Method and system for detecting weak and small targets by single-base and multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitting and receiving

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for detecting a weak and small target by a single-base and multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitting and receiving, comprising the following steps of: 1, transmitting an active remote sensing wave beam by a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite, receiving a reflected active remote sensing wave beam of a target and an earth background, and performing on-satellite processing to realize target detection; 2, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits active remote sensing wave beams, multiple receiving satellites receive reflected active remote sensing wave beams of the target and the earth background from different angles, and multi-angle detection of the weak and small target is achieved; step 3, successively completing detection of each preset small area in a preset detection area according to the detection capability, the range and the orbit revisit period of the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite; and step 4, the visible receiving satellites in the preset detection area detect the area, and multi-satellite multi-angle multi-base detection is realized. Through networking of multiple satellites and cooperation of two types of satellites, the detection requirements of high-probability search discovery, tracking and high-precision positioning of weak and small targets are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of satellite overall design, and in particular to a method and system for detecting small and weak targets by using a single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers. Background Art

[0002] The active remote sensing satellite is equipped with multifunctional active remote sensing that integrates search and tracking. It has the advantages of high position, large coverage, high positioning accuracy, and downward viewing that is conducive to the search of small moving targets. It can significantly enhance the search capability for moving targets. At the same time, by taking advantage of the satellite's non-fixed position, it can provide effective surrounding situation information for mobile targets far away from our territory.

[0003] Currently, active remote sensing satellites use a single-base approach to detect small targets, but face the problem of large antenna power aperture and difficulty in engineering implementation. With the development of stealth technology for aerial targets, their stealth characteristics have increasingly increased the difficulty of active remote sensing satellite detection. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve small target detection through other technical means.

[0004] Patent document CN201711214007.3 discloses a detection and tracking integration method for an asynchronous multi-base radar system, which is suitable for realizing the detection and tracking joint processing of a target by an asynchronous multi-base radar system and can improve the tracking accuracy of the target. However, the patent does not involve the use of space-based active remote sensing satellites to achieve weak target detection.

[0005] Patent document CN201711200689.2 discloses a clutter subspace dual-threshold constant false alarm detection method based on multi-base radar, which mainly solves the problems of complex calculation and poor detection performance in the prior art, and can be used to improve the target detection performance of multi-base radar. However, the patent does not involve the use of a single multi-base method with separate transmitters and receivers to achieve weak target detection.

[0006] Patent document CN201710542781.0 discloses a distributed batch estimation fusion method for asynchronous multi-base radar system, which can effectively solve the problem of asynchronous data fusion of asynchronous multi-base radar. However, the patent does not involve the use of a single multi-base method with separate transmission and reception to achieve weak target detection.

[0007] The document "Analysis on the Current Status and Development Trend of Multi-base Detection Technology for Weak Aerial Targets" (Ma Lixiang, Zhu Yu, Lv Zheng, et al. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Conference on High Resolution Earth Observation, 2017) introduces the current development status of multi-base detection of weak aerial targets. It can be seen that most of them adopt methods such as space-to-ground reception and space-to-UAV reception. There is no space-to-space multi-base detection system for weak aerial targets.

[0008] The paper "Analysis of Large Sparse Array Space-Based Radar System" (Pan Jie, Li Daojing, Zhou Jianwei, etc. Journal of Electronics and Information Technology, 2016, 35(12), 3271-3274.) designed a sparse array-based MEO orbit X-band space-based radar system, which can achieve moving target detection and high-resolution imaging of the earth on a global scale. This technical approach is a large sparse array, and the transmission and reception are realized on a satellite, which does not belong to space-based multi-base active remote sensing detection.

[0009] Therefore, it is necessary to design a method for detecting weak targets using a single-base or multi-base active satellite with separate transmitters and receivers, which has a limited system scale, low cost, high utilization efficiency, convenient on-orbit use, strong survivability, and is conducive to the detection of weak targets. The system can realize the detection requirements of high-probability search, discovery, tracking and high-precision positioning of weak targets. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers.

[0011] According to the method for detecting small targets by a single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmission and reception provided by the present invention, the single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite comprises a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite and a receiving satellite;

[0012] The transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving satellite are at the same or different orbital altitudes and at different spatial positions, and the transmitting beam of the transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving beam of the receiving satellite have an overlapping area on the surface of the earth;

[0013] Follow these steps:

[0014] Step 1: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits active remote sensing beams and simultaneously receives reflected active remote sensing beams from the target and the earth's background, and realizes target detection through on-board processing;

[0015] Step 2: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits the active remote sensing beam, and multiple receiving satellites receive the reflected active remote sensing beams of the target and the earth's background from different angles to achieve multi-angle detection of weak targets;

[0016] Step 3: According to the detection capability, range and orbit revisit period of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite, the detection of each preset small area is completed in sequence;

[0017] Step 4: All the receiving satellites visible in the preset detection area detect the area, realizing multi-satellite, multi-angle and multi-base detection.

[0018] Preferably, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite adopts a large-aperture phased array active remote sensing antenna, has the ability to transmit and receive active remote sensing signals, and its satellite antenna adopts a large-aperture and high-power design, and uses a small number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area;

[0019] The receiving satellite adopts a fully digital phased array antenna and has the ability to receive active remote sensing echo signals of the target. Its satellite antenna adopts a small-aperture and low-power design and uses a large number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area.

[0020] Preferably, the receiving satellite and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite achieve spatial synchronization through an intersatellite link, detect the same area, and utilize the fact that the scattering characteristics of weak and small targets significantly increase with the multi-base detection angle to realize multi-base active remote sensing detection of weak and small targets.

[0021] Preferably, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite has the capability of autonomous onboard mission planning, divides the designated detection area, and conducts time-sharing and area-sharing detection, so as to realize the satellite's one-time search and discovery of a preset large-scale area, and simultaneously tracks preset typical weak targets within the visible field of view.

[0022] Preferably, when the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite detects a certain area, all receiving satellites visible to the area detect the area, thereby realizing multi-angle detection of the same target.

[0023] According to the system for detecting small and weak targets with a single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite having separate transmitting and receiving locations provided by the present invention, the single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite comprises a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite and a receiving satellite;

[0024] The transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving satellite are at the same or different orbital altitudes and at different spatial positions, and the transmitting beam of the transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving beam of the receiving satellite have an overlapping area on the surface of the earth;

[0025] Includes the following modules:

[0026] Module M1: The integrated transmitting and receiving satellite transmits active remote sensing beams and simultaneously receives reflected active remote sensing beams from the target and the earth's background, and realizes target detection through on-board processing;

[0027] Module M2: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits active remote sensing beams, and multiple receiving satellites receive the reflected active remote sensing beams of the target and the earth's background from different angles, realizing multi-angle detection of weak targets;

[0028] Module M3: According to the detection capability, range and orbit revisit period of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite, the detection of each preset small area is completed in sequence;

[0029] Module M4: All receiving satellites visible in the preset detection area detect the area, realizing multi-satellite, multi-angle and multi-base detection.

[0030] Preferably, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite adopts a large-aperture phased array active remote sensing antenna, has the ability to transmit and receive active remote sensing signals, and its satellite antenna adopts a large-aperture and high-power design, and uses a small number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area;

[0031] The receiving satellite adopts a fully digital phased array antenna and has the ability to receive active remote sensing echo signals of the target. Its satellite antenna adopts a small-aperture and low-power design and uses a large number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area.

[0032] Preferably, the receiving satellite and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite achieve spatial synchronization through an intersatellite link, detect the same area, and utilize the fact that the scattering characteristics of weak and small targets significantly increase with the multi-base detection angle to realize multi-base active remote sensing detection of weak and small targets.

[0033] Preferably, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite has the capability of autonomous onboard mission planning, divides the designated detection area, and conducts time-sharing and area-sharing detection, so as to realize the satellite's one-time search and discovery of a preset large-scale area, and simultaneously tracks preset typical weak targets within the visible field of view.

[0034] Preferably, when the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite detects a certain area, all receiving satellites visible to the area detect the area, thereby realizing multi-angle detection of the same target.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The present invention provides a method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers. The method uses a large-aperture and high-power transmitting and receiving integrated satellite to realize single-base active remote sensing detection of small and weak targets, and uses a small-aperture and low-power receiving satellite to realize multi-base active remote sensing detection of small and weak targets. Through the networking of multiple satellites and the cooperation of the two types of satellites, the system realizes the detection requirements of high-probability search, discovery, tracking and high-precision positioning of small and weak targets.

[0037] (2) The method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers of the present invention is simple, reliable and stable in operation, has a wide range of general applications, strong applicability, and has good application prospects and market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0039] Figure 1It is a flow chart of a method for detecting small and weak targets by a single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for detecting small and weak targets using a single-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Example

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for detecting small and weak targets using a single-base or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step 1: The single multi-base active remote sensing satellite system consists of two types of satellites: transmitting and receiving integrated satellites and receiving satellites;

[0045] Step 2: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite uses the single-base active remote sensing mode to detect weak targets, that is, it can not only transmit active remote sensing beams, but also receive reflected active remote sensing beams from the target and the earth's background, and realize target detection through on-board processing;

[0046] Step 3, the receiving satellite and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite cooperate to use the multi-base active remote sensing mode to detect weak targets, that is, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits the active remote sensing beam, and the receiving satellite receives the reflected active remote sensing beam of the target and the earth background. Multiple receiving satellites can receive the reflected active remote sensing beam of the target from different angles, thereby realizing multi-angle detection of weak targets;

[0047] Step 4: The integrated transmitting and receiving satellite detects the designated detection area through mission planning. The detection of each small area in the designated detection area is completed in sequence according to the detection capability, range, orbit revisit period, etc. of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite;

[0048] Step 5: All the receiving satellites visible in the designated detection area detect the area, realizing multi-satellite, multi-angle and multi-base detection.

[0049] like Figure 2The present invention also provides a system for detecting small and weak targets by using a single-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmission and reception, comprising: a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite 1, a receiving satellite 2, an intersatellite link 3, a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmitting beam 4, a receiving satellite receiving beam 5, a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite single-base transmitting and receiving beam 6, and a small and weak target 7;

[0050] The integrated transmitting and receiving satellite 1 and the receiving satellite 2 may be at different or the same orbital altitudes and at different spatial positions, provided that the transmitting beam 4 of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite and the receiving beam 5 of the receiving satellite have an overlapping area on the earth's surface.

[0051] The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite 1 has a large-aperture phased array active remote sensing antenna and has the ability to transmit and receive active remote sensing signals. The satellite adopts a large-aperture and high-power design, and the satellite is heavy and costly. A small number of satellites can be used to achieve continuous detection of the region, such as using 6 medium-orbit satellites, an antenna area of ​​hundreds of square meters, and a power requirement of hundreds of kilowatts. The receiving satellite 2 adopts a fully digital phased array antenna and has the ability to receive active remote sensing echo signals of the target. The satellite antenna adopts a small-aperture and low-power design, and the satellite is light and costly. A large number of satellites can be used to achieve continuous detection of the region, such as using 60 low-orbit satellites, an antenna area of ​​tens of square meters, and a power requirement of several kilowatts. Taking advantage of the characteristics of space-based active remote sensing downward viewing that is conducive to the detection of weak targets, the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite 1 uses a single-base transmitting and receiving beam 6 to achieve single-base active remote sensing detection of weak targets 7. The receiving satellite 2 and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite 1 are synchronized in space through the intersatellite link 3. The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmitting beam 4 and the receiving satellite receiving beam 5 detect the same area. The multi-base active remote sensing detection of weak targets 7 is realized by utilizing the fact that the scattering characteristics of weak targets increase significantly with the multi-base detection angle. When the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite 1 detects a certain area, the receiving satellites 2 visible to the area all detect the area, which can realize the detection of the same target from multiple angles, and improve the probability of the target being detected. At the same time, multi-satellite reception can further improve the positioning accuracy.

[0052] Those skilled in the art know that, in addition to implementing the system, device and its various modules provided by the present invention in a purely computer-readable program code, it is entirely possible to implement the same program in the form of logic gates, switches, application-specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers and embedded microcontrollers by logically programming the method steps. Therefore, the system, device and its various modules provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included therein for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures within the hardware component; the modules for implementing various functions can also be considered as both software programs for implementing the method and structures within the hardware component.

[0053] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitters and receivers, characterized in that: The single-multi-base active remote sensing satellite includes a transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and a receiving satellite; The transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving satellite are at the same or different orbital altitudes and at different spatial positions, and the transmitting beam of the transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving beam of the receiving satellite have an overlapping area on the surface of the earth; Follow these steps: Step 1: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits active remote sensing beams and simultaneously receives reflected active remote sensing beams from the target and the earth's background, and realizes target detection through on-board processing; Step 2: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits the active remote sensing beam, and multiple receiving satellites receive the reflected active remote sensing beams of the target and the earth's background from different angles to achieve multi-angle detection of weak targets; Step 3: According to the detection capability, range and orbit revisit period of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite, the detection of each preset small area is completed in sequence; Step 4: All the receiving satellites visible in the preset detection area detect the area, realizing multi-satellite, multi-angle and multi-base detection.

2. The method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitting and receiving locations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite adopts a large-aperture phased array active remote sensing antenna and has the ability to transmit and receive active remote sensing signals. Its satellite antenna adopts a large-aperture and high-power design and uses a small number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the region. The receiving satellite adopts a fully digital phased array antenna and has the ability to receive active remote sensing echo signals of the target. Its satellite antenna adopts a small-aperture and low-power design and uses a large number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area.

3. The method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitting and receiving locations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving satellite and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite achieve spatial synchronization through an intersatellite link, detect the same area, and utilize the fact that the scattering characteristics of weak and small targets significantly increase with the multi-base detection angle to achieve multi-base active remote sensing detection of weak and small targets.

4. The method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitting and receiving locations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite has the capability of autonomous onboard mission planning, divides the designated detection area, and conducts time- and area-based detection, so that the satellite can search and discover a preset large area in one pass, and simultaneously track preset typical weak targets within the visible field of view.

5. The method for detecting small and weak targets by using a single or multi-base active remote sensing satellite with separate transmitting and receiving locations according to claim 1, characterized in that: When a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite detects a certain area, all receiving satellites visible to the area will detect the area, thus achieving multi-angle detection of the same target.

6. A system for detecting small and weak targets by using single or multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitters and receivers, characterized in that: The single-multi-base active remote sensing satellite includes a transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and a receiving satellite; The transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving satellite are at the same or different orbital altitudes and at different spatial positions, and the transmitting beam of the transmitting-receiving integrated satellite and the receiving beam of the receiving satellite have an overlapping area on the surface of the earth; Includes the following modules: Module M1: The integrated transmitting and receiving satellite transmits active remote sensing beams and simultaneously receives reflected active remote sensing beams from the target and the earth's background, and realizes target detection through on-board processing; Module M2: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite transmits active remote sensing beams, and multiple receiving satellites receive the reflected active remote sensing beams of the target and the earth's background from different angles, realizing multi-angle detection of weak targets; Module M3: According to the detection capability, range and orbit revisit period of the integrated transmitting and receiving satellite, the detection of each preset small area is completed in sequence; Module M4: All receiving satellites visible in the preset detection area detect the area, realizing multi-satellite, multi-angle and multi-base detection.

7. The system for detecting small and weak targets by using single or multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitters and receivers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite adopts a large-aperture phased array active remote sensing antenna and has the ability to transmit and receive active remote sensing signals. Its satellite antenna adopts a large-aperture and high-power design and uses a small number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the region. The receiving satellite adopts a fully digital phased array antenna and has the ability to receive active remote sensing echo signals of the target. Its satellite antenna adopts a small-aperture and low-power design and uses a large number of satellites to achieve continuous detection of the area.

8. The system for detecting small and weak targets by using single or multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitters and receivers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving satellite and the transmitting and receiving integrated satellite achieve spatial synchronization through an intersatellite link, detect the same area, and utilize the fact that the scattering characteristics of weak and small targets significantly increase with the multi-base detection angle to achieve multi-base active remote sensing detection of weak and small targets.

9. The system for detecting small and weak targets by using single or multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitters and receivers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmitting and receiving integrated satellite has the capability of autonomous onboard mission planning, divides the designated detection area, and conducts time- and area-based detection, so that the satellite can search and discover a preset large area in one pass, and simultaneously track preset typical weak targets within the visible field of view.

10. The system for detecting small and weak targets by using single or multi-base active remote sensing satellites with separate transmitters and receivers according to claim 6, characterized in that: When a transmitting and receiving integrated satellite detects a certain area, all receiving satellites visible to the area will detect the area, thus achieving multi-angle detection of the same target.

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