Single-hole multi-density loading method and device for on-site mixed loading of explosive

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil blasting site construction, in particular to a site mixed explosive single-hole multi-density charging method and device. The single-hole multi-density explosive charging method for on-site mixed explosive charging comprises the following steps that S1, blast holes are drilled in a rock mass; s2, an explosive semi-finished product conveying hose, a tail end static mixer and a plurality of additive conveying hoses are placed at the bottom of the blast hole; s3, setting a multi-section charge ratio for the blast hole, wherein the multi-section charge ratio comprises a first-section charge amount and a first ratio, a second-section charge amount and a second ratio, and a third-section charge amount and a third ratio from bottom to top; carrying out multi-density charging on the blast hole according to a multi-section charging ratio through an explosive semi-finished product conveying hose, a tail end static mixer and a plurality of additive conveying hoses; s4, the blast hole filled with the explosives is filled; by means of the steps, multi-density charging of the blast hole can be achieved, and it is avoided that semi-finished explosive products are mixed with all additives in advance and react with all the additives in the charging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of civil blasting site construction, and in particular to a method and device for on-site mixed explosive single-hole multi-density charging. Background Art

[0002] In the technical field of civil blasting on-site construction, when the on-site mixed explosive truck is loading explosives into the blasthole, all additives are added to the semi-finished explosives at the front end of the semi-finished explosives delivery hose, or the semi-finished explosives and additives are delivered to the end static mixer for mixing and then fully mixed before entering the blasthole. Regardless of front-end mixing or end-end mixing, the existing charging method is to add additives at the front end of the semi-finished explosives delivery hose. The semi-finished explosives delivery hose is 30-40 meters long, with more than 50 kilograms of residual material inside. It is impossible to accurately control the density of the explosives in real time by adjusting the additive ratio during charging.

[0003] In on-site blasting construction, if the charge power of the blasthole is too small, it is easy to form a foundation at the bottom of the blasthole, affecting the subsequent excavation and loading operations. If the charge power of the blasthole is too large, it will cause excessive unit consumption, low energy utilization rate, and easy to cause too high powder ore rate, which is not economical. The middle and upper parts of the same blasthole need to be filled with low-density and low-detonation-velocity explosives, while the bottom needs to be filled with high-density and high-detonation-velocity explosives, but the existing on-site mixed charging vehicles cannot realize single-hole multi-density segmented charging. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for charging multiple density charges of mixed explosives in a single hole on site. The method and device for charging multiple density charges of mixed explosives in a single hole on site can realize multiple density charging of blastholes and avoid premature mixing and reaction of semi-finished explosives with various additives during charging. The device for charging multiple density charges of mixed explosives in a single hole on site is used to conveniently and quickly implement the method and device for charging multiple density charges of mixed explosives in a single hole on site to realize multiple density charging of blastholes and avoid premature mixing and reaction of semi-finished explosives with various additives during charging.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities by mixing explosives on site, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: drilling blastholes in the rock mass;

[0008] S2: placing a semi-finished explosive delivery hose, a terminal static mixer, and a plurality of additive delivery hoses into the bottom of the blasthole;

[0009] S3: setting a multi-stage charge ratio for the blasthole, the multi-stage charge ratio including, from bottom to top, a first stage charge amount and a first ratio, a second stage charge amount and a second ratio, and a third stage charge amount and a third ratio; performing multi-density charge on the blasthole according to the multi-stage charge ratio through the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and a plurality of additive delivery hoses, and during the multi-density charge process, placing the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and a plurality of additive delivery hoses into the blasthole and moving upward;

[0010] S4: Filling the blast hole after charging.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the semi-finished explosives and various additives can be loaded into the blast hole in accordance with the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the third section charge amount and the third ratio, thereby realizing multi-density charging of the blast hole; and by providing the semi-finished explosives conveying hose and multiple additive conveying hoses, it is possible to effectively avoid premature mixing and reaction of the semi-finished explosives and various additives; and the stirring of the terminal static mixer can improve the uniformity of the semi-finished explosives during mixing.

[0012] Optionally, step S2 includes:

[0013] The semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are connected to the charging equipment for unloading, so that the semi-finished explosive delivery hose is connected to the terminal static mixer, and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are located in the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, and the lower end of the additive delivery hose is located at the lower end of the semi-finished explosive delivery hose; and then the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are placed at the bottom of the blasthole through the charging equipment. The charging equipment can move the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and the plurality of additive delivery hoses to the bottom of the blasthole.

[0014] Optionally, the method of performing multi-density charging of blastholes according to multi-stage charging ratios through the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose, the terminal static mixer, and the plurality of additive delivery hoses includes:

[0015] The blasthole is divided into a bottom, a middle, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top; the flow of the semi-finished explosives and various additives is controlled based on the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the third section charge amount and the third ratio; and the bottom is set to be charged according to the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the middle is set to be charged according to the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the upper part is set to be charged according to the third section charge amount and the third ratio; the semi-finished explosives and various additives are respectively conveyed to the terminal static mixer through the semi-finished explosives conveying hose and multiple additive conveying hoses, and the terminal static mixer stirs the semi-finished explosives and various additives and then conveys them to the blasthole.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the charging equipment unloads the materials, the flow rate can be controlled so that the semi-finished explosives can be transported to the terminal static mixer through the semi-finished explosives transport hose, and each additive can be transported to the terminal static mixer through multiple additive transport hoses, and then the semi-finished explosives and each additive can be mixed through the static mixer, and finally the mixed semi-finished explosives with the corresponding loaded amount and proportion can be transported to the bottom of the blasthole.

[0017] Optionally, the charge density at the bottom, middle and upper parts of the blasthole decreases successively, so that the corresponding charge density is set according to blasting requirements.

[0018] Optionally, the charge density at the bottom, middle and top of the blasthole is set to 0.4-1.2 g / cm 3 In order to achieve better blasting effect.

[0019] Optionally, the additive is in liquid or gaseous state, which can improve the mixing uniformity between the additive and the semi-finished explosive.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosives, comprising: an explosive semi-finished product delivery hose, a first additive delivery hose, a second additive delivery hose, and a terminal static mixer;

[0021] The two ends of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose are respectively connected to the charging equipment and the terminal static mixer, the first additive delivery hose and the second additive delivery hose are both connected to the charging equipment, and the first additive delivery hose and the second additive delivery hose are respectively located in the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose, and the lower ends of the first additive delivery hose and the second additive delivery hose (3) are located at the lower end of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose.

[0022] When charging the blasthole, the charging equipment controls the feeding speed of the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive. The semi-finished explosive is delivered to the terminal static mixer through the semi-finished explosive delivery hose, the first additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer through the first additive delivery hose, and the second additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer through the second additive delivery hose. During the delivery process, the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive will not be mixed and reacted in advance. After that, the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive are stirred in the terminal static mixer and can be loaded into the blasthole. Since the feeding speed can be controlled by the charging equipment, multi-density charging can be effectively achieved, thereby realizing refined blasting.

[0023] Optionally, a first additive nozzle is installed on the first additive delivery hose to improve the mixing uniformity of the first additive and the semi-finished explosive.

[0024] Optionally, a second additive nozzle is installed on the second additive delivery hose to improve the mixing uniformity of the second additive and the semi-finished explosive.

[0025] In summary, the present invention at least includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The first additive and the second additive are added to the semi-finished explosive at the end of the semi-finished explosive conveying hose, thereby avoiding the problem of premature reaction of the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive during long-distance transportation when they are added at the front end of the semi-finished explosive conveying hose. Combined with the control program, the explosive ratio can be accurately controlled, and explosives of various densities can be loaded in sections in one blasthole, thereby realizing on-site refined blasting.

[0027] 2. The setting of the additive nozzle can effectively improve the uniformity of mixing between the additive and the semi-finished explosive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a single-hole multi-density charging method for on-site mixed explosives in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of explosive density distribution in the blast hole.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of charging of a single-hole multi-density charging method for on-site mixed explosives in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed charging of explosives in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Explosive semi-finished product delivery hose; 2. First additive delivery hose; 2a. First additive nozzle; 3. Second additive delivery hose; 3a. Second additive nozzle; 4. Terminal static mixer; 5. Rock mass; 6. Blast hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] The terms used in the following embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations of the present invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "said", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include plural expressions, unless there is a clear contrary indication in its context. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present invention refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more listed items. The term "exemplary" means "used as an example, embodiment or illustrative", and any embodiment described as "exemplary" here does not have to be interpreted as being superior to or better than other embodiments. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" can expressly or implicitly include one or more of these features, and in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site.

[0036] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , a method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1: Drilling a blasthole 6 in the rock mass 5.

[0038] According to the actual blasting requirements, a blast hole 6 is drilled on the rock mass 5. The blast hole 6 may be one or more. The diameter and depth of the blast hole 6 are determined according to the actual blasting requirements, and will not be described in detail here.

[0039] S2: placing the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1 , the first additive delivery hose 2 , the second additive delivery hose 3 , and the terminal static mixer 4 into the bottom of the blast hole 6 .

[0040] Among them, the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, the first additive delivery hose 2, and the second additive delivery hose 3 are all connected to the auxiliary nozzle of the charging device, and the charging device can supply drugs to the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, the first additive delivery hose 2, and the second additive delivery hose 3 through the auxiliary nozzle. The first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 are both located in the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, and the end (lower end) of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1 away from the auxiliary nozzle is connected to the terminal static mixer 4, and the lower ends of the first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 are located at the lower end of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, and the first additive, the second additive and the explosive semi-finished product can be delivered to the terminal static mixer 4.

[0041] It should be understood that if more than two additives are required for charging, then corresponding additive delivery hoses can be added according to the number of additives, and the newly added additive delivery hose is connected to the auxiliary nozzle of the charging equipment, and a drug supply end corresponding to the additive delivery hose is added to the auxiliary nozzle for drug supply. The first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 can also be located outside the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1.

[0042] S3: setting a multi-stage charge ratio for the blast hole (6), the multi-stage charge ratio including, from bottom to top, a first stage charge amount and a first ratio, a second stage charge amount and a second ratio, and a third stage charge amount and a third ratio; performing multi-density charge on the blast hole (6) according to the multi-stage charge ratio through the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses, and during the multi-density charge process, placing the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses into the blast hole (6) and moving them upward.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 , the blast hole 6 is divided into four parts from bottom to top, namely the bottom, the middle, the top and the top. The flow of the semi-finished explosive and various additives is controlled based on the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the third section charge amount and the third ratio; and the bottom is set to be charged according to the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the middle is set to be charged according to the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the top is set to be charged according to the third section charge amount and the third ratio; the semi-finished explosive and various additives are respectively transported to the terminal static mixer 4 through the semi-finished explosive conveying hose 1 and multiple additive conveying hoses, and the terminal static mixer 4 stirs the semi-finished explosive and various additives and then transports them to the blast hole 6.

[0044] The first charge amount, the second charge amount, and the third charge amount are the total amount of the semi-finished explosive and the additives, and the first ratio, the second ratio, and the third ratio are the ratios between the semi-finished explosive and the additives. The charge amount and the ratio are controlled according to the actual situation, and the charge amount and the ratio are not described here.

[0045] The charge amount and ratio of the bottom, middle and upper parts of the blasthole 6 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, but the charge density of the bottom, middle and upper parts of the blasthole 6 decreases in sequence, and the charge density of the bottom, middle and upper parts of the blasthole 6 is set to 0.4-1.2 g / cm 3 In the present embodiment, the charge density at the bottom is set to 1.1 g / cm 3 The charge density in the middle is set to 0.9 g / cm 3 The charge density of the upper part is set to 0.6g / cm 3 In the actual implementation process, it was detected that the detonation velocity (propagation velocity of the detonation wave in the blast hole 6) at the bottom can reach 4800m / s, the detonation velocity in the middle can reach 3200m / s, and the detonation velocity in the upper part can reach 2500m / s.

[0046] During the charging process, the semi-finished explosive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 by the semi-finished explosive delivery hose 1, the first additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 by the first additive delivery hose 2, and the second additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 by the second additive delivery hose 3. The charging device controls the flow rate (feeding speed control) of the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive according to the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the third section charge amount and the third ratio, and controls the entire charging device (semi-finished explosive delivery hose 1, first additive delivery hose 2, first additive nozzle 2a, second additive delivery hose 3, second additive nozzle 3a, terminal static mixer 4) to move up according to the charging height of the blasthole 6 to achieve charging of different densities. The terminal static mixer 4 stirs the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive, and the semi-finished explosive after being evenly stirred is delivered to the blasthole 6. Specifically, the charging equipment used for supplying medicine first charges the bottom of the blast hole 6 according to the first charging amount and the first ratio, and then charges the middle of the blast hole 6 according to the second charging amount and the second ratio. After completion, the upper part of the blast hole 6 is charged according to the third charging amount and the third ratio. During this process, the charging is a continuous process and the charging density at the bottom, middle and upper parts decreases successively without interruption until the multi-density charging is completed.

[0047] In the above process, the first additive and the second additive are added to the semi-finished explosive at the end of the semi-finished explosive conveying hose 1, which avoids the problem of premature reaction of the three materials during long-distance transportation when added at the front end of the semi-finished explosive conveying hose 1. Combined with the multi-stage charging ratio, the explosive ratio can be accurately controlled, so that explosives of various densities can be loaded in sections in one blast hole to achieve on-site refined blasting.

[0048] In order to improve the mixing effect of the semi-finished explosive and to spray the first additive into the semi-finished explosive, a first additive nozzle 2a is further installed on the first additive delivery hose 2.

[0049] In order to improve the mixing effect of the semi-finished explosive and to spray the second additive into the semi-finished explosive, a first additive nozzle 3a is further installed on the third additive delivery hose 3.

[0050] The first additive is in liquid or gaseous state, and the second additive is in liquid or gaseous state.

[0051] S4: Filling the charged blast hole 6.

[0052] After the charge is completed, the charge device is taken out from the blast hole 6, and then the top of the blast hole 6 is filled. After a period of time, the explosive semi-finished product forms explosive, which can be blasted.

[0053] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosive charging.

[0054] refer to Figure 4 A single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosives includes an explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, a first additive delivery hose 2, a first additive nozzle 2a, a second additive delivery hose 3, a second additive nozzle 3a and a terminal static mixer 4.

[0055] The explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, the first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 are respectively connected to the auxiliary nozzles of the charging equipment, and the charging equipment is used to supply the explosive semi-finished product, the first additive and the second additive. The first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 are located in the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1, and the lower ends of the first additive delivery hose 2 and the second additive delivery hose 3 are located at the lower end of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1 (the bottom of the blast hole 6 is defined as the lower end). The terminal static mixer 4 is connected to the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose 1. The first additive nozzle 2a is installed on the first additive delivery hose 2, and the second additive nozzle 3a is installed on the second additive delivery hose 3.

[0056] The charging device has a corresponding control system and device, which can control the upward or downward movement of the entire charging device and control the feeding speed of the semi-finished explosive, the first additive and the second additive in each section of the blast hole 6. The charging device can be a charging vehicle.

[0057] During charging, the semi-finished explosive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 via the semi-finished explosive delivery hose 1, the first additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 via the first additive delivery hose 2, the second additive is delivered to the terminal static mixer 4 via the second additive delivery hose 3, and then is stirred in the terminal static mixer 4 and loaded into the blasthole 5 on the rock mass 5.

[0058] Since the above-mentioned on-site mixed explosive single-hole multi-density charging method has already described in detail the implementation method of the on-site mixed explosive single-hole multi-density charging device (referred to as the charging device above), it will not be repeated here.

[0059] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to introduce the technical solution of the present invention in detail, but the description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by technicians in this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: drilling a blast hole (6) in a rock mass (5); S2: placing the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses into the bottom of the blast hole (6); S3: setting a multi-stage charge ratio for the blasthole (6), the multi-stage charge ratio including, from bottom to top, a first stage charge amount and a first ratio, a second stage charge amount and a second ratio, and a third stage charge amount and a third ratio; performing multi-density charge on the blasthole (6) according to the multi-stage charge ratio through the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses, and during the multi-density charge process, placing the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses into the blasthole (6) and moving them upward; S4: Filling the blast hole (6) after the charge.

2. The method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: The semi-finished explosive delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are connected to the blasthole (6) respectively on the charging equipment for unloading, so that the semi-finished explosive delivery hose (1) is connected to the terminal static mixer (4), and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are located inside the semi-finished explosive delivery hose (1), and the lower end of the additive delivery hose is located at the lower end of the semi-finished explosive delivery hose (1); and then the semi-finished explosive delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and the plurality of additive delivery hoses are placed at the bottom of the blasthole (6) through the charging equipment.

3. The method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method of performing multi-density charging of the blasthole (6) according to a multi-stage charging ratio through the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), the terminal static mixer (4), and a plurality of additive delivery hoses comprises: The blast hole (6) is divided into a bottom, a middle, an upper part and a top part from bottom to top; the flow of the semi-finished explosive and the plurality of additives is controlled based on the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the third section charge amount and the third ratio; and the bottom is set to be charged according to the first section charge amount and the first ratio, the middle is set to be charged according to the second section charge amount and the second ratio, and the upper part is set to be charged according to the third section charge amount and the third ratio; the semi-finished explosive and the plurality of additives are respectively conveyed to the terminal static mixer (4) through the semi-finished explosive conveying hose (1) and the plurality of additive conveying hoses, and the terminal static mixer (4) stirs the semi-finished explosive and the plurality of additives and conveys them to the blast hole (6).

4. The method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The charge density at the bottom, middle and upper parts of the blast hole (6) decreases in sequence.

5. The method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The charge density at the bottom, middle and top of the blast hole (6) is set to 0.4-1.2 g / cm 3 between.

6. The method for charging explosives in a single hole with multiple densities on site as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The additive is in liquid or gaseous form.

7. A single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosives, characterized in that: include: An explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1), a first additive delivery hose (2), a second additive delivery hose (3), and a terminal static mixer (4); The two ends of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1) are respectively connected to the charging device and the terminal static mixer (4); the first additive delivery hose (2) and the second additive delivery hose (3) are both connected to the charging device; the first additive delivery hose (2) and the second additive delivery hose (3) are respectively located in the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1); and the lower ends of the first additive delivery hose (2) and the second additive delivery hose (3) are located at the lower end of the explosive semi-finished product delivery hose (1).

8. The single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosives as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A first additive spray head (2a) is installed on the first additive delivery hose (2).

9. The single-hole multi-density charging device for on-site mixed explosives as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: A second additive nozzle (3a) is installed on the second additive delivery hose (3).

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