Ventilation device and railway vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a ventilation device and a rail vehicle, the ventilation device is installed on an oil tank of an internal combustion engine power or hybrid power rail vehicle, the ventilation device comprises a first pipeline, a second pipeline, a third pipeline and a switching assembly, the first pipeline is installed above the oil tank and communicates with the oil tank, and the second pipeline is installed above the oil tank and communicates with the third pipeline; one end of the second pipeline is connected with the other end of the first pipeline, and the other end extends downwards along the height direction; one end of the third pipeline is connected with the other end of the first pipeline, and the other end extends upwards along the height direction; the switching assembly is installed among the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline and is suitable for enabling the first pipeline to communicate with the second pipeline under the condition that the railway vehicle runs normally so as to balance the internal pressure and the external pressure of the oil tank. And under the condition that the railway vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the fuel oil rising along the first pipeline in the oil tank pokes the switching assembly, so that the first pipeline is communicated with the third pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to the technical field of rail vehicles, and in particular, to a ventilation device and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Diesel locomotives or hybrid EMUs are generally powered by diesel engines directly or by generators driven by diesel engines. Both of the above methods require the installation of a sufficiently large fuel tank on the rail vehicle to maintain long-distance driving.

[0003] Large-capacity fuel tanks are generally equipped with breathers. On the one hand, when the engine consumes fuel, negative pressure (vacuum) is generated in the fuel tank. Without a breather, the negative pressure may prevent the fuel from flowing and make it difficult for the engine to operate normally. By setting up a breather, air can be allowed to enter the fuel tank to balance the air pressure inside and outside the tank, thereby ensuring that the fuel can flow smoothly to the engine. On the other hand, if the fuel tank cannot discharge the diesel vapor generated when the engine is running, the positive pressure in the fuel tank may increase, and there may even be a risk of the fuel tank exploding. By setting up a breather, excess diesel vapor can be released, preventing excessive positive pressure from being generated inside the fuel tank, and ensuring that the positive pressure inside the fuel tank remains at a safe level.

[0004] However, rail vehicles are different from cars and other moving machinery. Rail vehicles have a longer acceleration and braking time. The conventional braking time of rail vehicles generally takes about 1 minute to decelerate from a speed of more than 200km / h to a stop. Long-term acceleration or deceleration will cause the oil level in the fuel tank to shift, resulting in fuel leakage from the breather. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a ventilation device and a rail vehicle, which can reduce the leakage of fuel during the acceleration and deceleration process of the rail vehicle.

[0006] As one aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a ventilation device installed on a fuel tank of a rail vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine or a hybrid power, wherein the ventilation device comprises a first pipe, a second pipe and a third pipe. The first pipe is installed above the fuel tank and is connected to the fuel tank. One end of the second pipe is connected to the other end of the first pipe, and the other end extends downward in the height direction. One end of the third pipe is connected to the other end of the first pipe, and the other end extends upward in the height direction. A switching assembly is installed between the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe, and is adapted to connect the first pipe with the second pipe to balance the internal and external pressures of the fuel tank when the rail vehicle is operating normally; and when the rail vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, the fuel in the fuel tank that rises along the first pipe shifts the switching assembly to connect the first pipe with the third pipe to reduce the leakage of the fuel from the second pipe.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an installation area is formed between the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and the switching assembly includes a connecting member, a first stopper and a second stopper. The connecting member is rotatably installed in the installation area around a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first pipeline and parallel to the horizontal plane. The first stopper is installed at one end of the connecting member, and the second stopper is installed at the other end of the connecting member. Wherein, when the rail vehicle is operating normally, the switching assembly is in a first state in which the first stopper connects the first pipeline with the second pipeline and the second stopper isolates the first pipeline from the third pipeline; when the rail vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the fuel in the first pipeline drives the first stopper and the second stopper to rotate around the rotation axis, and the switching assembly is in a second state in which the first stopper connects the first pipeline with the third pipeline and the second stopper isolates the first pipeline from the second pipeline.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a stopper is installed at the top of one end of the second pipe close to the installation area, and the stopper is suitable for blocking the second stopper from further rotating toward the second pipe when the switching assembly is in the first state, and blocking the first stopper from further rotating toward the first pipe when the switching assembly is in the second state.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an extension portion extending in a horizontal direction toward the second pipe is provided on a side of the one end of the first pipe connected to the third pipe, which is away from the second pipe, and the extension portion is suitable for contacting with the upper surface of the second stop plate when the second stop plate is in the first position, thereby isolating the third pipe from the first pipe.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first weight of the first stop is greater than the second weight of the second stop, so that when the rail vehicle operates normally, the switching assembly remains in the first state based on the weight difference between the first stop and the second stop.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first stopper is made of metal, and the second stopper is made of rubber.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first state, a connecting passage is formed between the first stop plate and the bottom wall of the first pipe to allow air from the second pipe to pass through the connecting passage and enter the oil tank via the first pipe, so that the internal and external pressures of the oil tank are balanced.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an upwardly extending oil baffle is provided at one end of the second pipeline connected to the first pipeline. The oil baffle is suitable for cooperating with the second pipeline and the second stop plate to form an oil storage tank opening upward when the second stop plate is in the second state, so as to at least partially store the fuel that flows to the horizontal part of the second pipeline by rotating the first baffle.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the second pipe connected to the first pipe extends upwardly and obliquely in a direction away from the first pipe, so that the fuel stored in the oil storage tank can flow back to the fuel tank when the rail vehicle operates normally.

[0015] As another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a rail vehicle is provided, comprising an oil tank and any one of the above-mentioned ventilation devices. The oil tank is mounted on the underframe of the rail vehicle, and any one of the above-mentioned ventilation devices is mounted on the oil tank.

[0016] According to the ventilation device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a third pipe extending upward is provided between the first pipe and the second pipe, and by installing the switching component between the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe, when the rail vehicle is operating normally, the first pipe is connected to the second pipe, and the inside of the fuel tank is connected to the outside atmosphere, so that pressure balance is achieved and smooth flow of fuel is ensured; when the rail vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the fuel in the fuel tank that rises along the first pipe generates thrust, and the switching component is switched to connect the first pipe with the third pipe, and the fuel that flows from the fuel tank to the first pipe is temporarily stored through the third pipe. On the premise of ensuring that the second pipe is used as a ventilation pipe, leakage of fuel from the second pipe is reduced. At the same time, it is ensured to a large extent that fuel vapor can be discharged from the fuel tank in time, and the fuel vapor is prevented from flowing back into the fuel tank, thereby improving the safety and reliability of rail vehicle operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0018] Figure 1 A perspective view schematically shows a breather device and a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematically shows Figure 1 Side view of the breather and tank shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A perspective view schematically showing the internal structure of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 4 A partial cross-sectional view schematically shows a ventilation device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure in a first state; and

[0022] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a ventilation device in a second state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0023] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0024] 1- First pipeline;

[0025] 2- Second pipeline;

[0026] 21- stopper;

[0027] 22-Oil baffle;

[0028] 3- The third pipeline;

[0029] 4- Switch components;

[0030] 41-connecting piece;

[0031] 42- first stopper;

[0032] 43- second stopper;

[0033] 5- extension;

[0034] 6-Fuel tank;

[0035] 61- baffle;

[0036] 62-Through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the present disclosure is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "comprise", "include", etc. used herein indicate the existence of the features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0039] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0040] When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc. When using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, or C, etc.", it should generally be interpreted as the meaning of the expression generally understood by those skilled in the art. For example, "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B, A and C, B and C, and / or A, B, C, etc.

[0041] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only reference directions of the drawings and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are represented by the same or similar reference numerals. Conventional structures or configurations will be omitted when they may cause confusion in the understanding of the present disclosure.

[0042] In the process of implementing the present disclosure, it is found that in the ventilation device, the ventilation pipe connected to the atmosphere needs to extend downward, that is, vertically to the ground, for the sake of safety and practicality. In this way, it can be ensured that the ventilation pipe effectively maintains the pressure inside the fuel tank within a safe range, prevents safety hazards caused by excessive pressure difference between the inside and outside of the fuel tank, helps to balance the pressure inside and outside the fuel tank, and avoids safety problems such as expansion or rupture of the fuel tank caused by excessive pressure.

[0043] In addition, the pressure change inside the fuel tank may affect the normal supply of fuel, especially during the operation of the locomotive. Through the design of the ventilation pipe vertical to the ground, the pressure inside the fuel tank can be effectively adjusted to ensure that the fuel can be stably supplied when needed, thus ensuring the normal operation of the locomotive.

[0044] Furthermore, the vertical ground design of the ventilation duct can alleviate the uneven pressure distribution inside and outside the fuel tank during the stable operation of the train. This design also takes into account the vibration and impact that the train may encounter during operation. Through reasonable layout design, the air flow in the fuel tank can be organized to flow smoothly, reducing the adverse effects of vibration and impact on the flow of oil in the tank.

[0045] Furthermore, the design of the ventilation pipe vertical to the ground makes maintenance and inspection easier, because such a location is more accessible, reducing the difficulty and time of maintenance. At the same time, this design also helps to timely discover and deal with possible safety hazards, further improving the safety of locomotive operation.

[0046] Therefore, the design of the ventilation pipe of the rail vehicle fuel tank vertically to the ground is to ensure the safe operation of the oil system. By balancing the pressure inside and outside the fuel tank, safety problems caused by excessive pressure differences can be prevented. This makes the airflow organization in the fuel tank flow more smoothly, which is also conducive to the stable supply of fuel and the convenience of maintenance.

[0047] In addition, when the rail vehicle is in operation, air flow will generate a certain amount of airflow on the side of the vehicle. If the ventilation device is set in the width direction of the rail vehicle, it may be more susceptible to the airflow, causing impurities, water vapor, etc. to be sucked into the fuel tank. However, if it is set at one end in the length direction of the rail vehicle, these problems can be better avoided.

[0048] However, the ventilation device is arranged at one end of the length direction of the rail vehicle. When the rail vehicle is accelerating or decelerating for a long time (about one minute), the fuel in the fuel tank is easily leaked through the ventilation pipe vertical to the ground.

[0049] In addition, since fuel may evaporate slowly at room temperature and generate fuel vapor in the fuel tank, if the ventilation pipe is raised, the fuel vapor may not be discharged in time, resulting in fuel dilution and affecting engine performance.

[0050] Figure 1 A perspective view schematically shows a ventilation device and a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 Schematically shows Figure 1 Side view of the breather and fuel tank shown.

[0051] As one aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a ventilation device is provided, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the ventilation device is installed on the fuel tank 6 of the rail vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine or a hybrid power. The ventilation device includes a first pipeline 1, a second pipeline 2, a third pipeline 3 and a switching assembly 4. The first pipeline 1 is installed above the fuel tank 6 and communicated with the fuel tank 6. One end of the second pipeline 2 is connected to the other end of the first pipeline 1, and the other end extends downward in the height direction. One end of the third pipeline 3 is connected to the other end of the first pipeline 1, and the other end extends upward in the height direction. The switching assembly 4 is installed between the first pipeline 1, the second pipeline 2 and the third pipeline 3, and is suitable for connecting the first pipeline 1 with the second pipeline 2 to balance the internal and external pressures of the fuel tank 6 when the rail vehicle is operating normally; and when the rail vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, the fuel in the fuel tank 6 that rises along the first pipeline 1 toggles the switching assembly 4 to connect the first pipeline 1 with the third pipeline 3 to reduce the leakage of fuel from the second pipeline 2.

[0052] According to the ventilation device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a third pipe 3 extending upward is provided between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2. By installing the switching component 4 between the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2 and the third pipe 3, when the rail vehicle is running normally, the first pipe 1 is connected with the second pipe 2, and the inside of the fuel tank 6 is connected with the outside atmosphere to achieve pressure balance and ensure smooth flow of fuel. When the rail vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the fuel in the fuel tank 6 that rises along the first pipe 1 generates thrust, and the switching component 4 is turned to connect the first pipe 1 with the third pipe 3. The fuel flowing from the fuel tank 6 to the first pipe 1 is temporarily stored through the third pipe 3. On the premise of ensuring that the second pipe 2 is used as a ventilation pipe, the leakage of fuel from the second pipe 2 is reduced. At the same time, it is ensured to a large extent that the fuel vapor can be discharged from the fuel tank in time, and the fuel vapor is prevented from flowing back into the fuel tank, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the operation of the rail vehicle.

[0053] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper end of the third pipe 3 may also form a first extension pipe parallel to the top surface of the oil tank 6 and extending in the length direction of the rail vehicle to prevent impurities and water vapor from being affected by the airflow and being sucked into the oil tank 6. Furthermore, the other end of the first extension pipe opposite to the third pipe 3 may also form a second extension pipe extending downward to further prevent impurities and water vapor from being affected by the airflow and being sucked into the oil tank 6.

[0054] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first pipeline 1 includes a first section of the first pipeline 1 extending upward from the oil tank 6 and a second section of the first pipeline 1 extending from the first section of the first pipeline 1 in a direction parallel to the top surface of the oil tank 6 .

[0055] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 1and Figure 2 As shown, the second pipeline 2 includes a first section of the second pipeline 2 extending from the first pipeline 1 and a second section of the second pipeline 2 extending downward from the first section of the second pipeline 2. One end of the second section of the second pipeline 2 is connected to the atmosphere.

[0056] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the ventilation device is installed on the fuel tank 6 and is located at one end in the length direction of the rail vehicle to prevent impurities and water vapor from being sucked into the fuel tank 6 due to the airflow, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and stability of the fuel in the fuel tank 6.

[0057] Figure 3 A perspective view schematically shows the internal structure of a fuel tank according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0058] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of baffles 61 are arranged in the fuel tank 6 along the width direction and the length direction of the rail vehicle, and a plurality of through holes 62 are provided on the baffles 61. The baffles 61 limit the flow of fuel in the fuel tank 6 to reduce the surge phenomenon of fuel during the acceleration or deceleration of the rail vehicle.

[0059] In such an embodiment, the baffle 61 can also disperse the pressure of the fuel when it flows, reduce the pressure fluctuation on the inner wall of the fuel tank 6, and extend the service life of the fuel tank 6.

[0060] Figure 4 Schematically shows a partial cross-sectional view of a ventilation device in a first state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a ventilation device in a second state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an installation area is formed between the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2 and the third pipe 3, and the switching assembly 4 includes a connecting member 41, a first stopper 42 and a second stopper 43. The connecting member 41 is rotatably installed in the installation area around a rotation axis that is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first pipe 1 and parallel to the horizontal plane. The first stopper 42 is installed at one end of the connecting member 41, and the second stopper 43 is installed at the other end of the connecting member 41. In the case of normal operation of the rail vehicle, if Figure 4 As shown, the switching assembly 4 is in a first state where the first stopper 42 connects the first pipe 1 with the second pipe 2 and the second stopper 43 isolates the first pipe 1 from the third pipe 3; when the rail vehicle accelerates or decelerates, as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, the fuel in the first pipeline 1 drives the first stopper 42 and the second stopper 43 to rotate around the rotation axis, and the switching assembly 4 is in a second state in which the first stopper 42 connects the first pipeline 1 with the third pipeline 3 and the second stopper 43 isolates the first pipeline 1 from the second pipeline 2.

[0062] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by installing the first stopper 42 and the second stopper 43 at both ends of the connecting member 41, the lever principle can be used to flexibly switch between the first state and the second state to adapt to different operating states of the rail vehicle (normal operation, acceleration, deceleration). The rotation of the first stopper 42 and the second stopper 43 can accurately control the flow direction of the fuel and reduce fuel leakage.

[0063] In such an embodiment, during the acceleration or deceleration of the rail vehicle, the fuel flowing into the first pipeline 1 pushes the first stopper 42, so that the first pipeline 1 is connected to the third pipeline 3, and the fuel is guided to the third pipeline 3, thereby preventing the fuel from leaking from the second pipeline 2, thereby improving the safety of the rail vehicle operation.

[0064] In an exemplary embodiment, the first pipeline 1, the second pipeline 2 and the third pipeline 3 are connected through a three-way pipeline, the installation area is located in the three-way pipeline, and the switching component 4 is installed in the three-way pipeline. In this way, the replacement and maintenance of the switching component 4 are facilitated.

[0065] In an illustrative embodiment, the first stopper 42 may be formed integrally with the connecting member 41 , or may be installed on the first end of the connecting member 41 by welding, riveting, screwing or other installation methods.

[0066] In an exemplary embodiment, the connecting member 41 is symmetrical about the rotation axis.

[0067] In an illustrative embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the cross-sections of the first pipeline 1, the second pipeline 2 and the third pipeline 3 are circular, the inner diameters of the third pipeline 3 and the second pipeline 2 are equal, the rotation axis is perpendicular to and intersects with the axis of the second pipeline 2, and the connecting piece 41 is symmetrical about the rotation axis.

[0068] In an exemplary embodiment, when the switching component 4 is in Figure 4In the first state shown, the first stopper 42 extends perpendicular to the axial direction of the first pipe 1, and the second stopper 43 extends parallel to the axial direction of the first pipe 1. The shape of the connecting member 41 matches the second pipe 2, the shape of the end of the first stopper 42 facing the second pipe 2 matches the shape of the second pipe 2, and the shape of the end of the second stopper 43 facing the second pipe 2 matches the shape of the second pipe 2. In this way, the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 can be connected in the first state, while the first pipe 1 is isolated from the third pipe 3, and the first pipe 1 and the third pipe 3 are connected in the second state, while the first pipe 1 is isolated from the second pipe 2.

[0069] In such an embodiment, the cross-sections of the first stopper 42 and the second stopper 43 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the first pipe may be substantially fan-shaped.

[0070] In another exemplary embodiment, the cross-sections of the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2 and the third pipe 3 may also be rectangular or square. In such an embodiment, the connecting member 41 may be asymmetric about the rotation axis, and in the second state, the angle between the second stopper 43 and the bottom surface of the second pipe may be an acute angle.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the ventilation assembly further includes a rotating shaft, which passes through the connecting member 41 and is installed on the pipe wall of the second pipe 2 located in the installation area, so that the connecting member 41 can rotate relative to the second pipe 2.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, there may be two rotating shafts, the axes of the two rotating shafts are both rotation axes, and the two rotating shafts are located at two ends of the connecting member 41 adjacent to the tube wall of the second pipe 2. One end of the rotating shaft extends into the connecting member 41, and the other end extends into the tube wall of the second pipe 2.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the connecting member 41 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can be stationary relative to the second pipe 2. Alternatively, the connecting member 41 can be stationary relative to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft rotates with the connecting member 41.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first weight of the first stop 42 is greater than the second weight of the second stop 43, so that when the rail vehicle operates normally, the switching assembly 4 remains in the first state based on the weight difference between the first stop 42 and the second stop 43.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, when the switching assembly 4 is in the second state, the switching assembly 4 is maintained in the second state due to the action of the fuel, and when the fuel flows back into the fuel tank 6 through the first pipe 1, the switching assembly 4 returns to the first state based on the weight difference between the first stop member 42 and the second stop member 43.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first stopper 42 is made of metal (eg, iron or stainless steel), and the second stopper 43 is made of hard rubber (eg, silicone rubber or nitrile rubber).

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the first state, a connecting passage is formed between the first stop plate 61 and the bottom wall of the first pipe 1 to allow air from the second pipe 2 to pass through the connecting passage and enter the fuel tank 6 via the first pipe 1, so that the internal and external pressures of the fuel tank 6 are balanced, thereby ensuring the normal flow of fuel.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a stopper 21 is installed at the top of one end of the second pipe 2 near the installation area. The stopper 21 is suitable for blocking the second stopper 43 from further rotating toward the second pipe 2 when the switching component 4 is in the first state, and blocking the first stopper 42 from further rotating toward the first pipe 1 when the switching component 4 is in the second state, thereby ensuring that the switching component 4 can accurately control the direction of fuel flow, reduce fuel leakage, improve the reliability and safety of the switching device, and extend the service life of the switching component 4.

[0079] In another alternative embodiment, the stopper 21 may also be installed on the side wall of the third pipe 3 intersecting with the second pipe 2 .

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an extension portion 5 extending in a horizontal direction toward the second pipe 2 is provided on a side of one end of the first pipe 1 connected to the third pipe 3 and away from the second pipe 2. The extension portion 5 is suitable for contacting the upper surface of the second stop plate 61 when the second stop plate 61 is in the first position, thereby isolating the third pipe 3 from the first pipe 1.

[0081] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, by providing the extension portion 5, the third pipe 3 and the first pipe 1 can be effectively isolated during the normal operation of the rail vehicle, and the second pipe 2 can be used as a ventilation pipe to improve the reliability and safety of the ventilation device and enhance the sealing performance.

[0082] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, an upwardly extending oil baffle plate 22 is provided at one end of the second pipeline 2 connected to the first pipeline 1. The oil baffle plate 22 is suitable for cooperating with the second pipeline 2 and the second stop plate 61 to form an oil storage tank opening upward when the second stop plate 61 is in the second state, so as to at least partially store the fuel that flows to the horizontal part of the second pipeline 2 when the first baffle plate 61 is rotated.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the second pipe 2 connected to the first pipe 1 extends upwardly and obliquely in a direction away from the first pipe 1, so that the fuel stored in the oil storage tank can flow back to the fuel tank 6 when the rail vehicle operates normally.

[0084] According to the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the fuel flows into the first pipeline 1 due to the acceleration or deceleration of the rail vehicle, in the process of rotating the first stop plate 61, a part of the fuel that rotates the first stop plate 61 flows into the second pipeline 2 and is blocked by the oil baffle plate 22. When the second stop plate 61 rotates to the second state, the second stop plate 61 cooperates with the second pipeline 2 and the second stop plate 61 to form an oil storage tank with an opening upward, temporarily storing the part of the fuel blocked by the oil baffle plate 22, and preventing the part of the fuel from leaking to the outside from the second pipeline 2. Furthermore, when the rail vehicle is running normally, the fuel in the third pipeline 3 flows back to the fuel tank 6 due to gravity, and the first stop plate 61 and the second stop plate 61 return to the first state due to the weight difference. Under the action of the inclined second pipeline 2, the part of the fuel blocked by the oil baffle plate 22 flows back to the fuel tank 6, preventing the fuel from leaking to the outside of the vehicle body, and keeping the environment of the train and the track clean.

[0085] As another aspect of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a rail vehicle is provided, the rail vehicle comprising an oil tank 6 and any one of the above-mentioned ventilation devices. The oil tank 6 is mounted on the underframe of the rail vehicle, and the ventilation device is mounted on the oil tank 6.

[0086] According to the ventilation device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a third pipe 3 extending upward is provided between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2, and a switching assembly 4 is provided in the installation area between the first pipe 1, the second pipe 2 and the third pipe 3, and the switching between the first state and the second state is achieved by the thrust of the fuel and the weight difference between the first stopper 42 and the second stopper 43, so that the atmospheric pressure inside and outside the oil tank 6 is balanced and the oil leakage during braking or acceleration can be effectively prevented, thereby improving the operating safety of the rail vehicle, and the installation and replacement of the switching assembly 4 are simple. In addition, the ventilation device does not change other installation and fixing structures of the rail vehicle, and will not change other mechanical properties of the rail vehicle oil tank 6.

[0087] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described above. However, these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described above separately, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used in combination to advantage. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art may make a variety of substitutions and modifications, which should all fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A ventilation device, characterized in that: Installed on the fuel tank of a rail vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine or a hybrid power, the ventilation device comprises: A first pipeline, installed above the oil tank and connected to the oil tank; A second pipe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipe, and the other end of which extends downward in the height direction; A third pipe, one end of which is connected to the other end of the first pipe, and the other end of which extends upward in the height direction; and The switching assembly is installed between the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and is suitable for connecting the first pipeline with the second pipeline to balance the internal and external pressures of the fuel tank when the rail vehicle is operating normally; and when the rail vehicle is accelerating or decelerating, the fuel in the fuel tank rising along the first pipeline switches the switching assembly to connect the first pipeline with the third pipeline to reduce the leakage of the fuel from the second pipeline.

2. The ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that An installation area is formed between the first pipeline, the second pipeline and the third pipeline, and the switching component includes: A connecting member is rotatably installed in the installation area around a rotation axis which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the first pipe and parallel to the horizontal plane; A first stopper, mounted at one end of the connecting member; and A second stopper, mounted on the other end of the connecting member; Wherein, when the rail vehicle operates normally, the switching assembly is in a first state in which the first stop connects the first pipeline with the second pipeline and the second stop isolates the first pipeline from the third pipeline; when the rail vehicle accelerates or decelerates, the fuel in the first pipeline drives the first stop and the second stop to rotate around the rotation axis, and the switching assembly is in a second state in which the first stop connects the first pipeline with the third pipeline and the second stop isolates the first pipeline from the second pipeline.

3. The ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that A stopper is installed at the top of one end of the second pipe close to the installation area, and the stopper is suitable for blocking the second stopper from rotating further toward the second pipe when the switching assembly is in the first state, and blocking the first stopper from rotating further toward the first pipe when the switching assembly is in the second state.

4. The ventilation device according to claim 3, characterized in that At the end where the first pipe is connected to the third pipe, an extension portion extending in a horizontal direction toward the second pipe is provided on a side away from the second pipe, and the extension portion is suitable for contacting the upper surface of the second stop plate when the second stop plate is in the first position, thereby isolating the third pipe from the first pipe.

5. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The first weight of the first stopper is greater than the second weight of the second stopper, so that the switching assembly is maintained in the first state based on the weight difference between the first stopper and the second stopper when the rail vehicle operates normally.

6. The ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that The first stopper is made of metal, and the second stopper is made of rubber.

7. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: In the first state, a communication channel is formed between the first stop plate and the bottom wall of the first pipe to allow air from the second pipe to pass through the communication channel and enter the oil tank via the first pipe, so that the internal and external pressures of the oil tank are balanced.

8. The ventilation device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: An upwardly extending oil baffle is provided at one end of the second pipeline connected to the first pipeline. The oil baffle is suitable for cooperating with the second pipeline and the second stop plate to form an upwardly opening oil storage tank when the second stop plate is in the second state, so as to at least partially store the fuel that flows into the horizontal part of the second pipeline when the first baffle is rotated.

9. The ventilation device according to claim 8, characterized in that One end of the second pipeline connected to the first pipeline extends upwardly and obliquely in a direction away from the first pipeline, so that the fuel stored in the oil storage tank can flow back to the fuel tank when the rail vehicle operates normally.

10. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: include: a fuel tank mounted on the chassis of the rail vehicle; The breather device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, mounted on the oil tank.

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