agricultural disease is not particularly limited and can be any known agricultural disease, preferably lettuce sclerotinia, peanut brown spot, strawberry gray mold, and tomato gray mold.

[0025] Another aspect of the present application relates to the use of the fungicidal composition containing iprovalicarb and tiadinil for controlling agricultural diseases. In the use of the present application, the application method and the application amount are as described above.

[0026] In the use of the present application, the agricultural disease is not particularly limited and can be any known agricultural disease, preferably lettuce sclerotinia, peanut brown spot, strawberry gray mold, tomato gray mold, and the like. The fungicidal composition containing iprovalicarb and tiadinil of the present application exhibits excellent synergistic effect in controlling the above-mentioned agricultural diseases.

[0027] The present application has the following advantages:

[0028] (1) The effective components of the fungicidal composition provided by the present application are iprovalicarb and tiadinil, which exhibit obvious synergistic effect within a certain ratio range, and the control effect of the composition is obviously better than that of a single agent, greatly reducing the application amount of pesticides, reducing the impact of pesticides on the environment, and saving the cost of using pesticides.

[0029] (2) The effective components of the fungicidal composition provided by the present application have different mechanisms of action and more action sites, delaying or overcoming the development of pathogenic bacteria resistance, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the product, improving the utilization rate, and being conducive to the comprehensive control of diseases.

[0030] (3) The fungicidal composition of the present application has good control effect on lettuce sclerotinia, peanut brown spot, strawberry gray mold, tomato gray mold, and the like, and is safe to use without adverse effects, meeting the requirements of national food safety. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions and technical effects of the present application will be further described below in combination with specific examples, but the implementation manner of the present application is not limited to the scope described in the examples.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the percentages described in the present application are all weight percentages. The instruments, reagents, materials, and the like involved in the following examples are all conventional instruments, reagents, materials, and the like in the prior art, which can be obtained through a regular commercial channel, unless otherwise specified.

[0033] The test methods, detection methods, etc. involved in the following examples are all conventional test methods, detection methods, etc. in the prior art, unless otherwise specified. The active ingredients are calculated as effective ingredients.

[0034] In this experiment, the method of combining indoor virulence determination and field test was adopted. First, the appropriate ratio was screened through indoor virulence determination, and then field test was carried out on this basis.

[0035] I. Preparation Examples

[0036] Example 1 (15+1) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0037]

[0038] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0039] Example 2 (20+2) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0040]

[0041] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0042] Example 3 (15+3) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0043]

[0044] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0045] Example 4 (5+5) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0046]

[0047] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0048] Example 5 (3+15) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0049]

[0050] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension concentrate.

[0051] Example 6 (2+20) % Isotianil · Bupirimate Suspension Concentrate

[0052]

[0053] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered through zirconium beads to obtain a suspension agent.

[0054] Example 7 (1+15) % Isoprothiolane · Bacillus thuringiensis Suspending Agent

[0055]

[0056] The above components are mixed in proportion, ground or high-speed sheared for a certain period of time, and then filtered to obtain a suspension agent.

[0057] I. Indoor bioassay activity determination

[0058] Example 1: Screening of isoprothiolane and thiamethoxam for lettuce sclerotinia complex ratio and determination of co-toxicity coefficient

[0059] 1.1 Test strain

[0060] The test lettuce sclerotinia complex is caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Libert) de Bery of Ascomycota Sclerotiniaceae, which is provided by the Fungal Disease Research Room of the College of Agriculture, Zhejiang Agricultural University.

[0061] 1.2 Test medium

[0062] Potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) is used: potato 200 g, glucose 20 g, agar 20 g, and deionized water is added to 1000 ml.

[0063] 1.3 Test agent

[0064] 95% isoprothiolane technical material (Japan Ishihara Industry Co., Ltd.), 95% thiamethoxam technical material (Shaanxi Xidahuawate Science and Technology Industry Co., Ltd.). 95% isoprothiolane technical material and 95% thiamethoxam technical material are respectively dissolved with DMF to prepare a mother liquor, which is diluted with sterile water containing 2% Tween 80 when used.

[0065] 1.4 Isoprothiolane and thiamethoxam against lettuce sclerotinia complex indoor toxicity determination

[0066] Test method: mycelial growth rate method according to “Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China NY / T 1156.2-006”.

[0067] The prepared different proportion of the medicament was sequentially taken 1 ml by using a pipette gun and added into a sterilized and temperature cooled to 40-50 DEG C conical flask containing 44 ml PDA medium, fully mixed and then evenly poured into 3 culture dishes to prepare the corresponding concentration of the drug-containing plate, and the blank control was set without containing the medicament (using 2% Tween 80-containing sterile water instead of the medicament). The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum of lettuce which was cultured at 25 DEG C for 2-3 days was punched along the colony edge by using a sterilized puncher with a diameter of 5 mm under sterile conditions to obtain a fungus cake, and then the fungus cake was inoculated in the center of the PDA plate containing the medicament by using an inoculator, with the mycelium facing down, and then the dish cover was inverted and placed in a 25 DEG C artificial incubator for culture for 3 days. The colony diameter was measured by using the cross method, and the average value of 3 repetitions of each concentration was taken. Then the EC 50 of the pathogenic bacteria of the different proportion of the medicament was calculated, and the synergism of the mixture was determined by using the co-toxicity coefficient method (CTC), and the specific calculation method was as follows:

[0068] A single agent in the mixture was taken as a standard medicament (usually the EC 50 of the lower one was selected), and the calculation was carried out:

[0069] The actual toxicity index (ATI) = (the EC 50 of the standard medicament / the EC 50 of the tested medicament) x 100

[0070] The theoretical toxicity index (TTI) = the toxicity index of the A medicament x the percentage content of A in the mixture + the toxicity index of the B medicament x the percentage content of B in the mixture

[0071] The co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = [the actual toxicity index (ATI) of the mixture / the theoretical toxicity index (TTI) of the mixture] x 100

[0072] The co-toxicity coefficient classification: the mixture shows synergistic effect when the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is greater than or equal to 120, shows antagonistic effect when the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is less than or equal to 80, and shows additive effect when the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is between 80 and 120.

[0073] Table 1 Indoor joint toxicity determination of iprovalicarb and thiamethoxam on lettuce Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

[0074] Name of agent and ratio Ratio EC 50 (mg / L) ATI TTI CTC Isoprothiolane (A) —— 1.75 100.00 Thiachloprid (B) —— 26.37 6.64 A:B 15:1 1.28 136.72 94.16 145.19 A:B 10:1 1.15 152.17 91.51 166.29 A:B 5:1 1.14 153.51 84.44 181.80 A:B 1:1 2.39 73.22 53.32 137.33 A:B 1:5 4.61 37.96 22.20 171.02 A:B 1:10 7.58 23.09 15.12 152.65 A:B 1:15 10.25 17.07 12.47 136.90

[0075] As shown in Table 1, the EC 501.75 mg / L and 26.37 mg / L, respectively, and showed good synergistic effect on lettuce sclerotinia disease when the ratio of the two was 15:1-1:15, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was greater than 120, especially when the ratio was 5:1, the synergistic effect was more significant, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was 181.80. Therefore, it is reasonable and operable to compound iprovalicarb and baguchi.

[0076] Example 2: Screening of the compound ratio of iprovalicarb and baguchi on peanut brown spot and determination of co-toxicity coefficient

[0077] 2.1 Test pathogen

[0078] The test peanut brown spot pathogen was Cercospora arachidicola Hori collected from naturally occurring peanut leaves in Zhengyang, Henan Province. The conidia of peanut brown spot pathogen were picked from the typical symptom of peanut leaf spot and placed in sterile water for 3 min. The conidial suspension was spread on water agar plates, and then a single spore was picked with a inoculation needle and placed on potato dextrose (PDA) medium. After 26°C dark incubation in an incubator, the pathogen was identified by observing the colony and spore morphology and comparing the ITS sequence. The pathogen was then transferred to PDA plates, and after the mycelium grew, the colonies were picked with an inoculation needle and transferred to PDA slants, which were stored at 4°C for future use.

[0079] 2.2 Test medium

[0080] Potato dextrose agar medium (PDA) was used: potato 200 g, glucose 20 g, agar 20 g, and deionized water to 1000 ml.

[0081] 2.3 Test fungicides

[0082] 95% iprovalicarb technical material (Japan Ishihara Industry Co., Ltd.), 95% baguchi technical material (Shaanxi Xidahuatai Technology Industry Co., Ltd.). The 95% iprovalicarb technical material and the 95% baguchi technical material were dissolved in DMF to prepare the stock solution, and when used, it was diluted with sterile water containing 2% Tween 80.

[0083] 2.4 In vitro toxicity determination of iprovalicarb and baguchi on peanut brown spot

[0084] Test method: mycelial growth rate method according to "Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China NY / T1156.2-006".

[0085] The prepared different proportions of the medicament were sequentially taken 1 ml by a pipette gun and added into a sterilized and temperature cooled to 40-50 DEG C conical flask containing 44 ml PDA medium, and then mixed thoroughly and poured into 3 culture dishes averagely to prepare the corresponding concentration of the drug-containing plates, and the blank control was set without the medicament (instead of the medicament with 2% Tween 80 in sterile water). The sterile puncher with a diameter of 5 mm was used to punch the mycelium cake along the edge of the colony under aseptic conditions, and then the punched mycelium cake was inoculated into the center of the drug-containing medium by an inoculator with the mycelium facing downward, and the dish cover was covered, each treatment was repeated for 3 times, and finally placed in a constant temperature incubator at 28 DEG C. When the blank peanut brown spot pathogen was about to grow on the culture dish, the colony diameter in each culture dish was measured by the cross method, and the average value of 3 repeats of each concentration was taken. Then the EC 50 of the pathogen was calculated, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated by the co-toxicity coefficient method to determine the synergism of the mixture, and the specific calculation method was the same as above.

[0086] Table 2 Indoor joint toxicity determination of iprovalicarb and thiamethoxam mixtures for peanut brown spot

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] From table 2, the EC 50 of iprovalicarb and thiamethoxam for controlling peanut brown spot were 2.15 mg / L and 32.46 mg / L respectively, and when the ratio of the two was 15:1-1:15, both of them showed good synergistic effect for controlling peanut brown spot, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was greater than 120, especially when the ratio was 5:1, the synergistic effect was more significant, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was 173.22. It can be seen that the mixture of iprovalicarb and thiamethoxam has rationality and operability.

[0090] Example 3: Screening of the mixture ratio of iprovalicarb and thiamethoxam for strawberry gray mold and determination of the co-toxicity coefficient

[0091] 3.1 Test pathogen

[0092] The test strawberry gray mold was caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers belonging to the Deuteromycotina fungi, which was provided by the Plant Pathology Research Room of the Plant Protection Department of Guizhou University.

[0093] 3.2 Test medium

[0094] Potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium was used: potato 200 g, glucose 20 g, agar 20 g, and deionized water was added to 1000 ml.

[0095] 3.3 Test fungicides

[0096] 95% iprovalicarb TC (Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.), 95% benthival TC (Shaanxi Xidahuatai Science and Technology Industry Co., Ltd.). The 95% iprovalicarb TC and 95% benthival TC were dissolved in DMF to prepare the stock solution, and then diluted with sterile water containing 2% Tween 80 when used.

[0097] 3.4 Toxicity determination of iprovalicarb and benthival against strawberry gray mold

[0098] Test method: mycelial growth rate method according to the Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China NY / T 1156.2-006.

[0099] The prepared different proportions of fungicides were sequentially taken 1 ml with a pipette gun and added to a sterilized and temperature-cooled to 40-50°C conical flask containing 44 ml PDA medium, mixed thoroughly, and then evenly poured into 3 culture dishes to prepare the corresponding concentration of fungicide-containing plates. The blank control was set without fungicide-containing medium (sterile water containing 2% Tween 80 instead of fungicide). Under sterile conditions, a sterile puncher was used to punch 5 mm of the fungus cake from the edge of the strawberry gray mold pathogen cultured on PDA medium for 3 days, and then the punched fungus cake was inoculated into the center of the fungicide-containing medium with the mycelium facing down, covered with a dish cover, repeated every 3 times, and then placed in a 25°C artificial incubator for culture. After 5 days of inoculation, the mycelial growth was checked and the colony diameter in each culture dish was measured by cross method. The average value of 3 repeats of each concentration was taken, and then the EC 50 of the different proportions of fungicides against the pathogen was calculated, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated by co-toxicity coefficient method to determine the synergistic effect of the mixture, and the specific calculation method was the same as before.

[0100] Table 3 Indoor joint toxicity determination of iprovalicarb and benthival against strawberry gray mold

[0101] Name of agent and ratio Ratio EC50 (mg / L) ATI TTI CTC Isoprothiolane (A) —— 2.67 100.00 Thiachloprid (B) —— 18.36 14.54 A:B 15:1 1.92 139.06 94.66 146.91 A:B 10:1 1.75 152.57 92.23 165.42 A:B 5:1 1.66 160.84 85.76 187.56 A:B 1:1 3.07 86.97 57.27 151.86 A:B 1:5 5.29 50.47 28.79 175.34 A:B 1:10 8.18 32.64 22.31 146.30 A:B 1:15 9.87 27.05 19.88 136.05

[0102] As shown in Table 3, the EC 50 of iprovalicarb and benthival against strawberry gray mold were 2.67 mg / L and 18.36 mg / L, respectively, and when the proportion of the two was 15:1-1:15, both showed good synergistic effect against strawberry gray mold, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was greater than 120, especially when the proportion was 5:1, the synergistic effect was more significant, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was 187.56. Therefore, the combination of iprovalicarb and benthival is reasonable and operable.

[0103] Example 4: Screening of the proportion of iprovalicarb and benthival against tomato gray mold and determination of co-toxicity coefficient

[0104] 4.1 Test pathogen

[0105] The test tomato gray mold, the pathogen is Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr, belongs to the Deuteromycotina Botrytis fungi, provided by the Plant Protection and Pathology Research Room of Nanjing Agricultural University, stored at 4℃.

[0106] 4.2 Test medium

[0107] Potato sucrose agar (PSA) medium was used: 200 g of potato, 20 g of sucrose, 20 g of agar, and deionized water was added to make up to 1000 ml.

[0108] 4.3 Test fungicides

[0109] 95% prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad (Japan Ishihara Industry Co., Ltd.), 95% prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad (Shaanxi Xidahuatai Technology Industry Co., Ltd.). 95% prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad and 95% prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad were dissolved in DMF to prepare the stock solution, and when used, it was diluted with sterile water containing 2% Tween 80.

[0110] 4.4 Toxicity determination of prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad on tomato gray mold

[0111] Test method: mycelial growth rate method according to "Agricultural Industry Standard of the People's Republic of China NY / T1156.2-006".

[0112] The prepared different proportions of pesticides were sequentially taken 1 ml with a pipette gun and added to a sterilized and temperature cooled to 40-50℃ conical flask containing 44 ml of PSA medium, mixed thoroughly, and then evenly poured into 3 culture dishes to prepare the corresponding concentration of drug-containing plates, and the medium without drug was set as the blank control (instead of the pesticide with 2% Tween 80 sterile water). Under sterile conditions, 5 mm of mycelial cake was punched from the edge of the tomato gray mold pathogen plate with a sterile puncher at 25℃ for 4 days, and then the punched mycelial cake was inoculated into the center of the drug-containing medium with the mycelium facing down, covered with a dish cover, repeated 3 times for each treatment, and then placed in a 25℃ artificial incubator for culture. After 5 days of inoculation, the mycelial growth was checked and the colony diameter in each culture dish was measured by cross method, and the average value of 3 repeats of each concentration was taken. Then the EC 50 of the different proportions of pesticides on the pathogen was calculated, and the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) was calculated by co-toxicity coefficient method to determine the synergism of the mixture, and the specific calculation method was the same as before.

[0113] Table 4 Indoor joint toxicity determination of prothioconazole-tolfenpyrad on tomato gray mold

[0114] Name of agent and ratio Ratio EC50 (mg / L) ATI TTI CTC Isoprothiolane (A) —— 1.32 100.00 Thiachloprid (B) —— 15.67 8.42 A:B 15:1 1.01 130.69 94.28 138.63 A:B 10:1 0.93 141.94 91.67 154.82 A:B 5:1 0.88 150.00 84.74 177.02 A:B 1:1 1.64 80.49 54.21 148.47 A:B 1:5 3.39 38.94 23.69 164.39 A:B 1:10 5.21 25.34 16.75 151.27 A:B 1:15 7.34 17.98 14.15 127.12

[0115] As shown in Table 4, the EC values ​​of isoflurane and thiophanate-methyl for controlling tomato gray mold are 50 The concentrations of thiophanate-methyl and thiophanate-methyl were 1.32 mg / L and 15.67 mg / L, respectively. When the ratio of the two was 15:1 to 1:15, they exhibited a good synergistic effect against tomato gray mold, with a co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) greater than 120. The synergistic effect was particularly significant at a ratio of 5:1, with a CTC of 177.02. This demonstrates the rationality and feasibility of combining isoprofen-methyl and thiophanate-methyl.

[0116] 3. Field efficacy test

[0117] Example 1: Field efficacy test of a combination of isoflurane and thiamethoxam against lettuce sclerotinia rot

[0118] The experimental site was located in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, and consisted of a transplanted lettuce field. The experimental field had flat terrain, medium fertility, a pH of 6.5, and an organic matter content of 4.5%. The lettuce growth and planting density in the experimental field were uniform and consistent.

[0119] Experimental treatment: The experimental agent 18% isoflurane-thiophanate suspension (Formulation Example 3) was set at 750, 1000, and 1500 times of liquid for three treatments, 5% thiophanate suspension was set at 1000 times, 15% isoflurane suspension was set at 1200 times and clear water control was set at 6 treatments, 4 replicates, a total of 24 plots, each plot area was 25m 2 .

[0120] Application situation: After the lettuce was transplanted and survived, the first application of pesticide was done at the rosette stage (August 10), the second application on August 17, and the third application on August 24. According to the experimental design, 667m 2 Add 60kg of water and use a backpack-type manual sprayer to spray evenly, focusing on the middle and lower parts of the plant.

[0121] Survey and Recording Method: 12 days after the third application, when the lettuce sclerotinia disease was stable, the efficacy of the drug was investigated. Samples were taken at five checkerboard-like points in the middle of each plot, with five plants surveyed at each point. The number of diseased plants was counted, and the disease index and control efficacy were calculated. The significance of the differences was also determined. The grading standards for lettuce sclerotinia disease are as follows:

[0122] Level 0 – no disease;

[0123] Level 1: There are a few lesions at the base of the stem or leaves;

[0124] Level 2 – Nearly one-third of the stem base or outer leaves are rotten;

[0125] Level 3 - More than one-third of the plant is rotten.

[0126] Pharmacodynamic calculation method: according to the national standard "Guidelines for Pesticide Field Test (I)" method to calculate; disease index, control effect. Duncan's new complex difference (DMRT) method was used for significant analysis of the control effect. The safety of the agent on lettuce was investigated during the test.

[0127] Disease index = 100 x ∑ (level of leaf number x level representative value) / (total leaf number x highest level representative value)

[0128] Control effect (%) = (CK1-P1) / CK1 x 100

[0129] P1 disease index: disease index after treatment in the treatment area;

[0130] CK1 disease index: disease index after treatment in the control area;

[0131] The results are shown in Table 5:

[0132] Table 5 Field control statistics of each treatment agent on lettuce sclerotinia

[0133]

[0134]

[0135] Note: different lowercase letters in the same column represent significant difference (P <0.05) between treatments.

[0136] As can be seen from Table 5, when the preparation example 3: 18% isopropyl thiamethoxam · bupirimate SC is diluted 750 times, the effect of controlling lettuce sclerotinia is the best, the control effect is 91.59%, at the same time, when the dilution multiple is 1000 times, 1500 times, the control effect is 86.62%, 79.75% respectively, compared with 5% bupirimate SC and 15% isopropyl thiamethoxam SC, both have good control effect, and the effective period is long. In addition, by observing the growth of lettuce in the field, it is found that within the normal range of drug use, the growth of lettuce is good, and no drug damage phenomenon is found, therefore, it is proved that isopropyl thiamethoxam and bupirimate under this ratio are safe for lettuce. At the same time, the agent also has a good preventive effect on the occurrence of lettuce soft rot in the field.

[0137] Example 2: Field efficacy test of isopropyl thiamethoxam and bupirimate composition preparation on peanut brown spot

[0138] Test site selection: carried out in peanut test field in Baicheng Township, Shangcai County, Zhumadian, Henan Province, the test field was sandy loam soil, the variety was peanut variety Huayu 23 susceptible to brown spot, the cultivation method was open field ridge cultivation, the management measures were relatively consistent, the fertilizer and water management was in the middle and upper level, and the peanut growth was basically consistent. When the test was first applied, the peanut brown spot was in the early stage of disease and had no obvious disease performance.

[0139] Test treatment: 18% iprovalicarb+thiachopone suspension concentrate (Example 3) set 750, 1000, 1500 times liquid 3 treatments, 5% thiachopone suspension concentrate set 1000 times, 15% iprovalicarb suspension concentrate 1200 times and water control a total of 6 treatments, 4 times of each treatment, random arrangement, a total of 24 plots, each plot area is 15m 2 .

[0140] Application: The test was carried out in June 2024, 667m 2 kg of water was used for application, and a knapsack manual sprayer was used to uniformly spray the front and back leaf surface of peanuts, and the wetness was stopped, a total of 3 times of spraying, the first time of spraying was when peanut brown spot disease sporadic occurred, and then sprayed once every 7d, a total of 3 times. The application time was June 8, 15 and 23 respectively.

[0141] Investigation and recording method: The control effect investigation was carried out during the stable period of peanut brown spot disease, and the specific investigation time was 10d after the last application according to the jumping method. The interval investigation was 5 rows in each plot, and 10 plants in each row. According to the following calculation formula, the disease index and field control effect were calculated, and the difference significance was determined. The peanut yield was measured after the peanut in each treatment plot was harvested and dried, and compared with CK. The yield increase rate was calculated to compare the influence of different types of fungicides and dosage on peanut yield. The peanut brown spot disease grading standard is as follows:

[0142] 1st level - no symptoms, leaf area loss rate is 0%;

[0143] 3rd level - many disease spots on lower leaves, obvious leaf fall, a small amount of disease spots on middle leaves, leaf area loss rate is 6%-10%;

[0144] 5th level - all middle and lower leaves are diseased, lower leaves fall by 50%, leaf area loss rate is 21%-30%;

[0145] 7th level - serious disease spots on middle and lower leaves, serious leaf fall, upper leaves also have disease spots, leaf area loss rate is 41%-60%;

[0146] 9th level - almost all leaves fall, only a small amount of upper leaves with disease spots, leaf area loss rate is 81%-100%.

[0147] Pharmacodynamic calculation method: according to the method of national standard "Guidelines for Pesticide Field Test (I)"; disease index and control effect were calculated. Duncan's new multiple range (DMRT) method was used for significant analysis of control effect. The safety of the agent to peanuts was investigated during the test process. (Disease index and control effect are the same as field example one.)

[0148] The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7:

[0149] Table 6 Field control statistics of each treatment agent on peanut brown spot

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] Table 7 Effect of each treatment agent on peanut yield

[0153]

[0154] Note: Different lower case letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments.

[0155] As can be seen from Tables 6 and 7, when the formulation example 3: 18% iprovalicarb · bupirimate SC is diluted 750 times, the effect of controlling peanut brown spot is the best, with a control effect of 87.86%. When the dilution multiple is 1000 and 1500, the control effects are 79.32% and 76.78%, respectively. Compared with 5% bupirimate SC and 15% iprovalicarb SC, both have good control effects and long lasting effects. Through yield measurement, the yield increase of peanuts is the largest, which is 33.28%, and the yield increase effect is significant. In addition, when diluted 1000 times and 1500 times, it also has a good yield increase effect on peanut brown spot. At the same time, the growth of peanuts in the field is observed. Within the normal range of use, the growth of peanuts is good, and no any phytotoxicity is found. It is an ideal agent for controlling peanut brown spot.

[0156] Example 3: Field efficacy test of iprovalicarb and bupirimate composition preparation on strawberry gray mold

[0157] Test site selection: The test was carried out in a facility greenhouse in Shifuzi Town, Anqiu, Shandong. The strawberry variety was "Red Beauty", the soil was clay loam, the organic matter content was 3.75%, and the pH was 6.8. The test strawberry was transplanted on September 10, 2022. The planted greenhouse was a three-span greenhouse, each span was 6m wide and 60m long, and 6 plots were planted, each plot planted 2 rows with a row spacing of 0.25m. The test greenhouse was fertilized with vegetable special organic fertilizer 1000kg / 667m 2 and compound fertilizer 50kg / 667m 2 The cultivation and management measures adopted local conventional management, and the test strawberry grew in balance.

[0158] Test treatment: 18% iprovalicarb · bupirimate suspension concentrate (formulation example 3) was set at 750, 1000, 1500 times liquid, 5% bupirimate suspension concentrate was set at 1000 times, 15% iprovalicarb suspension concentrate was set at 1200 times, and water control was set at 6 treatments, 4 times of each treatment, a total of 24 plots, each plot was 25m 2, Randomized block design.

[0159] Application: The test was conducted on February 15, February 22, and March 1, 2023, for a total of 3 applications. A backpack manual sprayer was used, with a nozzle diameter of 0.7 mm and a spray liquid volume of 750 L / hm 2 The strawberry plants were evenly sprayed, without missing or over-spraying, until the leaves were almost dripping with water.

[0160] Investigation and recording method: 5 points were sampled on the diagonal of each plot, and 50 fruits were investigated at each point. The total number of fruits and the number of diseased fruits were recorded. Since there was no disease before the first application, no baseline investigation was conducted. The total number of fruits and the number of diseased fruits were investigated 7 days after the first application (February 22), 7 days after the second application (March 1), and 7 days after the third application (March 8), and the control effect was calculated. Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used for statistical analysis. The fruit investigation and grading standards for strawberry gray mold are as follows:

[0161] 0 level: no disease;

[0162] 1 level: lesion area accounts for less than 5% of the entire fruit surface;

[0163] 3 level: lesion area accounts for 6% to 15% of the entire fruit area;

[0164] 5 level: lesion area accounts for 16% to 25% of the entire fruit area;

[0165] 7 level: lesion area accounts for 26% to 50% of the entire fruit area;

[0166] 9 level: lesion area accounts for more than 50% of the entire fruit area.

[0167] The control effect of the pesticide was calculated according to the following formula, and the safety of the pesticide on strawberries was investigated during the test.

[0168] Disease index = 100 x ∑(number of diseased fruits at each level x representative value at each level) / (total number of investigated fruits x highest level representative value)

[0169] Control effect (%) = (disease index of blank control - disease index of treated area) / disease index of blank control x 100

[0170] The results are shown in Table 8:

[0171] Table 8 Field control effect of each treatment on strawberry gray mold

[0172]

[0173] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column represent significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05).

[0174] As can be seen from Table 8, the three test agents all have certain control effect on strawberry gray mold, among which the preparation example 3: 18% isopropyl thiamethoxam · buprofezin SC diluted 750 times, the control effect on strawberry gray mold is more significant, the control effect is 87.3%; at the same time, when the dilution multiple is 1000 times and 1500 times, the control effects are 83.58% and 81.62% respectively, and the control effects of 5% buprofezin SC and 15% isopropyl thiamethoxam SC are better, and the control period is long. In addition, through the observation of strawberry leaves, young fruits and mature fruits after the third application, no phytotoxicity and no drug spots appear, and the safety is good.

[0175] Example 4: Field efficacy test of isopropyl thiamethoxam and buprofezin composition preparation on tomato gray mold

[0176] Test site selection: The test was carried out in a facility greenhouse in Xian County, Liaocheng, Shandong Province. The previous crop was cucumber. The greenhouse area was 650m 2 , the soil was sandy loam, the fertility was medium to high, the organic matter content was medium, the terrain was flat, and the water conservancy condition was good. The tested tomato variety was "Jindi 855", which was planted on April 5, 2023, with a planting density of 4000 plants per mu, and was planted in equidistant rows. After planting, the management was as usual, and the tomato growth was balanced and good.

[0177] Test treatment: 18% isopropyl thiamethoxam · buprofezin suspension concentrate (preparation example 3) was set as 750, 1000, 1500 times liquid, 5% buprofezin suspension concentrate was set as 1000 times, 15% isopropyl thiamethoxam suspension concentrate was set as 1200 times, and water control was set as 6 treatments, each treatment was repeated 3 times, a total of 18 plots, each plot was 36m 2 , and was arranged randomly in groups.

[0178] Application: During the test period, a total of 2 times of application were carried out, the first application was carried out on the morning of June 20, 2023, at which time the tomato gray mold was in the early stage of disease; the second application was carried out on the morning of June 27, when the tomato was in the fruiting stage, and a backpack manual sprayer was used to uniformly spray the plants, and the water consumption was 50kg per 667m 2 . During the test period, no other agents were sprayed, and the growth of the tomatoes in each plot was consistent before and after spraying, and other management measures were in accordance with the routine.

[0179] Investigation method: The investigation was carried out before application, 7 days after the first application (June 27), 7 days after the second application (July 3) and 14 days after the second application (July 10). Since the fruit part was not diseased before application, the disease index of the leaf part was investigated. The investigation was carried out 4 times in total. According to the 5-point sampling method, 3 tomato plants were investigated at each point, and the number of diseased leaves and fruits at each level was recorded. The disease index of leaves and fruits and the control effect were calculated, and finally the Duncan's new multiple range test (DMRT) was used for statistical analysis of the test data. In addition, whether there was phytotoxicity after application was observed, and the type and degree of phytotoxicity were recorded.

[0180] The leaf investigation grading standard of tomato gray mold is as follows:

[0181] 0 level: no disease spot;

[0182] 1 level: the disease spot area accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;

[0183] 3 level: the disease spot area accounts for 5% to 10% of the whole leaf area;

[0184] 5 level: the disease spot area accounts for 10% to 20% of the whole leaf area;

[0185] 7 level: the disease spot area accounts for 20% to 50% of the whole leaf area;

[0186] 9 level: the disease spot area accounts for more than 50% of the whole leaf area.

[0187] The fruit investigation grading standard of tomato gray mold is as follows:

[0188] 0 level: no disease spot;

[0189] 1 level: residual petal disease or stigma disease;

[0190] 3 level: calyx rot or stigma disease spreading to the fruit navel;

[0191] 5 level: there is an infiltrating spot in the fruit navel without a mold layer;

[0192] 7 level: there is a mold layer in the fruit navel but it has not spread to other parts;

[0193] 9 level: the mold layer has spread to other parts of the fruit.

[0194] The control effect of the pesticide was calculated according to the following formula, and the safety of the pesticide to tomatoes was investigated simultaneously during the test.

[0195] Disease index = 100 x ∑ (number of diseased leaves or fruits at each level x representative value at each level) / (total number of fruits investigated x highest level representative value)

[0196] Fruit part control effect (%) = (disease index of the blank control - disease index of the treated area) / disease index of the blank control x 100

[0197]

[0198] CK0 - disease index before treatment in the control area;

[0199] CK1 - disease index after treatment in the control area;

[0200] PT0 - disease index before treatment in the treatment area;

[0201] PT1 - disease index after treatment in the treatment area.

[0202] The results are shown in Tables 9 and 10:

[0203] Table 9: Field control effect statistics of each treatment agent against tomato gray mold on leaf parts

[0204]

[0205] Table 10: Field control effect statistics of each treatment agent against tomato gray mold on fruit parts

[0206]

[0207] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column represent significant differences (P < 0.05) between treatments.

[0208] As can be seen from Tables 9 and 10, the three tested agents all have certain control effects on tomato gray mold, wherein the effect of the preparation example 3: 18% iprovalicarb · buprofezin SC diluted 750 times is more significant in controlling tomato gray mold, and the control effect on leaf parts 14 days after the second treatment is 84.31%, and the control effect on fruit parts is 86.67%; and when the dilution multiple is 1000 times and 1500 times, the control effects on leaves and fruits are 81.91%, 77.38% and 83.85%, 76.59%, respectively, which are better than the control effects of 5% buprofezin SC and 15% iprovalicarb SC and have significant differences, and the effective period is long. In addition, through comparison with CK, no phytotoxicity, drug spots, healthy plant growth and healthy plant growth are observed on tomato leaves, young fruits and mature fruits after the second treatment, which indicates that the agent has good safety.

[0209] The indoor toxicity test and field efficacy test of the present application show that when the ratio of iprovalicarb and buprofezin is 15:1-1:15, the agent has good control effects on lettuce sclerotinia, peanut brown spot, strawberry gray mold and tomato gray mold, wherein when the ratio is 5:1, the control effects on the above three diseases are best, the effects are significant and the effective period is long. Secondly, the agent has no adverse effects on the growth of lettuce, peanut, strawberry and tomato after treatment.

[0210] For the above ideal embodiment of the present application, through the description of the above case, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the contents of the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fungicidal composition containing isoprenaline and thiophanate-methyl, characterized in that: The active ingredients in the bactericidal composition are isoprenaline and thiophanate-methyl, and the weight ratio of the two is 15:1 to 1:

15.

2. The bactericidal composition according to claim 1, characterized in that The weight ratio of isoflurane to thiophanate-methyl is 10:1 to 1:

10.

3. The bactericidal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The total weight percentage of isoflurane and thiophanate-methyl in the sterilization composition is 5% to 90%, and the rest are agricultural adjuvants allowed to be added and used in agricultural production.

4. The bactericidal composition according to claim 3, characterized in that The total weight percentage of the isoflurane and thiophanate-methyl in the sterilization composition is 10% to 60%.

5. The bactericidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The bactericidal composition can be prepared into any one of aqueous emulsion, microemulsion, suspension, water-dispersible granule and wettable powder.

6. The bactericidal composition according to claim 5, characterized in that The bactericidal composition is preferably prepared as a suspension.

7. A method for preventing and controlling agricultural diseases using the fungicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The bactericidal composition is brought into contact with crops or agricultural pathogens to effectively inhibit the growth of pathogens until they die; the crops are lettuce, peanuts, strawberries, and tomatoes; the agricultural pathogens are lettuce sclerotinia disease, peanut brown spot disease, strawberry gray mold, and tomato gray mold.

8. Use of the fungicidal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for preventing and controlling agricultural diseases, wherein the agricultural diseases are lettuce sclerotinia rot, peanut brown spot disease, strawberry gray mold and tomato gray mold.

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