A flexible optical antenna and its preparation method and application in optical wireless communication

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible optical antenna and a method for preparing the same, comprising a luminescent material and a transparent flexible photocurable matrix, wherein the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible photocurable matrix; the luminescent material has photoluminescent properties and isotropic properties for light emission; the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is an organic polymer; under excitation by excitation light, the luminescent material generates light of a specific wavelength band and moves in a waveguide structure to the side of the flexible optical antenna, thereby realizing side collection of optical signals. The present invention also discloses the use of a flexible optical antenna as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system. The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability, and complex surface adhesion ability, and can achieve a large field of view in an optical wireless communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical wireless communications, and in particular to a flexible optical antenna and a preparation method thereof, and applications in optical wireless communications. Background Art

[0002] Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) is an innovative method for transmitting information in free space via light waves, primarily using infrared or visible light bands for data exchange. Compared to traditional radio frequency (RF) communication, OWC offers numerous advantages, including higher bandwidth, enhanced security, no spectrum licensing requirements, and environmental friendliness. Because the frequency of light waves far exceeds that of RF signals, OWC supports much higher-speed data transmission. Furthermore, communication using visible or infrared bands typically does not require spectrum licensing, as does RF communication, offering greater security advantages. However, OWC technology also faces challenges in its application. For example, maintaining a direct line of sight between the transmitter and receiver means any obstruction will result in signal interruption. Maintaining precise alignment in mobile environments, especially at high speeds, presents a technical challenge.

[0003] In the field of communications, advances in wireless radio frequency technology have spurred the research and development of radar and antennas. Antennas, as key communications components, receive modulated signals and then retransmit them. In the field of optical wireless communications, optical antennas, as an innovative technology, can retransmit optical signals after receiving them. They are widely used on the receiving end, enabling communications with a wide field of view. This feature eliminates the need for precise alignment of the receiving end with the transmitting end, improving communication flexibility and reliability. Luminescent materials can absorb and convert optical signals from a wide angle into optical signals. Even in weak signal conditions, the properties of luminescent materials enhance the received signal, ensuring stable communications.

[0004] Optical antennas are devices used at the receiving end of optical wireless communications. Through their unique waveguide structure and photoluminescence properties, the luminescent material in the antenna can capture and re-emit photons, allowing them to travel along the antenna's waveguide to the side for reception. With their wide field of view and high gain, optical antennas effectively overcome the challenges of point-to-point communication in optical wireless communications systems, enabling stable and efficient data transmission.

[0005] Most of the existing optical antennas are still obtained by photocuring methods. However, due to the limitations of the light-induced curing polymer formula, the prepared optical antennas are hard and brittle. This physical property makes it difficult for optical antennas to adapt to the needs of complex environments. Specifically, although the cross-linked structure formed during the photocuring process of this polymer fixes the shape of the optical antenna, it also causes it to lose the necessary flexibility and elasticity, resulting in easy breakage when subjected to mechanical stress, rather than safe bending or deformation. This brittleness not only limits the use of optical antennas in applications that require high flexibility, such as wearable devices and flexible electronic skin, but also affects their stability and durability in diverse environments such as extreme temperatures, humidity changes, and chemical corrosion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new light-induced curing polymer formulas to improve the environmental adaptability and mechanical reliability of optical antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication and a preparation method thereof. The flexible optical antenna has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability, and can achieve a large field of view in an optical wireless communication system.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication, comprising a luminescent material and a transparent flexible photocurable matrix, wherein the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible photocurable matrix;

[0009] The luminescent material has photoluminescence properties and isotropic light emission; the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is an organic polymer;

[0010] Under the excitation of excitation light, the luminescent material generates light of a specific wavelength band and moves to the side of the flexible optical antenna in the waveguide structure, thereby realizing the side collection of the optical signal.

[0011] Preferably, the flexible optical antenna of the present invention has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability. The flexible optical antenna of the present invention can be bent at an angle of up to 180° in at least one direction, that is, forming a semicircular or nearly semicircular curved shape, and will not cause problems such as stress concentration or uneven strain during the bending process. After removing the bending stress, the flexible optical antenna can return to its original unbent state. The flexible optical antenna has deformation recovery ability, and even after multiple bending or folding operations, the flexible optical antenna can still maintain its stable photoluminescence performance without significant performance degradation. When the flexible optical antenna is subjected to bending deformation or environmental changes, its photoluminescence performance and communication performance remain stable. The flexible optical antenna has complex surface adhesion ability and can stably fit complex surfaces with a certain curvature.

[0012] The flexible optical antenna of the present invention is a stable, flexible optical device that can achieve high-gain side emission of signal light under excitation with signal light at a wide field of view. It also exhibits deformation recovery and adhesion to complex surfaces, and can be used in optical wireless communication systems. The flexible optical antenna of the present invention exhibits excellent flexibility, stability, deformation recovery, and adhesion to complex surfaces, overcoming the shortcomings of conventional rigid, planar optical antennas, such as their hardness and fragility, inconvenient fixation, limited compatibility, and inflexibility. By achieving deformation recovery and adhesion to complex surfaces, the flexible optical antenna effectively enables optical wireless communication at a wide field of view, significantly improving the fault tolerance and transmission capacity of optical wireless communication technology.

[0013] The luminescent material has photoluminescence characteristics, is a luminescent material with short photoluminescence life and high photoluminescence quantum yield, emits light is isotropically, and is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible light-curing matrix.

[0014] The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has tunable photoluminescence characteristics, and can adjust the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna according to the needs of optical wireless communication, thereby modulating its emission wavelength.

[0015] Preferably, the luminescence spectrum of the luminescent material is in the 400-1200 nm band.

[0016] Further preferably, the luminescent material is at least one of perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, and silicon quantum dots.

[0017] Further preferably, the luminescent material is at least one of CsPbBr3 quantum dots and CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0018] The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is an organic polymer, which is used to maintain the shape of the flexible optical antenna and has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability.

[0019] Preferably, the light transmittance of the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ≥90%.

[0020] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a photocurable resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator and a crosslinker; the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA); and the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable resin, and the crosslinker is 0.01~0.07:30~40:5.

[0021] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin by ultraviolet light in the presence of a photoinitiator. The photocurable prepolymer resin is at least one of polyurethane acrylate (PUA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBF). The photocurable monomer resin is one or more of 2-dodecyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethacrylate (DMA), and divinylbenzene (DVB). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, photocurable prepolymer resin, and photocurable monomer resin is 0.01-0.07:1:5-20. The photocurable prepolymer resin is used to improve the stability of the photocurable monomer resin in the polymer.

[0022] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a precursor monomer of a thiol-ene polymer (OSTE) by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the precursor monomer of the thiol-ene polymer includes a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer; the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the thiol monomer, and the allyl monomer is 0.01~0.07:1:1.

[0023] The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO).

[0024] The cross-linking agent is at least one of ethylene glycol diacrylate (EDGM), dimethacrylate (DMA), and divinylbenzene (DVB).

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the flexible optical antenna, comprising:

[0026] (1) uniformly mixing the curing raw materials of the transparent flexible photocurable matrix to obtain a photocurable liquid;

[0027] (2) The luminescent material is mixed evenly with the photocurable liquid, transferred to a mold, and cured by ultraviolet light or printed by a photocuring 3D printing device to obtain a flexible optical antenna.

[0028] The flexible optical antenna of this invention is simple to prepare, and its photoluminescent properties and deformation recovery capabilities are controllable. By adjusting the photoluminescent material, it can be widely tunable across the entire visible light band. The resulting flexible optical antenna exhibits stable performance, deformation recovery, and adhesion to complex surfaces, enhancing its environmental adaptability and flexibility.

[0029] The present invention also provides an application of the flexible optical antenna as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system, which can achieve a large field of view through a waveguide structure and has a high-gain signal transmission capability.

[0030] The excitation light carrying the signal can be incident from the front of the flexible optical antenna. The excitation light excites the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna to emit photons, and then the photons are emitted from the side of the flexible optical antenna through the waveguide structure, and the detector is installed on the side of the flexible optical antenna to receive the light signal.

[0031] Flexible optical antennas break through the limits of optical extension and enable optical wireless communication with a wide field of view. When bent, they can achieve a field of view exceeding 200 degrees, significantly increasing the range of signal reception and transmission, reducing signal blind spots, and improving communication quality.

[0032] The present invention realizes the flexibility of optical antennas for the first time in optical wireless communication technology, which retains the waveguide characteristics and high gain of the optical antennas, further improves the large field of view angle advantage of the optical antennas, and realizes the flexible design of the optical antennas.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] (1) To address the shortcomings of optical antennas currently used in optical wireless communication systems, such as being hard and fragile, difficult to fix, having limited matching scenarios, and being unbendable, the present invention provides a flexible optical antenna that can be bent in at least one direction to a radius less than or equal to a certain value, and after the bending force is removed, the bending angle of the flexible optical antenna can be restored to its original unbent state. The flexible optical antenna has deformation recovery capabilities, and even after multiple bending or folding operations, the flexible optical antenna can still maintain its stable photoluminescence performance without significant performance degradation.

[0035] (2) The flexible optical antenna of the present invention contains perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic light-emitting quantum dots, organic light-emitting dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, silicon quantum dots, etc. with photoluminescent properties, which can selectively absorb excitation light and emit visible light or near-infrared light of different bands, and can match the different characteristic bands of photodiodes, APD detectors, and PIN diodes used as optical signal receivers.

[0036] (3) The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has the ability to adhere to complex surfaces and can be flexibly attached to a variety of complex surfaces. Compared with traditional rigid flat optical antennas, the flexible optical antenna of the present invention has achieved significant improvements in scene adaptability. Not only can it perfectly match receiving surfaces of various curvatures, thereby expanding its application range, but this characteristic also makes it highly versatile in a variety of application scenarios. The present invention optimizes the application of optical antennas in fields requiring high flexibility, such as wearable devices and flexible electronic skin.

[0037] (4) The flexible optical antenna of the present invention can provide a wider field of view in an optical wireless communication system. When the flexible optical antenna is bent, it can achieve a maximum field of view of over 200 degrees, which is significantly better than the field of view of about 120 degrees of traditional optical antennas. This advantage enables the present invention to significantly improve signal coverage, environmental adaptability, system performance, and design flexibility. It can more effectively capture signals, reduce signal blind spots, improve communication quality, and is applicable to more diverse and complex scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 A physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 1;

[0039] Figure 2 The luminescence and absorption spectra of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 1;

[0040] Figure 3 A physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 2;

[0041] Figure 4 Luminescence and absorption spectra of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 2;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a bandwidth test diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3 when the bending curvature is 90°;

[0044] Figure 7 Bit error rate curves and eye diagrams at different OOK communication rates when the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3 is bent with a curvature of 90°;

[0045] Figure 8 This is a bandwidth test diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 4 when the bending curvature is 90°;

[0046] Figure 9 The bit error rate curve and eye diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 4 at different OOK communication rates when the bending curvature is 90°. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the following examples are intended to facilitate understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PLMA, EDGM, and TPO, with CsPbBr3 quantum dots as the luminescent material, and complete deformation testing and optical performance testing:

[0050] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable resin and a crosslinker. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA), and the crosslinker is ethylene glycol diacrylate (EDGM). The weight ratio of the initiator, the photocurable resin and the crosslinker is 0.05:40:5. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer and ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0051] (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots;

[0052] (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0053] (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0054] (5) The deformation recovery ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified by repeatedly bending the antenna and observing its morphology at different bending curvatures.

[0055] (6) The emission spectrum and absorption spectrum of the flexible optical antenna samples were measured by integrating sphere and spectrophotometer, and compared with the photoluminescence characteristics of quantum dots to verify the influence of the preparation of flexible optical antenna on the photoluminescence properties of luminescent materials.

[0056] CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antennas were prepared by polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA) curing method, and deformation tests proved that the flexible optical antennas have good deformation recovery ability, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The shapes of the flexible optical antenna when the bending curvatures are 0°, 90°, and 180° are demonstrated, verifying the deformation ability of the flexible optical antenna.

[0057] Through optical performance testing, the emission spectrum and absorption spectrum of the prepared CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna were obtained, such as Figure 2As shown, it exhibits good photoluminescence properties, and the preparation of flexible optical antennas does not affect the photoluminescence properties of the luminescent materials.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of a thiol monomer, an allyl monomer, and a photoinitiator (TPO), and the luminescent material is CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots, and completes deformation testing and optical performance testing:

[0060] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator and a thiol-ene polymer. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO). The thiol-ene polymer is composed of a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer. The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the thiol monomer, and the allyl monomer is 0.01:1:1. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer and ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0061] (2) placing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots;

[0062] (3) Mixing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0063] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0064] (5) The deformation recovery ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified by repeatedly bending the antenna and observing its morphology at different bending curvatures.

[0065] (6) The emission spectrum and absorption spectrum of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna samples were measured by integrating sphere and spectrophotometer, and compared with the photoluminescence characteristics of quantum dots to verify the effect of the preparation of flexible optical antennas on the photoluminescence properties of luminescent materials.

[0066] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna was prepared by the thiol-ene (OSTE) curing method. By changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer, the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified. The deformation test verified that the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna had good deformation recovery ability. Figure 3As shown, the actual picture shows the effect of the flexible optical antenna under sunlight and ultraviolet light, indicating that the flexible optical antenna has good photoluminescence performance.

[0067] The emission and absorption spectra of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna were obtained through optical performance testing, verifying its large Stokes shift, such as Figure 4 As shown, it also illustrates that flexible optical antennas can achieve continuous spectral tunability over a large range by changing the luminescent material, and are suitable for high-gain optical wireless communications with a large field of view, especially in optical wireless communication scenarios with strict requirements on spectral bands.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PUA, LA, and TPO, with CsPbBr3 quantum dots as the luminescent material, and tests its adhesion to complex surfaces:

[0070] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0071] (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots;

[0072] (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0073] (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0074] (5) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna was attached to a glass bottle to observe its complex surface adhesion ability and its effect under sunlight and ultraviolet light.

[0075] The CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by the polyurethane acrylate (PUA) curing method. This example further verified the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme by changing the composition of the organic polymer, and demonstrated that a variety of flexible organic polymers can be used to prepare flexible optical antennas. By attaching it to a curved glass surface, the complex surface adhesion ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified. Figure 5 shown.

[0076] (6) Using a spectrum analyzer and a network analyzer, observe the signal output of the flexible optical antenna when it is bent at a curvature of 90° under the light excitation of a swept frequency signal, and calculate the -3dB bandwidth under the bending condition;

[0077] (7) Using an arbitrary signal generator, oscilloscope, and APD detector, the signal output of the flexible optical antenna at a 90° bending curvature under optical excitation loaded with an OOK signal was measured, and the bit error rate and eye diagram at different data rates under the bending condition were obtained;

[0078] In this embodiment, the communication performance of the CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna is measured under bending conditions, and the bandwidth of the flexible optical antenna is obtained, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the bit error rate and eye diagram at different OOK signal rates are tested, as shown in the figure. Figure 7 It is shown that the CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna achieves a communication rate of up to 160Mbps when the bending curvature is 90°.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PUA, LA, and TPO, with CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots as the luminescent material, and completes the communication performance test under bending conditions:

[0081] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0082] (2) placing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots;

[0083] (3) Mixing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0084] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0085] (5) Using a spectrum analyzer and a network analyzer, the signal output of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna was observed when the antenna was bent at a curvature of 90° under the light excitation of a swept frequency signal, and the -3dB bandwidth under the bending condition was calculated.

[0086] (6) Using an arbitrary signal generator, oscilloscope, and APD detector, the signal output of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna with a bending curvature of 90° under optical excitation with an OOK signal was measured, and the bit error rate and eye diagram at different data rates under the bending condition were obtained;

[0087] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polyurethane acrylate (PUA) curing method. By changing the type of luminescent material, the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was further verified, indicating that a variety of flexible organic polymers can be used to prepare flexible optical antennas. The communication performance of the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was measured under bending conditions, and the bandwidth of the flexible optical antenna was obtained, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the bit error rate and eye diagram at different OOK signal rates are tested, as shown in the figure. Figure 9 It was verified that the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna achieved a communication rate of up to 19 Mbps when the bending curvature was 90°.

[0088] Example 5

[0089] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a PMMA, LA, and TPO-based flexible photocurable matrix with CsPbBr3 quantum dots as the luminescent material, and tests its adhesion to complex surfaces:

[0090] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0091] (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots;

[0092] (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0093] (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna;

[0094] In this example, a CsPbBr3 flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) curing method. By changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer, the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified.

[0095] Example 6

[0096] This example illustrates how to use photocurable 3D printing technology to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a PMMA, LA, and TPO matrix, with CsPbBr3 quantum dots as the luminescent material. Its complex shape forming capability is tested.

[0097] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0098] (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots;

[0099] (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stirring them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid;

[0100] (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curing liquid was transferred to the raw material tank of the light-curing 3D printing equipment, and printed layer by layer from top to bottom from the molding platform at a speed of 35μm / 6s under a 405nm 58W ultraviolet lamp. The prepared CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna was peeled off from the molding platform and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W ultraviolet lamp for more than 6 minutes for secondary curing to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna;

[0101] In this example, a CsPbBr3 flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) curing method. By changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer, the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified.

[0102] Example 7

[0103] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a flexible photocurable matrix composed of PVF, DMA, and TPO, with CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots as the luminescent material:

[0104] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), and the photocurable monomer resin is dimethacrylate (DMA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.07:1:15. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 10 minutes by a rotary stirrer, and ultrasonically treated for more than 40 minutes by an ultrasonic machine. The excess PVF is filtered to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0105] (2) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution is placed in a vacuum environment, and the solvent is evaporated to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0106] (3) Mix the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stir them evenly with a rotary stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid.

[0107] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0108] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) curing method. By adjusting the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer, the flexibility and applicability of the flexible optical antenna preparation method were verified.

[0109] Example 8

[0110] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a flexible photocurable matrix composed of polybutylene terephthalate (PBF), DVB, and TPO, with CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots as the luminescent material:

[0111] (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polybutylene terephthalate (PBF), and the photocurable monomer resin is divinylbenzene (DVB). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.06:1:10. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 15 minutes by a magnetic stirrer, ultrasonically treated for more than 45 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess PBF is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0112] (2) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution is placed in a vacuum environment, and the solvent is evaporated to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0113] (3) Mix the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid and stir them evenly with a magnetic stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid.

[0114] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold and irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes. The mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0115] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polybutylene terephthalate (PBF) curing method. By optimizing the ratio of luminescent materials and resins, the effectiveness of this photocuring method in preparing flexible optical antennas and its stability under different environmental conditions were demonstrated.

[0116] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication, characterized in that: It comprises a luminescent material and a transparent flexible light-curing matrix, wherein the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible light-curing matrix; The luminescent material has photoluminescence properties and isotropic light emission; The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a photocurable resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator and a crosslinking agent; the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate; the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable resin, and the crosslinking agent is 0.01-0.07:30-40:5; Alternatively, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the photocurable prepolymer resin is at least one of polyurethane acrylate, polyvinyl fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, and polybutylene terephthalate; the photocurable monomer resin is one or more of 2-dodecyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethacrylate, and divinylbenzene; and the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin, and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.01-0.07:1:5-20. Alternatively, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is formed by curing a thiol-ene polymer precursor monomer by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the thiol-ene polymer precursor monomer includes a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer; The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, thiol monomer, and allyl monomer is 0.01~0.07:1:1; Under the excitation of the excitation light, the luminescent material generates light of a specific wavelength band and moves to the side of the flexible optical antenna in the waveguide structure, thereby realizing the side collection of the optical signal.

2. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein: The luminescence spectrum of the luminescent material is in the 400-1200nm band.

3. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein: The luminescent material is at least one of perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, and silicon quantum dots.

4. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, wherein The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide; the crosslinking agent is at least one of ethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethacrylate, and divinylbenzene.

5. A method for preparing a flexible optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: include: (1) uniformly mixing the curing raw materials of the transparent flexible photocurable matrix to obtain a photocurable liquid; (2) The luminescent material is mixed evenly with the photocurable liquid, transferred to a mold, and cured by ultraviolet light or printed by a photocuring 3D printing device to obtain a flexible optical antenna.

6. Use of the flexible optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4 as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The excitation light carrying the signal is incident from the front of the flexible optical antenna. The excitation light excites the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna to emit photons, which are then emitted from the side of the flexible optical antenna through the waveguide structure and received by the detector.

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