Beneficiation method of spodumene ore

Abstract

The invention discloses a spodumene ore beneficiation method. The spodumene ore beneficiation method comprises the steps that S1, spodumene ore is ground; s2, the spodumene ore obtained through ore grinding in the step S1 is subjected to pulping; s3, desliming is conducted through a first-stage cyclone and a second-stage cyclone; s4, the ore enters a shallow slot flotation machine to be separated and removed from muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene, and ore pulp obtained after flotation and impurity removal is obtained; s5, the stirred ore pulp is obtained; and S6, flotation is conducted in a flotation system, and spodumene concentrate is obtained. The method is low in production cost, short in process, low in energy consumption, free of environmental pollution and low in equipment investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ore dressing, and in particular to a spodumene ore dressing method. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rise of new energy vehicle consumption, the proportion of consumption in the lithium battery field has increased, the global lithium industry has strong supply and demand, and the price is running high, and the industry has entered a rapid development channel. Spodumene is the most important lithium mineral resource, but the research on spodumene ore dressing technology in China is still in the development stage. In practical production, spodumene ore dressing has problems such as long flotation time and large amount of reagents used in flotation.

[0003] A Chinese patent with publication number CN220879190U discloses a lithium mica beneficiation system, which is mainly used for beneficiation of white mica granite ore materials, including pre-grinding classification equipment, grinding equipment, material classification equipment, pre-selection pretreatment equipment, flotation equipment, flotation tailings treatment equipment, feldspar fine powder treatment equipment, and lithium mica concentrate treatment equipment. The scheme uses a cyclone and a high-frequency vibrating screen to control the classification, which uses the overflow of the cyclone to enter the high-frequency vibrating screen, the bottom flow returns to the mill, and the high-frequency vibrating screen screens the material to the flotation. The lithium mica beneficiation method mentioned in the above patent is only suitable for lithium mica, not for the spodumene ore in this application. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a spodumene ore dressing method, which requires a short flotation time and a small amount of reagent for flotation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A method for beneficiating spodumene ore comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, spodumene ore is ground;

[0008] S2, pulping the spodumene ore obtained by grinding in S1;

[0009] The qualified particle size slurry in S3 and S2 is desludged by using a first-stage cyclone and a second-stage cyclone;

[0010] S4, the bottom flow of the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone enters the shallow tank flotation machine for sorting and removing muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene to obtain the ore pulp after flotation and impurity removal;

[0011] The ore pulp after flotation and impurity removal in S5 and S4 is then subjected to first-stage stirring and second-stage stirring respectively, and sodium carbonate is added respectively, and then subjected to third-stage stirring and sodium hydroxide is added, and an activator magnesium chloride is added during the fourth-stage stirring, and a collector is added during the fifth-stage stirring to obtain the stirred ore pulp;

[0012] The slurry after stirring in S6 and S5 enters the flotation system for flotation to obtain spodumene concentrate.

[0013] In order to ensure the spodumene concentrate index, after the cyclone is desludging, the shallow trough flotation machine in S4 is used to separate the muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene in the ore, which are easier to float than spodumene. In industrial production, since the mineral processing adopts the full return water process, the removal of muscovite, biotite and amphibole no longer requires separate addition of chemicals.

[0014] Strong stirring can be used to wipe off the sludge on the surface of spodumene ore, and at the same time increase the contact time between the reagent and the ore. If the time is too short or too little reagent is added, the contact time between the reagent and the ore is insufficient, and the sludge is stained on the surface of the ore, making it difficult for the ore to float.

[0015] According to the embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can be further optimized. The following is the technical solution formed after optimization:

[0016] In one preferred embodiment, the diameter of the first stage cyclone in S3 is 250 mm, the feed pressure is 0.1-0.15 MPa, the first stage cyclone overflows into the second stage cyclone, the diameter of the second stage cyclone is 100 mm, and the feed pressure of the second stage cyclone is 0.15-0.2 MPa.

[0017] This parameter is mainly to meet the desludging effect of the cyclone. The cyclone desludging needs to remove fine-grained ore mud below -600 mesh. The finer the ore mud to be removed, the smaller the cyclone selected, and the lower the feed concentration of the cyclone. Too high concentration will cause ineffective classification. The lower the concentration of desludging, the better the effect, but a large amount of water needs to be added, resulting in a waste of energy consumption.

[0018] In one preferred embodiment, the feed concentration of the first-stage cyclone in S3 is 30-40%, and the feed concentration of the second-stage cyclone is 5-12%.

[0019] The second stage cyclone needs to be supplemented with water to meet the feed concentration requirements.

[0020] In one preferred embodiment, the yield of the sludge removed in the desliming step in S3 is 8-10%, and the loss rate of spodumene in the removed sludge is 8-13%.

[0021] In one preferred embodiment, the amount of sodium carbonate added in S5 is 1500-2000 g / t, the amount of sodium hydroxide added is 100-200 g / t, the amount of magnesium chloride added is 200-300 g / t, and the amount of collector added is 1500-2000 g / t.

[0022] The addition amount of 1500-2000g / t means adding 1500-2000g of reagent per ton of spodumene ore.

[0023] In one preferred embodiment, the first stage stirring and the second stage stirring are both performed for 30-60 min, the third stage stirring is performed for 20-30 min, the fourth stage stirring is performed for 20-30 min, and the fifth stage stirring is performed for 20-30 min.

[0024] In one preferred embodiment, two roughing, one scavenging and three finishing processes are used for flotation in S6.

[0025] In S6, two roughing, one scavenging and three finishing processes include the foam of the concentrate from roughing 1 entering finishing 2, the foam of the concentrate from roughing 2 entering finishing 1, the foam of scavenging 1 returning sequentially to roughing 2, the finished tailings returning sequentially to roughing 1, and the tailings from scavenging 1 going to the tailings pond.

[0026] In one preferred embodiment, the spodumene ore in S1 is ground to -0.08 to -0.07 mm, accounting for 60-70%.

[0027] In one of the preferred embodiments, step S2 is specifically that the spodumene ore after crushing in S1 is classified by a hydrocyclone, the bottom flow of the hydrocyclone enters the high-frequency vibrating screen, the material on the high-frequency vibrating screen is returned to S1 for crushing, and the overflow of the hydrocyclone and the material under the high-frequency vibrating screen are used as qualified particle size slurry.

[0028] In the over-grinding of spodumene ore, a combination of high-frequency vibrating screen and hydrocyclone is used. The high-frequency vibrating screen and high-frequency sieve are forced to classify, which has high classification efficiency and good classification effect. It can solve the problem of dissociated minerals no longer returning to the mill, reduce the mill circulation load, and reduce ore over-grinding. The hydrocyclone uses pump pressure to classify strongly, which has high classification efficiency and can separate coarse and fine minerals. However, spodumene ore is dissociated in needle-like objects. The dissociated minerals in production are very easy to be mixed in the bottom flow and return to the mill again. By using a high-frequency vibrating screen to classify the bottom flow of the hydrocyclone for the second time, the dissociated minerals can be returned to the mill to the greatest extent, reducing mineral over-grinding.

[0029] In one preferred embodiment, the spodumene ore comprises 5-15% spodumene, 20%-40% feldspar, and 20%-40% quartz.

[0030] The spodumene ore also includes mica, chlorite, amphibole, titanite, and tantalum-niobium minerals.

[0031] In one preferred embodiment, the parameters of the hydrocyclone in S2 are that the diameter of the first stage cyclone is 200-250mm, the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and underflow port are φ120-125mm, φ150-155mm, and φ110-115mm, respectively; the diameter of the second stage cyclone is 100-110mm, the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and underflow port are φ70-80mm, φ70-80mm, and φ40-50mm, respectively. Preferably, the parameters of the hydrocyclone in S2 are that the diameter of the first stage cyclone is 250mm, the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and underflow port are φ121mm, φ152mm, and φ114mm, respectively; the diameter of the second stage cyclone is 100mm, the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and underflow port are φ70mm, φ70mm, and φ47mm, respectively.

[0032] In one of the preferred embodiments, the parameters of the high frequency vibrating screen in S2 are that the screen size is 0.15mm-2mm.

[0033] Ball milling was used in S1.

[0034] The particle size of qualified particle size in S2 is -0.074mm, accounting for 60%-75%.

[0035] The collector in S5 is one or more of sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, a collector and magnesium chloride.

[0036] Comprehensive analysis shows that there are the following problems in spodumene ore dressing in practical production:

[0037] 1) Spodumene is an oxidized ore. In industrial practice, spodumene is prone to over-grinding. The fine mud produced after over-grinding will cover the surface of the spodumene ore, polluting the spodumene ore and making it difficult to separate the spodumene ore. The flotation time needs to be extended and the amount of reagent used in the flotation needs to be increased.

[0038] 2) Affected by the production water quality, the iron ions produced in the grinding process and the dissociation of the minerals themselves in the water, the Ca2+ produced in industrial practice 2+ Mg 2+ , Fe 3+ It is easy to activate feldspar, resulting in poor sorting indicators of spodumene ore, while the mud coverage makes spodumene ore difficult to sort.

[0039] 3) In production practice, the mining surrounding rock is difficult to control, and there are many impurity minerals mixed in the surrounding rock, especially impurity minerals such as floating mica, amphibole, chlorite, etc. that have a greater impact on production, all of which have a serious impact on the production of spodumene mines.

[0040] Patent No. CN220879190U patented grinding and grading equipment, grinding equipment, material grading equipment, pre-selection pretreatment equipment, among which the grinding and grading equipment, grinding equipment and material grading equipment are consistent with this patent, but the process flow is greatly different. This scheme uses a cyclone and a high-frequency vibrating screen to control the grading, which uses the overflow of the cyclone to enter the high-frequency vibrating screen, the bottom flow returns to the mill, and the high-frequency vibrating screen screened material is sent to flotation. In this patent, the cyclone bottom flow enters the high-frequency vibrating screen, the high-frequency vibrating screen screened material enters the mill, and the cyclone overflow and the high-frequency vibrating screen screened material enter the flotation process as qualified particle sizes.

[0041] Patent No. CN220879190U cannot meet the characteristics of spodumene ore that is easy to be over-grinded. This patent is essentially different from Patent No. CN220879190U. This patent can control the qualified particle size of the cyclone bottom flow to be processed by the high-frequency vibrating screen to avoid the qualified particle size returning to the mill again and causing over-grinding.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] This process uses a combination of high-frequency vibrating fine screen and hydrocyclone in the grinding process to control the spodumene ore from being over-grinded to the greatest extent and reduce the yield of -600 mesh particle size; after grinding, the ore is pre-de-slimed by a second-stage hydrocyclone to further reduce the impact of ore slime on the separation of spodumene ore; after de-sliming, a shallow tank flotation machine is used to remove impurity minerals such as muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene, creating a good environment for subsequent spodumene ore separation; finally, strong stirring is used to remove Ca by adding sodium carbonate. 2+ Mg 2+ , Fe 3+ The ion activation effect on feldspar, the addition of sodium oxide to dissolve the spodumene surface, creating a fresh surface, and the use of magnesium chloride to activate the spodumene ore provide good conditions for the final separation of the spodumene ore.

[0044] The present invention has low production cost, short process, low energy consumption, no pollution to the environment and low equipment investment. The present invention can provide guidance for the production of similar mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0047] Take spodumene from a certain place in Sichuan as an example. The raw ore contains 13.69% spodumene (1.19% Li2O), 32% quartz, 38% feldspar, 12% mica, and the rest includes chlorite, pyroxene, titanite, tantalum and niobium minerals. After being ground to -0.074mm, accounting for 65%, the first-stage ball mill is adopted. The grinding section adopts a combination of a hydrocyclone and a high-frequency fine screen. The parameters of the hydrocyclone are that the diameter of the first-stage hydrocyclone is 250mm, the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and bottom flow port are φ121mm, φ152mm, and φ114mm respectively, and the diameter of the second-stage hydrocyclone is 100mm, and the sizes of the feed port, overflow port, and bottom flow port are φ70mm, φ70mm, and φ47mm respectively. The parameters of the high-frequency vibrating screen are that the screen size is 0.3mm. The particle size of the qualified particle size is -0.074mm, accounting for 72%. After grinding, the pulp enters the first cyclone for desludging. The diameter of the cyclone is 250mm and the feeding pressure is 0.15Mpa. The overflow of the first cyclone enters the second cyclone. The diameter of the cyclone is 100mm and the feeding pressure of the second cyclone is 0.2Mpa. The underflow of the first cyclone and the second cyclone enters the flotation system. The feed concentration of the first cyclone is 36%, and the feed concentration of the second cyclone is 9%. The second cyclone needs to be replenished with water to meet production requirements. The yield of removed sludge is 10%, and the loss rate of spodumene in the sludge is 10%.

[0048] After the cyclone removes the ore slime, flotation is used to remove muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene. No reagent is added separately. The flotation is separated by a shallow tank flotation machine. The yield of the removed material is 6%, and the loss rate of spodumene is 5%.

[0049] The ore pulp after flotation and impurity removal enters the strong stirring system. Sodium carbonate is added in the first and second stirring stages, with a total addition amount of 2000g / t and a stirring time of 60min. Sodium hydroxide is added in the third stirring stage, with an addition amount of 150g / r and a stirring time of 30min. Magnesium chloride is added in the fourth stirring stage, with an addition amount of 250g / t and a stirring time of 30min. Collectors are added in the fifth stirring stage, with a stirring time of 30min.

[0050] After stirring, the slurry enters the flotation system. The flotation adopts a two-roughing, one-sweeping and three-fine process. The specific process refers to patent number CN202010625313.1. During the flotation process, sodium carbonate is appropriately added in the roughing and sweeping process, and the addition amount is 20-50g / t. The flotation time is controlled to be greater than 60min, and finally a spodumene concentrate with a recovery rate of 78% and a grade of 5.5% can be obtained.

[0051] The contents explained in the above embodiments should be understood as these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the embodiments made by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for beneficiating spodumene ore, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, spodumene ore is ground; S2, pulping the spodumene ore obtained by grinding in S1; The qualified particle size slurry in S3 and S2 is desludged by using a first-stage cyclone and a second-stage cyclone; S4, the bottom flow of the first-stage cyclone and the second-stage cyclone enters the shallow tank flotation machine for sorting and removing muscovite, biotite, amphibole and sphene to obtain the ore pulp after flotation and impurity removal; The ore pulp after flotation and impurity removal in S5 and S4 is then subjected to first-stage stirring and second-stage stirring respectively, and sodium carbonate is added respectively, and then subjected to third-stage stirring and sodium hydroxide is added, and an activator magnesium chloride is added during the fourth-stage stirring, and a collector is added during the fifth-stage stirring to obtain the stirred ore pulp; The slurry after stirring in S6 and S5 enters the flotation system for flotation to obtain spodumene concentrate.

2. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, wherein In S3, the diameter of the first-stage cyclone is 250mm, and the feed pressure is 0.1-0.15Mpa. The first-stage cyclone overflows into the second-stage cyclone. The diameter of the second-stage cyclone is 100mm, and the feed pressure of the second-stage cyclone is 0.15-0.2Mpa.

3. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The feed concentration of the first-stage cyclone in S3 is 30-40%, and the feed concentration of the second-stage cyclone is 5-12%.

4. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yield of the sludge removed in the desliming step in S3 is 8-10%, and the loss rate of spodumene in the removed sludge is 8-13%.

5. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In S5, the addition amount of sodium carbonate is 1500-2000g / t, the addition amount of sodium hydroxide is 100-200g / t, the addition amount of magnesium chloride is 200-300g / t, and the addition amount of collector is 1500-2000g / t.

6. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time for the first and second stage stirring is 30-60 minutes, the time for the third stage stirring is 20-30 minutes, the time for the fourth stage stirring is 20-30 minutes, and the time for the fifth stage stirring is 20-30 minutes.

7. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S6, two roughing, one sweeping and three finishing processes are used for flotation.

8. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spodumene ore comprises 5-15% spodumene, 20-40% feldspar and 20-40% quartz.

9. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the hydrocyclone in S2 are as follows: the diameter of the first-stage cyclone is 200-250mm, and the sizes of the feed port, overflow port and underflow port are φ120-125mm, φ150-155mm and φ110-115mm respectively; the diameter of the second-stage cyclone is 100-110mm, and the sizes of the feed port, overflow port and underflow port are φ70-80mm, φ70-80mm and φ40-50mm respectively.

10. The ore dressing method of spodumene ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of S2 medium and high frequency vibrating screen are screen size of 0.15mm-2mm.

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